Alaska, 2023

Flood in Alaska, May 9 to 11, 2023

May 9 to 11, 2023 · NWS AFG · 1 event in 1 county or zone

A prolonged period of well-below-average spring temperatures combined with an above-average winter snowpack created a dynamic breakup of the Mosquito Fork of the Fortymile River. This resulted in ice jams and flooding.

Where it happened

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The toll

Deaths
0
Injuries
0
Property damage
None recorded
Crop damage
None recorded
Events
1

Deaths and injuries are direct and indirect together, as the offices filed them. Damage is property and crops in the dollars of the year, not adjusted for inflation, and only where an office estimated it.

What happened

The episode as NWS AFG wrote it up.

A prolonged period of well-below-average spring temperatures combined with an above-average winter snowpack created a dynamic breakup of the Mosquito Fork of the Fortymile River. This resulted in ice jams and flooding. April temperatures were well below normal, and when temperatures began to warm in early May, it melted the low-elevation snowpack quickly. Because of the relatively quick addition of snowmelt onto strong ice, the ice was more susceptible to jamming and floods.

What forecasters said that day

The local office's own words before the first event, as it sent them, from the Iowa Environmental Mesonet's archive of National Weather Service text.

NWS Fairbanks, AK wrote its last area forecast discussion before the first event at May 9, 2:55 AM AKST, 2 hours 5 minutes earlier.

Area forecast discussion, May 9, 2:55 AM AKST, 2 hours 5 minutes before
Northern Alaska Forecast Discussion
National Weather Service Fairbanks AK
355 AM AKDT Tue May 9 2023

.SYNOPSIS...A warming trend to near or just above normal temperatures
is expected across Interior and Northern Alaska. Highs in the low
to mid 60s by Wednesday and continued warm into the weekend.
Typical late spring conditions are underway with fog over the N
Slope. Weak to moderate southerly chinook winds with gusts to near
60 mph in the eastern Alaska range through this morning.

DISCUSSION...

Upper Levels and Analysis...
There is a 520 dam arctic trough just offshore of the NW Arctic
coast. Ridging will build over the Interior as upper low over
the Aleutians slides into the Gulf of ALaska. Warming conditions
will persist over the Interior and northern Interior through the
week.

Central and Eastern Interior...
Gusty south gap winds through the AK Range will continue into the
45 mph range, gusting to near 60 mph this morning with gradual
weakening through tonight. Wind advisories are out until noon
today for the eastern Alaska range and Delta Junction south. A
warming trend to near or just above normal temperatures is
expected across Interior and Northern Alaska. Highs in the low to
mid 60s by Wednesday and continued warm into the weekend. Not much
in the way of showery activity until Thursday and Friday
afternoon.

West Coast and Western Interior...Northeast winds will
continue through Wednesday. Temps will remain sightly below
seasonal norms over the W Coast with the blustery northerly winds,
but will gradually warm over the Interior. Highs in the
upper 30s to low 40s near the coast and highs in the low
50s inland.

North Slope and Brooks Range...
Low stratus and periods of dense fog will plague the Arctic coast
through the week. Weak disturbances aloft will support
isolated/scattered rain and snow showers over the Brooks Range
through Wed.

Coastal Hazard Potential Days 3 and 4...None.

FIRE WEATHER...
Snowpack starting to clear low elevations of Tanana Valley, but
heavy snowpack remains in most other areas.

South winds will continue to gust to 35 to 45 mph before
decreasing slowly Tue night and Wed although they will remain
breezy through Thu. Expect dry and windy conditions down by the
AK Range today and tomorrow.

HYDROLOGY...
Most rivers and lakes remain ice covered, with areas of overflow
and open leads. The Tanana River has broken up in many areas
upstream of Salcha, and the lower portion of the Nenana River is
open.

With a much above normal snowpack over most of the Interior, and
a warming trend to near or just above normal temperatures in the
second half of this week, there will be a big increase of snowmelt
and the push of water into rivers south of the Brooks Range in
the second half of this week. People who live near areas prone to
snowmelt flooding should prepare for the possibility of snowmelt
flooding later this week. The chance of breakup and/or snow melt
flooding are above normal this spring over Eastern Alaska and are
about a week later than normal. The latest breakup information is
available at www.weather.gov/aprfc/breakupMap.

&&

.AFG WATCHES/WARNINGS/ADVISORIES...
AK...Wind Advisory for AKZ223-226.
PK...Small Craft Advisory for PKZ801.
     Small Craft Advisory for PKZ802.
     Small Craft Advisory for PKZ816-851.
     Heavy Freezing Spray Warning for PKZ816.
     Brisk Wind Advisory for PKZ817.
     Brisk Wind Advisory for PKZ850.
     Heavy Freezing Spray Warning for PKZ851.
     Brisk Wind Advisory for PKZ854.
&&

The radar

The national radar mosaic for the moment the first event began.

Open the radar archive at this moment

Event by event

1 flood. Local standard time, as filed.

Flood, Upr Tanana Vly Fortymile

When
May 9, 5:00 AM AKST to May 11, 11:00 PM AKST
Where
Upr Tanana Vly Fortymile County, 1.53 mi W of Chicken to 0.25 mi WSW of Chicken
Cause
Ice Jam
Reported by
Official NWS Observations
Coordinates
64.071, -142.000

An ice jam formed on the Mosquito Fork of the Fortymile River approximately 1.5 miles downstream from the Taylor Highway bridge. A NWS automated river gage on the bridge recorded a rise in water levels of 10 feet in 48 hours. Ice rose to the base of the bridge and lower part of the guardrail but damage to the bridge was not observed. Water also went overbank and flooded portions of a wayside at the bridge but the Taylor Highway was not impacted by floodwaters and the road remained open.

What these are

Flood
Flooding that develops more slowly than a flash flood: rivers leaving their banks, or water standing over land for an extended time.

After NWS Directive 10-1605, the rules offices file Storm Data by.

The same day elsewhere

More

Every storm in Alaska in 2023Every state in 2023This day in weather historyWarnings in Alaska, May 2023

Sources

NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information, Storm Events Database, compiled from the National Weather Service’s monthly Storm Data. Complete through 2026-06; NCEI adds each month about 75 days after it ends and revises past years a few times a year. Rebuilt 2026-09-24. Each event’s entry at NCEI: 1086934.