Significant earthquakes of 1856

January 12, 1856 Earthquake: Tavira, Algarve, Portugal

January 12, 1856 · 2 deaths · 100 houses destroyed

An earthquake struck Tavira, Algarve, Portugal on January 12, 1856 at 10:20 UTC. It killed 2 people.

Map

Where it struck, with the other significant earthquakes within 200 km. Circles are sized and colored by magnitude; select one for its page.

The earthquake

Date
January 12, 1856
Time
10:20 UTC
Place
Tavira, Algarve, Portugal
Intensity
10 on the Modified Mercalli scale
Tsunami
None recorded
Epicenter
37.100° N, 8.000° W
Country
Portugal

The toll

Deaths
2
Damage
Moderate (about $1 to $5 million)
Houses destroyed
100

Where the literature gives no number, NCEI records a description on a scale of 1 to 4, printed here in its words. Damage is in millions of US dollars of the year of the event, not adjusted for inflation.

What the record says

NCEI’s account, from the sources it cites.

January 12, 1856, 11:20 (local time), Port Loule, Portugal, 37.1 N, 8 W, intensity VIII. (reference #1193)

January 12, 1856, intensity X, earthquake in Algarve, in particular in Tavira nearly 100 houses were ruined. (reference #1093)

January 12, 1856, Portugal (Algarve), Soule, faro, Albufeira and Tavira, intensity II which corresponds to buildings may be unroofed or shattered and some may fall, the ground may be badly cracked in places and small landslips occur. (reference #1055)

January 12, 1856, 11:20, Golfo de Cadiz, 36 45 N, 7 40 W, intensity VII to VIII. 2 deaths (reference #12773)

Other significant earthquakes nearby

Within 200 km, the deadliest first.

More

Significant earthquakes of 1856The 1800sRecent earthquakes near hereThis day in weather history

Sources

Significant earthquakes from NOAA’s National Centers for Environmental Information, Global Historical Hazard Database, cited as NCEI/WDS, doi:10.7289/V5PN93H7. Public domain. Read 2026-09-24. NCEI earthquake 7937.