Alert archive / Texas / Tornado Warnings in 2026

Tornado Warning 17, NWS Austin/San Antonio, TX

July 15, 2026Frio County, Medina County, Texas

NWS Austin/San Antonio, TX issued this tornado warning at Jul 15, 2026, 6:23 AM CDT for Frio County, Medina County, Texas. It was in force for 38 min. No storm report in the archive falls inside the area while it was in force.

The area

The outline as issued.

The facts

Issued
Jul 15, 2026, 6:23 AM CDT (11:23 UTC)
Expired
Jul 15, 2026, 7:01 AM CDT
In force
38 min
Issued by
NWS Austin/San Antonio, TX
Area
Storm-based polygon
Tornado
Radar indicated
Hail
0.0 in

Counties Frio County, TX, Medina County, TX

The radar

The Laughlin AFB radar (KDFX), 104 km from the middle of the area, began a volume at 11:22 UTC, the scan nearest the moment this went out.

Open the radar archive at this moment

The archived warnings, watches and discussions in force at that minute are drawn over the scan, this one among them.

Did it verify

Not verified. The Iowa Environmental Mesonet's Cow found no qualifying storm report inside this tornado warning while it was in force. That is not proof nothing happened: reports are thin where few people live.

Cow counts a report within 15 km of the polygon while the warning was in force: a tornado for a tornado warning; hail of 1 inch or more, a gust of 58 mph or more or wind damage for a severe thunderstorm warning; a flash flood report for a flash flood warning.

The nearest sounding before it

Del Rio, TX (KDRT), launched 00:00Z, 11.4 hours before the alert went out and 160 km from the middle of its area. This is the routine balloon launch nearest before it, the air the forecaster had in hand, not a measurement taken for the alert.

Skew-T log-pSkew-T log-p diagram, Del Rio, TX at 00:00Z on 2026-07-15Temperature and dew point through the depth of the atmosphere, with the mixed-layer parcel. CAPE 53 joules per kilogram.LCLLFCEL10008507005003002001001 km2 km3 km6 km9 km12 km15 km-30°-20°-10°0°10°20°30°40°
Temperature in red, dew point in green, the mixed-layer parcel dashed.
HodographHodograph, Del Rio, TX at 00:00Z on 2026-07-15The wind through the lowest 10 kilometers. Zero to 1 km storm-relative helicity -22 square meters per square second.1939Sfc1 km3 km6 km9 kmRMLM
The wind turning with height, colored by layer: ground to 1 km, 1 to 3 km, 3 to 6 km, 6 to 10 km.
Mixed-layer CAPE
53 J/kg
Mixed-layer CIN
-57 J/kg
Mixed-layer LCL
567 m above ground
0-6 km bulk shear
30 kt
0-1 km storm-relative helicity
-22 m²/s²
0-3 km storm-relative helicity
60 m²/s²
Significant tornado parameter
0.0
Supercell composite
0.0

Open this sounding in Storm Lab

The text

As transmitted.

530 
WFUS54 KEWX 151123
TOREWX
TXC163-325-151215-
/O.NEW.KEWX.TO.W.0017.260715T1123Z-260715T1215Z/

BULLETIN - EAS ACTIVATION REQUESTED
Tornado Warning
National Weather Service Austin/San Antonio TX
623 AM CDT Wed Jul 15 2026

The National Weather Service in Austin San Antonio has issued a

* Tornado Warning for...
  South central Medina County in south central Texas...
  Northwestern Frio County in south central Texas...

* Until 715 AM CDT.

* At 623 AM CDT, a severe thunderstorm capable of producing a tornado
  was located over Frio Town, or 14 miles northwest of Pearsall,
  moving north at 15 mph.

  HAZARD...Tornado.

  SOURCE...Radar indicated rotation.

  IMPACT...Flying debris will be dangerous to those caught without 
           shelter. Mobile homes will be damaged or destroyed. 
           Damage to roofs, windows, and vehicles will occur.  Tree 
           damage is likely.

* This tornadic thunderstorm will remain over mainly rural areas of
  south central Medina and northwestern Frio Counties.

PRECAUTIONARY/PREPAREDNESS ACTIONS...

TAKE COVER NOW! Move to a basement or an interior room on the lowest
floor of a sturdy building. Avoid windows. If you are outdoors, in a
mobile home, or in a vehicle, move to the closest substantial shelter
and protect yourself from flying debris.

&&

LAT...LON 2895 9922 2899 9935 2920 9930 2914 9910
TIME...MOT...LOC 1123Z 198DEG 11KT 2902 9928 

TORNADO...RADAR INDICATED
MAX HAIL SIZE...0.00 IN

$$

05
3 follow-up statements
776 
WWUS54 KEWX 151137
SVSEWX

Severe Weather Statement
National Weather Service Austin/San Antonio TX
637 AM CDT Wed Jul 15 2026

TXC163-325-151215-
/O.CON.KEWX.TO.W.0017.000000T0000Z-260715T1215Z/
Medina TX-Frio TX-
637 AM CDT Wed Jul 15 2026

...A TORNADO WARNING REMAINS IN EFFECT UNTIL 715 AM CDT FOR SOUTH
CENTRAL MEDINA AND NORTHWESTERN FRIO COUNTIES...

At 637 AM CDT, a severe thunderstorm capable of producing a tornado
was located near Frio Town, or 15 miles northwest of Pearsall, moving
north at 15 mph.

HAZARD...Tornado.

SOURCE...Radar indicated rotation.

IMPACT...Flying debris will be dangerous to those caught without 
         shelter. Mobile homes will be damaged or destroyed. Damage 
         to roofs, windows, and vehicles will occur.  Tree damage is 
         likely.

Locations impacted include...
Frio Town and Yancey.

PRECAUTIONARY/PREPAREDNESS ACTIONS...

TAKE COVER NOW! Move to a basement or an interior room on the lowest
floor of a sturdy building. Avoid windows. If you are outdoors, in a
mobile home, or in a vehicle, move to the closest substantial shelter
and protect yourself from flying debris.

&&

LAT...LON 2898 9922 2901 9933 2920 9930 2914 9910
TIME...MOT...LOC 1137Z 198DEG 11KT 2906 9926 

TORNADO...RADAR INDICATED
MAX HAIL SIZE...0.00 IN

$$

05
361 
WWUS54 KEWX 151150
SVSEWX

Severe Weather Statement
National Weather Service Austin/San Antonio TX
650 AM CDT Wed Jul 15 2026

TXC163-151200-
/O.CAN.KEWX.TO.W.0017.000000T0000Z-260715T1215Z/
Frio TX-
650 AM CDT Wed Jul 15 2026

...THE TORNADO WARNING FOR NORTHWESTERN FRIO COUNTY IS CANCELLED...

The tornadic thunderstorm which prompted the warning has moved out 
of the warned area. Therefore, the warning has been cancelled.

LAT...LON 2920 9930 2914 9910 2909 9914 2909 9932
TIME...MOT...LOC 1150Z 198DEG 11KT 2910 9925 

$$

TXC325-151215-
/O.CON.KEWX.TO.W.0017.000000T0000Z-260715T1215Z/
Medina TX-
650 AM CDT Wed Jul 15 2026

...A TORNADO WARNING REMAINS IN EFFECT UNTIL 715 AM CDT FOR SOUTH
CENTRAL MEDINA COUNTY...

At 650 AM CDT, a severe thunderstorm capable of producing a tornado
was located near Frio Town, or 17 miles northwest of Pearsall, moving
north at 15 mph.

HAZARD...Tornado.

SOURCE...Radar indicated rotation.

IMPACT...Flying debris will be dangerous to those caught without 
         shelter. Mobile homes will be damaged or destroyed. Damage 
         to roofs, windows, and vehicles will occur.  Tree damage is 
         likely.

Locations impacted include...
Yancey.

PRECAUTIONARY/PREPAREDNESS ACTIONS...

TAKE COVER NOW! Move to a basement or an interior room on the lowest
floor of a sturdy building. Avoid windows. If you are outdoors, in a
mobile home, or in a vehicle, move to the closest substantial shelter
and protect yourself from flying debris.

&&

LAT...LON 2920 9930 2914 9910 2909 9914 2909 9932
TIME...MOT...LOC 1150Z 198DEG 11KT 2910 9925 

TORNADO...RADAR INDICATED
MAX HAIL SIZE...0.00 IN

$$

05
564 
WWUS54 KEWX 151201
SVSEWX

Severe Weather Statement
National Weather Service Austin/San Antonio TX
701 AM CDT Wed Jul 15 2026

TXC325-151211-
/O.CAN.KEWX.TO.W.0017.000000T0000Z-260715T1215Z/
Medina TX-
701 AM CDT Wed Jul 15 2026

...THE TORNADO WARNING FOR SOUTH CENTRAL MEDINA COUNTY IS
CANCELLED...

The storm which prompted the warning has weakened below severe
limits, and no longer appears capable of producing a tornado.
Therefore, the warning has been cancelled.  However gusty winds and
heavy rain are still possible with this thunderstorm.

LAT...LON 2920 9930 2914 9910 2909 9914 2909 9932
TIME...MOT...LOC 1158Z 198DEG 11KT 2913 9924 

$$

05

What forecasters said that day

The local office's own words before this tornado warning went out, as it sent them, from the Iowa Environmental Mesonet's archive of National Weather Service text.

NWS Austin/San Antonio, TX wrote its last area forecast discussion before this tornado warning went out at Jul 15, 1:36 AM CDT, 4 hours 47 minutes earlier. Its key messages:

  • Updated at 124 AM CDT Wed Jul 15 2026
  • The forecast remains relatively unchanged with intense rain rates and compounding effects from multiple rounds of storms resulting in a dangerous flash flooding threat through Thursday.
  • Considerable to locally catastrophic impacts from flash flooding are likely for portions of the U.S. 90 corridor west of San Antonio, including the southern Edwards Plateau and Rio Grande.
  • Pockets of an additional 10 to 20 inches of rain are possible within the highest risk areas, with broader totals of 2 to 6 inches.
  • Potential for significant downstream river flooding in the Pecos, Rio Grande, Nueces, Frio, Medina, and San Antonio river basins.
  • Heed instructions from local officials and be prepared to seek higher ground if necessary.
Area forecast discussion, Jul 15, 1:36 AM CDT, 4 hours 47 minutes before
Area Forecast Discussion
National Weather Service Austin/San Antonio TX
136 AM CDT Wed Jul 15 2026

...New SHORT TERM, LONG TERM...

.KEY MESSAGES...
Updated at 124 AM CDT Wed Jul 15 2026

- The forecast remains relatively unchanged with intense rain rates
and compounding effects from multiple rounds of storms resulting in
a dangerous flash flooding threat through Thursday.

- Considerable to locally catastrophic impacts from flash flooding
are likely for portions of the U.S. 90 corridor west of San Antonio,
including the southern Edwards Plateau and Rio Grande.

- Pockets of an additional 10 to 20 inches of rain are possible
within the highest risk areas, with broader totals of 2 to 6 inches.

- Potential for significant downstream river flooding in the Pecos,
Rio Grande, Nueces, Frio, Medina, and San Antonio river basins.

- Heed instructions from local officials and be prepared to seek higher
  ground if necessary.

&&

.SHORT TERM...
(Today through Thursday)
Issued at 124 AM CDT Wed Jul 15 2026

Torrential rainfall leading to significant flash flooding is ongoing
over portions of the southern Edwards Plateau and Rio Grande Plains
early this morning as storms have stalled generally along and south
of the Balcones Escarpment. High rain rates (up to 3-4 inches an
hour) along with slow moving and storms moving over the same areas
are bringing considerable flooding to these areas, particularly over
Uvalde County. A High Risk (level 4 of 4) for excessive rain
continues overnight for along the southern Edwards Plateau and
throughout the Highway 90 corridor west of San Antonio. Heavy rain
leading to flash flooding will be possible outside of this main
area, but generally be contained to where a Flash Flood Watch
continues through Thursday evening highlighting the potential for
life-threatening flash flooding. Additionally, significant
downstream river flooding to moderate or major flood stages continue
to be possible.

Storm activity is expected to continue through the overnight hours,
mainly east of a parked mesoscale convective vortex located over the
Rio Grande Plains and the influence from the low level jet. On top
of the flooding threat, hodographs show favorable profiles for brief
tornadoes in this regime with a few spin ups possible during the
overnight hours. Similar to yesterday, we may see a small break this
afternoon with thunderstorm activity before it ramps back up this
evening in conjunction with the strengthening low level jet. This
will keep the potential for considerable to locally catastrophic
flash flooding likely over areas again in a level 4 of 4 risk for
excessive rainfall-- very similar to the locations seen during this
overnight hour with the focus in the west over portions of the U.S
90 corridor west of San Antonio including the southern Edwards
Plateau and Rio Grande Plains. Models make it evident that pin-
pointing locations for the most extreme rainfall totals is still
difficult and will depend mainly on the location of the MCV and
orientation of the low level jet. On Thursday, the MCV is generally
favored to shift north and west which would shift the heavy rain
threat even further west than previous days though the potential for
additional flooding continues.

Rivers, creeks, and arroyos can rise suddenly and rapidly! Locally
dry conditions near creeks and rivers should not be treated as a
guarantee of your safety! Heed warnings, instructions from local and
county officials, and avoid unnecessary travel. Flash flooding can
be impossible to spot at night. Make sure you have multiple reliable
ways to receive warnings. If you are in a low-lying location or near
a stream, have a plan and have a route to reach higher ground if
needed.

Conditions can change drastically and suddenly. Have multiple
reliable ways to receive warnings and information from local/state
officials both in the daytime and at night.

&&

.LONG TERM...
(Thursday night through Tuesday)
Issued at 124 AM CDT Wed Jul 15 2026

The heavy rain potential continues Thursday night into Friday,
though it is favored further west as the MCV continues to shift west
as surface high pressure expands over the southern US into the Gulf.
WPC continues the level 3 of 4 risk for excessive rainfall Thursday
night into Friday as tropical moisture remains over the area mainly
over the southern Edwards Plateau though there is still some time
for the most favored locations to change as the overall set up
becomes more clear. Given our persistent wet pattern in earlier
days, it may not take much additional rainfall for any storms to
quickly produce flash flooding.

A decrease in PoPs is seen over eastern areas Friday and over much
of South Central Texas this weekend. That said, some guidance wants
to hang on to some rain chances, especially in the west during this
time so continue to keep up to date with the forecast. The return in
drier conditions will be met with the return of higher temperatures
with forecast highs back in the 90s for many locations early next
week.

&&

.AVIATION...
(06Z TAFS)
Issued at 1248 AM CDT Wed Jul 15 2026

Some minor adjustments to the forecast have been made based on
recent radar trends. Showers will fill in along I-35 over the next
few hours, with TSRA favored 10-16Z SAT and SSF and 14-19Z AUS. We
kept a mention of some early morning TSRA at DRT, with a break for
the late morning and early afternoon hours. With daytime heating,
another round of convection may develop at KDRT. We will continue
to monitor radar trends and hi-res models and refine the timing of
TSRA this morning.

&&

.PRELIMINARY POINT TEMPS/POPS...
Austin Camp Mabry              83  72  87  74 /  80  40  60  40
Austin Bergstrom Intl Airport  83  72  87  74 /  80  40  60  40
New Braunfels Muni Airport     82  71  86  73 /  90  50  60  40
Burnet Muni Airport            81  70  84  72 /  90  50  50  30
Del Rio Intl Airport           83  71  84  72 /  90  90  80  80
Georgetown Muni Airport        83  71  86  73 /  80  40  60  30
Hondo Muni Airport             82  70  83  72 /  90  70  70  60
San Marcos Muni Airport        84  71  86  73 /  80  40  60  40
La Grange - Fayette Regional   84  73  87  75 /  70  20  50  10
San Antonio Intl Airport       82  73  85  75 /  80  60  60  50
Stinson Muni Airport           83  73  86  75 /  80  60  60  40

&&

.EWX WATCHES/WARNINGS/ADVISORIES...
Flood Watch through Thursday evening for TXZ171>173-183>192-
202>207-217>219-228.

&&

SHORT TERM...27
LONG TERM....27
AVIATION...Platt

In the hours before

Special weather statement, Jul 15, 4:04 AM CDT, 2 hours 19 minutes before
Special Weather Statement
National Weather Service Austin/San Antonio TX
404 AM CDT Wed Jul 15 2026

TXZ184-202-150945-
Kinney TX-Edwards TX-
404 AM CDT Wed Jul 15 2026

...A strong thunderstorm will impact portions of northeastern Kinney
and south central Edwards Counties through 445 AM CDT...

At 404 AM CDT, Doppler radar was tracking a strong thunderstorm 8
miles west of Camp Wood, or 23 miles west of Leakey, moving northwest
at 10 mph.

HAZARD...Wind gusts up to 50 mph.

SOURCE...Radar indicated.

IMPACT...Gusty winds could knock down tree limbs and blow around
         unsecured objects.

This storm will remain over mainly rural areas of northeastern Kinney
and south central Edwards Counties.

PRECAUTIONARY/PREPAREDNESS ACTIONS...

If outdoors, consider seeking shelter inside a building.

Torrential rainfall is also occurring with this storm and may lead to
localized flooding. Do not drive your vehicle through flooded
roadways.

Frequent cloud to ground lightning is occurring with this storm.
Lightning can strike 10 miles away from a thunderstorm. Seek a safe
shelter inside a building or vehicle.

&&

LAT...LON 2972 10005 2971 10006 2971 10005 2969 10004
      2962 10001 2962 10011 2953 10011 2950 10018
      2973 10037 2985 10009
TIME...MOT...LOC 0904Z 153DEG 9KT 2963 10014

MAX HAIL SIZE...0.00 IN
MAX WIND GUST...50 MPH

05
Local storm report, Jul 15, 5:30 AM CDT, 53 minutes before
Preliminary Local Storm Report
National Weather Service Austin/San Antonio TX
530 AM CDT Wed Jul 15 2026

..TIME...   ...EVENT...      ...CITY LOCATION...     ...LAT.LON...
..DATE...   ....MAG....      ..COUNTY LOCATION..ST.. ...SOURCE....
            ..REMARKS..

0520 AM     Flash Flood      1 E Doss                30.44N 99.12W
07/15/2026                   Gillespie          TX   Emergency Mngr

            Emergency Manager reports 3 feet of water on
            Ranch to Market Road 648 near Doss.

&&

emp
Special weather statement, Jul 15, 6:00 AM CDT, 23 minutes before
Special Weather Statement
National Weather Service Austin/San Antonio TX
600 AM CDT Wed Jul 15 2026

TXZ203-151145-
Uvalde TX-
600 AM CDT Wed Jul 15 2026

...A strong thunderstorm will impact portions of northeastern Uvalde
County through 645 AM CDT...

At 600 AM CDT, Doppler radar was tracking a strong thunderstorm 7
miles northwest of Knippa, or 11 miles north of Uvalde, moving north
at 15 mph.

HAZARD...Wind gusts of 50 to 55 mph.

SOURCE...Radar indicated.

IMPACT...Gusty winds could knock down tree limbs and blow around
         unsecured objects.

Locations impacted include...
Concan, Garner State Park, Utopia, and Knippa.

PRECAUTIONARY/PREPAREDNESS ACTIONS...

If outdoors, consider seeking shelter inside a building.

Torrential rainfall is also occurring with this storm and may lead to
localized flooding. Do not drive your vehicle through flooded
roadways.

Frequent cloud to ground lightning is occurring with this storm.
Lightning can strike 10 miles away from a thunderstorm. Seek a safe
shelter inside a building or vehicle.

&&

LAT...LON 2934 9982 2963 9982 2963 9962 2961 9951
      2932 9962
TIME...MOT...LOC 1100Z 189DEG 14KT 2938 9972

MAX HAIL SIZE...0.00 IN
MAX WIND GUST...55 MPH

05

The office that day

Everything else NWS Austin/San Antonio, TX issued on the same UTC day.

IssuedProductOfficeCountiesLasted
Jul 14, 8:11 PM CDTFlash Flood Warning Considerable damage threatEWXBandera, Real20 hr
Jul 14, 10:43 PM CDTAreal Flood AdvisoryEWXBexar, Comal, Kendall2 hr
Jul 14, 11:02 PM CDTRiver Flood WarningEWXUvalde56 hr
Jul 14, 11:02 PM CDTRiver Flood WarningEWXUvalde46 hr
Jul 15, 1:07 AM CDTTornado WarningEWXUvalde23 min
Jul 15, 1:39 AM CDTFlash Flood Warning Considerable damage threatEWXEdwards, Kinney, Real40 hr
Jul 15, 2:30 AM CDTAreal Flood AdvisoryEWXGillespie, Kerr80 min
Jul 15, 2:46 AM CDTAreal Flood AdvisoryEWXMedina5 hr
Jul 15, 3:49 AM CDTFlash Flood Warning Considerable damage threatEWXGillespie, Kerr11 hr
Jul 15, 4:04 AM CDTSpecial Weather StatementEWXEdwards41 min
Jul 15, 5:25 AM CDTRiver Flood WarningEWXKinney, Uvalde49 hr
Jul 15, 5:41 AM CDTSevere Thunderstorm Warning Considerable damage threatEWXFrio, Medina64 min
Jul 15, 5:45 AM CDTTornado WarningEWXFrio, Medina45 min
Jul 15, 6:00 AM CDTSpecial Weather StatementEWXUvalde45 min
Jul 15, 6:07 AM CDTAreal Flood AdvisoryEWXFrio, Medina3 hr
Jul 15, 6:36 AM CDTFlash Flood Warning Considerable damage threatEWXMedina14 hr
Jul 15, 6:37 AM CDTRiver Flood WarningEWXBexar, Wilson60 hr
Jul 15, 6:42 AM CDTAreal Flood AdvisoryEWXBexar59 min
Jul 15, 7:20 AM CDTSevere Thunderstorm WarningEWXMedina40 min
Jul 15, 7:28 AM CDTSpecial Weather StatementEWXKendall47 min
Jul 15, 7:40 AM CDTFlash Flood Warning Considerable damage threatEWXBexar11 hr
Jul 15, 7:49 AM CDTSpecial Weather StatementEWXComal41 min
Jul 15, 7:49 AM CDTTornado WarningEWXBexar, Comal, Kendall41 min
Jul 15, 7:52 AM CDTFlash Flood Warning Considerable damage threatEWXMedina13 hr
Jul 15, 8:10 AM CDTSpecial Weather StatementEWXKendall50 min
Jul 15, 8:22 AM CDTFlash Flood Warning Considerable damage threatEWXBandera, Kendall29 hr
Jul 15, 9:00 AM CDTFlash Flood Warning Considerable damage threatEWXBexar, Guadalupe10 hr
Jul 15, 9:55 AM CDTFlash Flood Warning Considerable damage threatEWXBexar, Comal5 hr
Jul 15, 10:33 AM CDTFlash Flood Warning Considerable damage threatEWXBlanco, Gillespie, Hays5 hr
Jul 15, 12:11 PM CDTFlash Flood Warning EmergencyCatastrophic damage threatEWXKendall8 hr
Jul 15, 12:16 PM CDTRiver Flood WarningEWXBexar, Guadalupe32 hr
Jul 15, 12:42 PM CDTFlash Flood Warning EmergencyCatastrophic damage threatEWXMedina8 hr
Jul 15, 2:21 PM CDTRiver Flood WarningEWXMedina7 hr
Jul 15, 2:21 PM CDTRiver Flood WarningEWXKerr49 hr
Jul 15, 2:21 PM CDTRiver Flood WarningEWXMedina7 hr
Jul 15, 2:21 PM CDTRiver Flood WarningEWXKarnes, Wilson61 hr
Jul 15, 2:21 PM CDTRiver Flood WarningEWXKarnes3 days
Jul 15, 2:21 PM CDTRiver Flood WarningEWXKarnes, Wilson3 days
Jul 15, 2:21 PM CDTRiver Flood WarningEWXDimmit10 days
Jul 15, 2:33 PM CDTRiver Flood WarningEWXBlanco4 hr
Jul 15, 2:46 PM CDTAreal Flood AdvisoryEWXBexar, Comal7 hr
Jul 15, 3:48 PM CDTAreal Flood AdvisoryEWXBandera, Real3 hr
Jul 15, 4:04 PM CDTTornado WarningEWXBexar41 min
Jul 15, 5:35 PM CDTTornado WarningEWXBexar, Wilson40 min
Jul 15, 6:12 PM CDTTornado WarningEWXBexar, Guadalupe, Wilson10 min
Jul 15, 6:47 PM CDTAreal Flood AdvisoryEWXBexar3 hr
Jul 15, 6:48 PM CDTAreal Flood AdvisoryEWXBexar, Guadalupe3 hr

Nearby

Tornado Warnings in Texas, 2026Every tornado warning in 2026Tornadoes in 2026

Sources

The product and its follow-ups from the Iowa Environmental Mesonet's archive of National Weather Service and Storm Prediction Center text; the sounding from the Mesonet's radiosonde archive; radar from the NEXRAD Level II archive.