Alert archive / Missouri / Flash Flood Warnings in 2026

Flash Flood Warning 33, NWS Kansas City, MO

June 10, 2026Adair County, Schuyler County, Missouri

NWS Kansas City, MO issued this flash flood warning at Jun 10, 2026, 8:51 PM CDT for Adair County, Schuyler County, Missouri. It was in force for 5 hr. 3 reports came from inside the area while it was in force.

The area

The outline as issued, with what was reported inside it.

The facts

Issued
Jun 10, 2026, 8:51 PM CDT (01:51 UTC)
Expired
Jun 11, 2026, 2:06 AM CDT
In force
5 hr
Issued by
NWS Kansas City, MO
Area
Storm-based polygon
Flood severity
None

Counties Adair County, MO, Schuyler County, MO

The radar

The Des Moines radar (KDMX), 189 km from the middle of the area, began a volume at 01:53 UTC, the scan nearest the moment this went out.

Open the radar archive at this moment

The archived warnings, watches and discussions in force at that minute are drawn over the scan, this one among them.

What was reported inside it

TimeReportWhereRemark
Jun 10, 9:30 PM CDTFLASH FLOOD6 E Kirksville, MORoute 11 closed from flooding. Time estimated from radar.
Jun 10, 10:00 PM CDTFLASH FLOOD1 Se Kirksville, MORotary Park flooded. Time estimated from radar.
Jun 10, 10:00 PM CDTFLASH FLOODKirksville, MOAdministration building closed from flooding.

Local storm reports filed while the alert was in force, from inside its polygon or its counties.

Did it verify

Verified. The Iowa Environmental Mesonet's Cow matched 3 storm reports to this flash flood warning; the first came 39 minutes after it went out.

Cow counts a report within 15 km of the polygon while the warning was in force: a tornado for a tornado warning; hail of 1 inch or more, a gust of 58 mph or more or wind damage for a severe thunderstorm warning; a flash flood report for a flash flood warning.

The nearest sounding before it

Davenport, (KDVN), launched 00:00Z, 1.9 hours before the alert went out and 225 km from the middle of its area. This is the routine balloon launch nearest before it, the air the forecaster had in hand, not a measurement taken for the alert.

Skew-T log-pSkew-T log-p diagram, Davenport, at 00:00Z on 2026-06-11Temperature and dew point through the depth of the atmosphere, with the mixed-layer parcel. CAPE 387 joules per kilogram.LCLLFCEL10008507005003002001001 km2 km3 km6 km9 km-30°-20°-10°0°10°20°30°40°
Temperature in red, dew point in green, the mixed-layer parcel dashed.
HodographHodograph, Davenport, at 00:00Z on 2026-06-11The wind through the lowest 10 kilometers. Zero to 1 km storm-relative helicity 180 square meters per square second.19395878Sfc1 km3 km6 km9 kmRMLM
The wind turning with height, colored by layer: ground to 1 km, 1 to 3 km, 3 to 6 km, 6 to 10 km.
Mixed-layer CAPE
387 J/kg
Mixed-layer CIN
-90 J/kg
Mixed-layer LCL
1021 m above ground
0-6 km bulk shear
21 kt
0-1 km storm-relative helicity
180 m²/s²
0-3 km storm-relative helicity
165 m²/s²
Significant tornado parameter
0.0
Supercell composite
2.3

Open this sounding in Storm Lab

The text

As transmitted.

713 
WGUS53 KEAX 110151
FFWEAX
MOC001-197-110745-
/O.NEW.KEAX.FF.W.0033.260611T0151Z-260611T0745Z/
/00000.0.ER.000000T0000Z.000000T0000Z.000000T0000Z.OO/

BULLETIN - EAS ACTIVATION REQUESTED
Flash Flood Warning
National Weather Service Kansas City/Pleasant Hill MO
851 PM CDT Wed Jun 10 2026

The National Weather Service in Pleasant Hill has issued a

* Flash Flood Warning for...
  Eastern Adair County in northeastern Missouri...
  Southeastern Schuyler County in northeastern Missouri...

* Until 245 AM CDT.

* At 851 PM CDT, Doppler radar indicated thunderstorms producing
  heavy rain across the warned area. Between 1.5 and 3 inches of rain
  have fallen. Additional rainfall amounts of 0.5 to 1.5 inches are
  possible in the warned area. Flash flooding is ongoing or expected
  to begin shortly.

  HAZARD...Flash flooding caused by thunderstorms.

  SOURCE...Radar indicated.

  IMPACT...Flash flooding of small creeks and streams, urban areas,
           highways, streets and underpasses as well as other poor
           drainage and low-lying areas.

* Some locations that will experience flash flooding include...
  Kirksville, Queen City, Greentop, Downing, Brashear, Gibbs, Millard
  and Kirksville Regional.

PRECAUTIONARY/PREPAREDNESS ACTIONS...

Turn around, don't drown when encountering flooded roads. Most flood
deaths occur in vehicles.

&&

LAT...LON 4034 9262 4040 9262 4050 9235 4008 9235
      4008 9260

FLASH FLOOD...RADAR INDICATED

$$

73
1 follow-up statement
207 
WGUS73 KEAX 110706
FFSEAX

Flash Flood Statement
National Weather Service Kansas City/Pleasant Hill MO
206 AM CDT Thu Jun 11 2026

MOC001-197-110716-
/O.CAN.KEAX.FF.W.0033.000000T0000Z-260611T0745Z/
/00000.0.ER.000000T0000Z.000000T0000Z.000000T0000Z.OO/
Adair MO-Schuyler MO-
206 AM CDT Thu Jun 11 2026

...FLASH FLOOD WARNING IS CANCELLED FOR EASTERN ADAIR AND
SOUTHEASTERN SCHUYLER COUNTIES...

The heavy rain has ended however, flooding is occurring thus the
flash flood warning has been replaced by an areal flood warning.
Please continue to heed remaining road closures and do not drive into
water covered roadways.

&&

LAT...LON 4034 9262 4040 9262 4050 9235 4008 9235
      4008 9260

$$

73

What forecasters said that day

The local office's own words before this flash flood warning went out, as it sent them, from the Iowa Environmental Mesonet's archive of National Weather Service text.

NWS Kansas City, MO wrote its last area forecast discussion before this flash flood warning went out at Jun 10, 6:54 PM CDT, 1 hour 57 minutes earlier. Its key messages:

  • Tornado Watch in effect for northern Missouri through 9PM tonight. Multiple severe thunderstorms are expected through tonight, capable of very large hail, damaging wind gusts, and a few strong tornadoes.
  • Enhanced Risk (level 3 of 5) for severe weather tomorrow afternoon as a cold front slides through the area. All severe hazards remain possible for tomorrow afternoon and evening.
  • Additional severe weather looks possible for Saturday.
Area forecast discussion, Jun 10, 6:54 PM CDT, 1 hour 57 minutes before
Area Forecast Discussion
National Weather Service Kansas City/Pleasant Hill MO
654 PM CDT Wed Jun 10 2026

.KEY MESSAGES...

- Tornado Watch in effect for northern Missouri through 9PM tonight.
Multiple severe thunderstorms are expected through tonight, capable
of very large hail, damaging wind gusts, and a few strong tornadoes.

- Enhanced Risk (level 3 of 5) for severe weather tomorrow afternoon
as a cold front slides through the area. All severe hazards remain
possible for tomorrow afternoon and evening.

- Additional severe weather looks possible for Saturday.

&&

.SHORT TERM /THROUGH THURSDAY NIGHT/...
Issued at 309 PM CDT Wed Jun 10 2026

===== Enhanced Risk for Severe Storms Today =====

Sfc temps across the area have reached the mid to upper 80s, though
we are within a very moist environment with dew points in the low to
mid 70s. While this yields heat indices in the upper 90s to lower
100s, this heat is not the main hazard for today.

Scattered to numerous severe storms are developing across
northwestern MO this afternoon, and will continue to increase in
intensity through the afternoon and be capable of producing damaging
winds, large hail, and a few (possibly strong) tornadoes. SPC
Mesoanalysis depicts an extremely unstable environment with SBCAPE
values around 4500-5000 J/kg over northeastern KS. With a 35kt LLJ
over the area, shear parameters are favorable for organized
convection, with enough curvature in the lowest 3km to support a
supercell/tornado threat through the evening hours.

A deepening sfc trough is extending through western Iowa and
southeastern Nebraska. Combined with a remnant boundary from
convection from earlier this morning, we are seeing convection
initiation take place across northwestern Missouri. The 18z sounding
from Topeka shows a loaded gun profile, with very large CAPE and no
capping, strong shear, and low level helicity exceeding 200 m2/s2.
Expect to see low level shear continue to increase through this
evening, supporting HP supercells that could congeal somewhat into a
larger cluster of organized severe storms. If storms can remain
somewhat discrete, the tornado risk will be greater. The significant
tornado parameter could increase this evening, leading to greater
concern for strong tornado potential. Aside from the tornado risk,
there is a damaging wind and large hail threat as well. The WoFs
ensemble for greater than 1 inch hail is more than 60% across the
Tornado Watch area. The Tornado Watch runs through 02z tonight.

===== Flood Watch until Thursday Morning =====

Incredibly high PWATs are observed across the area, with TOP 18z
special sounding recording a PW value just below 2". SPC
Mesoanalysis depicts upwards of 2.2 inches. CAM runs throughout
today have shown a very consistent signal for very high rainfall
from thunderstorms this afternoon and evening. There is considerable
concern for widespread 2-4+ inches of rainfall within the Flood
Watch, and the possibility of isolated 6+ inches of rain generally
along HWY 36 and northward. Per the 12z HREF LPMM, there is a
growing concern for flash flooding across northern MO through the
overnight. The Flood Watch runs until 12z Thursday.

===== Enhanced Risk for Severe Storms Thursday =====

The cold front is not expected to pass through our area tonight, and
will again be a focus area for strong to severe storms tomorrow
afternoon and evening. CAMs have consistently shown the cold front
lighting up with a line of convection tomorrow afternoon, likely not
until after 18z. Hi-res soundings continue to show very strong CAPE
profiles for tomorrow, possibly exceeding SBCAPE exceeding 4000
J/kg. PWATs will still be quite saturated ahead of the front,
possibly north of 1.8", which will again lead to very heavy
rainfall. Damaging winds and large hail are the main concerns for
tomorrow, but cannot rule out another tornado risk for later
tomorrow.

&&

.LONG TERM /FRIDAY THROUGH WEDNESDAY/...
Issued at 309 PM CDT Wed Jun 10 2026

===== Friday and Saturday =====

Dry weather returns for Friday as low-amplitude mid-level ridging
and sfc high pressure move across the region. Cool air advection
will support temps to peak in the low 80s Friday afternoon.
Dewpoints will also be slightly more pleasant than in recent days,
with max dewpoints in the upper 50s and lower 60s.

Multiple rounds of shower and storm chances return on Saturday as a
sfc low moves across the central Plains. The primary upper low will
be situated across Ontario, with the belt of westerlies over the
northern Plains through the Great Lakes. With moisture transport
increasing across the area, and temps expected to warm into the mid
to upper 80s, CAPE profiles are expected to become quite unstable.
With favorable lapse rates and deep layer shear, the environment on
Saturday appears favorable for strong to severe storms. Multiple
models showcase soundings with impressive dry air in place to
increase forecast DCAPE values, possibly exceeding 1400 J/kg
Saturday afternoon. This would pose a risk for damaging wind gusts,
large hail, and a few tornadoes possible. SPC has highlighted the
region with an area of focus for Saturday.

===== Sunday into Early Next Week =====

The cold front will likely linger across the south on Sunday,
leading to lingering precip chances south of I-70. Overall, a
slightly drier trend is expected on Sunday as the upper wave moves
east.  While there are some isolated chances into next week, the
greater confidence is in the pleasant temperatures. Highs for Sun-
Tue are mostly in the 70s, with lower dewpoints in the 50s and 60s.

&&

.AVIATION /18Z TAFS THROUGH 18Z THURSDAY/...
Issued at 629 PM CDT Wed Jun 10 2026

Scattered storms are developing across northern Missouri at the
beginning of the TAF period along a boundary, and storms are
expected to continue developing along this boundary and slowly
sag south into the early evening hours. Storms will continue
for 2-3 hours at each TAF site once they begin, with extremely
gusty winds (40+ kts) and potential severe weather accompanying
them. Went to prevailing group instead of TEMPO as chances of
impacts from thunderstorms is greater than 50%. Thunder will be
at least in the vicinity between 00-01Z at KSTJ, beginning and
ending earlier than other TAF sites.

Outside of storms, VFR conditions are expected with south to
southwest winds of 10-15kts overnight and gusts again to 25-30+ kts
late Thursday morning.

&&

.EAX WATCHES/WARNINGS/ADVISORIES...
MO...Flood Watch through Thursday morning for MOZ002>008-011>017-
     020>025.
KS...Flood Watch through Thursday morning for KSZ025-102.

&&

SHORT TERM...Padgett
LONG TERM...Padgett
AVIATION...Camden
Hazardous weather outlook, Jun 10, 5:05 AM CDT, 15 hours 46 minutes before
Hazardous Weather Outlook
National Weather Service Kansas City/Pleasant Hill MO
0505 AM CDT Wed Jun 10 2026

KSZ025-057-060-102>105-MOZ001>008-011>017-020>025-028>033-037>040-
043>046-053-054-111005-
Atchison KS-Miami-Linn KS-Doniphan-Leavenworth-Wyandotte-Johnson KS-
Atchison MO-Nodaway-Worth-Gentry-Harrison-Mercer-Putnam-Schuyler-
Holt-Andrew-De Kalb-Daviess-Grundy-Sullivan-Adair-Buchanan-Clinton-
Caldwell-Livingston-Linn MO-Macon-Platte-Clay-Ray-Carroll-Chariton-
Randolph-Jackson-Lafayette-Saline-Howard-Cass-Johnson MO-Pettis-
Cooper-Bates-Henry-
0505 AM CDT Wed Jun 10 2026

This hazardous weather outlook is for northwest...north central and
west central Missouri...as well as extreme eastern Kansas.

.DAY ONE...Through tonight.

Please go to https://weather.gov/media/eax/DssPacket.pdf for more information on
potential weather hazards.

.DAYS TWO THROUGH SEVEN...Thursday through Tuesday.

Please go to https://weather.gov/media/eax/DssPacket.pdf for more information on
potential weather hazards.

.KEY MESSAGES...

* Enhanced Risk (level 3 of 5) for severe weather this
  afternoon and evening. Large hail and damaging winds are the
  primary concerns, but can't rule out the possibility of
  tornadoes.

* Enhanced Risk for severe weather again Thursday afternoon and
  early evening. Large hail, damaging winds, and a couple
  tornadoes are possible.

* Another round of precipitation this weekend, then much cooler
  next week.

In the hours before

Local storm report, Jun 10, 8:07 PM CDT, 44 minutes before
Preliminary Local Storm Report
National Weather Service Kansas City/Pleasant HIll MO
807 PM CDT Wed Jun 10 2026

..TIME...   ...EVENT...      ...CITY LOCATION...     ...LAT.LON...
..DATE...   ....MAG....      ..COUNTY LOCATION..ST.. ...SOURCE....
            ..REMARKS..

0435 PM     Hail             4 NNW Altamont          39.95N 94.12W
06/10/2026  E1.00 Inch       Daviess            MO   Public

            Social media report. Time estimated from
            radar.

&&

CMS
Local storm report, Jun 10, 8:11 PM CDT, 40 minutes before
Preliminary Local Storm Report
National Weather Service Kansas City/Pleasant HIll MO
811 PM CDT Wed Jun 10 2026

..TIME...   ...EVENT...      ...CITY LOCATION...     ...LAT.LON...
..DATE...   ....MAG....      ..COUNTY LOCATION..ST.. ...SOURCE....
            ..REMARKS..

0408 PM     Hail             Princeton               40.40N 93.59W
06/10/2026  E1.75 Inch       Mercer             MO   Public

            Social media report. Time estimated from
            radar.

&&

CMS
Local storm report, Jun 10, 8:16 PM CDT, 35 minutes before
Preliminary Local Storm Report
National Weather Service Kansas City/Pleasant HIll MO
816 PM CDT Wed Jun 10 2026

..TIME...   ...EVENT...      ...CITY LOCATION...     ...LAT.LON...
..DATE...   ....MAG....      ..COUNTY LOCATION..ST.. ...SOURCE....
            ..REMARKS..

0730 PM     Hail             5 WSW Newtown           40.35N 93.43W
06/10/2026  E1.00 Inch       Mercer             MO   Public

            Social media report. Time estimated from
            radar.

&&

CMS
Local storm report, Jun 10, 8:20 PM CDT, 31 minutes before
Preliminary Local Storm Report
National Weather Service Kansas City/Pleasant HIll MO
820 PM CDT Wed Jun 10 2026

..TIME...   ...EVENT...      ...CITY LOCATION...     ...LAT.LON...
..DATE...   ....MAG....      ..COUNTY LOCATION..ST.. ...SOURCE....
            ..REMARKS..

0638 PM     Tstm Wnd Dmg     1 W Kirksville Regional 40.10N 92.55W
06/10/2026                   Adair              MO   Public

            mPING report of tree limbs down near
            Kirksville Airport. Time estimated from
            radar.

&&

CMS
Local storm report, Jun 10, 8:29 PM CDT, 22 minutes before
Preliminary Local Storm Report
National Weather Service Kansas City/Pleasant HIll MO
829 PM CDT Wed Jun 10 2026

..TIME...   ...EVENT...      ...CITY LOCATION...     ...LAT.LON...
..DATE...   ....MAG....      ..COUNTY LOCATION..ST.. ...SOURCE....
            ..REMARKS..

0730 PM     Flash Flood      3 W Spickard            40.24N 93.65W
06/10/2026                   Grundy             MO   Public

            Several social media reports of washed out
            and impassable roads in Franklin Township.
            Time estimated from social media report.

&&

CMS
Local storm report, Jun 10, 8:40 PM CDT, 11 minutes before
Preliminary Local Storm Report
National Weather Service Kansas City/Pleasant HIll MO
840 PM CDT Wed Jun 10 2026

..TIME...   ...EVENT...      ...CITY LOCATION...     ...LAT.LON...
..DATE...   ....MAG....      ..COUNTY LOCATION..ST.. ...SOURCE....
            ..REMARKS..

0527 PM     Flash Flood      Trenton                 40.07N 93.62W
06/10/2026                   Grundy             MO   Public

            Report from mPING: Street/road flooding;
            Street/road closed; Vehicles stranded.

&&

CMS

The office that day

Everything else NWS Kansas City, MO issued on the same UTC day.

IssuedProductOfficeCountiesLasted
Jun 10, 7:04 PM CDTSevere Thunderstorm WarningEAXGrundy, Harrison, Mercer41 min
Jun 10, 7:07 PM CDTSevere Thunderstorm WarningEAXAdair, Putnam, Sullivan53 min
Jun 10, 7:10 PM CDTSevere Thunderstorm WarningEAXAndrew, Holt65 min
Jun 10, 7:29 PM CDTSevere Thunderstorm Warning Considerable damage threatEAXGrundy, Mercer, Putnam, Sullivan46 min
Jun 10, 7:44 PM CDTAreal Flood AdvisoryEAXGentry, Grundy, Harrison, Mercer, Nodaway, Putnam and 1 more6 hr
Jun 10, 8:01 PM CDTSevere Thunderstorm WarningEAXDaviess, Grundy, Harrison, Linn, Sullivan44 min
Jun 10, 8:10 PM CDTFlash Flood WarningEAXAdair, Grundy, Mercer, Putnam, Schuyler, Sullivan6 hr
Jun 10, 9:47 PM CDTFlash Flood WarningEAXGentry, Harrison, Nodaway, Worth3 hr
Jun 10, 11:00 PM CDTFlash Flood WarningEAXAdair, Grundy, Linn, Livingston, Macon, Sullivan3 hr
Jun 10, 11:57 PM CDTRiver Flood WarningEAXGrundy, Livingston11 hr
Jun 10, 11:58 PM CDTRiver Flood WarningEAXAdair, Macon, Putnam, Schuyler14 hr
Jun 11, 1:49 AM CDTAreal Flood WarningEAXAdair, Daviess, DeKalb, Gentry, Grundy, Harrison and 7 more9 hr
Jun 11, 4:48 AM CDTSevere Thunderstorm WarningEAXAtchison15 min
Jun 11, 6:12 AM CDTSevere Thunderstorm WarningEAXGrundy, Mercer25 min
Jun 11, 6:32 AM CDTSevere Thunderstorm WarningEAXNodaway, Worth43 min
Jun 11, 6:57 AM CDTSevere Thunderstorm WarningEAXPutnam, Schuyler, Sullivan48 min
Jun 11, 7:06 AM CDTSevere Thunderstorm Warning Considerable damage threatEAXGentry, Harrison, Mercer, Worth54 min
Jun 11, 7:55 AM CDTSevere Thunderstorm WarningEAXGentry, Grundy, Harrison, Mercer, Putnam, Worth50 min
Jun 11, 8:02 AM CDTFlash Flood WarningEAXGentry, Grundy, Harrison, Mercer, Worth3 hr
Jun 11, 8:28 AM CDTSevere Thunderstorm WarningEAXDaviess, Grundy, Harrison, Mercer, Putnam, Schuyler and 1 more47 min
Jun 11, 8:45 AM CDTFlash Flood WarningEAXGrundy, Mercer, Putnam, Sullivan3 hr
Jun 11, 8:58 AM CDTRiver Flood WarningEAXAtchison, Holt25 hr
Jun 11, 9:06 AM CDTSevere Thunderstorm Warning Considerable damage threatEAXAdair, Grundy, Linn, Macon, Mercer, Putnam and 2 more54 min
Jun 11, 9:36 AM CDTTornado WarningEAXPutnam, Schuyler22 min
Jun 11, 9:56 AM CDTSevere Thunderstorm Warning Considerable damage threatEAXAdair, Linn, Macon, Putnam, Schuyler, Sullivan64 min
Jun 11, 10:40 AM CDTAreal Flood WarningEAXAdair, Chariton, Daviess, DeKalb, Gentry, Grundy and 10 more36 hr
Jun 11, 1:42 PM CDTRiver Flood WarningEAXAndrew, Buchanan50 hr
Jun 11, 1:52 PM CDTSevere Thunderstorm WarningEAXGrundy, Mercer, Putnam, Schuyler, Sullivan53 min
Jun 11, 2:23 PM CDTRiver Flood WarningEAXAndrew, Nodaway39 hr
Jun 11, 2:42 PM CDTSevere Thunderstorm WarningEAXAdair, Putnam, Schuyler, Sullivan63 min
Jun 11, 3:03 PM CDTRiver Flood WarningEAXGrundy, Livingston30 hr
Jun 11, 3:04 PM CDTSevere Thunderstorm WarningEAXLinn, Macon56 min
Jun 11, 3:08 PM CDTSevere Thunderstorm WarningEAXCarroll, Saline52 min
Jun 11, 3:21 PM CDTTornado WarningEAXAdair, Schuyler25 min
Jun 11, 3:43 PM CDTFlash Flood WarningEAXAdair, Putnam, Schuyler3 hr
Jun 11, 3:43 PM CDTSevere Thunderstorm WarningEAXAdair, Macon47 min
Jun 11, 3:50 PM CDTSevere Thunderstorm WarningEAXMacon40 min
Jun 11, 3:51 PM CDTTornado WarningEAXMacon27 min
Jun 11, 3:56 PM CDTSpecial Weather StatementEAXCarroll34 min
Jun 11, 4:16 PM CDTSevere Thunderstorm WarningEAXCarroll, Chariton, Howard, Saline44 min
Jun 11, 4:26 PM CDTSevere Thunderstorm Warning Considerable damage threatEAXMacon49 min
Jun 11, 4:36 PM CDTFlash Flood WarningEAXMacon3 hr
Jun 11, 4:38 PM CDTSevere Thunderstorm WarningEAXBates, Cass, Henry67 min
Jun 11, 4:49 PM CDTSevere Thunderstorm WarningEAXJohnson41 min
Jun 11, 4:49 PM CDTSevere Thunderstorm WarningEAXChariton, Howard, Randolph, Saline56 min
Jun 11, 5:03 PM CDTSevere Thunderstorm WarningEAXCooper, Howard, Pettis, Saline57 min
Jun 11, 5:41 PM CDTSevere Thunderstorm WarningEAXHenry49 min
Jun 11, 5:44 PM CDTSevere Thunderstorm WarningEAXHoward31 min
Jun 11, 5:55 PM CDTSevere Thunderstorm WarningEAXCooper, Howard, Pettis50 min

Nearby

Flash Flood Warnings in Missouri, 2026Every flash flood warning in 2026

Sources

The product and its follow-ups from the Iowa Environmental Mesonet's archive of National Weather Service and Storm Prediction Center text; local storm reports from the same archive; the sounding from the Mesonet's radiosonde archive; radar from the NEXRAD Level II archive.