Alert archive / Illinois / Tornado Warnings in 2026
Tornado Warning 56, NWS Lincoln, IL
NWS Lincoln, IL issued this tornado warning at Apr 17, 2026, 8:39 PM CDT for McLean County, Tazewell County, Woodford County, Illinois. It was in force for 36 min. 4 reports came from inside the area while it was in force.
The area
The outline as issued, with what was reported inside it.
The facts
- Issued
- Apr 17, 2026, 8:39 PM CDT (01:39 UTC)
- Expired
- Apr 17, 2026, 9:15 PM CDT
- In force
- 36 min
- Issued by
- NWS Lincoln, IL
- Area
- Storm-based polygon
- Tornado
- Observed
- Hail
- 0.75 in
Counties McLean County, IL, Tazewell County, IL, Woodford County, IL
The radar
The Lincoln radar (KILX), 52 km from the middle of the area, began a volume at 01:43 UTC, the scan nearest the moment this went out.
Open the radar archive at this moment
The archived warnings, watches and discussions in force at that minute are drawn over the scan, this one among them.
What was reported inside it
| Time | Report | Where | Remark |
|---|---|---|---|
| Apr 17, 8:46 PM CDT | TSTM WND DMG | 1 Se Deer Creek, IL | A semi was blown over on I-74 near mile marker 108. |
| Apr 17, 8:48 PM CDT | TORNADO | 4 E Mackinaw, IL | EF2, max wind speed 115 mph, path length 2 mi. The tornado touched down along Runyon Rd about a half mile west of the Tazewell-McLean County line. It cause extensive damage to that area, snapping off 7 large power poles and causing damage to several outbuildin |
| Apr 17, 8:50 PM CDT | TSTM WND DMG | 4 E Mackinaw, IL | [Delayed Report] - Power pole blown over with structural damage to a large farm outbuilding. Possible tornado. Time estimated by radar. |
| Apr 17, 8:53 PM CDT | TSTM WND DMG | Carlock, IL | Multiple trees and power lines were blown down. |
Local storm reports filed while the alert was in force, from inside its polygon or its counties.
Did it verify
Verified. The Iowa Environmental Mesonet's Cow matched one storm report to this tornado warning; the first came 9 minutes after it went out.
Cow counts a report within 15 km of the polygon while the warning was in force: a tornado for a tornado warning; hail of 1 inch or more, a gust of 58 mph or more or wind damage for a severe thunderstorm warning; a flash flood report for a flash flood warning.
The watch it was issued in
The SPC watch in force over the same counties when this warning went out.
| Issued | Product | Office | Lasted |
|---|---|---|---|
| Apr 17, 3:31 PM CDT | Tornado Watch | SPC | 8 hr |
The nearest sounding before it
Lincoln, IL (KILX), launched 00:00Z, 1.7 hours before the alert went out and 76 km from the middle of its area. This is the routine balloon launch nearest before it, the air the forecaster had in hand, not a measurement taken for the alert.
- Mixed-layer CAPE
- 1309 J/kg
- Mixed-layer CIN
- -103 J/kg
- Mixed-layer LCL
- 1221 m above ground
- 0-6 km bulk shear
- 51 kt
- 0-1 km storm-relative helicity
- 212 m²/s²
- 0-3 km storm-relative helicity
- 264 m²/s²
- Significant tornado parameter
- 0.8
- Supercell composite
- 8.2
The text
As transmitted.
691
WFUS53 KILX 180139
TORILX
ILC113-179-203-180215-
/O.NEW.KILX.TO.W.0056.260418T0139Z-260418T0215Z/
BULLETIN - EAS ACTIVATION REQUESTED
Tornado Warning
National Weather Service Lincoln IL
839 PM CDT Fri Apr 17 2026
The National Weather Service in Lincoln has issued a
* Tornado Warning for...
Southeastern Woodford County in central Illinois...
Northeastern Tazewell County in central Illinois...
Northwestern McLean County in central Illinois...
* Until 915 PM CDT.
* At 839 PM CDT, a tornado producing storm was located over Morton,
moving east at 50 mph.
HAZARD...Damaging tornado.
SOURCE...Radar confirmed tornado.
IMPACT...Flying debris will be dangerous to those caught without
shelter. Mobile homes will be damaged or destroyed.
Damage to roofs, windows, and vehicles will occur. Tree
damage is likely.
* This tornadic storm will be near...
Goodfield and Deer Creek around 845 PM CDT.
Congerville around 850 PM CDT.
Other locations in the path of this tornadic thunderstorm include
Secor and El Paso.
This includes the following highways...
Interstate 155 between mile markers 26 and 31.
Interstate 39 between mile markers 4 and 21.
Interstate 74 between mile markers 100 and 122.
PRECAUTIONARY/PREPAREDNESS ACTIONS...
To repeat, a tornado is on the ground. TAKE COVER NOW! Move to a
basement or an interior room on the lowest floor of a sturdy
building. Avoid windows. If you are outdoors, in a mobile home, or in
a vehicle, move to the closest substantial shelter and protect
yourself from flying debris.
&&
LAT...LON 4049 8946 4062 8952 4085 8900 4061 8884
TIME...MOT...LOC 0139Z 247DEG 44KT 4058 8944
TORNADO...OBSERVED
MAX HAIL SIZE...<.75 IN
$$
252 follow-up statements
263
WWUS53 KILX 180158
SVSILX
Severe Weather Statement
National Weather Service Lincoln IL
858 PM CDT Fri Apr 17 2026
ILC179-180207-
/O.CAN.KILX.TO.W.0056.000000T0000Z-260418T0215Z/
Tazewell-
858 PM CDT Fri Apr 17 2026
...THE TORNADO WARNING FOR NORTHEASTERN TAZEWELL COUNTY IS
CANCELLED...
The tornadic thunderstorm which prompted the warning has moved out
of the warned area. Therefore, the warning has been cancelled.
A Tornado Watch remains in effect until 1100 PM CDT for central
Illinois.
&&
LAT...LON 4054 8920 4077 8918 4085 8900 4061 8884
TIME...MOT...LOC 0157Z 253DEG 46KT 4063 8911
$$
ILC113-203-180215-
/O.CON.KILX.TO.W.0056.000000T0000Z-260418T0215Z/
Woodford-McLean-
858 PM CDT Fri Apr 17 2026
...A TORNADO WARNING REMAINS IN EFFECT UNTIL 915 PM CDT FOR
SOUTHEASTERN WOODFORD AND NORTHWESTERN MCLEAN COUNTIES...
At 857 PM CDT, a severe squall line capable of producing both
tornadoes and extensive straight line wind damage was located near
Carlock, or 9 miles northwest of Normal, moving east at 55 mph.
HAZARD...Tornado.
SOURCE...Radar indicated rotation.
IMPACT...Flying debris will be dangerous to those caught without
shelter. Mobile homes will be damaged or destroyed. Damage
to roofs, windows, and vehicles will occur. Tree damage is
likely.
These dangerous storms will be near...
Hudson around 905 PM CDT.
Other locations impacted by this tornadic thunderstorm include Panola
and Kappa.
This includes the following highways...
Interstate 39 between mile markers 4 and 21.
Interstate 74 between mile markers 117 and 122.
PRECAUTIONARY/PREPAREDNESS ACTIONS...
TAKE COVER NOW! Move to a basement or an interior room on the lowest
floor of a sturdy building. Avoid windows. If you are outdoors, in a
mobile home, or in a vehicle, move to the closest substantial shelter
and protect yourself from flying debris.
&&
LAT...LON 4054 8920 4077 8918 4085 8900 4061 8884
TIME...MOT...LOC 0157Z 253DEG 46KT 4063 8911
TORNADO...RADAR INDICATED
MAX HAIL SIZE...<.75 IN
$$
25712 WWUS53 KILX 180213 RRA SVSILX Severe Weather Statement National Weather Service Lincoln IL 913 PM CDT Fri Apr 17 2026 ILC113-203-180223- /O.EXP.KILX.TO.W.0056.000000T0000Z-260418T0215Z/ Woodford-McLean- 913 PM CDT Fri Apr 17 2026 ...THE TORNADO WARNING FOR SOUTHEASTERN WOODFORD AND NORTHWESTERN MCLEAN COUNTIES WILL EXPIRE AT 915 PM CDT... The storm which prompted the warning has moved out of the area. Therefore, the warning will be allowed to expire. A Tornado Watch remains in effect until 1100 PM CDT for central Illinois. To report severe weather, contact your nearest law enforcement agency. They will relay your report to the National Weather Service Lincoln. && LAT...LON 4054 8920 4077 8918 4085 8900 4061 8884 TIME...MOT...LOC 0213Z 247DEG 44KT 4070 8889 $$ 25
What forecasters said that day
The local office's own words before this tornado warning went out, as it sent them, from the Iowa Environmental Mesonet's archive of National Weather Service text.
NWS Lincoln, IL wrote its last area forecast discussion before this tornado warning went out at Apr 17, 6:22 PM CDT, 2 hours 17 minutes earlier. Its key messages:
- An intense, multi-hazard severe thunderstorm event appears likely this evening into tonight. Areas along and west of a Taylorville to Champaign line are in an Enhanced Risk (Level 3 of 5) of severe storms, while areas to the east are in a Slight Risk (Level 2 of 5). Storms are likely to impact areas west of I-55 between 5-9 PM, then spread east of I-55 late this evening.
- The storms could produce locally heavy rainfall of 2-4". Scattered instances of flooding are possible, especially in urban, low- lying, or other poor drainage areas. A Flood Watch has been issued for areas along and north of Shelby to Edgar County.
- Cooler air returns this weekend, and lows in the 30s may result in frost development both Saturday night and Sunday night.
Area forecast discussion, Apr 17, 6:22 PM CDT, 2 hours 17 minutes before
Area Forecast Discussion National Weather Service Lincoln IL 622 PM CDT Fri Apr 17 2026 .KEY MESSAGES... - An intense, multi-hazard severe thunderstorm event appears likely this evening into tonight. Areas along and west of a Taylorville to Champaign line are in an Enhanced Risk (Level 3 of 5) of severe storms, while areas to the east are in a Slight Risk (Level 2 of 5). Storms are likely to impact areas west of I-55 between 5-9 PM, then spread east of I-55 late this evening. - The storms could produce locally heavy rainfall of 2-4". Scattered instances of flooding are possible, especially in urban, low- lying, or other poor drainage areas. A Flood Watch has been issued for areas along and north of Shelby to Edgar County. - Cooler air returns this weekend, and lows in the 30s may result in frost development both Saturday night and Sunday night. && .DISCUSSION... Issued at 134 PM CDT Fri Apr 17 2026 *** Severe Storms Likely This Evening-Tonight *** The 'bottom line up front': the forecast largely remains on track, with an intense, multi-hazard severe thunderstom event this evening into tonight. Sfc low is positioned just north of Duluth, MN as of 18z/1pm, with the attendant cold front extending south near Minneapolis, MN, to Des Moines, IA, to Wichita KS. In the last hour, storms have erupted across eastern IA along a pre-frontal trough, which extends roughly from the IA/WI border to near Kirksville, MO. This is an evolution that CAMs highlighted in recent days. Locally, temps have pushed to near 80F while dewpoints are still in the mid 60s. Continued advection of the EML and deeper moisture content have led to instability rising over 2000 J/kg, and PWATs over 1.2". Vis satellite shows a Cu field quickly expanding across the ILX CWA, and any capping is weak or non- existent. Still, the best source of forcing in the short-term will be that pre-frontal trough noted to our north/west. For our area, isolated supercells cannot be ruled out this afternoon, and any mature storms that develop will pose a risk of all severe hazards. The more widespread severe threat is expected to come as the cold front approaches and upscale growth of thunderstorms occurs. As these storms move into IL, a highly unstable airmass will still be in place, with increasing low-level shear as the LLJ ramps up after 00z/7pm. This line of storms could produce scattered damaging winds, with gusts over 75 mph possible. Line- embedded tornadoes remain a concern, as 0-1km SRH values surge above 150 J/kg in response to the LLJ. CAM timing has not changed much from previous iterations, although there is some thought that cold pool dominant storm structures may surge east a smidge faster than CAMs currently suggest. Our latest thinking is that the line will impact areas west of I-55 between 5-8 PM, then continue east and reach portions of the I-57 corridor by 9- 10 PM. The main line of storms should reach the IL/IN border by about 05z/midnight CT. Scattered showers may linger for a few hours behind the main line of severe storms. *** Flooding Potential *** In light of recent rains and unseasonable PWATs (95th+ percentile) present with this system, concern is growing that at least scattered flash flooding will occur with tonight's storms. Despite the relatively progressive forward motion of the line, the last few cycles of HREF LPMM guidance have consistently highlighted an area roughly from the IL River to the I-72/Danville corridor where localized rainfall amounts of 2-4" are possible. 3-hr Flash Flood Guidance is less than 2" in most locations, and a recent mesoscale precipitation discussion from WPC notes storms will be highly efficient rainfall producers with rates of 1-2" per hour. A Flood Watch was issued to capture the counties where scattered instances of flooding seem most likely to arise. *** Rest of the Weekend *** Following tonight's FROPA, breezy northwest winds will persist into Sat. Highs are likely to be cooler over the weekend, in the 50s or low 60s. No major changes to the frost/freeze outlook for Saturday night and Sunday night. Frost chances could extend as far south as I- 70 both nights, but the chances for frost generally increase with northward extent. The gridded forecast reflects this. While some spots, particular those in low-lying areas, could drop below 32F, a widespread freeze appears unlikely. && .AVIATION /00Z TAFS THROUGH 00Z SUNDAY/... Issued at 620 PM CDT Fri Apr 17 2026 Line of TSRA present along the IL/IA border as of 2315z, moving west in time, with scattered TSRA ahead of the line. Main concern for this TAF period will be timing out the storms, which could bring severe wind gusts and large hail. Based on radar trends, slowed the timing by an hour or two at each terminal. Storms should be past CMI by 06z. These storms are associated with a front which will swing winds to northwesterly and a brief period of MVFR ceilings along/behind the front. Winds will remain gusty into Saturday, while ceilings improve and skies clear into the day. && .ILX WATCHES/WARNINGS/ADVISORIES... Flood Watch until 4 AM CDT Saturday for ILZ027>031-036>038- 040>057-061. && KEY MESSAGES...Erwin DISCUSSION...Erwin AVIATION...Erwin
Hazardous weather outlook, Apr 17, 3:07 PM CDT, 5 hours 32 minutes before
Hazardous Weather Outlook National Weather Service Lincoln IL 307 PM CDT Fri Apr 17 2026 ILZ027>031-036>038-040>045-047>054-061-181200- Knox-Stark-Peoria-Marshall-Woodford-Fulton-Tazewell-McLean-Schuyler- Mason-Logan-De Witt-Piatt-Champaign-Cass-Menard-Scott-Morgan- Sangamon-Christian-Macon-Moultrie-Shelby- 307 PM CDT Fri Apr 17 2026 This Hazardous Weather Outlook is for central Illinois, east central Illinois and west central Illinois. .DAY ONE...Tonight. Isolated thunderstorms are possible by mid to late afternoon and will be capable of producing damaging wind gusts up to 70 mph, large hail, and possibly a strong tornado. A line of thunderstorms will move across the area this evening and tonight. Damaging wind gusts over 75 mph will be the primary hazard, but an isolated tornado cannot be ruled out. Locally heavy rain is also possible. Minor flooding is ongoing or occurring along the Illinois River from Henry downstream. .DAYS TWO THROUGH SEVEN...Saturday through Thursday. Much colder air will bring the potential for patchy frost Saturday night and Sunday night. .SPOTTER INFORMATION STATEMENT... Spotter activation will likely be needed between 3 and 10 pm. Expected storm motion is toward the east-northeast around 45 to 50 mph. ILZ046-055>057-062-063-066>068-071>073-181200- Vermilion-Douglas-Coles-Edgar-Cumberland-Clark-Effingham-Jasper- Crawford-Clay-Richland-Lawrence- 307 PM CDT Fri Apr 17 2026 This Hazardous Weather Outlook is for east central Illinois and southeast Illinois. .DAY ONE...Tonight. A line of thunderstorms will move across the area this evening and tonight. Damaging wind gusts of 70 to 75 mph will be the primary hazard, but an isolated tornado cannot be ruled out. Locally heavy rain is also possible. .DAYS TWO THROUGH SEVEN...Saturday through Thursday. Much colder air will bring the potential for patchy frost Saturday night and Sunday night, especially north of I-70. .SPOTTER INFORMATION STATEMENT... Spotter activation will likely be needed between 8 pm and 1 am. Expected storm motion is toward the east-northeast around 45 to 50 mph. Auten
In the hours before
Local storm report, Apr 17, 6:56 PM CDT, 1 hour 43 minutes before
Preliminary Local Storm Report
National Weather Service Lincoln IL
656 PM CDT Fri Apr 17 2026
..TIME... ...EVENT... ...CITY LOCATION... ...LAT.LON...
..DATE... ....MAG.... ..COUNTY LOCATION..ST.. ...SOURCE....
..REMARKS..
0610 PM Hail 2 NNW Laura 40.95N 89.94W
04/17/2026 M1.25 Inch Peoria IL Trained Spotter
&&
BarnesLocal storm report, Apr 17, 7:18 PM CDT, 1 hour 21 minutes before
Preliminary Local Storm Report
National Weather Service Lincoln IL
718 PM CDT Fri Apr 17 2026
..TIME... ...EVENT... ...CITY LOCATION... ...LAT.LON...
..DATE... ....MAG.... ..COUNTY LOCATION..ST.. ...SOURCE....
..REMARKS..
0625 PM Hail Toulon 41.09N 89.86W
04/17/2026 M2.00 Inch Stark IL Public
photo shared on social media.
&&Local storm report, Apr 17, 7:22 PM CDT, 1 hour 17 minutes before
Preliminary Local Storm Report
National Weather Service Lincoln IL
722 PM CDT Fri Apr 17 2026
..TIME... ...EVENT... ...CITY LOCATION... ...LAT.LON...
..DATE... ....MAG.... ..COUNTY LOCATION..ST.. ...SOURCE....
..REMARKS..
0448 PM Tstm Wnd Dmg 5 W Beardstown 40.02N 90.52W
04/17/2026 Schuyler IL Emergency Mngr
Multiple farm buildings were flattened and
the roofs of a couple machine sheds were
torn off.
&&
BarnesLocal storm report, Apr 17, 8:03 PM CDT, 36 minutes before
Preliminary Local Storm Report
National Weather Service Lincoln IL
803 PM CDT Fri Apr 17 2026
..TIME... ...EVENT... ...CITY LOCATION... ...LAT.LON...
..DATE... ....MAG.... ..COUNTY LOCATION..ST.. ...SOURCE....
..REMARKS..
0756 PM Tstm Wnd Gst Lewistown 40.40N 90.16W
04/17/2026 E65 MPH Fulton IL Emergency Mngr
&&
BarnesLocal storm report, Apr 17, 8:19 PM CDT, 20 minutes before
Preliminary Local Storm Report
National Weather Service Lincoln IL
819 PM CDT Fri Apr 17 2026
..TIME... ...EVENT... ...CITY LOCATION... ...LAT.LON...
..DATE... ....MAG.... ..COUNTY LOCATION..ST.. ...SOURCE....
..REMARKS..
0816 PM Tornado 5 ENE Easton 40.27N 89.76W
04/17/2026 Mason IL Trained Spotter
Tornado on the ground with debris.
&&
BarnesLocal storm report, Apr 17, 8:32 PM CDT, 7 minutes before
Preliminary Local Storm Report
National Weather Service Lincoln IL
832 PM CDT Fri Apr 17 2026
..TIME... ...EVENT... ...CITY LOCATION... ...LAT.LON...
..DATE... ....MAG.... ..COUNTY LOCATION..ST.. ...SOURCE....
..REMARKS..
0811 PM Tstm Wnd Dmg 3 ESE Dunfermline 40.46N 89.98W
04/17/2026 Fulton IL Trained Spotter
Trees were blown down.
&&
BarnesThe office that day
Everything else NWS Lincoln, IL issued on the same UTC day.
| Issued | Product | Office | Counties | Lasted |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Apr 17, 7:05 PM CDT | Tornado Warning | ILX | Knox, Stark | 25 min |
| Apr 17, 7:13 PM CDT | Severe Thunderstorm Warning | ILX | Marshall, Peoria, Stark | 47 min |
| Apr 17, 7:21 PM CDT | Severe Thunderstorm Warning | ILX | Fulton, Knox | 54 min |
| Apr 17, 7:26 PM CDT | Severe Thunderstorm Warning | ILX | Cass, Fulton, Mason, Morgan, Schuyler, Scott | 34 min |
| Apr 17, 7:30 PM CDT | Tornado Warning | ILX | Marshall, Stark | 30 min |
| Apr 17, 7:36 PM CDT | Tornado Warning | ILX | Fulton | 24 min |
| Apr 17, 7:50 PM CDT | Tornado Warning | ILX | Knox, Marshall, Peoria, Stark | 40 min |
| Apr 17, 7:56 PM CDT | Tornado Warning | ILX | Fulton, Mason | 34 min |
| Apr 17, 7:58 PM CDT | Severe Thunderstorm Warning | ILX | Cass, Fulton, Knox, Marshall, Mason, Menard and 5 more | 49 min |
| Apr 17, 8:01 PM CDT | Tornado Warning | ILX | Marshall, Peoria, Stark | 29 min |
| Apr 17, 8:02 PM CDT | Tornado Warning | ILX | Fulton, Peoria, Tazewell | 28 min |
| Apr 17, 8:10 PM CDT | Tornado Warning | ILX | Mason, Tazewell | 35 min |
| Apr 17, 8:16 PM CDT | Severe Thunderstorm Warning | ILX | Cass, DeWitt, Logan, McLean, Mason, Menard and 2 more | 59 min |
| Apr 17, 8:19 PM CDT | Tornado Warning | ILX | Marshall, Peoria, Tazewell, Woodford | 41 min |
| Apr 17, 8:20 PM CDT | Tornado Warning | ILX | Logan, McLean, Mason, Tazewell | 40 min |
| Apr 17, 8:28 PM CDT | Tornado Warning | ILX | Logan, Mason, Menard | 32 min |
| Apr 17, 8:30 PM CDT | Severe Thunderstorm Warning | ILX | McLean, Marshall, Tazewell, Woodford | 45 min |
| Apr 17, 8:43 PM CDT | Tornado Warning | ILX | McLean, Tazewell, Woodford | 47 min |
| Apr 17, 8:53 PM CDT | Severe Thunderstorm Warning | ILX | Christian, Logan, Macon, Sangamon | 52 min |
| Apr 17, 8:54 PM CDT | Tornado Warning | ILX | Marshall, Woodford | 21 min |
| Apr 17, 9:00 PM CDT | Severe Thunderstorm Warning | ILX | DeWitt, McLean, Piatt | 45 min |
| Apr 17, 9:01 PM CDT | Tornado Warning | ILX | McLean | 44 min |
| Apr 17, 9:08 PM CDT | Tornado Warning | ILX | DeWitt, Logan, McLean, Macon, Piatt | 37 min |
| Apr 17, 9:27 PM CDT | Severe Thunderstorm Warning | ILX | Macon, Piatt | 48 min |
| Apr 17, 9:37 PM CDT | Severe Thunderstorm Warning | ILX | Champaign | 38 min |
| Apr 17, 9:42 PM CDT | Areal Flood Advisory | ILX | Peoria | 3 hr |
| Apr 17, 9:42 PM CDT | Severe Thunderstorm Warning | ILX | Piatt | 18 min |
| Apr 17, 9:42 PM CDT | Tornado Warning | ILX | Champaign, Piatt | 48 min |
| Apr 17, 9:46 PM CDT | Severe Thunderstorm Warning | ILX | Champaign, Douglas, Moultrie, Piatt | 44 min |
| Apr 17, 10:11 PM CDT | Severe Thunderstorm Warning | ILX | Vermilion | 49 min |
| Apr 17, 10:15 PM CDT | Severe Thunderstorm Warning | ILX | Champaign | 19 min |
| Apr 17, 11:24 PM CDT | Special Weather Statement | ILX | Christian, Sangamon | 36 min |
| Apr 17, 11:54 PM CDT | Areal Flood Advisory | ILX | Sangamon | 2 hr |
| Apr 18, 1:48 PM CDT | Frost Advisory | ILX | Cass, Champaign, Christian, Clark, Clay, Coles and 29 more | 18 hr |
| Apr 18, 1:48 PM CDT | Freeze Watch | ILX | Champaign, DeWitt, Fulton, Knox, Logan, McLean and 8 more | 12 hr |
Nearby
Tornado Warnings in Illinois, 2026Every tornado warning in 2026Tornadoes in 2026
Sources
The product and its follow-ups from the Iowa Environmental Mesonet's archive of National Weather Service and Storm Prediction Center text; local storm reports from the same archive; the sounding from the Mesonet's radiosonde archive; radar from the NEXRAD Level II archive.