Alert archive / North Dakota / Tornado Warnings in 2026

Tornado Warning 14, NWS Bismarck, ND

July 9, 20264 counties in North Dakota

NWS Bismarck, ND issued this tornado warning at Jul 9, 2026, 8:06 PM CDT for 4 counties in North Dakota. It was in force for 39 min. 1 report came from inside the area while it was in force.

The area

The outline as issued, with what was reported inside it.

The facts

Issued
Jul 9, 2026, 8:06 PM CDT (01:06 UTC)
Expired
Jul 9, 2026, 8:45 PM CDT
In force
39 min
Issued by
NWS Bismarck, ND
Area
Storm-based polygon
Tornado
Radar indicated
Hail
1.75 in

Counties Burleigh County, ND, Kidder County, ND, Sheridan County, ND, Wells County, ND

The radar

The Bismarck radar (KBIS), 73 km from the middle of the area, began a volume at 01:06 UTC, the scan nearest the moment this went out.

Open the radar archive at this moment

The archived warnings, watches and discussions in force at that minute are drawn over the scan, this one among them.

What was reported inside it

TimeReportWhereRemark
Jul 9, 8:08 PM CDTTORNADO10 S Denhoff, NDPhoto of tornado, with circulation reported to be on the ground. Time and location estimated by radar.

Local storm reports filed while the alert was in force, from inside its polygon or its counties.

Did it verify

Verified. The Iowa Environmental Mesonet's Cow matched one storm report to this tornado warning; the first came 2 minutes after it went out.

Cow counts a report within 15 km of the polygon while the warning was in force: a tornado for a tornado warning; hail of 1 inch or more, a gust of 58 mph or more or wind damage for a severe thunderstorm warning; a flash flood report for a flash flood warning.

The watch it was issued in

The SPC watch in force over the same counties when this warning went out.

IssuedProductOfficeLasted
Jul 9, 5:27 PM CDTSevere Thunderstorm WatchSPC7 hr

The nearest sounding before it

Bismarck Municip, ND (KBIS), launched 00:00Z, 1.1 hours before the alert went out and 70 km from the middle of its area. This is the routine balloon launch nearest before it, the air the forecaster had in hand, not a measurement taken for the alert.

Skew-T log-pSkew-T log-p diagram, Bismarck Municip, ND at 00:00Z on 2026-07-10Temperature and dew point through the depth of the atmosphere, with the mixed-layer parcel. CAPE 2759 joules per kilogram.LCLEL10008507005003002001001 km2 km3 km6 km9 km12 km15 km-30°-20°-10°0°10°20°30°40°
Temperature in red, dew point in green, the mixed-layer parcel dashed.
HodographHodograph, Bismarck Municip, ND at 00:00Z on 2026-07-10The wind through the lowest 10 kilometers. Zero to 1 km storm-relative helicity 108 square meters per square second.193958Sfc1 km3 km6 km9 kmRMLM
The wind turning with height, colored by layer: ground to 1 km, 1 to 3 km, 3 to 6 km, 6 to 10 km.
Mixed-layer CAPE
2759 J/kg
Mixed-layer CIN
-19 J/kg
Mixed-layer LCL
1678 m above ground
0-6 km bulk shear
28 kt
0-1 km storm-relative helicity
108 m²/s²
0-3 km storm-relative helicity
265 m²/s²
Significant tornado parameter
0.6
Supercell composite
13.7

Open this sounding in Storm Lab

The text

As transmitted.

888 
WFUS53 KBIS 100106
TORBIS
NDC015-043-083-103-100145-
/O.NEW.KBIS.TO.W.0014.260710T0106Z-260710T0145Z/

BULLETIN - EAS ACTIVATION REQUESTED
Tornado Warning
National Weather Service Bismarck ND
806 PM CDT Thu Jul 9 2026

The National Weather Service in Bismarck has issued a

* Tornado Warning for...
  Northeastern Burleigh County in south central North Dakota...
  Northwestern Kidder County in south central North Dakota...
  Southeastern Sheridan County in south central North Dakota...
  Southwestern Wells County in south central North Dakota...

* Until 845 PM CDT.

* At 806 PM CDT, a severe thunderstorm capable of producing a tornado
  was located 12 miles north of Wing, or 35 miles southwest of
  Harvey, moving southeast at 30 mph.

  HAZARD...Tornado and golf ball size hail.

  SOURCE...Radar indicated rotation.

  IMPACT...Flying debris will be dangerous to those caught without
           shelter. Mobile homes will be damaged or destroyed. Damage
           to roofs, windows and vehicles will occur. Tree damage is
           likely.

* Locations impacted include...
  Mainly rural areas of Northeastern Burleigh, Northwestern Kidder,
  Southeastern Sheridan and Southwestern Wells Counties.

PRECAUTIONARY/PREPAREDNESS ACTIONS...

Move to an interior room on the lowest floor of a well-built building
away from windows. If you are outdoors, in a mobile home, or in a
vehicle, move to the closest substantial shelter and protect yourself
from flying debris.

&&

LAT...LON 4728 10037 4741 10029 4736 9991 4718 10008
TIME...MOT...LOC 0106Z 310DEG 26KT 4732 10024

TORNADO...RADAR INDICATED
MAX HAIL SIZE...1.75 IN

$$

Hollan
4 follow-up statements
245 
WWUS53 KBIS 100113
SVSBIS

Severe Weather Statement
National Weather Service Bismarck ND
813 PM CDT Thu Jul 9 2026

NDC015-043-083-103-100145-
/O.CON.KBIS.TO.W.0014.000000T0000Z-260710T0145Z/
Burleigh ND-Kidder ND-Sheridan ND-Wells ND-
813 PM CDT Thu Jul 9 2026

...TORNADO WARNING REMAINS IN EFFECT UNTIL 845 PM CDT FOR
NORTHEASTERN BURLEIGH, NORTHWESTERN KIDDER, SOUTHEASTERN SHERIDAN AND
SOUTHWESTERN WELLS COUNTIES...

At 813 PM CDT, a severe thunderstorm capable of producing a tornado
was located 10 miles north of Wing, or 38 miles south of Harvey,
moving southeast at 30 mph.

HAZARD...Tornado and golf ball size hail.

SOURCE...Radar indicated rotation.

IMPACT...Flying debris will be dangerous to those caught without
         shelter. Mobile homes will be damaged or destroyed. Damage
         to roofs, windows and vehicles will occur. Tree damage is
         likely.

Locations impacted include...
  Mainly rural areas of Northeastern Burleigh, Northwestern Kidder,
  Southeastern Sheridan and Southwestern Wells Counties.

PRECAUTIONARY/PREPAREDNESS ACTIONS...

Move to an interior room on the lowest floor of a well-built building
away from windows. If you are outdoors, in a mobile home, or in a
vehicle, move to the closest substantial shelter and protect yourself
from flying debris.

&&

LAT...LON 4728 10037 4741 10029 4736 9991 4718 10008
TIME...MOT...LOC 0106Z 315DEG 24KT 4731 10028

TORNADO...RADAR INDICATED
MAX HAIL SIZE...1.75 IN

$$

Hollan
259 
WWUS53 KBIS 100124
SVSBIS

Severe Weather Statement
National Weather Service Bismarck ND
824 PM CDT Thu Jul 9 2026

NDC083-103-100134-
/O.CAN.KBIS.TO.W.0014.000000T0000Z-260710T0145Z/
Sheridan ND-Wells ND-
824 PM CDT Thu Jul 9 2026

...TORNADO WARNING IS CANCELLED FOR SOUTHEASTERN SHERIDAN AND
SOUTHWESTERN WELLS COUNTIES...

The tornado threat has diminished and the Tornado Warning has been
cancelled. However, large hail and damaging winds remain likely and a
Severe Thunderstorm Warning remains in effect for the area.

&&

LAT...LON 4719 10011 4728 10037 4733 10034 4733 9994
      4718 10008
TIME...MOT...LOC 0113Z 315DEG 24KT 4728 10023

$$


NDC015-043-100145-
/O.CON.KBIS.TO.W.0014.000000T0000Z-260710T0145Z/
Burleigh ND-Kidder ND-
824 PM CDT Thu Jul 9 2026

...TORNADO WARNING REMAINS IN EFFECT UNTIL 845 PM CDT FOR
NORTHEASTERN BURLEIGH AND NORTHWESTERN KIDDER COUNTIES...

At 824 PM CDT, a severe thunderstorm capable of producing a tornado
was located 8 miles north of Wing, or 39 miles south of Harvey,
moving southeast at 15 mph.

HAZARD...Tornado and golf ball size hail.

SOURCE...Radar indicated rotation.

IMPACT...Flying debris will be dangerous to those caught without
         shelter. Mobile homes will be damaged or destroyed. Damage
         to roofs, windows and vehicles will occur. Tree damage is
         likely.

Locations impacted include...
  Mainly rural areas of Northeastern Burleigh and Northwestern Kidder
  Counties.

PRECAUTIONARY/PREPAREDNESS ACTIONS...

Move to an interior room on the lowest floor of a well-built building
away from windows. If you are outdoors, in a mobile home, or in a
vehicle, move to the closest substantial shelter and protect yourself
from flying debris.

&&

LAT...LON 4719 10011 4728 10037 4733 10034 4733 9994
      4718 10008
TIME...MOT...LOC 0113Z 318DEG 14KT 4729 10027

TORNADO...RADAR INDICATED
MAX HAIL SIZE...1.75 IN

$$

Hollan
227 
WWUS53 KBIS 100131
SVSBIS

Severe Weather Statement
National Weather Service Bismarck ND
831 PM CDT Thu Jul 9 2026

NDC015-043-100145-
/O.CON.KBIS.TO.W.0014.000000T0000Z-260710T0145Z/
Burleigh ND-Kidder ND-
831 PM CDT Thu Jul 9 2026

...TORNADO WARNING REMAINS IN EFFECT UNTIL 845 PM CDT FOR
NORTHEASTERN BURLEIGH AND NORTHWESTERN KIDDER COUNTIES...

At 831 PM CDT, a severe thunderstorm capable of producing a tornado
was located 8 miles northeast of Wing, or 40 miles south of Harvey,
moving east at 25 mph.

HAZARD...Tornado and golf ball size hail.

SOURCE...Radar indicated rotation.

IMPACT...Flying debris will be dangerous to those caught without
         shelter. Mobile homes will be damaged or destroyed. Damage
         to roofs, windows and vehicles will occur. Tree damage is
         likely.

Locations impacted include...
  Mainly rural areas of Northeastern Burleigh and Northwestern Kidder
  Counties.

PRECAUTIONARY/PREPAREDNESS ACTIONS...

Move to an interior room on the lowest floor of a well-built building
away from windows. If you are outdoors, in a mobile home, or in a
vehicle, move to the closest substantial shelter and protect yourself
from flying debris.

&&

LAT...LON 4719 10011 4726 10031 4733 10026 4733 9994
      4718 10008
TIME...MOT...LOC 0124Z 292DEG 22KT 4723 10022

TORNADO...RADAR INDICATED
MAX HAIL SIZE...1.75 IN

$$

Hollan
586 
WWUS53 KBIS 100147
SVSBIS

Severe Weather Statement
National Weather Service Bismarck ND
847 PM CDT Thu Jul 9 2026

NDC015-043-100157-
/O.EXP.KBIS.TO.W.0014.000000T0000Z-260710T0145Z/
Burleigh ND-Kidder ND-
847 PM CDT Thu Jul 9 2026

...TORNADO WARNING HAS EXPIRED FOR NORTHEASTERN BURLEIGH AND
NORTHWESTERN KIDDER COUNTIES...

The tornado threat has diminished and the Tornado Warning has been
allowed to expire. However, large hail and damaging winds remain
likely and a Severe Thunderstorm Warning remains in effect for the
area.

A Severe Thunderstorm Watch remains in effect until 1200 AM CDT for a
portion of south central North Dakota.

&&

LAT...LON 4719 10011 4726 10031 4733 10026 4733 9994
      4718 10008
TIME...MOT...LOC 0131Z 292DEG 22KT 4722 10016

$$

Hollan

What forecasters said that day

The local office's own words before this tornado warning went out, as it sent them, from the Iowa Environmental Mesonet's archive of National Weather Service text.

NWS Bismarck, ND wrote its last area forecast discussion before this tornado warning went out at Jul 9, 6:57 PM CDT, 1 hour 9 minutes earlier. Its key messages:

  • Isolated to scattered severe thunderstorms are possible this afternoon through this evening.
  • A strong warming trend is expected through the rest of the week into early next week, with many locations exceeding 100 degrees Saturday through Monday. An Excessive Heat Watch is in effect from Saturday through Monday.
  • Mainly dry conditions are expected through the hot spell.
Area forecast discussion, Jul 9, 6:57 PM CDT, 1 hour 9 minutes before
Area Forecast Discussion
National Weather Service Bismarck ND
657 PM CDT Thu Jul 9 2026

.KEY MESSAGES...

- Isolated to scattered severe thunderstorms are possible this
  afternoon through this evening.

- A strong warming trend is expected through the rest of the
  week into early next week, with many locations exceeding 100
  degrees Saturday through Monday. An Excessive Heat Watch is
  in effect from Saturday through Monday.

- Mainly dry conditions are expected through the hot spell.

&&

.DISCUSSION...
Issued at 210 PM CDT Thu Jul 9 2026

Current surface analysis places cool front stretching through
northwest North Dakota. Upper level analysis places westerly
flow over our area, with a few short waves noted in the flow.
Over our area, a few weak showers continue to linger over parts
of Wells and Foster Counties.

For the rest of this afternoon into tonight, aforementioned
frontal boundary combined the short wave will serve as the
focus for thunderstorm development later this afternoon into
tonight. The question is how much convection will develop given
the modest forcing. With that said, a very unstable atmosphere
will be in place, with noted RAP CAPE values around 2000-4000
J/KG through central North Dakota/James River Valley at the time
expected convective initiation. Deep layer shear will be ample
for rotating updrafts, and oriented perpendicular to the frontal
boundary suggesting rapidly developing supercell thunderstorms
will be possible. The greatest chance for scattered severe
weather did shift east a bit from earlier covering parts of
southwest North Dakota, along with most of central ND and the
James River Valley. Storms then push off to the east through the
night.

Thereafter, focus shifts towards the hot temperatures expected
to plague our area this weekend into next week. Broad upper
level high builds over the central and much of the western CONUS
this weekend, remaining into the upcoming work week. High
temperatures climb into the triple digits over many locations
on Saturday, and over most of the area on Sunday, with triple
digits remaining over many locations into Monday. With this, dew
points remain around 60, so an elevated humidity factor will
come into play. Therefore, the Extreme Heat Watch remains in
effect. With the upper high in place, expect mainly dry weather,
but given the extreme temperatures would not be surprised to
see a random thunderstorm pop up somewhere during this period.

&&

.AVIATION /00Z TAFS THROUGH 00Z SATURDAY/...
Issued at 650 PM CDT Thu Jul 9 2026

Appears the main potential for thunderstorms will focus in the
BIS and JMS terminals space this evening, and would put
convection as "quite likely" for JMS. As such, have converted
JMS to a TEMPO group honing in on the 02-05Z time frame. BIS is
roughly the same time period, but it's possible storms stay just
S/SE, so continued this as a PROB30 group, for now. Gusty and
variable winds will be expected with storms this evening. Most
model guidance clears activity out by around midnight. These
locations may develop some fog around dawn, with slightly higher
chances for JMS than BIS. Rest of the day Friday will be VFR
with light E to SE winds.

For MOT...have removed the mention of thunderstorms from the
latest TAFs as it appears the primary area of development will
remain just off to the E/SE. A weak front can be seen on visible
satellite and area observations, which will switch winds around
to the N. Speeds will remain light, though. Main concern
thereafter is the potential for fog to develop in this area, as
well. Have added some 5SM BR to indicate this potential, but if
the fog indeed develops, VSBYs could easily be worse, mainly in
the 11-13Z time frame. Once any fog burns off by mid morning,
rest of the period looks to be VFR with light Erly winds.

For XWA and DIK...expect VFR conditions and generally light
winds through the period.

&&

.BIS WATCHES/WARNINGS/ADVISORIES...
Extreme Heat Watch from Saturday afternoon through late Monday
night for NDZ001>005-009-010-012-013-017>020-022-023-025-
031>033-035>037-040>044-046>048-050-051-055>062.

&&

DISCUSSION...JJS
AVIATION...Thies NWS Hastings
Hazardous weather outlook, Jul 9, 2:00 PM CDT, 6 hours 6 minutes before
Hazardous Weather Outlook
National Weather Service Bismarck ND
200 PM CDT Thu Jul 9 2026

NDZ001>005-009-010-012-013-017>020-022-023-025-031>033-035>037-
040>044-046>048-050-051-055>062-101900-
Divide-Burke-Renville-Bottineau-Rolette-Williams-Mountrail-
McHenry-Pierce-McKenzie-Dunn-Mercer-Oliver-Sheridan-Wells-Foster-
Golden Valley-Billings-Stark-Burleigh-Kidder-Stutsman-Slope-
Hettinger-Grant-Bowman-Adams-Emmons-Logan-La Moure-McIntosh-
Dickey-Northwest Ward-Central and Southern Ward/Minot Area-
Western McLean-Eastern McLean-Western Morton-Eastern Morton-
Western Sioux-Eastern Sioux-
200 PM CDT Thu Jul 9 2026 /100 PM MDT Thu Jul 9 2026/

This Hazardous Weather Outlook is for portions of north central
North Dakota, northwest North Dakota, south central North Dakota,
southeast North Dakota, and southwest North Dakota.

.DAY ONE...This Afternoon and Tonight

Isolated to scattered severe thunderstorms are possible across
western and central North Dakota this afternoon and this evening.
The main hazards from any storm that becomes severe will be large
hail up to 2 inches in diameter and damaging wind gusts up to 60
mph.

.DAYS TWO THROUGH SEVEN...Friday through Wednesday

An Extreme Heat Watch has been issued for all of western and
central North Dakota from midday Saturday through Monday evening.
See www.weather.gov/bis for additional information.

.SPOTTER INFORMATION STATEMENT...

Spotters are asked to provide reports to the NWS using standard
procedures, including through our social media accounts.

In the hours before

Local storm report, Jul 9, 6:20 PM CDT, 1 hour 46 minutes before
Preliminary Local Storm Report
National Weather Service Bismarck ND
620 PM CDT Thu Jul 9 2026

..TIME...   ...EVENT...      ...CITY LOCATION...     ...LAT.LON...
..DATE...   ....MAG....      ..COUNTY LOCATION..ST.. ...SOURCE....
            ..REMARKS..

0555 PM     Hail             6 SSW Orrin             48.02N 100.24W
07/09/2026  E1.25 Inch       McHenry            ND   Trained Spotter

            Half-dollar/walnut sized hail 9 NE of Drake.
            Time estimated from radar.

&&

CSD
Local storm report, Jul 9, 6:51 PM CDT, 1 hour 15 minutes before
Preliminary Local Storm Report
National Weather Service Bismarck ND
651 PM CDT Thu Jul 9 2026

..TIME...   ...EVENT...      ...CITY LOCATION...     ...LAT.LON...
..DATE...   ....MAG....      ..COUNTY LOCATION..ST.. ...SOURCE....
            ..REMARKS..

0516 PM     Hail             4 N Silva               48.23N 99.93W
07/09/2026  M1.25 Inch       Pierce             ND   Public

&&
Local storm report, Jul 9, 6:59 PM CDT, 1 hour 7 minutes before
Preliminary Local Storm Report
National Weather Service Bismarck ND
659 PM CDT Thu Jul 9 2026

..TIME...   ...EVENT...      ...CITY LOCATION...     ...LAT.LON...
..DATE...   ....MAG....      ..COUNTY LOCATION..ST.. ...SOURCE....
            ..REMARKS..

0548 PM     Hail             3 NE Silva              48.19N 99.87W
07/09/2026  E2.50 Inch       Pierce             ND   Public

            Most hail was quarters to golf balls, a few
            were tennis ball.

&&
Local storm report, Jul 9, 7:10 PM CDT, 56 minutes before
Preliminary Local Storm Report
National Weather Service Bismarck ND
710 PM CDT Thu Jul 9 2026

..TIME...   ...EVENT...      ...CITY LOCATION...     ...LAT.LON...
..DATE...   ....MAG....      ..COUNTY LOCATION..ST.. ...SOURCE....
            ..REMARKS..

0630 PM     Hail             9 SSE New Leipzig       46.25N 101.88W
07/09/2026  E1.75 Inch       Grant              ND   Public

            A few golf balls.

&&
Local storm report, Jul 9, 7:23 PM CDT, 43 minutes before
Preliminary Local Storm Report
National Weather Service Bismarck ND
723 PM CDT Thu Jul 9 2026

..TIME...   ...EVENT...      ...CITY LOCATION...     ...LAT.LON...
..DATE...   ....MAG....      ..COUNTY LOCATION..ST.. ...SOURCE....
            ..REMARKS..

0716 PM     Tornado          4 SW Hamberg            47.72N 99.58W
07/09/2026                   Wells              ND   Broadcast Media

            Tornado on ground from 7:16 PM to 7:18 PM.

&&
Local storm report, Jul 9, 7:44 PM CDT, 22 minutes before
Preliminary Local Storm Report
National Weather Service Bismarck ND
744 PM CDT Thu Jul 9 2026

..TIME...   ...EVENT...      ...CITY LOCATION...     ...LAT.LON...
..DATE...   ....MAG....      ..COUNTY LOCATION..ST.. ...SOURCE....
            ..REMARKS..

0708 PM     Hail             4 S Wellsburg           47.78N 99.76W
07/09/2026  M1.25 Inch       Wells              ND   Public

&&

The office that day

Everything else NWS Bismarck, ND issued on the same UTC day.

IssuedProductOfficeCountiesLasted
Jul 9, 7:02 PM CDTSevere Thunderstorm Warning Considerable damage threatBISSheridan58 min
Jul 9, 7:13 PM CDTSevere Thunderstorm Warning Considerable damage threatBISFoster, Wells62 min
Jul 9, 7:15 PM CDTSevere Thunderstorm WarningBISEmmons19 min
Jul 9, 7:17 PM CDTTornado Warning Tornado observedBISWells43 min
Jul 9, 7:33 PM CDTSevere Thunderstorm Warning Considerable damage threatBISSheridan, Wells57 min
Jul 9, 7:39 PM CDTSevere Thunderstorm WarningBISBurleigh, Emmons, Morton51 min
Jul 9, 7:44 PM CDTSevere Thunderstorm Warning Considerable damage threatBISBurleigh, Kidder, Sheridan, Wells61 min
Jul 9, 7:54 PM CDTSevere Thunderstorm WarningBISFoster, Wells66 min
Jul 9, 8:02 PM CDTSevere Thunderstorm WarningBISFoster58 min
Jul 9, 8:17 PM CDTSevere Thunderstorm WarningBISStutsman58 min
Jul 9, 8:17 PM CDTSevere Thunderstorm WarningBISBurleigh, Emmons, Morton43 min
Jul 9, 8:23 PM CDTSevere Thunderstorm WarningBISBurleigh52 min
Jul 9, 8:29 PM CDTSevere Thunderstorm Warning Considerable damage threatBISBurleigh, Kidder61 min
Jul 9, 8:42 PM CDTSevere Thunderstorm WarningBISFoster, Stutsman63 min
Jul 9, 8:49 PM CDTSevere Thunderstorm WarningBISBurleigh, Emmons, Kidder, Logan41 min
Jul 9, 8:55 PM CDTSevere Thunderstorm Warning Considerable damage threatBISBurleigh, Kidder, Stutsman65 min
Jul 9, 9:04 PM CDTSevere Thunderstorm Warning Destructive damage threatBISBurleigh, Kidder56 min
Jul 9, 9:20 PM CDTSevere Thunderstorm Warning Considerable damage threatBISBurleigh40 min
Jul 9, 9:22 PM CDTSevere Thunderstorm WarningBISKidder, Logan, Stutsman53 min
Jul 9, 9:51 PM CDTSevere Thunderstorm Warning Considerable damage threatBISKidder, LaMoure, Logan, Stutsman84 min
Jul 9, 10:50 PM CDTSevere Thunderstorm WarningBISLaMoure, Logan, McIntosh55 min
Jul 9, 10:57 PM CDTSevere Thunderstorm WarningBISDickey, LaMoure63 min
Jul 9, 11:40 PM CDTSevere Thunderstorm Warning Considerable damage threatBISDickey, LaMoure, Logan, McIntosh65 min
Jul 10, 1:23 AM CDTSpecial Weather StatementBISBarnes22 min
Jul 10, 2:02 AM CDTExtreme Heat WarningBISAdams, Billings, Bottineau, Bowman, Burke, Burleigh and 30 more5 days

Nearby

Tornado Warnings in North Dakota, 2026Every tornado warning in 2026Tornadoes in 2026

Sources

The product and its follow-ups from the Iowa Environmental Mesonet's archive of National Weather Service and Storm Prediction Center text; local storm reports from the same archive; the sounding from the Mesonet's radiosonde archive; radar from the NEXRAD Level II archive.