Oregon, 2020

Wildfire in Oregon, September 7 to 30, 2020

September 7 to 30, 2020 · NWS PQR · 11 events in 6 counties and zones

After a period of upper level ridging brought a return to above normal temperatures in early September, very strong easterly downslope and offshore winds off the Cascades and Coastal Ranges occurred. Winds increased rapidly during the afternoon and evening of September 7 with the passage of an unseasonably strong backdoor cold front, and persisted through much of the following day.

The toll

Deaths
7
Injuries
38
Property damage
None recorded
Crop damage
None recorded
Events
11

Deaths and injuries are direct and indirect together, as the offices filed them. Damage is property and crops in the dollars of the year, not adjusted for inflation, and only where an office estimated it.

What happened

The episode as NWS PQR wrote it up.

After a period of upper level ridging brought a return to above normal temperatures in early September, very strong easterly downslope and offshore winds off the Cascades and Coastal Ranges occurred. Winds increased rapidly during the afternoon and evening of September 7 with the passage of an unseasonably strong backdoor cold front, and persisted through much of the following day. This resulted in extremely critical fire weather conditions when the strong winds combined with extremely low relative humidity and exceptionally dry existing fuel conditions. The result was explosive growth of ongoing wildfires, and the new start and explosive spread of numerous new wildfires. Widespread wind gusts from 50-70 mph were common on ridge tops and numerous other in exposed areas, including portions of the greater Portland metro area, the Willamette Valley, and areas of the Oregon coast. Strong winds caused widespread damage to trees, and downed numerous power lines across the region, which started at least 13 additional wildfires. Large portions of the cities of Detroit, Mehama, and Gates were destroyed, and significant portions of Idanha, Mill City, and Lyons also burned. Resultant large wildfires included these named incidents - In Oregon: Beachie Creek, Chehalem Mountain/Bald Peak, Riverside, and Lionshead, and in Washington: Big Hollow. Rapidly spreading wildfires resulted in multiple fatalities, hundreds of displaced persons for many weeks, and billions of dollars in damage.

What forecasters said that day

The local office's own words before the first event, as it sent them, from the Iowa Environmental Mesonet's archive of National Weather Service text.

NWS Portland, OR wrote its last area forecast discussion before the first event at Sep 7, 9:02 AM PST, 2 hours 43 minutes earlier.

Area forecast discussion, Sep 7, 9:02 AM PST, 2 hours 43 minutes before
Area Forecast Discussion...UPDATE
National Weather Service Portland OR
1002 AM PDT Mon Sep 7 2020

Updated aviation discussion

.SYNOPSIS...A unusually potent east wind event will develop today
lasting through at least Tuesday. Winds likely peak later tonight
and Tuesday morning. Extreme fire danger and locally damaging winds
are likely. Warm and dry weather appears likely through the end of
the week.

&&

.SHORT TERM...Today through Wednesday...Forecast appears to be very
well on track this morning, with strong east to northeast winds
expected to develop across much of the forecast area later today. As
such, we only made minor changes on this shift. The synoptic features
models have been portraying for days are becoming evident on
satellite and surface observations. High pressure is indeed strong
over northern British Columbia at nearly 1040 mb. Meanwhile, 3.9 um
thermal satellite imagery clearly shows very warm conditions
along/near the Oregon Coast south of Cape Blanco, maintaining a
thermal trough of low pressure there. North Bend to Spokane MSLP
gradients remain weakly onshore, but that will be changing soon - and
rapidly - as the strong B.C. high pushes south into the Interior
Northwest. In other words, all the ingredients are coming together as
expected for a potent and likely historic September East Wind event
in our forecast area.

The strongest east winds still appear to focus through the gap in the
high Cascades between Mt Adams and Mt Hood (sort of the broader
Columbia Gorge area) across western portions of the Columbia Gorge,
Portland/Vancouver metro area, north Oregon Coast and Coast Range.
While high resolution guidance has generally backed off ever so
slightly with the magnitude of this event, 00z NAEFS and EPS means
continue to show the type of event that only occurs a couple times a
century in September. 00z NAM/GFS are still forecasting Spokane to
North Bend MSLP gradients of 21 to 23 mb late tonight and early
Tuesday morning, with 900 mb east winds of 65-75 kt over Portland.
Any weakening in the models' projections for this event has only put
the expected wind speeds down into the ranges we're forecasting - if
they had remained in the 23 to 26 mb range with 75-85 kt 900 mb winds
over Portland, we would have had to increase our forecast. As such,
confidence is only increasing that 40 to 60 mph east wind gusts will
develop through the corridor mentioned at the beginning of this
paragraph, with gusts 60 to 80 mph expected on exposed ridges. In
other words, the High Wind Warnings currently in place look to be in
great shape, and no changes were made on this shift.

The existing Red Flag Warnings also look to be in good shape. We are
on track for an extremely dangerous period of fire weather beginning
this afternoon, as discussed below by the evening shift. The rare
combination of an easterly downslope windstorm and extremely low
relative humidities have led the Storm Prediction Center to put the
area mentioned above into a rare "Extremely Critical" category in
their Day 1 Fire Weather Outlook.

We will be issuing a Heat Advisory starting 4 PM this afternoon until
10 PM Tuesday for the coast Tillamook southward and the central Coast
Range of Oregon, where high temperatures in the 90s will be common
once the east winds arrive. The timing of this advisory is a bit
tricky, as some portions of Oregon's Central Coast may remain cool
and cloudy today until the east winds arrive sometime this afternoon
or evening. It's entirely possible many coastal locations south of
Lincoln City will see their temperatures rise tonight as offshore
winds develop. Offshore winds will persist through the day Tuesday,
holding off any sea breeze which could cool off the immediate coast.

The remainder of the short and long term discussions are below and
are unchanged from this evening.  Weagle

-------

Little change in the overall forecast for the next 48-72 hours. High
fire danger will impact much of northwest Oregon and southwest
Washington beginning Monday afternoon and continue through Wednesday.
The period of most extreme fire weather conditions will likely begin
Monday evening and persist through Tuesday morning across the Coast
Range, portions of the Portland/Vancouver metro and the Cascades.
After that point, winds should begin to relax and while fire danger
will be high, it will not be as dire.

The main update this evening was to upgrade the wind advisory for the
Portland/Vancouver metro to a high wind warning. The NAM, GFS and UW
WRF soundings support a well mixed atmosphere persisting into the
evening hours with wind speeds at the top of the boundary layer
pushing 50kt or more. This certainly suggests stronger wind gusts of
50 kt could mix down in the form of sporadic, but big powerful gusts
near the West Hills and across portions of the eastern
Portland/Vancouver metro Monday evening/night. In addition, most
models keep the lower atmosphere well mixed with just a hint at the
surface trying to decouple, but struggling to do so. This appears to
be in part due to the breezy to windy conditions expected. In
addition, the urban heat island will act to keep the metro at the
surface warmer than it would naturally, particularly since we are
dealing with a much higher sun angle than many of our east wind
scenarios in Nov/Dec/Jan. When coupled with 900mb temperatures
steadily cooling through the night as cooler air is advected through
the Columbia River Gorge, the lower atmosphere should stay mixed
enough to allow some of the stronger winds aloft to surface at
times.

Finally, we have had a couple quiet years wind wise. In other words,
many of our trees haven't really undergone a good pruning in a while.
When coupled with the fact deciduous trees are fully leafed, tree
limb damage should be higher than it would be during many of our
winter east wind events. Even wind events that produced widespread
45 to 55 mph wind gusts during the winter months several years ago
produced a lot tree damage and ample power outages. For example, the
strongest downslope wind event in the last decade, resulted in over
60K losing power across Clark County on Veterans Day 2014.

So while confidence is relatively high significant chunks of the
metro will experience wind gusts of 40 to 55 mph Monday evening into
Tuesday morning, similar to the Veterans Day 2014 event, confidence
is not as high stronger wind gusts will materialize given the rarity
of such wind speeds. Nonetheless, feel the odds of 60 to 65 mph wind
gusts to surface across at least pockets of the metro is high enough
to warrant the warning given model soundings and theta/wind cross
sections. Either way, winds should be strong enough to produce down
tree limbs that will likely result in at least some power outages
across the metro. /Neuman

.LONG TERM...Wednesday night through Sunday...It will be still be
very warm on Thu with the thermal trough shifting to the interior.
This means cooler weather at the coast as a southerly wind reversal
develops later Tue or Wed. More cooling looks likely Fri into Sat
with weak onshore flow and lowering 500 mb heights along with weak
embedded shortwaves.  Shallow morning inversions Thu and Fri may lead
to lower somewhat stagnant air for the interior valley and may result
in decreased air quality. /mh

&&

.AVIATION...The 18Z TAF period is highlighted by mainly clear
skies across the area, along with an impressive east wind event
beginning early this evening and continuing into tomorrow.

Offshore flow will begin to strengthen this afternoon with
easterly to northeasterly wind gusts between 20 and 35 kt
impacting most terminals this evening. Locally stronger wind
gusts between 40 and 50 kt will be possible across the
Portland/Vancouver metro after 00Z Tuesday. In addition, expect
very strong low level wind speed shear on the order of 30 to 60
kt at around 2000 ft across portions of NW Oregon and SW
Washington.

The easterly winds will bring some smoke and haze into the
central and southern Willamette Valley from nearby fires. In
addition, blowing dust from the Columbia Basin could produce
hazy conditions across the northern Valley and Columbia River
Gorge Mon evening. Visibility reductions are not expected at the
terminals at this time.

Refer to http://weather.gov/zse for detailed regional aviation
weather and hazard information.

KPDX and APPROACHES...Clear skies will continue over the next 24
hours, with increasing offshore flow this afternoon and evening.
This offshore wind event will bring very gusty east winds to the
terminal beginning late Monday afternoon, with occasional gusts
to around 50 kt expected late this evening through tonight. Very
strong low level wind shear on the order of 30-50 kt over
1000-2000 feet will likely be present over the terminal for much
of the night. -TK/DDH

&&

.MARINE...High pressure will persist across the northeast
Pacific today. Winds will decrease somewhat Mon morning,
especially for the inner waters, but square seas are still
expected over the outer waters through Mon evening. Therefore,
will extend the small craft advisory over the outer waters
through Monday afternoon for steep and choppy seas.

An unusually strong and impressive offshore wind event is
expected to unfold Monday evening through Monday night. Easterly
wind gusts between 25 and 35 kt should be fairly widespread
across the waters, with pockets of stronger Gale Force wind gusts
possible downwind of the coastal river gaps such as the mouth of
the Columbia River, Tillamook Bay, and Yaquina Bay. This will
bring another round of steep, choppy seas, especially over the
outer waters. Have issued a small craft advisory for the inner
waters beginning 00Z Tue, and continued for it for the outside
waters, through 12Z. Later shifts may determine that a Gale
watch might be needed for Tues morning.

Offshore flow should weaken Tuesday night into Wednesday as the
tight surface pressure gradient begins to subside. This should
result in winds falling below advisory thresholds and seas
dropping below 5 ft. By late Wednesday, low pressure is forecast
to drift off the Oregon coast and bring southerly winds across
the waters Thursday into Friday. DDH/Neuman

&&

.PQR WATCHES/WARNINGS/ADVISORIES...
OR...Red Flag Warning until 8 PM PDT Wednesday for Central Oregon
     Cascade Foothills-Central Oregon Coast-East Slopes of the
     Central Oregon Coast Range-Mt. Hood National Forest West
     of Cascade Crest-North Oregon Cascade Foothills-North
     Oregon Coast-North Oregon Coast Range-Willamette National
     Forest-Willamette Valley.

     High Wind Warning from 5 PM this afternoon to 1 PM PDT Tuesday
     for Coast Range of Northwest Oregon-Greater Portland Metro
     Area-North Oregon Coast-Northern Oregon Cascade Foothills-
     Northern Oregon Cascades.

     Heat Advisory from 4 PM this afternoon to 11 PM PDT Tuesday for
     Central Coast Range of Western Oregon-Central Oregon Coast-
     North Oregon Coast.

WA...Red Flag Warning until 8 PM PDT Wednesday for Clark County
     Lowlands-East Willapa Hills-Eastern Gifford Pinchot
     National Forest Mt Adams Ranger District-Extreme South
     Washington Cascades and Foothills-South Washington Coast
     and West Willapa Hills.

     High Wind Warning from 5 PM this afternoon to 1 PM PDT Tuesday
     for Greater Vancouver Area-South Washington Cascade
     Foothills-South Washington Cascades.

PZ...Small Craft Advisory until 5 AM PDT Tuesday for coastal waters
     from Cape Shoalwater WA to Florence OR from 10 to 60 NM.

     Small Craft Advisory from 5 PM this afternoon to 5 AM PDT
     Tuesday for coastal waters from Cape Shoalwater WA to
     Florence OR out 10 NM.

&&

Interact with us via social media:
www.facebook.com/NWSPortland
www.twitter.com/NWSPortland

Event by event

11 wildfire. Local standard time, as filed.

Wildfire, North Oregon Cascades Foothills

When
September 7, 11:45 AM PST to September 30, 11:59 PM PST
Where
North Oregon Cascades Foothills forecast zone
Deaths
5 direct, 0 indirect
Injuries
0 direct, 10 indirect
Reported by
Other Federal Agency

The Beachie Creek wildfire started around 1100PDT on August 16, 2020 in Marion county, OR at coordinates 44.821, -122.188. The fire grew to approximately 193,500 acres before being declared officially under control on December 2, 2020. Destroyed were 486 residential homes, 36 non-residential commercial properties, 801 other minor structures. There were 160 structures damaged. Affected were the towns of Mill City, Gates, Lyons, and Detroit. During this conflagration 33388 people were evacuated, 5 citizens were fatally injured; and 2 citizens and 8 responders were injured. The cause of the fire is unknown. This fire is also known as the Santiam Fire.

Wildfire, North Oregon Cascades

When
September 7, 11:45 AM PST to September 30, 11:59 PM PST
Where
North Oregon Cascades forecast zone
Reported by
Other Federal Agency

The Beachie Creek wildfire started around 1100PDT on August 16, 2020 in Marion county, OR at coordinates 44.821, -122.188. The fire grew to approximately 193,500 acres before being declared officially under control on December 2, 2020. Destroyed were 486 residential homes, 36 non-residential commercial properties, 801 other minor structures. There were 160 structures damaged. Affected were the towns of Mill City, Gates, Lyons and Detroit. During this conflagration 33388 people were evacuated, 5 citizens were fatally injured; and 2 citizens and 8 responders were injured. The cause of the fire is unknown.

Wildfire, Cascade Foothills in Lane County

When
September 7, 8:20 PM PST to September 30, 11:59 PM PST
Where
Cascade Foothills in Lane County forecast zone
Deaths
1 direct, 0 indirect
Injuries
0 direct, 6 indirect
Reported by
Other Federal Agency

The Holiday Farm wildfire started around 2020PDT on September 7, 2020 in Lane county, OR at coordinates 44.172, -122.231. The fire grew to approximately 173,400 acres before being officially declared under control on January 6, 2021. Destroyed were 431 residences, 24 non-residential commercial properties, 313 other minor structures. There were 65 structures damaged. Affected were the towns of Blue River, Vida, Nimrod; areas west of McKenzie Bridge; areas surrounding Leaburg; as well as a small part of Linn county. During this conflagration approximately 800 people were evacuated, 1 citizen was fatally injured, and 6 responders were injured. The cause of the fire is unknown.

Wildfire, Cascades in Lane County

When
September 7, 8:20 PM PST to September 30, 11:59 PM PST
Where
Cascades in Lane County forecast zone
Deaths
1 direct, 0 indirect
Injuries
0 direct, 6 indirect
Reported by
Other Federal Agency

The Holiday Farm wildfire started around 2020PDT on September 7, 2020 in Lane county, OR. The fire grew to approximately 173,400 acres before being brought under control on January 6, 2021. Destroyed were 431 residences, 24 non-residential commercial properties, 313 other minor structures. Damaged were 65 structures. Affected were the towns of Blue River, Vida, Nimrod; areas west of McKenzie Bridge; and areas surrounding Leaburg. During this conflagration approximately 800 people were evacuated, 1 citizen was fatally injured, and 6 responders were injured. The cause of the fire is unknown.

Wildfire, North Oregon Cascades Foothills

When
September 7, 8:20 PM PST to September 30, 11:59 PM PST
Where
North Oregon Cascades Foothills forecast zone
Reported by
Other Federal Agency

The Holiday Farm wildfire started around 2020PDT on September 7, 2020 in Lane county, OR at coordinates 44.172, -122.231. The fire grew to approximately 173,400 acres before being officially declared under control on January 6, 2021. Destroyed were 431 residences, 24 non-residential commercial properties, 313 other minor structures. There were 65 structures damaged. Affected were the towns of Blue River, Vida, Nimrod; areas west of McKenzie Bridge; areas surrounding Leaburg; as well as a small part of Linn county. During this conflagration approximately 800 people were evacuated, 1 citizen was fatally injured, and 6 responders were injured. The cause of the fire is unknown.

Wildfire, North Oregon Cascades

When
September 7, 8:20 PM PST to September 30, 11:59 PM PST
Where
North Oregon Cascades forecast zone
Reported by
Other Federal Agency

The Holiday Farm wildfire started around 2020PDT on September 7, 2020 in Lane county, OR at coordinates 44.172, -122.231. The fire grew to approximately 173,400 acres before being officially declared under control on January 6, 2021. Destroyed were 431 residences, 24 non-residential commercial properties, 313 other minor structures. There were 65 structures damaged. Affected were the towns of Blue River, Vida, Nimrod; areas west of McKenzie Bridge; areas surrounding Leaburg; as well as a small part of Linn county. During this conflagration approximately 800 people were evacuated, 1 citizen was fatally injured, and 6 responders were injured. The cause of the fire is unknown.

Wildfire, North Oregon Cascades

When
September 7, 11:30 PM PST to September 30, 11:59 PM PST
Where
North Oregon Cascades forecast zone
Injuries
0 direct, 10 indirect
Reported by
Other Federal Agency

The Lionshead fire crossed into the NWS Portland CWA around 2330PDT on September 7, 2020. The fire spread into eastern Marion county, OR and small parts of Linn & Clackamas counties and grew to approximately 110,000 acres before merging with the Beachie Creek fire. Destroyed were 264 residences, 14 non-residential commercial properties, and 2 other structures. An additional 70 structures were damaged. Towns affected were Detroit, Idanha, and Breitenbush Springs resort. There were 147 people evacuated, 10 first responders injured and no fatalities. The fire was started by lightning and was declared contained on Nov 16, 2020.

Wildfire, Central Oregon Coast

When
September 7, 11:45 PM PST to September 30, 6:00 PM PST
Where
Central Oregon Coast forecast zone
Injuries
1 direct, 0 indirect
Reported by
Emergency Manager

The Echo Mountain Complex wildfire started around 2345PDT on September 7, 2020 in Lincoln County, OR, near Lat/Lon 45.015N, -123.903W. The wildfire grew to approximately 2,550 acres before being declared officially contained on September 30, 2020. This wildfire resulted in 293 total structures lost, 22 structures damaged, and 160 residences significantly damaged. There were 1339 people evacuated at some point during the wildfire, and 1 first responder was injured. Towns that experienced wildfire damage included Otis, Neotsu, and Rose Lodge.

Wildfire, Central Coast Range of W Oregon

When
September 7, 11:45 PM PST to September 30, 11:59 PM PST
Where
Central Coast Range of W Oregon forecast zone
Reported by
Other Federal Agency

The Echo Mountain Complex wildfire started around 2345PDT on September 7, 2020 in Lincoln County, OR, near Lat/Lon 45.015N, -123.903W. The wildfire grew to approximately 2,550 acres before being declared officially contained on September 30, 2020. This wildfire resulted in 293 total structures lost, 22 structures damaged, and 160 residences significantly damaged. There were 1339 people evacuated at some point during the wildfire, and 1 first responder was injured. Towns that experienced wildfire damage included Otis, Neotsu, and Rose Lodge.

Wildfire, North Oregon Cascades Foothills

When
September 8, 12:00 AM PST to September 30, 11:59 PM PST
Where
North Oregon Cascades Foothills forecast zone
Injuries
0 direct, 5 indirect
Reported by
Other Federal Agency

The Riverside wildfire started around 0000PDT on September 8, 2020 in Clackamas county, OR at coordinates 45.049, -122.062. The fire grew to approximately 138,000 acres before being officially declared under control on December 3, 2020. Destroyed were 56 residences and 83 minor structures. There was damage to 19 structures. Affected were the communities of Estacada, Springwater, Dodge, Elwood, Colton, Fernwood, and Glen Avon. During this conflagration 75462 people were evacuated, 1 citizen and 4 first responders injured. The fire is believed to be human caused.

Wildfire, North Oregon Cascades

When
September 8, 12:00 AM PST to September 30, 11:59 PM PST
Where
North Oregon Cascades forecast zone
Reported by
Other Federal Agency

The Riverside wildfire started around 0000PDT on September 8, 2020 in Clackamas county, OR at coordinates 45.049, -122.062. The fire grew to approximately 138,000 acres before being officially declared under control on December 3, 2020. Destroyed were 56 residences and 83 minor structures. There was damage to 19 structures. Affected were the communities of Estacada, Springwater, Dodge, Elwood, Colton, Fernwood, and Glen Avon. During this conflagration 75462 people were evacuated, 1 citizen and 4 first responders injured. The fire is believed to be human caused.

The people who died

As the offices recorded each death: direct deaths were caused by the weather itself, indirect ones by something it set in motion.

EventDateAgeSexWhereKind
Wildfire, North Oregon Cascades Foothills2020-09-0771FemaleOutside/Open AreasDirect
Wildfire, North Oregon Cascades Foothills2020-09-0741MaleOutside/Open AreasDirect
Wildfire, North Oregon Cascades Foothills2020-09-0772MalePermanent HomeDirect
Wildfire, North Oregon Cascades Foothills2020-09-0713MaleVehicle/Towed TrailerDirect
Wildfire, North Oregon Cascades Foothills2020-09-0771FemaleVehicle/Towed TrailerDirect
Wildfire, Cascade Foothills in Lane County2020-09-0759MalePermanent HomeDirect
Wildfire, Cascades in Lane County2020-09-07UnknownDirect

What these are

Wildfire
A fire burning in wildland vegetation, with its acreage and damage where known.

After NWS Directive 10-1605, the rules offices file Storm Data by.

The same day elsewhere

More

Every storm in Oregon in 2020Every state in 2020This day in weather historyWarnings in Oregon, September 2020

Sources

NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information, Storm Events Database, compiled from the National Weather Service’s monthly Storm Data. Complete through 2026-06; NCEI adds each month about 75 days after it ends and revises past years a few times a year. Rebuilt 2026-09-24. Each event’s entry at NCEI: 929780, 935712, 929884, 929885, 935718, 935719, 931968, 929465, 935720, 935798, 935799.