June 13, 1888 Earthquake: Bohai Gulf, China
A magnitude 7.5 earthquake struck Bohai Gulf, China on June 13, 1888. It caused a tsunami.
Map
Where it struck, with the other significant earthquakes within 200 km. Circles are sized and colored by magnitude; select one for its page.
The earthquake
- Date
- June 13, 1888
- Place
- Bohai Gulf, China
- Magnitude
- 7.5 (Ms)
- Tsunami
- Yes: the tsunami it caused
- Epicenter
- 38.500° N, 119.000° E
- Country
- China
- Region
- East Asia
The toll
- Deaths
- Few (about 1 to 50)
- Damage
- Severe (about $5 to $25 million)
- Houses destroyed
- Many (101 to 1,000)
Where the literature gives no number, NCEI records a description on a scale of 1 to 4, printed here in its words. Damage is in millions of US dollars of the year of the event, not adjusted for inflation.
What the record says
NCEI’s account, from the sources it cites.
June 13, 1888, Bohai Gulf, 38.5 N, 119 E, magnitude 7.5.
Meizoseismal area: Bohai Gulf, no records available.
Luanxian: Countless houses were destroyed. The ground fissured at Lianggezhuang Village gushing out black water.
Changli: Most of the walls and houses collapsed. The
tip of the pagoda in the Yuanying Temple fell down.
Cangxian: Some houses and walls collapsed.
Wudi: Half of the pagoda of the Dajiaosi Temple toppled
down. The ground split with black water gushing out.
Yangxin: The north gate tower fell down. There were parts in the flat ground sinking as deep as wells. Meters-long fissures were also seen.
Huimin: Most houses collapsed.
Lijin: A great number of houses collapsed. A 1.3-1.7cm wide and 1,000 m long fissure occurred with black mud gushing out.
Yucheng: Some houses collapsed.
Zouping: A ground fissure about 0.3 m in width and
more than 3 m in length occurred.
Shouguang: River surged. Walls and houses collapsed.
Changyi: The ridge of the east gate tower fell down.
Zunhua: The city walls at the southeast corner of the
county seat collapsed more than 60 m long. The ground sunk at several places. The northeast corner tower was destroyed.
Tianjin: More than 100 houses collapsed. In some places no persons were wounded; some houses rocked violently, but did not give way. In Dagu pier, a storehouse collapsed at a corner, a chimney partly fell, and fissures occurred on walls and roofs.
Lulong: A section of the city walls fell down, and some
civilian houses collapsed.
Tangshan: Few weak buildings were destroyed. A number of gables cracked.
Qinhuangdao: One or two old mud houses split open, a few brick houses cracked.
Luannan: Many old partition walls (about 10%) in Xiexinzhuang Village collapsed.
Laoting: Many houses and walls (about 50%) in Shatao collapsed. Solid houses cracked. The ground fissured with ejection of water and sand. In south Gongguanying Village, many houses and courtyard walls collapsed, those left standing suffered from cracks.
Funing: Walls of old houses collapsed. A few houses
cracked. Some battlements on the north city walls fell under shaking. (Otber descriptions report wall falling for 30 m long or simply cracking and brick falling along the southern city wells.)
(above from reference #3939)
Sources NCEI cites
The publications NCEI lists for this record. The numbers match the “reference #” notes in its account above.
- #1048 Academia Sinica (1970). Catalog of Chinese Earthquakes; vol. I (1177 BC to 1900 AD) and vol. II (1901 to 1949). Institute of Geophysics, Peking, China. [in Chinese]
- #3939 Gu Gongxu, Zhou Wenfu, and Wang Renlong (eds.) (1989). Catalogue of Chinese Earthquakes (1831 B.C. - 1969 A.D.). Science Press, Beijing, China; English translation by Li Zengquan et al. provided through UNESCO, 872 pages.
- #1052 Lee, W.H.K., F.T. Wu, and C. Jacobsen (1976). A Catalog of Historical Earthquakes in China Compiled from Recent Chinese Publications. Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America, vol. 66, no. 6, December 1976, p. 2003-2016.
Other significant earthquakes nearby
Within 200 km, the deadliest first.
More
Significant earthquakes of 1888The 1800sRecent earthquakes near hereThis day in weather history
Sources
Significant earthquakes from NOAA’s National Centers for Environmental Information, Global Historical Hazard Database, cited as NCEI/WDS, doi:10.7289/V5PN93H7. Public domain. Read 2026-10-01. NCEI earthquake 2383.