Alert archive / Iowa / Tornado Watches in 2023

Tornado Watch 145

April 19, 20234 states

The Storm Prediction Center issued this tornado watch at Apr 19, 2023, 3:45 PM CDT for 4 states. It was in force for 7 hr.

The area

The outline as issued.

The facts

Issued: Apr 19, 2023, 3:45 PM CDT (20:45 UTC)
Expired: Apr 19, 2023, 11:00 PM CDT
In force: 7 hr
Issued by: the Storm Prediction Center
Largest hail expected: 3 in
Strongest gust expected: 65 kt

All 68 counties

Adair County, IA, Adams County, IA, Audubon County, IA, Boone County, IA, Calhoun County, IA, Carroll County, IA, Cass County, IA, Crawford County, IA, Dallas County, IA, Fremont County, IA, Greene County, IA, Guthrie County, IA, Harrison County, IA, Ida County, IA, Madison County, IA, Mills County, IA, Monona County, IA, Montgomery County, IA, Page County, IA, Pottawattamie County, IA, Ringgold County, IA, Sac County, IA, Shelby County, IA, Taylor County, IA, Union County, IA, Woodbury County, IA, Atchison County, KS, Brown County, KS, Clay County, KS, Coffey County, KS, Dickinson County, KS, Doniphan County, KS, Geary County, KS, Jackson County, KS, Jefferson County, KS, Lyon County, KS, Marshall County, KS, Morris County, KS, Nemaha County, KS, Osage County, KS, Pottawatomie County, KS, Riley County, KS, Shawnee County, KS, Wabaunsee County, KS, Washington County, KS, Andrew County, MO, Atchison County, MO, Buchanan County, MO, DeKalb County, MO, Gentry County, MO, Holt County, MO, Nodaway County, MO, Worth County, MO, Burt County, NE, Cass County, NE, Dodge County, NE, Douglas County, NE, Gage County, NE, Johnson County, NE, Lancaster County, NE, Nemaha County, NE, Otoe County, NE, Pawnee County, NE, Richardson County, NE, Sarpy County, NE, Saunders County, NE, Thurston County, NE, Washington County, NE

The radar

The Omaha radar (KOAX), 110 km from the middle of the area, began a volume at 20:46 UTC, the scan nearest the moment this went out.

Open the radar archive at this moment

The archived warnings, watches and discussions in force at that minute are drawn over the scan, this one among them.

What SPC expected

The probabilities SPC published with the watch, for the watch area over its life.

Two or more tornadoes: 50%
One or more EF2 to EF5 tornadoes: 20%
Ten or more severe wind reports: 50%
One or more gusts of 65 knots or more: 40%
Ten or more severe hail reports: 70%
One or more hailstones of 2 inches or more: 70%
Six or more combined severe hail and wind reports: 95%

Warnings issued inside it

81 tornado, severe thunderstorm and flash flood warnings for its counties while it was in force.

Issued	Product	Office	Counties	Lasted
Apr 19, 5:06 PM CDT	Severe Thunderstorm Warning	OAX	Harrison, Monona	54 min
Apr 19, 5:09 PM CDT	Severe Thunderstorm Warning	OAX	Fremont, Mills	66 min
Apr 19, 5:12 PM CDT	Severe Thunderstorm Warning	OAX	Nemaha, Pawnee, Richardson	63 min
Apr 19, 5:30 PM CDT	Severe Thunderstorm Warning	TOP	Marshall, Nemaha	45 min
Apr 19, 5:50 PM CDT	Severe Thunderstorm Warning	OAX	Fremont	40 min
Apr 19, 5:51 PM CDT	Severe Thunderstorm Warning Considerable damage threat	TOP	Marshall, Nemaha	39 min
Apr 19, 5:52 PM CDT	Severe Thunderstorm Warning Considerable damage threat	OAX	Harrison, Monona	68 min
Apr 19, 5:56 PM CDT	Severe Thunderstorm Warning	TOP	Nemaha	37 min
Apr 19, 6:00 PM CDT	Severe Thunderstorm Warning	TOP	Dickinson	45 min
Apr 19, 6:02 PM CDT	Tornado Warning	OAX	Mills	43 min
Apr 19, 6:11 PM CDT	Severe Thunderstorm Warning	OAX	Harrison, Pottawattamie, Shelby	14 min
Apr 19, 6:11 PM CDT	Severe Thunderstorm Warning Considerable damage threat	OAX	Nemaha, Pawnee, Richardson	49 min
Apr 19, 6:13 PM CDT	Severe Thunderstorm Warning	EAX	Atchison	47 min
Apr 19, 6:17 PM CDT	Severe Thunderstorm Warning Considerable damage threat	OAX	Montgomery, Pottawattamie	43 min
Apr 19, 6:18 PM CDT	Tornado Warning	OAX	Mills	42 min
Apr 19, 6:18 PM CDT	Severe Thunderstorm Warning	TOP	Jackson, Pottawatomie, Wabaunsee	42 min
Apr 19, 6:19 PM CDT	Severe Thunderstorm Warning	TOP	Marshall	56 min
Apr 19, 6:25 PM CDT	Severe Thunderstorm Warning	TOP	Dickinson, Geary, Morris, Riley, Wabaunsee	50 min
Apr 19, 6:27 PM CDT	Severe Thunderstorm Warning Considerable damage threat	OAX	Fremont	63 min
Apr 19, 6:28 PM CDT	Severe Thunderstorm Warning	TOP	Dickinson, Geary, Pottawatomie, Riley	47 min
Apr 19, 6:29 PM CDT	Severe Thunderstorm Warning Considerable damage threat	OAX	Pawnee	31 min
Apr 19, 6:46 PM CDT	Severe Thunderstorm Warning	DMX	Crawford	29 min
Apr 19, 6:48 PM CDT	Severe Thunderstorm Warning	TOP	Lyon, Morris, Wabaunsee	42 min
Apr 19, 6:50 PM CDT	Severe Thunderstorm Warning Considerable damage threat	OAX	Mills, Pottawattamie	55 min
Apr 19, 6:50 PM CDT	Severe Thunderstorm Warning	OAX	Monona	25 min
Apr 19, 6:55 PM CDT	Severe Thunderstorm Warning	TOP	Nemaha	20 min
Apr 19, 6:57 PM CDT	Severe Thunderstorm Warning	OAX	Johnson, Nemaha, Pawnee, Richardson	48 min
Apr 19, 7:02 PM CDT	Severe Thunderstorm Warning Considerable damage threat	TOP	Jackson, Pottawatomie, Riley, Shawnee, Wabaunsee	43 min
Apr 19, 7:04 PM CDT	Tornado Warning	OAX	Montgomery, Pottawattamie	28 min
Apr 19, 7:09 PM CDT	Severe Thunderstorm Warning Considerable damage threat	TOP	Marshall, Nemaha, Pottawatomie, Riley	36 min
Apr 19, 7:11 PM CDT	Severe Thunderstorm Warning	OAX	Pottawattamie, Shelby	49 min
Apr 19, 7:11 PM CDT	Tornado Warning	OAX	Pottawattamie	20 min
Apr 19, 7:12 PM CDT	Severe Thunderstorm Warning Considerable damage threat	DMX	Crawford, Sac	48 min
Apr 19, 7:12 PM CDT	Severe Thunderstorm Warning	TOP	Lyon, Osage, Wabaunsee	33 min
Apr 19, 7:18 PM CDT	Tornado Warning	OAX	Pawnee, Richardson	25 min
Apr 19, 7:19 PM CDT	Severe Thunderstorm Warning	OAX	Fremont	41 min
Apr 19, 7:20 PM CDT	Severe Thunderstorm Warning Considerable damage threat	FSD	Ida	40 min
Apr 19, 7:21 PM CDT	Tornado Warning	DMX	Crawford	39 min
Apr 19, 7:21 PM CDT	Severe Thunderstorm Warning Considerable damage threat	TOP	Nemaha	9 min
Apr 19, 7:24 PM CDT	Severe Thunderstorm Warning	DMX	Audubon, Cass	51 min
Apr 19, 7:28 PM CDT	Severe Thunderstorm Warning	OAX	Pottawattamie	31 min
Apr 19, 7:29 PM CDT	Severe Thunderstorm Warning	TOP	Lyon, Morris, Wabaunsee	46 min
Apr 19, 7:32 PM CDT	Severe Thunderstorm Warning	TOP	Nemaha	13 min
Apr 19, 7:37 PM CDT	Severe Thunderstorm Warning	OAX	Fremont, Mills	53 min
Apr 19, 7:37 PM CDT	Tornado Warning	OAX	Pawnee, Richardson	6 min
Apr 19, 7:40 PM CDT	Severe Thunderstorm Warning	OAX	Harrison, Shelby	32 min
Apr 19, 7:40 PM CDT	Severe Thunderstorm Warning Considerable damage threat	TOP	Douglas, Jackson, Jefferson, Osage, Shawnee, Wabaunsee	50 min
Apr 19, 7:43 PM CDT	Severe Thunderstorm Warning Considerable damage threat	TOP	Brown, Marshall, Nemaha	47 min
Apr 19, 7:46 PM CDT	Severe Thunderstorm Warning	TOP	Jackson, Jefferson, Shawnee	44 min
Apr 19, 7:46 PM CDT	Severe Thunderstorm Warning	OAX	Nemaha, Pawnee, Richardson	42 min
Apr 19, 7:47 PM CDT	Tornado Warning	OAX	Fremont	43 min
Apr 19, 7:47 PM CDT	Severe Thunderstorm Warning	TOP	Osage, Wabaunsee	13 min
Apr 19, 7:48 PM CDT	Severe Thunderstorm Warning	EAX	Atchison, Holt	42 min
Apr 19, 7:56 PM CDT	Severe Thunderstorm Warning Considerable damage threat	DMX	Crawford, Sac	49 min
Apr 19, 7:57 PM CDT	Severe Thunderstorm Warning Considerable damage threat	FSD	Ida	33 min
Apr 19, 8:03 PM CDT	Tornado Warning	DMX	Carroll, Crawford, Sac	42 min
Apr 19, 8:06 PM CDT	Severe Thunderstorm Warning	TOP	Osage, Shawnee, Wabaunsee	24 min
Apr 19, 8:14 PM CDT	Severe Thunderstorm Warning	DMX	Audubon, Carroll, Greene, Guthrie	15 min
Apr 19, 8:17 PM CDT	Severe Thunderstorm Warning	DMX	Sac	28 min
Apr 19, 8:25 PM CDT	Severe Thunderstorm Warning	EAX	Atchison, Holt, Nodaway	35 min
Apr 19, 8:27 PM CDT	Severe Thunderstorm Warning	OAX	Fremont, Mills	23 min
Apr 19, 8:29 PM CDT	Severe Thunderstorm Warning	TOP	Douglas, Jefferson, Lyon, Osage, Shawnee, Wabaunsee	46 min
Apr 19, 8:30 PM CDT	Severe Thunderstorm Warning	FSD	Plymouth, Woodbury	30 min
Apr 19, 8:31 PM CDT	Severe Thunderstorm Warning	OAX	Fremont, Mills, Pottawattamie	59 min
Apr 19, 8:32 PM CDT	Severe Thunderstorm Warning	TOP	Marshall, Nemaha	24 min
Apr 19, 8:39 PM CDT	Tornado Warning Tornado observed	TOP	Lyon, Morris	50 min
Apr 19, 8:42 PM CDT	Severe Thunderstorm Warning	DMX	Adair, Dallas, Guthrie, Madison	48 min
Apr 19, 8:47 PM CDT	Severe Thunderstorm Warning	OAX	Cass, Otoe	28 min
Apr 19, 8:53 PM CDT	Severe Thunderstorm Warning	EAX	Andrew, Atchison, Holt, Nodaway	24 min
Apr 19, 9:11 PM CDT	Severe Thunderstorm Warning	TOP	Lyon, Morris, Wabaunsee	34 min
Apr 19, 9:12 PM CDT	Severe Thunderstorm Warning	TOP	Douglas, Jefferson, Osage, Shawnee	48 min
Apr 19, 9:19 PM CDT	Severe Thunderstorm Warning	DMX	Boone, Dallas, Polk	26 min
Apr 19, 9:25 PM CDT	Tornado Warning	TOP	Lyon, Osage	17 min
Apr 19, 9:26 PM CDT	Severe Thunderstorm Warning	OAX	Mills, Pottawattamie	26 min
Apr 19, 9:39 PM CDT	Severe Thunderstorm Warning	TOP	Lyon, Osage, Wabaunsee	22 min
Apr 19, 9:44 PM CDT	Severe Thunderstorm Warning	DMX	Boone, Dallas, Polk, Story	46 min
Apr 19, 9:57 PM CDT	Severe Thunderstorm Warning	TOP	Douglas, Jefferson, Osage, Shawnee	48 min
Apr 19, 10:03 PM CDT	Severe Thunderstorm Warning	TOP	Pottawatomie, Riley	27 min
Apr 19, 10:10 PM CDT	Severe Thunderstorm Warning	DMX	Boone, Marshall, Polk, Story	50 min
Apr 19, 10:29 PM CDT	Severe Thunderstorm Warning	TOP	Pottawatomie	31 min
Apr 19, 10:34 PM CDT	Severe Thunderstorm Warning	TOP	Morris	26 min

Discussions around it

SPC mesoscale discussions over the same counties from four hours before the watch to its end.

The nearest sounding before it

Omaha, NE (KOAX), launched 12:00Z, 8.8 hours before the alert went out and 110 km from the middle of its area. This is the routine balloon launch nearest before it, the air the forecaster had in hand, not a measurement taken for the alert.

Skew-T log-p

Temperature in red, dew point in green, the mixed-layer parcel dashed.

Hodograph

The wind turning with height, colored by layer: ground to 1 km, 1 to 3 km, 3 to 6 km, 6 to 10 km.

Mixed-layer CAPE: 601 J/kg
Mixed-layer CIN: -193 J/kg
Mixed-layer LCL: 853 m above ground
0-6 km bulk shear: 53 kt
0-1 km storm-relative helicity: 275 m²/s²
0-3 km storm-relative helicity: 314 m²/s²
Significant tornado parameter: 0.0
Supercell composite: 1.7

Open this sounding in Storm Lab

SPC that day

Everything else SPC issued on the same UTC day.

Issued	Product	Office	Counties	Lasted
Apr 18, 9:45 PM CDT	Mesoscale Discussion	SPC	Harrison, Mills, Pottawattamie	3 hr
Apr 19, 2:45 PM CDT	Mesoscale Discussion	SPC	Adair, Adams, Audubon, Buena Vista, Calhoun, Carroll and 34 more	3 hr
Apr 19, 3:47 PM CDT	Severe Thunderstorm Watch	SPC	Buena Vista, Cherokee, Clay, Dickinson, Emmet, Hamilton and 11 more	7 hr
Apr 19, 5:15 PM CDT	Mesoscale Discussion	SPC	Allen, Anderson, Butler, Chase, Coffey, Douglas and 13 more	2 hr

Nearby

Tornado Watches in Iowa, 2023 Tornado Watches in Kansas, 2023 Tornado Watches in Nebraska, 2023 Every tornado watch in 2023

Sources

The product and its follow-ups from the Iowa Environmental Mesonet's archive of National Weather Service and Storm Prediction Center text; the sounding from the Mesonet's radiosonde archive; radar from the NEXRAD Level II archive.