Significant earthquakes of 1833

December 7, 1833 Earthquake: NW, Honshu, Japan

December 7, 1833 · M7.4 · 85 deaths · 1,140 houses destroyed

A magnitude 7.4 earthquake struck NW, Honshu, Japan on December 7, 1833. It killed 85 people, counting the tsunami it caused.

Map

Where it struck, with the other significant earthquakes within 200 km. Circles are sized and colored by magnitude; select one for its page.

The earthquake

Date
December 7, 1833
Place
NW, Honshu, Japan
Magnitude
7.4 (Ms)
Epicenter
38.900° N, 139.150° E
Country
Japan

The toll

Deaths
35; 85 with its tsunami and other effects
Damage
Severe (about $5 to $25 million)
Houses destroyed
540; 1,140 with its tsunami and other effects
Houses damaged
1,790

Where the literature gives no number, NCEI records a description on a scale of 1 to 4, printed here in its words. Damage is in millions of US dollars of the year of the event, not adjusted for inflation.

What the record says

NCEI’s account, from the sources it cites.

Reference #414:

December 7, 1833, at 15:00-16:00 [local time] a strong shock was felt in the area from the southern part of the coast of Akita prefecture to Sado Island, and a tsunami was observed after the earthquake. Both the earthquake and the tsunami spread to the north to Hokkaido Island, and to the

south to Noto Peninsula.

The greatest destruction occurred at Karikawa. Tsuruoka, Oyama, Makisone, Yosida, Okushinden, and Hironoshinden were half destroyed. At Sakata and Utokawara, the homes were not destroyed, but some of them were damaged. In the Shonai region, in relation to the total number of structures, the destruction was very small. At Matsugasaki and other villages near Niigata, liquescence of the ground was observed. The zone of destruction and damage adjoined the coast. There was almost no destruction at a distance from the coastal zone, although the ground cracked. The tremors were rather strong on Sado Island; homes were destroyed at different points. On Hokkaido Island, the intensity of the earthquake was probably small, since no damage was reported. In all, 540 homes were totally destroyed and 1,790 were partly destroyed as a result of the earthquake. The tsunami, like the earthquake was strongest between Nezugaseki and Kamo. Epicenter 38.7 N, 139.2 E, magnitude 7.4

Reference #1068:

December 7, 1833, Uzen, Sado, 38.5 N, 139 E, 1,013 houses destroyed, 42 deaths.

Reference #150:

Epicenter 38.9 N 139.15 E, magnitude 7.4. Total 85 deaths. More than 879 houses destroyed. 48 deaths, 158 houses and 322 vessels washed away in Shonai area, 123 houses washed away in Sado.

Other significant earthquakes nearby

Within 200 km, the deadliest first.

More

Significant earthquakes of 1833The 1800sRecent earthquakes near hereThis day in weather history

Sources

Significant earthquakes from NOAA’s National Centers for Environmental Information, Global Historical Hazard Database, cited as NCEI/WDS, doi:10.7289/V5PN93H7. Public domain. Read 2026-09-24. NCEI earthquake 1765.