Severe Thunderstorm Warning 13, NWS Lincoln, IL

Area Forecast Discussion...Updated
National Weather Service Lincoln IL
1154 PM CDT Fri Mar 14 2025

.KEY MESSAGES...

- A severe weather outbreak is likely to occur this evening
  between 8pm and 2am. Structural damage is a reasonable
  possibility due to straight-line winds (75+ mph); tornadoes
  (EF-2+); and large hail (1" +).

- A brief period of strong non-thunderstorm wind gusts between
  40-60 mph may occur just ahead of the severe thunderstorm
  episode early this evening between 6-9pm.

- Concern for rapid and erratic fire spread has led to a burn ban
  in areas north of Interstate 72 through this evening. Additional
  concerns for rapid fire spread return early next week.

- Another powerhouse storm system arrives by the middle of next
  week, perhaps bringing additional severe weather to portions of
  central and southeast Illinois.

&&

.MESOSCALE...
Issued at 1150 PM CDT Fri Mar 14 2025

Key Messages...
Greatest severe risk for our area is south of I-72 and east of
US-51. Storms are exhibiting strong low/mid-level rotation, but
sfc instability is difficult to assess, leaving the tornado
potential uncertain over the next 1-2 hours.

Technical Discussion...

A quasi-linear complex of storms continues with the most intense
cells extending from Macon Co to Fayette Co, and several areas
within the QLCS are exhibiting supercellular characteristics, with
strong low or mid level rotation that has prompted tornado warnings.
At this point, it remains a challenge to effective assess the near-
storm buoyancy. We have received no confirmation of tornadoes
occurring in our CWA yet, either based on radar imagery or spotter
reports. No need to rehash the kinematic environment, it undoubtedly
remains quite favorable. RAP-based mesoA suggests an area of >40
J/kg of 0-3km CAPE mainly south of Shelby Co, and think that's
probably still the more favored area for tor production.

There's also the complicating factor of numerous weak cells
developing across our southeastern counties (south of I-70).
Normally, this would lead to an expectation of a less favorable
environment (due to decreased buoyancy). However, the mesoA fields
also suggest the severe storms are tracking into an  with higher
LCLs (cloud bases, higher is less favorable for tornadoes). It's
possible these weak cells act to lower the LCLs and wind up being
beneficial to the tornado potential, but admittedly the evolution
here is low confidence at this point.

Going forward, the best chances for svr will be focused primarily
south of I-72 and east of US-51.

Erwin

&&

.SHORT TERM...
Issued at 211 PM CDT Fri Mar 14 2025

A negatively-tilted, 500-mb trough and it's attendant surface low
will continue to lift across the Plains this afternoon, with a
Pacific front/dryline arcing towards the Missouri Ozarks and Mid-
Mississippi Valley this evening.

Convective-allowing models (CAMs) remain in excellent agreement that
convective initiation will occur early this afternoon along the
dryline as a tongue of 55-60 degF dewpoints and steepening mid-level
lapse rates advect into western Missouri and effectively boost
MLCAPE.  While the initial storm mode will favor supercell
structures across Missouri, the expectation is for storms to congeal
and grow upscale into a mature QLCS by 00z/7pm due to fast storm
motions and the deep-layer shear vectors becoming aligned more
parallel to the boundary/forcing as the line approaches west central
IL.

While the kinematics associated with this line are high-end (99th
percentile of climatology), the modest instability (500-1000 J/Kg
MLCAPE) should preclude a derecho threat.  Rather than a continuous
wall of 75+ mph straight-line winds, we are advertising only
pockets.  Given the robust shear magnitudes and instability confined
to the lowest 3km, as well as a strong, N-S oriented LLJ along the
line, we anticipate multiple bowing/surging segments, reflectivity
tags, and line breaks; all of which will lead to mesovortexgenesis
and the potential for QLCS tornadoes.  While it is extremely
difficult to predict whether or not these embedded tornadoes will be
significant (EF-2+), very high 0-3km SRH values (750+ m2/s2) and a
large, humped hodograph suggests any mesovortex that does develop
within the line will have depth and long-tracked potential, and this
is evident in the 6-hr Updraft Helicity (UD) swaths from many of the
CAMs. One recent historical comparison that springs to mind is the
December 10, 2021 quasi-linear event, which brought 5 EF-2 tornadoes
to portions of central IL.

Just prior to this evening's convective episode, gusty non-
thunderstorm winds will peak in the 45-60 mph range, primarily
between 23z-02z/6-9pm, due to the surface pressure gradient
tightening beneath a strengthening 70-kt LLJ core.  With a very dry
and well-mixed PBL lying ahead of the line of convection, it's a
reasonable possibility that we achieve sporadic High Wind Warning
criteria (58+ mph).  Due to the brevity and uncertainty in coverage,
we will continue the current Wind Advisory and upgrade later as
needed.

Other concerns we hold prior to tonight's storms include blowing
dust and erratic fire behavior due to abnormally dry top soil and
fine fuels (grass, leaves, twigs, pine needles, etc).  We have
refrained from issuing a Blowing Dust Advisory after coordinating
with our Ag partners.  Per their guidance, the vast majority of
field work to this point has been anhydrous injections and not
tillage, though certainly there has been some plowing.  Then
regarding the Red Flag Warning, which is ongoing, we still
anticipate a brief period where wind gusts exceed RH values in areas
north of I-72 later this afternoon.  This, in tandem with the 80 deg
temps and dry fuels, is what is driving the threat for rapid and
erratic fire spread.

MJA

.LONG TERM...  (Saturday through Next Friday)
Issued at 211 PM CDT Fri Mar 14 2025

A brief shot of cold air will arrive Saturday night into Sunday as
northerly winds spill into the region behind the departing storm
system.  Temperatures will fall into the mid 30s beneath mostly
cloudy skies, and we might even squeeze out a few snow showers as
the axis of wrap-around moisture pushes through the region.  Dry and
continued cool weather will remain in place on Sunday, with any
lingering cloud cover eroding beneath an advancing ridge axis.

Monday through Wednesday will be characterized by dry, windy, and
warm conditions as an upper ridge gradually becomes more amplified
due to another deep trough carving into the Plains.  Concern for
elevated fire danger will return during this period as a well-mixed
PBL helps pull down afternoon RHs (25-35%) amid warming temperatures
(65-75 degF) and increasing southerly flow (30-40 mph) ahead of a
rapidly deepening frontal system.  Blowing dust may also be a
concern during this time as we begin to enter spring tillage season.

The next best chance (50-70%) for rain comes Wednesday afternoon
along and ahead of a cold front.  Instability looks very limited
ahead of the front amid shallow moisture, and so widespread
thunderstorm activity is not anticipated at this time.  It does bear
monitoring, though, as both strong deep-layer shear and synoptic
ascent could yield isolated severe convection somewhere between the
Mid-Mississippi and Ohio River Valleys.  The system dry slot will
then quickly push through behind the cold front Wednesday evening
before the axis of wrap-around moisture works across central
Illinois late Wednesday night, perhaps providing some light snow.

Another stretch of dry and cool weather returns Thursday and Friday
behind the departing frontal system. NBM deterministic guidance
currently offers daytime temperatures in upper 40s on Thursday
before dropping near 30 degrees Thursday night. Temperatures then
modestly increase into the lower 50s by next Friday.

MJA

&&

.AVIATION...  (For the 00z TAFs through 00z Saturday Evening)
Issued at 653 PM CDT Fri Mar 14 2025

A line of strong to severe thunderstorms will move through central
Illinois later this evening. Strong southerly winds will continue
just ahead of the line of storms with even stronger gusts (roughly
55 kt or so) within pockets of the line of storms. Winds will remain
elevated overnight and then ramp up once again Saturday morning as
they gradually veer to the southwest. A cold front will move through
Saturday afternoon/evening, turning winds to the west-northwest.
There is a low chance (30-40%) for ceilings to drop below 3k ft on
Saturday, so elected to keep them VFR for the time being.

NMA

&&

.ILX WATCHES/WARNINGS/ADVISORIES...
Wind Advisory until 4 PM CDT Saturday for ILZ027>031-036>038-
040>057-061>063-066>068-071>073.

&&

Hazardous Weather Outlook
National Weather Service Lincoln IL
209 PM CDT Fri Mar 14 2025

ILZ027>031-036>038-040>057-061>063-066>068-071>073-151915-
Knox-Stark-Peoria-Marshall-Woodford-Fulton-Tazewell-McLean-Schuyler-
Mason-Logan-De Witt-Piatt-Champaign-Vermilion-Cass-Menard-Scott-
Morgan-Sangamon-Christian-Macon-Moultrie-Douglas-Coles-Edgar-Shelby-
Cumberland-Clark-Effingham-Jasper-Crawford-Clay-Richland-Lawrence-
209 PM CDT Fri Mar 14 2025

This Hazardous Weather Outlook is for central Illinois, east
central Illinois, southeast Illinois and west central Illinois.

.DAY ONE...Tonight.

A line of severe thunderstorms is expected to race across the area
tonight between 8 pm and 2 am. The primary threat is damaging winds,
potentially in excess of 80 mph, though large hail and a few
tornadoes are also possible.

Outside the storms, strong winds will occur tonight. Southeast wind
gusts of 40 to 50 mph are likely. These winds will cause any outdoor
fires to spread rapidly. Also, blowing dust is possible in some
areas.

.DAYS TWO THROUGH SEVEN...Saturday through Thursday.

Strong winds are forecast again on Saturday. Southwest wind gusts of
40 to 50 mph are likely from mid morning to mid afternoon.

.SPOTTER INFORMATION STATEMENT...

Spotter activation will likely be needed from 8 pm tonight to 2 am
Saturday.

Expected storm motion is to the northeast around 60 mph.

25

Preliminary Local Storm Report
National Weather Service Lincoln IL
1013 PM CDT Fri Mar 14 2025

..TIME...   ...EVENT...      ...CITY LOCATION...     ...LAT.LON...
..DATE...   ....MAG....      ..COUNTY LOCATION..ST.. ...SOURCE....
            ..REMARKS..

1007 PM     Tstm Wnd Dmg     3 SE Brimfield          40.81N 89.83W
03/14/2025                   Peoria             IL   Emergency Mngr

            Trees down.

&&

37

Preliminary Local Storm Report
National Weather Service Lincoln IL
1015 PM CDT Fri Mar 14 2025

..TIME...   ...EVENT...      ...CITY LOCATION...     ...LAT.LON...
..DATE...   ....MAG....      ..COUNTY LOCATION..ST.. ...SOURCE....
            ..REMARKS..

1010 PM     Tstm Wnd Gst     New Berlin              39.73N 89.91W
03/14/2025  E70 MPH          Sangamon           IL   Emergency Mngr

            60 to 70 mph winds estimated from New Berlin
            to Loami.

&&

37

Preliminary Local Storm Report
National Weather Service Lincoln IL
1022 PM CDT Fri Mar 14 2025

..TIME...   ...EVENT...      ...CITY LOCATION...     ...LAT.LON...
..DATE...   ....MAG....      ..COUNTY LOCATION..ST.. ...SOURCE....
            ..REMARKS..

1019 PM     Hail             Athens                  39.96N 89.73W
03/14/2025  M0.75 Inch       Menard             IL   Public

            Report from mPING: Dime (0.75 in.).

&&

37

Preliminary Local Storm Report
National Weather Service Lincoln IL
1026 PM CDT Fri Mar 14 2025

..TIME...   ...EVENT...      ...CITY LOCATION...     ...LAT.LON...
..DATE...   ....MAG....      ..COUNTY LOCATION..ST.. ...SOURCE....
            ..REMARKS..

1000 PM     Tstm Wnd Dmg     Hanna City              40.69N 89.80W
03/14/2025                   Peoria             IL   Broadcast Media

            Restaurant sign blown over. Time estimated
            from radar.

&&

37

Preliminary Local Storm Report
National Weather Service Lincoln IL
1031 PM CDT Fri Mar 14 2025

..TIME...   ...EVENT...      ...CITY LOCATION...     ...LAT.LON...
..DATE...   ....MAG....      ..COUNTY LOCATION..ST.. ...SOURCE....
            ..REMARKS..

1022 PM     Tstm Wnd Gst     Chillicothe             40.92N 89.49W
03/14/2025  M61 MPH          Peoria             IL   Emergency Mngr

&&

37

Preliminary Local Storm Report
National Weather Service Lincoln IL
1040 PM CDT Fri Mar 14 2025

..TIME...   ...EVENT...      ...CITY LOCATION...     ...LAT.LON...
..DATE...   ....MAG....      ..COUNTY LOCATION..ST.. ...SOURCE....
            ..REMARKS..

1008 PM     Tstm Wnd Dmg     1 E Pekin               40.57N 89.63W
03/14/2025                   Tazewell           IL   Emergency Mngr

            Tree down. Time estimated from radar.

&&

37