Tornadoes · United States · Alabama · 2011

EF0 tornado, Battleground, Alabama, February 24, 2011

This EF0 tornado ran 0.2 miles across Cullman County on February 24, 2011, touching down at 11:10 PM CST and reaching 20 yards wide. It killed nobody.

The rating scale

Tracks are drawn in the color of the rating. The Enhanced Fujita scale rates the damage rather than measuring the wind: the speeds are what that damage is taken to imply.

  1. EF065 to 85 mphthis tornado

    Light damage. Surface peeled off some roofs, gutters and siding damaged, branches broken, shallow-rooted trees pushed over.

  2. EF186 to 110 mph

    Moderate damage. Roofs badly stripped, mobile homes overturned or badly damaged, exterior doors lost, windows broken.

  3. EF2111 to 135 mph

    Considerable damage. Roofs torn off well-built houses, frame homes shifted on their foundations, mobile homes destroyed, large trees snapped or uprooted, cars lifted off the ground.

  4. EF3136 to 165 mph

    Severe damage. Whole stories of well-built houses destroyed, large buildings badly damaged, trains overturned, trees debarked, heavy cars lifted and thrown.

  5. EF4166 to 200 mph

    Devastating damage. Well-built houses leveled, structures with weak foundations moved some distance, cars thrown and large missiles generated.

  6. EF5over 200 mph

    Incredible damage. Strong frame houses swept off their foundations, car-sized missiles thrown more than 100 meters, steel-reinforced concrete badly damaged, high-rise buildings deformed.

  7. Unrated

    The survey recorded a tornado but could not put a number on it, most often because it crossed open country and damaged nothing a rating can be read from.

The record

Rating
EF0
Date
February 24, 2011
Touchdown
11:10 PM CST (05:10 UTC)
Lifted
11:11 PM CST (05:11 UTC)
On the ground
1 minutes
Path length
0.2 miles (0.4 km)
Path width
20 yards (18 m)
Deaths
0
Injuries
0
County
Cullman County
Touchdown point
34.301, -86.973
Lift-off point
34.303, -86.969
Record number
1102242310-01

What the Weather Service recorded

An intense fast moving squall line tracked east at 50 to 60 mph across north Alabama. Ahead of the line, southerly winds accelerated to 30 to 40 mph with a few gusts around 60 mph. The winds knocked some trees and power lines down.||The QLCS produced several reports of wind damage mainly to trees and powerlines, causing sporadic power outages. A poorly fastened, but large chicken barn was destroyed near Battleground in northwest Cullman County.

An EF-0 tornado with maximum winds of 75 mph and a path width of 20 yards tracked about one quarter mile on a farm just east of battleground. The tornado first snapped and twisted four tall hardwood trees before advancing northeast and destroying a large but unoccupied chicken barn. Metal and wood debris was shredded and twisted amongst nearby trees and damaged the adjacent home and a mobile home.

From NOAA NCEI's Storm Events Database, the narrative the local forecast office wrote for Storm Data.

The warnings

No tornado warning for this county appears in the archive as in force at the moment the tornado touched down. One was issued for the county at another hour that day.

The county was under a tornado watch, issued at 02:30 UTC and running to 06:08 UTC.

Issued (UTC)ExpiredProductOffice
00:00 UTC08:02 UTCWind AdvisoryHUN
02:30 UTC06:08 UTCTornado WatchHUN
05:04 UTC05:45 UTCSevere Thunderstorm WarningHUN
05:20 UTC05:45 UTCTornado WarningHUN
05:40 UTC05:56 UTCSevere Thunderstorm WarningHUN

Every warning and watch covering the touchdown point that day, from the Iowa Environmental Mesonet's archive of National Weather Service products. Lead time is measured from the issue of the warning in force to the touchdown time in the database, both of which were recorded to the minute by different people.

The forecast that day

The Storm Prediction Center had this point in a Slight Risk, with a 0.10 chance of a tornado within 25 miles. The outlook in force was issued at 00:55 UTC.

SPC's Day 1 convective outlook as it stood when the tornado began, read at the touchdown point. The same archive is on the radar archive.

The air that afternoon

The radiosonde launches on either side of the tornado, from the nearest station that was launching then, drawn and analyzed the way Storm Lab does: the same diagram, the same parcel and shear definitions SPC's mesoanalysis uses.

Birmingham, AL (KBMX), 00:00Z

5.2 hours before the tornado, 126 km from the path. February 25, 2011.

Skew-T log-pSkew-T log-p diagram, Birmingham, AL at 00:00Z on 2011-02-25Temperature and dew point through the depth of the atmosphere, with the mixed-layer parcel lifted from the surface. Mixed-layer CAPE 52 joules per kilogram, CIN -7, lifted condensation level 1096 meters above ground. Wind barbs in knots down the right edge.LCLLFCEL10008507005003002001001 km2 km3 km6 km9 km12 km15 km-30°-20°-10°10°20°30°40°
Temperature in red, dew point in green, the mixed-layer parcel dashed. The warm shading is its CAPE, the cool shading the inhibition it has to break through.
HodographHodograph, Birmingham, AL at 00:00Z on 2011-02-25The wind through the lowest 10 kilometers as a curve, rings every 10 meters per second labeled in knots. Zero to 1 km storm-relative helicity 162 square meters per square second, 0 to 6 km bulk shear 55 knots.1939587897Sfc1 km3 km6 km9 kmRMLM
The wind turning with height, colored by layer: ground to 1 km, 1 to 3 km, 3 to 6 km, 6 to 10 km. RM and LM are the right and left moving storms Bunkers' method gives; the shaded area is the 0 to 1 km storm-relative helicity.
Mixed-layer CAPE
52 J/kg
Mixed-layer CIN
-7 J/kg
Surface CAPE
132 J/kg
Mixed-layer LCL
1096 m above ground
0-6 km bulk shear
55 kt
0-1 km bulk shear
22 kt
0-1 km storm-relative helicity
162 m²/s²
0-3 km storm-relative helicity
199 m²/s²
Significant tornado parameter
0.0
Supercell composite
0.1
0-3 km lapse rate
6.6 K/km

Open this sounding in Storm Lab

Birmingham, AL (KBMX), 12:00Z

6.8 hours after it, 126 km from the path. February 25, 2011.

Skew-T log-pSkew-T log-p diagram, Birmingham, AL at 12:00Z on 2011-02-25Temperature and dew point through the depth of the atmosphere, with the mixed-layer parcel lifted from the surface. Mixed-layer CAPE 1 joules per kilogram, CIN -8, lifted condensation level 562 meters above ground. Wind barbs in knots down the right edge.LCLLFCEL10008507005003002001001 km2 km3 km6 km9 km12 km15 km-30°-20°-10°10°20°30°40°
Temperature in red, dew point in green, the mixed-layer parcel dashed. The warm shading is its CAPE, the cool shading the inhibition it has to break through.
HodographHodograph, Birmingham, AL at 12:00Z on 2011-02-25The wind through the lowest 10 kilometers as a curve, rings every 10 meters per second labeled in knots. Zero to 1 km storm-relative helicity 0 square meters per square second, 0 to 6 km bulk shear 74 knots.1939587897117136Sfc1 km3 km6 km9 kmRMLM
The wind turning with height, colored by layer: ground to 1 km, 1 to 3 km, 3 to 6 km, 6 to 10 km. RM and LM are the right and left moving storms Bunkers' method gives; the shaded area is the 0 to 1 km storm-relative helicity.
Mixed-layer CAPE
1 J/kg
Mixed-layer CIN
-8 J/kg
Surface CAPE
3 J/kg
Mixed-layer LCL
562 m above ground
0-6 km bulk shear
74 kt
0-1 km bulk shear
32 kt
0-1 km storm-relative helicity
0 m²/s²
0-3 km storm-relative helicity
9 m²/s²
Significant tornado parameter
0.0
Supercell composite
0.0
0-3 km lapse rate
4.7 K/km

Open this sounding in Storm Lab

The radar

The Northeast Alabama radar (KHTX), 107 km away, was scanning. The volume nearest the touchdown began at 05:11 UTC.

Open the radar archive at this moment, over the track

Reflectivity and velocity, decoded from the Level II archive in the browser. Volumes take a few seconds to open the first time.

What was reported nearby

Local storm reports within 60 km of the path, in the three hours either side.

Time (UTC)ReportWhereCountyRemark
02:54 UTCNON-TSTM WND DMG2 N MoultonLawrence, ALTREE DOWN 2 MI NORTH OF MOULTON ON CR 170.
03:25 UTCNON-TSTM WND DMG1 W BlountsvilleBlount, ALTREE REPORTED DOWN ALONG CO RD 47.
04:13 UTCNON-TSTM WND DMGBlountsvilleBlount, ALTREE DOWN ON LEE STREET
04:15 UTCNON-TSTM WND DMGHuntsvilleMadison, ALTREE DOWN ON 9TH AVENUE IN HUNTSVILLE.
04:16 UTCTSTM WND DMGWest PointCullman, ALUP TO 15 REPORTS OF THUNDERSTORM WIND DAMAGE WERE RECEIVED WITHIN CULLMAN COUNTY FROM 1116 PM THROUGH 1140 PM. NUMEROUS TREES AND POWERLINES WERE KNOCKED DOWN.
04:36 UTCNON-TSTM WND DMGHuntsvilleMadison, ALPOWER OUTAGES BEHIND PARKPLACE MALL IN HUNTSVILLE.
04:48 UTCTSTM WND DMG10 Sw Double SpringsWinston, ALTREES DOWN.
04:52 UTCNON-TSTM WND DMG6 S MoultonLawrence, ALSEVERAL TREES WERE KNOCKED DOWN ON LEOLA ROAD NEAR THE EDGE OF BANKHEAD NATIONAL FOREST. TIME ESTIMATED BY RADAR.
04:53 UTCNON-TSTM WND GST 51CullmanCullman, ALSTORM SPOTTER MEASURES WIND GUST OF 51MPH IN CULLMAN.
04:55 UTCTSTM WND DMG3 E HartselleMorgan, ALSEVERAL TREES KNOCKED DOWN WITH 5 INCH DIAMETER LIMBS SNAPPED.
04:59 UTCTSTM WND DMG5 Ese RogersvilleLimestone, ALMULTIPLE TREES DOWN NEAR HWY 72.
04:59 UTCHAIL 0.55 Ese RogersvilleLimestone, ALDIME SIZED HAIL REPORTED NEAR HWY 72.
05:02 UTCTSTM WND DMG5 S Mcdowell Camp GrounWalker, ALBARN DAMAGED ON DUNCAN ROAD BETWEEN AL 5 AND AL 195.
05:04 UTCTSTM WND DMG4 Nw JasperWalker, ALTREES WERE BLOWN DOWN ON SCOTT CEMETARY ROAD.
05:05 UTCTSTM WND DMG1 Wnw NesmithWinston, ALROOF OFF MOBILE HOME AND TREES DOWN ON CR 39 AT AL 278.
05:05 UTCTSTM WND DMGArleyWinston, ALTREES DOWN.
05:09 UTCTSTM WND DMG1 Se JasperWalker, ALDAMAGE TO EASTSIDE BAPTIST CHURCH ON HIGHWAY 118 NEXT TO THE JASPER MALL.
05:09 UTCTSTM WND DMG2 N DallasBlount, ALTREE DOWN BLOCKING HWY 79 AT DALLAS SELFVILLE FIRE DEPARTMENT.
05:09 UTCTSTM WND DMG4 N JasperWalker, ALTREES WERE BLOWN DOWN NEAR CHRISTY LANE AND GAINES ROAD NEAR HIGHWAY 257 CURRY HIGHWAY.
05:10 UTCTSTM WND DMGJasperWalker, ALTREES DOWN.
05:10 UTCTORNADO5 Nnw West PointCullman, ALAN EF-0 TORNADO WITH MAXIMUM WINDS OF 75 MPH AND A PATH WIDTH OF 20 YARDS TRACKED ABOUT ONE QUARTER MILE ON A FARM JUST EAST OF BATTLEGROUND. THE TORNADO FIRST SNAPPED AND TWISTED FOUR TALL HARDWOOD TREES BEFORE ADVANCIN
05:12 UTCTSTM WND DMGSipseyWalker, ALTREES DOWN.
05:13 UTCTSTM WND DMG2 Ssw HartselleMorgan, ALREPORTS OF PINE AND OAK TREES DOWN...POWER POLES DOWN AND SKIRTING TORN OFF A MOBILE HOME ON GARNER ROAD.
05:13 UTCTSTM WND DMG7 Sw HartselleMorgan, ALWINDOWS WERE BLOWN OUT IN A MOBILE HOME.
05:15 UTCTSTM WND DMG3 W HartselleMorgan, ALTREE DOWN ON RESIDENCE ON FORREST CHAPEL ROAD IN OAKRIDGE.
05:16 UTCTSTM WND DMGWest PointCullman, ALUP TO 15 REPORTS OF THUNDERSTORM WIND DAMAGE WERE REPORTED THROUGHOUT CULLMAN COUNTY FROM 1116 PM THROUGH APPROXIMATELY 1140 PM. THUNDERSTORM WINDS KNOCKED NUMEROUS TREES DOWN ONTO POWERLINES AND SOME ROADWAYS.
05:18 UTCTSTM WND DMG1 Sse Smith DamWalker, ALTREES DOWN ON SMITH LAKE DAM ROAD NEAR AL 69.
05:30 UTCTSTM WND GST 61CullmanCullman, AL61 MPH WIND GUST MEASURED IN DOWNTOWN CULLMAN.
05:39 UTCTSTM WND DMG3 W HartselleMorgan, ALTREE DOWN ON RESIDENCE ON FORREST CHAPEL ROAD IN OAKRIDGE.
05:47 UTCTSTM WND DMG2 N DallasBlount, ALTREE DOWN BLOCKING HWY 79 AT DALLAS SELFVILLE FIRE DEPARTMENT.
05:47 UTCTSTM WND DMG5 Wsw ClevelandBlount, ALPOWERLINES DOWN ON MOUNT VIEW TRAIL AND CO HWY 11.
05:50 UTCTSTM WND DMGArabMarshall, ALTREE DOWN ON RESIDENCE IN ARAB.
05:54 UTCTSTM WND DMG5 Sse ClevelandBlount, ALTREE DOWN ACROSS CO HWY 1.
05:55 UTCTSTM WND DMGOwens CrossroadsMadison, ALPOWER OUTAGES REPORTED IN OWENS CROSSROADS ON HAMPTON ROAD.
06:03 UTCTSTM WND DMG2 N ArabMarshall, ALPOWERLINES DOWN IN RUTH COMMUNITY NEAR ARAB.
06:06 UTCTSTM WND DMG2 N Owens CrossroadsMadison, ALMAJOR SUBSTATION HAS BEEN TAKEN OUT IN HAMPTON COVE. REPORTS OF LARGE AND LONG LIVED POWER FLASH IN THE AREA. LARGE POWER OUTAGE IN SOUTHEAST QUADRANT OF MADISON COUNTY.
06:22 UTCTSTM WND DMGArabMarshall, ALPOWER OUTAGES REPORTED.

From the Iowa Environmental Mesonet's archive of National Weather Service local storm reports.

This ground now

The live radar over the trackEvery 2011 tornado in AlabamaEvery tornado in Alabama since 1950Warnings in force in Alabama nowThe forecast where you are

The other tornadoes of February 24, 2011

12 more were confirmed in the United States that day.

DateTimeRatingWherePath (mi)Width (yd)DeathsInjuriesDamage
February 243:53 PM CSTEF1Perry, AR11.180$165,000
February 244:56 PM CSTEF1Lonoke, AR2.3100$75,000
February 245:03 PM CSTEF1Lonoke, AR1.6235$400,000
February 246:15 PM CSTEF0Fulton, KY1.150$30,000
February 246:32 PM CSTEF1Hickman, KY7.2100$80,000
February 247:25 PM CSTEF1West Carroll Parish, LA6.575$750,000
February 247:50 PM CSTEF2Christian, KY5.7300$600,000
February 247:50 PM CSTEF2Sharkey, MS7.3400$1.0 million
February 248:30 PM CSTEF2Decatur, TN12.2400$1.5 million
February 2410:02 PM CSTEF2Davidson, TN7.5100$550,000
February 2410:14 PM CSTEF2Wilson, TN8.01502$500,000
February 2410:18 PM CSTEF0Marion, AL0.6100$75,000

What this means

Ratings are the survey's, read off the damage rather than measured; the rating scale is above. Tornado counts rise through the record as reporting improved, so a year in the 1950s is not comparable with one today except for the strongest tornadoes, which were always noticed.

Sources

NOAA Storm Prediction Center tornado database, 1950-2025, the official record kept by NOAA's Storm Prediction Center.