Alert archive / Texas / Flash Flood Warnings in 2026

Flash Flood Warning 74, NWS Austin/San Antonio, TX

July 15, 2026Bexar County, Comal County, Texas

NWS Austin/San Antonio, TX issued this flash flood warning at Jul 15, 2026, 9:55 AM CDT for Bexar County, Comal County, Texas. It was in force for 5 hr. 1 report came from inside the area while it was in force.

The area

The outline as issued, with what was reported inside it.

The facts

Issued
Jul 15, 2026, 9:55 AM CDT (14:55 UTC)
Expired
Jul 15, 2026, 2:46 PM CDT
In force
5 hr
Issued by
NWS Austin/San Antonio, TX
Area
Storm-based polygon
Damage threat
Considerable
Flood severity
None

Counties Bexar County, TX, Comal County, TX

The radar

The Austin/San Antonio radar (KEWX), 34 km from the middle of the area, began a volume at 14:54 UTC, the scan nearest the moment this went out.

Open the radar archive at this moment

The archived warnings, watches and discussions in force at that minute are drawn over the scan, this one among them.

What was reported inside it

TimeReportWhereRemark
Jul 15, 12:00 PM CDTFLASH FLOOD4 Ene New Braunfels, TXNumerous low water crossings closed across Comal County; including FM 1101 in New Braunfels along Alligator Creek. Time estimated via radar.

Local storm reports filed while the alert was in force, from inside its polygon or its counties.

Did it verify

Verified. The Iowa Environmental Mesonet's Cow matched one storm report to this flash flood warning; the first came 125 minutes after it went out.

Cow counts a report within 15 km of the polygon while the warning was in force: a tornado for a tornado warning; hail of 1 inch or more, a gust of 58 mph or more or wind damage for a severe thunderstorm warning; a flash flood report for a flash flood warning.

The nearest sounding before it

Del Rio, TX (KDRT), launched 12:00Z, 2.9 hours before the alert went out and 244 km from the middle of its area. This is the routine balloon launch nearest before it, the air the forecaster had in hand, not a measurement taken for the alert.

Skew-T log-pSkew-T log-p diagram, Del Rio, TX at 12:00Z on 2026-07-15Temperature and dew point through the depth of the atmosphere, with the mixed-layer parcel. CAPE 1182 joules per kilogram.LCLLFCEL10008507005003002001001 km2 km3 km6 km9 km12 km15 km-30°-20°-10°0°10°20°30°40°
Temperature in red, dew point in green, the mixed-layer parcel dashed.
HodographHodograph, Del Rio, TX at 12:00Z on 2026-07-15The wind through the lowest 10 kilometers. Zero to 1 km storm-relative helicity 71 square meters per square second.1939Sfc1 km3 km6 km9 kmRMLM
The wind turning with height, colored by layer: ground to 1 km, 1 to 3 km, 3 to 6 km, 6 to 10 km.
Mixed-layer CAPE
1182 J/kg
Mixed-layer CIN
-1 J/kg
Mixed-layer LCL
480 m above ground
0-6 km bulk shear
19 kt
0-1 km storm-relative helicity
71 m²/s²
0-3 km storm-relative helicity
143 m²/s²
Significant tornado parameter
0.0
Supercell composite
0.0

Open this sounding in Storm Lab

The text

As transmitted.

727 
WGUS54 KEWX 151455
FFWEWX
TXC029-091-152000-
/O.NEW.KEWX.FF.W.0074.260715T1455Z-260715T2000Z/
/00000.0.ER.000000T0000Z.000000T0000Z.000000T0000Z.OO/

BULLETIN - EAS ACTIVATION REQUESTED
Flash Flood Warning
National Weather Service Austin/San Antonio TX
955 AM CDT Wed Jul 15 2026

The National Weather Service in Austin/San Antonio has issued a

* Flash Flood Warning for...
  North Central Bexar County in south central Texas...
  Comal County in south central Texas...

* Until 300 PM CDT.

* At 955 AM CDT, Doppler radar indicated thunderstorms producing 
  heavy rain across the warned area. Between 1 and 3 inches of rain 
  have fallen. Additional rainfall amounts of 2 to 3 inches are 
  possible in the warned area. Flash flooding is ongoing or expected 
  to begin shortly.

  HAZARD...Life threatening flash flooding. Thunderstorms
           producing flash flooding.

  SOURCE...Radar.

  IMPACT...Life threatening flash flooding of creeks and streams,
           urban areas, highways, streets and underpasses.

* Some locations that will experience flash flooding include...
  San Antonio, New Braunfels, Schertz, Selma, Canyon Lake Dam, San 
  Antonio Int Airport, Canyon Lake, Fair Oaks Ranch, Bulverde, 
  Garden Ridge, Hollywood Park, Smithson Valley, Spring Branch, 
  Timberwood Park, Fischer, Guadalupe River State Park, Bergheim, 
  Hill Country Village, Startzville and Sattler.

PRECAUTIONARY/PREPAREDNESS ACTIONS...

Turn around, don't drown when encountering flooded roads. Most flood 
deaths occur in vehicles.

Move to higher ground now. Act quickly to protect your life.

Be aware of your surroundings and do not drive on flooded roads.

&&

LAT...LON 3004 9830 2985 9803 2975 9800 2968 9809
      2953 9848 2972 9850 2970 9865 2975 9866
      2975 9865

FLASH FLOOD...RADAR INDICATED
FLASH FLOOD DAMAGE THREAT...CONSIDERABLE

$$

05
1 follow-up statement
724 
WGUS74 KEWX 151946
FFSEWX

Flash Flood Statement
National Weather Service Austin/San Antonio TX
246 PM CDT Wed Jul 15 2026

TXC029-091-151956-
/O.CAN.KEWX.FF.W.0074.000000T0000Z-260715T2000Z/
/00000.0.ER.000000T0000Z.000000T0000Z.000000T0000Z.OO/
Bexar TX-Comal TX-
246 PM CDT Wed Jul 15 2026

...FLASH FLOOD WARNING FOR NORTH CENTRAL BEXAR AND COMAL COUNTIES 
HAS BEEN REPLACED WITH A FLOOD ADVISORY...

&&

LAT...LON 3004 9830 2985 9803 2975 9800 2968 9809
      2953 9848 2972 9850 2970 9865 2975 9866
      2975 9865

$$

27

What forecasters said that day

The local office's own words before this flash flood warning went out, as it sent them, from the Iowa Environmental Mesonet's archive of National Weather Service text.

NWS Austin/San Antonio, TX wrote its last area forecast discussion before this flash flood warning went out at Jul 15, 7:02 AM CDT, 2 hours 53 minutes earlier. Its key messages:

  • Updated at 637 AM CDT Wed Jul 15 2026
  • The forecast remains relatively unchanged with intense rain rates and compounding effects from multiple rounds of storms resulting in a dangerous flash flooding threat through Thursday.
  • Considerable to locally catastrophic impacts from flash flooding are likely for portions of the U.S. 90 corridor west of San Antonio, including the southern Edwards Plateau and Rio Grande.
  • Pockets of an additional 10 to 20 inches of rain are possible within the highest risk areas, with broader totals of 2 to 6 inches.
  • Potential for significant downstream river flooding in the Pecos, Rio Grande, Nueces, Frio, Medina, and San Antonio river basins.
  • Heed instructions from local officials and be prepared to seek higher ground if necessary.
Area forecast discussion, Jul 15, 7:02 AM CDT, 2 hours 53 minutes before
Area Forecast Discussion
National Weather Service Austin/San Antonio TX
702 AM CDT Wed Jul 15 2026

...New AVIATION...

.KEY MESSAGES...
Updated at 637 AM CDT Wed Jul 15 2026

- The forecast remains relatively unchanged with intense rain rates
and compounding effects from multiple rounds of storms resulting in
a dangerous flash flooding threat through Thursday.

- Considerable to locally catastrophic impacts from flash flooding
are likely for portions of the U.S. 90 corridor west of San Antonio,
including the southern Edwards Plateau and Rio Grande.

- Pockets of an additional 10 to 20 inches of rain are possible
within the highest risk areas, with broader totals of 2 to 6 inches.

- Potential for significant downstream river flooding in the Pecos,
Rio Grande, Nueces, Frio, Medina, and San Antonio river basins.

- Heed instructions from local officials and be prepared to seek higher
  ground if necessary.

&&

.SHORT TERM...
(Today through Thursday)
Issued at 124 AM CDT Wed Jul 15 2026

Torrential rainfall leading to significant flash flooding is ongoing
over portions of the southern Edwards Plateau and Rio Grande Plains
early this morning as storms have stalled generally along and south
of the Balcones Escarpment. High rain rates (up to 3-4 inches an
hour) along with slow moving and storms moving over the same areas
are bringing considerable flooding to these areas, particularly over
Uvalde County. A High Risk (level 4 of 4) for excessive rain
continues overnight for along the southern Edwards Plateau and
throughout the Highway 90 corridor west of San Antonio. Heavy rain
leading to flash flooding will be possible outside of this main
area, but generally be contained to where a Flash Flood Watch
continues through Thursday evening highlighting the potential for
life-threatening flash flooding. Additionally, significant
downstream river flooding to moderate or major flood stages continue
to be possible.

Storm activity is expected to continue through the overnight hours,
mainly east of a parked mesoscale convective vortex located over the
Rio Grande Plains and the influence from the low level jet. On top
of the flooding threat, hodographs show favorable profiles for brief
tornadoes in this regime with a few spin ups possible during the
overnight hours. Similar to yesterday, we may see a small break this
afternoon with thunderstorm activity before it ramps back up this
evening in conjunction with the strengthening low level jet. This
will keep the potential for considerable to locally catastrophic
flash flooding likely over areas again in a level 4 of 4 risk for
excessive rainfall-- very similar to the locations seen during this
overnight hour with the focus in the west over portions of the U.S
90 corridor west of San Antonio including the southern Edwards
Plateau and Rio Grande Plains. Models make it evident that pin-
pointing locations for the most extreme rainfall totals is still
difficult and will depend mainly on the location of the MCV and
orientation of the low level jet. On Thursday, the MCV is generally
favored to shift north and west which would shift the heavy rain
threat even further west than previous days though the potential for
additional flooding continues.

Rivers, creeks, and arroyos can rise suddenly and rapidly! Locally
dry conditions near creeks and rivers should not be treated as a
guarantee of your safety! Heed warnings, instructions from local and
county officials, and avoid unnecessary travel. Flash flooding can
be impossible to spot at night. Make sure you have multiple reliable
ways to receive warnings. If you are in a low-lying location or near
a stream, have a plan and have a route to reach higher ground if
needed.

Conditions can change drastically and suddenly. Have multiple
reliable ways to receive warnings and information from local/state
officials both in the daytime and at night.

&&

.LONG TERM...
(Thursday night through Tuesday)
Issued at 124 AM CDT Wed Jul 15 2026

The heavy rain potential continues Thursday night into Friday,
though it is favored further west as the MCV continues to shift west
as surface high pressure expands over the southern US into the Gulf.
WPC continues the level 3 of 4 risk for excessive rainfall Thursday
night into Friday as tropical moisture remains over the area mainly
over the southern Edwards Plateau though there is still some time
for the most favored locations to change as the overall set up
becomes more clear. Given our persistent wet pattern in earlier
days, it may not take much additional rainfall for any storms to
quickly produce flash flooding.

A decrease in PoPs is seen over eastern areas Friday and over much
of South Central Texas this weekend. That said, some guidance wants
to hang on to some rain chances, especially in the west during this
time so continue to keep up to date with the forecast. The return in
drier conditions will be met with the return of higher temperatures
with forecast highs back in the 90s for many locations early next
week.

&&

.AVIATION...
(12Z TAFS)
Issued at 637 AM CDT Wed Jul 15 2026

Radar trends favor TSRA at KSAT and KSSF early this morning, with
KAUS likely to fill in by mid-morning. Will hold off on a mention
of afternoon convection along I-35 as lingering clouds and post
rain stability should limit afternoon chances. Will mention
morning SHRA at DRT, with perhaps a better shot at TSRA during the
afternoon hours here.

&&

.PRELIMINARY POINT TEMPS/POPS...
Austin Camp Mabry              83  72  87  74 /  80  40  60  40
Austin Bergstrom Intl Airport  83  72  87  74 /  80  40  60  40
New Braunfels Muni Airport     82  71  86  73 /  90  50  60  40
Burnet Muni Airport            81  70  84  72 /  90  50  50  30
Del Rio Intl Airport           83  71  84  72 /  90  90  80  80
Georgetown Muni Airport        83  71  86  73 /  80  40  60  30
Hondo Muni Airport             82  70  83  72 /  90  70  70  60
San Marcos Muni Airport        84  71  86  73 /  80  40  60  40
La Grange - Fayette Regional   84  73  87  75 /  70  20  50  10
San Antonio Intl Airport       82  73  85  75 /  80  60  60  50
Stinson Muni Airport           83  73  86  75 /  80  60  60  40

&&

.EWX WATCHES/WARNINGS/ADVISORIES...
Flood Watch through Thursday evening for TXZ171>173-183>192-
202>207-217>219-228.

&&

SHORT TERM...27
LONG TERM....27
AVIATION...Platt

In the hours before

Special weather statement, Jul 15, 7:28 AM CDT, 2 hours 27 minutes before
Special Weather Statement
National Weather Service Austin/San Antonio TX
728 AM CDT Wed Jul 15 2026

TXZ189-205-151315-
Bexar TX-Kendall TX-
728 AM CDT Wed Jul 15 2026

...A strong thunderstorm will impact portions of southern Kendall and
northwestern Bexar Counties through 815 AM CDT...

At 728 AM CDT, Doppler radar was tracking a strong thunderstorm over
Cross Mountain, or 9 miles southeast of Boerne, moving north at 15
mph.

HAZARD...Wind gusts up to 50 mph.

SOURCE...Radar indicated.

IMPACT...Gusty winds could knock down tree limbs and blow around
         unsecured objects.

Locations impacted include...
San Antonio, Boerne, Helotes, Fair Oaks Ranch, Shavano Park, Cross
Mountain, Walnut Grove, Leon Springs, The Dominion, Kreutzberg,
Welfare, Nelson City, Bergheim, Government Canyon State Natural Area,
Grey Forest, Cascade Caverns, Fiesta Texas, and Scenic Oaks.

PRECAUTIONARY/PREPAREDNESS ACTIONS...

If outdoors, consider seeking shelter inside a building.

Torrential rainfall is also occurring with this storm and may lead to
localized flooding. Do not drive your vehicle through flooded
roadways.

Frequent cloud to ground lightning is occurring with this storm.
Lightning can strike 10 miles away from a thunderstorm. Seek a safe
shelter inside a building or vehicle.

&&

LAT...LON 2983 9854 2974 9865 2974 9861 2975 9860
      2974 9858 2976 9855 2975 9854 2959 9855
      2958 9876 2971 9879 2972 9878 2973 9879
      2992 9884 2994 9853
TIME...MOT...LOC 1228Z 175DEG 14KT 2966 9866

MAX HAIL SIZE...0.00 IN
MAX WIND GUST...50 MPH

05
Special weather statement, Jul 15, 7:49 AM CDT, 2 hours 6 minutes before
Special Weather Statement
National Weather Service Austin/San Antonio TX
749 AM CDT Wed Jul 15 2026

TXZ191-206-207-151330-
Guadalupe TX-Comal TX-Hays TX-
749 AM CDT Wed Jul 15 2026

...A strong thunderstorm will impact portions of south central Hays,
north central Guadalupe and east central Comal Counties through 830
AM CDT...

At 749 AM CDT, Doppler radar was tracking a strong thunderstorm over
Geronimo, or near New Braunfels, moving north at 20 mph.

HAZARD...Wind gusts up to 50 mph.

SOURCE...Radar indicated.

IMPACT...Gusty winds could knock down tree limbs and blow around
         unsecured objects.

Locations impacted include...
New Braunfels, San Marcos, Seguin, Geronimo, Hunter, Freiheit,
Gruene, and New Braunfels National Airport.

PRECAUTIONARY/PREPAREDNESS ACTIONS...

If outdoors, consider seeking shelter inside a building.

Torrential rainfall is also occurring with this storm and may lead to
localized flooding. Do not drive your vehicle through flooded
roadways.

&&

LAT...LON 2967 9792 2963 9803 2982 9817 2989 9800
TIME...MOT...LOC 1249Z 158DEG 16KT 2969 9800

MAX HAIL SIZE...0.00 IN
MAX WIND GUST...50 MPH

Platt
Local storm report, Jul 15, 8:05 AM CDT, 1 hour 50 minutes before
Preliminary Local Storm Report
National Weather Service Austin/San Antonio TX
805 AM CDT Wed Jul 15 2026

..TIME...   ...EVENT...      ...CITY LOCATION...     ...LAT.LON...
..DATE...   ....MAG....      ..COUNTY LOCATION..ST.. ...SOURCE....
            ..REMARKS..

0750 AM     Tornado          3 W Shavano Park        29.59N 98.60W
07/15/2026                   Bexar              TX   Public

            Video showed tornado crossing 1604. Power
            flashes and debris on video. Time estimated
            by radar.

&&

CVP
Special weather statement, Jul 15, 8:10 AM CDT, 1 hour 45 minutes before
Special Weather Statement
National Weather Service Austin/San Antonio TX
810 AM CDT Wed Jul 15 2026

TXZ187-189-151400-
Bandera TX-Kendall TX-
810 AM CDT Wed Jul 15 2026

...A strong thunderstorm will impact portions of east central Bandera
and southwestern Kendall Counties through 900 AM CDT...

At 810 AM CDT, Doppler radar was tracking a strong thunderstorm near
Kronkosky State Natural Area, or 9 miles southwest of Boerne, moving
north at 20 mph.

HAZARD...Wind gusts of 50 to 55 mph.

SOURCE...Radar indicated.

IMPACT...Gusty winds could knock down tree limbs and blow around
         unsecured objects.

Locations impacted include...
Boerne, Kreutzberg, Walnut Grove, Welfare, Nelson City, Kronkosky
State Natural Area, and Lakehills.

PRECAUTIONARY/PREPAREDNESS ACTIONS...

If outdoors, consider seeking shelter inside a building.

Torrential rainfall is also occurring with this storm and may lead to
localized flooding. Do not drive your vehicle through flooded
roadways.

Frequent cloud to ground lightning is occurring with this storm.
Lightning can strike 10 miles away from a thunderstorm. Seek a safe
shelter inside a building or vehicle.

&&

LAT...LON 2989 9864 2972 9875 2972 9878 2964 9885
      2967 9894 2996 9889
TIME...MOT...LOC 1310Z 197DEG 19KT 2971 9885

MAX HAIL SIZE...0.00 IN
MAX WIND GUST...55 MPH

05
Local storm report, Jul 15, 9:17 AM CDT, 38 minutes before
Preliminary Local Storm Report
National Weather Service Austin/San Antonio TX
917 AM CDT Wed Jul 15 2026

..TIME...   ...EVENT...      ...CITY LOCATION...     ...LAT.LON...
..DATE...   ....MAG....      ..COUNTY LOCATION..ST.. ...SOURCE....
            ..REMARKS..

0905 AM     Flash Flood      3 W Boerne              29.80N 98.78W
07/15/2026                   Kendall            TX   Broadcast Media

&&

CVP
Local storm report, Jul 15, 9:26 AM CDT, 29 minutes before
Preliminary Local Storm Report
National Weather Service Austin/San Antonio TX
926 AM CDT Wed Jul 15 2026

..TIME...   ...EVENT...      ...CITY LOCATION...     ...LAT.LON...
..DATE...   ....MAG....      ..COUNTY LOCATION..ST.. ...SOURCE....
            ..REMARKS..

0918 AM     Flash Flood      Fredericksburg          30.28N 98.87W
07/15/2026                   Gillespie          TX   Broadcast Media

&&

CVP

The office that day

Everything else NWS Austin/San Antonio, TX issued on the same UTC day.

IssuedProductOfficeCountiesLasted
Jul 14, 8:11 PM CDTFlash Flood Warning Considerable damage threatEWXBandera, Real20 hr
Jul 14, 10:43 PM CDTAreal Flood AdvisoryEWXBexar, Comal, Kendall2 hr
Jul 14, 11:02 PM CDTRiver Flood WarningEWXUvalde56 hr
Jul 14, 11:02 PM CDTRiver Flood WarningEWXUvalde46 hr
Jul 15, 1:07 AM CDTTornado WarningEWXUvalde23 min
Jul 15, 1:39 AM CDTFlash Flood Warning Considerable damage threatEWXEdwards, Kinney, Real40 hr
Jul 15, 2:30 AM CDTAreal Flood AdvisoryEWXGillespie, Kerr80 min
Jul 15, 2:46 AM CDTAreal Flood AdvisoryEWXMedina5 hr
Jul 15, 3:49 AM CDTFlash Flood Warning Considerable damage threatEWXGillespie, Kerr11 hr
Jul 15, 4:04 AM CDTSpecial Weather StatementEWXEdwards41 min
Jul 15, 5:25 AM CDTRiver Flood WarningEWXKinney, Uvalde49 hr
Jul 15, 5:41 AM CDTSevere Thunderstorm Warning Considerable damage threatEWXFrio, Medina64 min
Jul 15, 5:45 AM CDTTornado WarningEWXFrio, Medina45 min
Jul 15, 6:00 AM CDTSpecial Weather StatementEWXUvalde45 min
Jul 15, 6:07 AM CDTAreal Flood AdvisoryEWXFrio, Medina3 hr
Jul 15, 6:23 AM CDTTornado WarningEWXFrio, Medina38 min
Jul 15, 6:36 AM CDTFlash Flood Warning Considerable damage threatEWXMedina14 hr
Jul 15, 6:37 AM CDTRiver Flood WarningEWXBexar, Wilson60 hr
Jul 15, 6:42 AM CDTAreal Flood AdvisoryEWXBexar59 min
Jul 15, 7:20 AM CDTSevere Thunderstorm WarningEWXMedina40 min
Jul 15, 7:28 AM CDTSpecial Weather StatementEWXKendall47 min
Jul 15, 7:40 AM CDTFlash Flood Warning Considerable damage threatEWXBexar11 hr
Jul 15, 7:49 AM CDTSpecial Weather StatementEWXComal41 min
Jul 15, 7:49 AM CDTTornado WarningEWXBexar, Comal, Kendall41 min
Jul 15, 7:52 AM CDTFlash Flood Warning Considerable damage threatEWXMedina13 hr
Jul 15, 8:10 AM CDTSpecial Weather StatementEWXKendall50 min
Jul 15, 8:22 AM CDTFlash Flood Warning Considerable damage threatEWXBandera, Kendall29 hr
Jul 15, 9:00 AM CDTFlash Flood Warning Considerable damage threatEWXBexar, Guadalupe10 hr
Jul 15, 10:33 AM CDTFlash Flood Warning Considerable damage threatEWXBlanco, Gillespie, Hays5 hr
Jul 15, 12:11 PM CDTFlash Flood Warning EmergencyCatastrophic damage threatEWXKendall8 hr
Jul 15, 12:16 PM CDTRiver Flood WarningEWXBexar, Guadalupe32 hr
Jul 15, 12:42 PM CDTFlash Flood Warning EmergencyCatastrophic damage threatEWXMedina8 hr
Jul 15, 2:21 PM CDTRiver Flood WarningEWXMedina7 hr
Jul 15, 2:21 PM CDTRiver Flood WarningEWXKerr49 hr
Jul 15, 2:21 PM CDTRiver Flood WarningEWXMedina7 hr
Jul 15, 2:21 PM CDTRiver Flood WarningEWXKarnes, Wilson61 hr
Jul 15, 2:21 PM CDTRiver Flood WarningEWXKarnes3 days
Jul 15, 2:21 PM CDTRiver Flood WarningEWXKarnes, Wilson3 days
Jul 15, 2:21 PM CDTRiver Flood WarningEWXDimmit10 days
Jul 15, 2:33 PM CDTRiver Flood WarningEWXBlanco4 hr
Jul 15, 2:46 PM CDTAreal Flood AdvisoryEWXBexar, Comal7 hr
Jul 15, 3:48 PM CDTAreal Flood AdvisoryEWXBandera, Real3 hr
Jul 15, 4:04 PM CDTTornado WarningEWXBexar41 min
Jul 15, 5:35 PM CDTTornado WarningEWXBexar, Wilson40 min
Jul 15, 6:12 PM CDTTornado WarningEWXBexar, Guadalupe, Wilson10 min
Jul 15, 6:47 PM CDTAreal Flood AdvisoryEWXBexar3 hr
Jul 15, 6:48 PM CDTAreal Flood AdvisoryEWXBexar, Guadalupe3 hr

Nearby

Flash Flood Warnings in Texas, 2026Every flash flood warning in 2026

Sources

The product and its follow-ups from the Iowa Environmental Mesonet's archive of National Weather Service and Storm Prediction Center text; local storm reports from the same archive; the sounding from the Mesonet's radiosonde archive; radar from the NEXRAD Level II archive.