Holloman Air Force Base Frost Dates and Growing Season
Frost and the growing season
NOAA's 1991-2020 freeze probabilities for White Sands Natl Mon. A median date has an even chance of a later freeze in spring, or an earlier one in fall.
The last spring freeze typically comes around April 22 and the first fall freeze around October 22, a growing season of about 183 days.
- Median at 36°F
- last May 2, first October 15
- Median at 32°F
- last April 22, first October 22
- Median at 28°F
- last April 8, first October 31
Last freeze in spring
The chance of a later freeze than the date shown. At 10 percent, one spring in ten still freezes after the date; planting after the 10 percent date for 32°F is the cautious choice.
| Threshold | 10% | 20% | 30% | 40% | 50% | 60% | 70% | 80% | 90% |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 36°F | May 12 | May 9 | May 6 | May 4 | May 2 | Apr 30 | Apr 27 | Apr 24 | Apr 19 |
| 32°F | May 5 | Apr 30 | Apr 27 | Apr 24 | Apr 22 | Apr 19 | Apr 16 | Apr 12 | Apr 8 |
| 28°F | Apr 24 | Apr 19 | Apr 15 | Apr 11 | Apr 8 | Apr 5 | Apr 1 | Mar 28 | Mar 21 |
| 24°F | Apr 10 | Apr 4 | Apr 1 | Mar 27 | Mar 23 | Mar 19 | Mar 15 | Mar 11 | Mar 6 |
| 20°F | Mar 25 | Mar 19 | Mar 15 | Mar 11 | Mar 7 | Mar 4 | Feb 28 | Feb 25 | Feb 16 |
| 16°F | Mar 12 | Mar 6 | Mar 1 | Feb 26 | Feb 22 | Feb 17 | Feb 11 | Feb 4 | Jan 28 |
First freeze in fall
The chance of an earlier freeze than the date shown. At 10 percent, one fall in ten freezes before the date.
| Threshold | 10% | 20% | 30% | 40% | 50% | 60% | 70% | 80% | 90% |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 36°F | Oct 3 | Oct 6 | Oct 10 | Oct 13 | Oct 15 | Oct 17 | Oct 20 | Oct 22 | Oct 27 |
| 32°F | Oct 10 | Oct 14 | Oct 17 | Oct 20 | Oct 22 | Oct 25 | Oct 28 | Oct 31 | Nov 3 |
| 28°F | Oct 17 | Oct 22 | Oct 25 | Oct 28 | Oct 31 | Nov 2 | Nov 4 | Nov 7 | Nov 11 |
| 24°F | Oct 24 | Oct 30 | Nov 2 | Nov 5 | Nov 7 | Nov 10 | Nov 13 | Nov 16 | Nov 21 |
| 20°F | Nov 1 | Nov 6 | Nov 10 | Nov 13 | Nov 15 | Nov 19 | Nov 21 | Nov 26 | Dec 1 |
| 16°F | Nov 10 | Nov 14 | Nov 19 | Nov 23 | Nov 26 | Nov 29 | Dec 2 | Dec 6 | Dec 15 |
Growing season length
Days between the last spring and first fall freeze at each threshold, with the chance of a season at least that long.
| Threshold | 10% | 20% | 30% | 40% | 50% | 60% | 70% | 80% | 90% |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 36°F | 182 | 176 | 172 | 169 | 165 | 162 | 158 | 154 | 149 |
| 32°F | 201 | 195 | 191 | 186 | 183 | 180 | 175 | 171 | 164 |
| 28°F | 225 | 217 | 212 | 208 | 204 | 200 | 196 | 192 | 185 |
| 24°F | 249 | 242 | 237 | 232 | 227 | 222 | 217 | 213 | 206 |
| 20°F | 276 | 267 | 262 | 257 | 252 | 248 | 244 | 238 | 229 |
| 16°F | 307 | 297 | 289 | 283 | 278 | 271 | 265 | 259 | 252 |
How often it gets that cold
The share of years with at least one night at or below each temperature.
- 36°F or colder
- 100% of years
- 32°F or colder
- 100% of years
- 28°F or colder
- 100% of years
- 24°F or colder
- 100% of years
- 20°F or colder
- 100% of years
- 16°F or colder
- 100% of years
Degree days
A degree day is one degree of the daily mean temperature beyond a base, for one day. Heating degree days count cold (the fuel a house burns), cooling degree days heat, growing degree days the warmth a crop needs; each crop has its own base.
- Heating degree days, base 65°F
- 3,443
- Cooling degree days, base 65°F
- 1,827
- Growing degree days, base 40°F
- 7,754
- Growing degree days, base 45°F
- 6,244
- Growing degree days, base 50°F
- 4,904
- Growing degree days, base 55°F
- 3,728
- Growing degree days, base 60°F
- 2,705
Growing degree days by month, base 50°F
Heating and cooling by month
| Month | Heating DD | Cooling DD | Growing DD 50 |
|---|---|---|---|
| January | 784 | 0 | 5 |
| February | 564 | 0 | 27 |
| March | 398 | 2 | 134 |
| April | 181 | 29 | 311 |
| May | 36 | 166 | 596 |
| June | 1 | 416 | 865 |
| July | 0 | 502 | 967 |
| August | 0 | 439 | 904 |
| September | 11 | 236 | 675 |
| October | 165 | 36 | 347 |
| November | 511 | 1 | 67 |
| December | 794 | 0 | 8 |
What this means
NOAA computes these from the daily lows at the station over 1991-2020, fitting the dates of each year's last and first freeze to a distribution, so a date can be stated at any level of risk. 36°F is a frost risk for tender plants on a clear, calm night, since the ground cools below the air above it; 32°F is a freeze; 28°F is a hard freeze that kills most annuals.
The station is 10.2 km from Holloman Air Force Base. Low ground, valleys and open fields freeze earlier and later than a town center or a hillside.
More
Sources
NOAA NCEI U.S. Climate Normals, 1991-2020, annual and seasonal normals for station USC00299686 (White Sands Natl Mon). Public domain.