Alert archive / Virginia / Small Craft Advisories in 2021
Small Craft Advisory 231, NWS Baltimore/Washington
NWS Baltimore/Washington issued this small craft advisory at Nov 17, 2021, 7:04 PM EST. It took effect at Nov 17, 2021, 11:14 PM EST. It was in force for 33 hr.
The area
The counties it named.
The facts
- Issued
- Nov 17, 2021, 7:04 PM EST (00:04 UTC)
- In effect from
- Nov 17, 2021, 11:14 PM EST
- Expired
- Nov 19, 2021, 8:02 AM EST
- In force
- 33 hr
- Issued by
- NWS Baltimore/Washington
The text
As transmitted.
327 WHUS71 KLWX 180004 MWWLWX URGENT - MARINE WEATHER MESSAGE National Weather Service Baltimore MD/Washington DC 704 PM EST Wed Nov 17 2021 ANZ530-535-536-538-542-180815- /O.CAN.KLWX.SC.Y.0230.000000T0000Z-211118T2300Z/ /O.NEW.KLWX.SC.Y.0231.211118T1300Z-211118T2300Z/ Chesapeake Bay north of Pooles Island MD- Tidal Potomac from Key Bridge to Indian Head MD- Tidal Potomac from Indian Head to Cobb Island MD- Patapsco River including Baltimore Harbor- Patuxent River to Broomes Island MD- 704 PM EST Wed Nov 17 2021 ...SMALL CRAFT ADVISORY IN EFFECT FROM 8 AM TO 6 PM EST THURSDAY... * WHAT...Southwest winds 10 to 15 kt with gusts up to 25 kt expected. * WHERE...Tidal Potomac River from Key Bridge to Cobb Island MD, Chesapeake Bay north of Pooles Island MD, Patapsco River including Baltimore Harbor, and Patuxent River to Broomes Island MD. * WHEN...From 8 AM to 6 PM EST Thursday. * IMPACTS...Conditions will be hazardous to small craft. PRECAUTIONARY/PREPAREDNESS ACTIONS... Inexperienced mariners, especially those operating smaller vessels, should avoid navigating in hazardous conditions. && $$ ANZ531>534-537-539>541-543-180815- /O.CON.KLWX.SC.Y.0230.000000T0000Z-211118T2300Z/ Chesapeake Bay from Pooles Island to Sandy Point MD- Chesapeake Bay from Sandy Point to North Beach MD- Chesapeake Bay from North Beach to Drum Point MD- Chesapeake Bay from Drum Point MD to Smith Point VA- Tidal Potomac from Cobb Island MD to Smith Point VA- Chester River to Queenstown MD-Eastern Bay- Choptank River to Cambridge MD and the Little Choptank River- Tangier Sound and the inland waters surrounding Bloodsworth Island- 704 PM EST Wed Nov 17 2021 ...SMALL CRAFT ADVISORY REMAINS IN EFFECT UNTIL 6 PM EST THURSDAY... * WHAT...South winds 10 to 15 kt with gusts up to 25 kt. * WHERE...Chesapeake Bay from Pooles Island MD to Smith Point VA, Chester River to Queenstown MD, Tangier Sound and the inland waters surrounding Bloodsworth Island, Choptank River to Cambridge MD and the Little Choptank River, Tidal Potomac from Cobb Island MD to Smith Point VA, and Eastern Bay. * WHEN...Until 6 PM EST Thursday. * IMPACTS...Conditions will be hazardous to small craft. PRECAUTIONARY/PREPAREDNESS ACTIONS... Inexperienced mariners, especially those operating smaller vessels, should avoid navigating in hazardous conditions. && $$
9 follow-up statements
485 WHUS71 KLWX 180414 MWWLWX URGENT - MARINE WEATHER MESSAGE National Weather Service Baltimore MD/Washington DC 1114 PM EST Wed Nov 17 2021 ANZ536-181215- /O.EXT.KLWX.SC.Y.0231.211118T0414Z-211118T2300Z/ Tidal Potomac from Indian Head to Cobb Island MD- 1114 PM EST Wed Nov 17 2021 ...SMALL CRAFT ADVISORY NOW IN EFFECT UNTIL 6 PM EST THURSDAY... * WHAT...Southwest winds 10 to 15 kt with gusts up to 25 kt. * WHERE...Tidal Potomac from Indian Head to Cobb Island MD. * WHEN...Until 6 PM EST Thursday. * IMPACTS...Conditions will be hazardous to small craft. PRECAUTIONARY/PREPAREDNESS ACTIONS... Inexperienced mariners, especially those operating smaller vessels, should avoid navigating in hazardous conditions. && $$ ANZ531>534-537-539>541-543-181215- /O.CON.KLWX.SC.Y.0230.000000T0000Z-211118T2300Z/ Chesapeake Bay from Pooles Island to Sandy Point MD- Chesapeake Bay from Sandy Point to North Beach MD- Chesapeake Bay from North Beach to Drum Point MD- Chesapeake Bay from Drum Point MD to Smith Point VA- Tidal Potomac from Cobb Island MD to Smith Point VA- Chester River to Queenstown MD-Eastern Bay- Choptank River to Cambridge MD and the Little Choptank River- Tangier Sound and the inland waters surrounding Bloodsworth Island- 1114 PM EST Wed Nov 17 2021 ...SMALL CRAFT ADVISORY REMAINS IN EFFECT UNTIL 6 PM EST THURSDAY... * WHAT...Southwest winds 10 to 15 kt with gusts up to 25 kt. * WHERE...Chesapeake Bay from Pooles Island MD to Smith Point VA, Chester River to Queenstown MD, Tangier Sound and the inland waters surrounding Bloodsworth Island, Choptank River to Cambridge MD and the Little Choptank River, Tidal Potomac from Cobb Island MD to Smith Point VA, and Eastern Bay. * WHEN...Until 6 PM EST Thursday. * IMPACTS...Conditions will be hazardous to small craft. PRECAUTIONARY/PREPAREDNESS ACTIONS... Inexperienced mariners, especially those operating smaller vessels, should avoid navigating in hazardous conditions. && $$ ANZ530-535-538-542-181215- /O.CON.KLWX.SC.Y.0231.211118T1300Z-211118T2300Z/ Chesapeake Bay north of Pooles Island MD- Tidal Potomac from Key Bridge to Indian Head MD- Patapsco River including Baltimore Harbor- Patuxent River to Broomes Island MD- 1114 PM EST Wed Nov 17 2021 ...SMALL CRAFT ADVISORY REMAINS IN EFFECT FROM 8 AM TO 6 PM EST THURSDAY... * WHAT...Southwest winds 10 to 15 kt with gusts up to 25 kt expected. * WHERE...Patapsco River including Baltimore Harbor, Patuxent River to Broomes Island MD, Chesapeake Bay north of Pooles Island MD and Tidal Potomac from Key Bridge to Indian Head MD. * WHEN...From 8 AM to 6 PM EST Thursday. * IMPACTS...Conditions will be hazardous to small craft. PRECAUTIONARY/PREPAREDNESS ACTIONS... Inexperienced mariners, especially those operating smaller vessels, should avoid navigating in hazardous conditions. && $$
038 WHUS71 KLWX 180845 MWWLWX URGENT - MARINE WEATHER MESSAGE National Weather Service Baltimore MD/Washington DC 345 AM EST Thu Nov 18 2021 ANZ530-535-538-542-181645- /O.EXT.KLWX.SC.Y.0231.211118T1300Z-211119T2300Z/ Chesapeake Bay north of Pooles Island MD- Tidal Potomac from Key Bridge to Indian Head MD- Patapsco River including Baltimore Harbor- Patuxent River to Broomes Island MD- 345 AM EST Thu Nov 18 2021 ...SMALL CRAFT ADVISORY NOW IN EFFECT FROM 8 AM THIS MORNING TO 6 PM EST FRIDAY... * WHAT...Southwest winds today 10 to 15 kt with gusts up to 25 kt expected. Winds will quickly turn northwest this evening and continue through Friday. * WHERE...Patapsco River including Baltimore Harbor, Patuxent River to Broomes Island MD, Chesapeake Bay north of Pooles Island MD and Tidal Potomac from Key Bridge to Indian Head MD. * WHEN...From 8 AM this morning to 6 PM EST Friday. * IMPACTS...Conditions will be hazardous to small craft. PRECAUTIONARY/PREPAREDNESS ACTIONS... Inexperienced mariners, especially those operating smaller vessels, should avoid navigating in hazardous conditions. && $$ ANZ531>534-537-539>541-543-181645- /O.EXT.KLWX.SC.Y.0230.000000T0000Z-211119T2300Z/ Chesapeake Bay from Pooles Island to Sandy Point MD- Chesapeake Bay from Sandy Point to North Beach MD- Chesapeake Bay from North Beach to Drum Point MD- Chesapeake Bay from Drum Point MD to Smith Point VA- Tidal Potomac from Cobb Island MD to Smith Point VA- Chester River to Queenstown MD-Eastern Bay- Choptank River to Cambridge MD and the Little Choptank River- Tangier Sound and the inland waters surrounding Bloodsworth Island- 345 AM EST Thu Nov 18 2021 ...SMALL CRAFT ADVISORY NOW IN EFFECT UNTIL 6 PM EST FRIDAY... * WHAT...Southwest winds today 10 to 15 kt with gusts up to 25 kt expected. Winds will quickly turn northwest this evening and continue through Friday. Winds this evening through Friday will be 15 to 20 kt with gusts around 30 kt. * WHERE...Chesapeake Bay from Pooles Island MD to Smith Point VA, Chester River to Queenstown MD, Tangier Sound and the inland waters surrounding Bloodsworth Island, Choptank River to Cambridge MD and the Little Choptank River, Tidal Potomac from Cobb Island MD to Smith Point VA, and Eastern Bay. * WHEN...Until 6 PM EST Friday. * IMPACTS...Conditions will be hazardous to small craft. PRECAUTIONARY/PREPAREDNESS ACTIONS... Inexperienced mariners, especially those operating smaller vessels, should avoid navigating in hazardous conditions. && $$ ANZ536-181645- /O.EXT.KLWX.SC.Y.0231.000000T0000Z-211119T2300Z/ Tidal Potomac from Indian Head to Cobb Island MD- 345 AM EST Thu Nov 18 2021 ...SMALL CRAFT ADVISORY NOW IN EFFECT UNTIL 6 PM EST FRIDAY... * WHAT...Southwest winds today 10 to 15 kt with gusts up to 25 kt expected. Winds will quickly turn northwest this evening and continue through Friday. * WHERE...Tidal Potomac from Indian Head to Cobb Island MD. * WHEN...Until 6 PM EST Friday. * IMPACTS...Conditions will be hazardous to small craft. PRECAUTIONARY/PREPAREDNESS ACTIONS... Inexperienced mariners, especially those operating smaller vessels, should avoid navigating in hazardous conditions. && $$
674 WHUS71 KLWX 181700 MWWLWX URGENT - MARINE WEATHER MESSAGE National Weather Service Baltimore MD/Washington DC 1200 PM EST Thu Nov 18 2021 ANZ531>534-537-539>541-543-190100- /O.CON.KLWX.SC.Y.0230.000000T0000Z-211119T2300Z/ Chesapeake Bay from Pooles Island to Sandy Point MD- Chesapeake Bay from Sandy Point to North Beach MD- Chesapeake Bay from North Beach to Drum Point MD- Chesapeake Bay from Drum Point MD to Smith Point VA- Tidal Potomac from Cobb Island MD to Smith Point VA- Chester River to Queenstown MD-Eastern Bay- Choptank River to Cambridge MD and the Little Choptank River- Tangier Sound and the inland waters surrounding Bloodsworth Island- 1200 PM EST Thu Nov 18 2021 ...SMALL CRAFT ADVISORY REMAINS IN EFFECT UNTIL 6 PM EST FRIDAY... * WHAT...Southwest winds today 10 to 15 kt with gusts up to 25 kt expected. Winds will quickly turn northwest this evening and continue through Friday. Winds this evening through Friday will be 15 to 20 kt with gusts around 30 kt. * WHERE...Chesapeake Bay from Pooles Island MD to Smith Point VA, Chester River to Queenstown MD, Tangier Sound and the inland waters surrounding Bloodsworth Island, Choptank River to Cambridge MD and the Little Choptank River, Tidal Potomac from Cobb Island MD to Smith Point VA, and Eastern Bay. * WHEN...Until 6 PM EST Friday. * IMPACTS...Conditions will be hazardous to small craft. PRECAUTIONARY/PREPAREDNESS ACTIONS... Inexperienced mariners, especially those operating smaller vessels, should avoid navigating in hazardous conditions. && $$ ANZ530-535-536-538-542-190100- /O.CON.KLWX.SC.Y.0231.000000T0000Z-211119T2300Z/ Chesapeake Bay north of Pooles Island MD- Tidal Potomac from Key Bridge to Indian Head MD- Tidal Potomac from Indian Head to Cobb Island MD- Patapsco River including Baltimore Harbor- Patuxent River to Broomes Island MD- 1200 PM EST Thu Nov 18 2021 ...SMALL CRAFT ADVISORY REMAINS IN EFFECT UNTIL 6 PM EST FRIDAY... * WHAT...Southwest winds today 10 to 15 kt with gusts up to 25 kt expected. Winds will quickly turn northwest this evening and continue through Friday. * WHERE...Patapsco River including Baltimore Harbor, Patuxent River to Broomes Island MD, Chesapeake Bay north of Pooles Island MD and Tidal Potomac from Key Bridge to Indian Head MD. * WHEN...From 8 AM this morning to 6 PM EST Friday. * IMPACTS...Conditions will be hazardous to small craft. PRECAUTIONARY/PREPAREDNESS ACTIONS... Inexperienced mariners, especially those operating smaller vessels, should avoid navigating in hazardous conditions. && $$
907 WHUS71 KLWX 182038 MWWLWX URGENT - MARINE WEATHER MESSAGE National Weather Service Baltimore MD/Washington DC 338 PM EST Thu Nov 18 2021 ANZ531>534-537-539>541-543-190445- /O.CON.KLWX.SC.Y.0230.000000T0000Z-211119T2300Z/ Chesapeake Bay from Pooles Island to Sandy Point MD- Chesapeake Bay from Sandy Point to North Beach MD- Chesapeake Bay from North Beach to Drum Point MD- Chesapeake Bay from Drum Point MD to Smith Point VA- Tidal Potomac from Cobb Island MD to Smith Point VA- Chester River to Queenstown MD-Eastern Bay- Choptank River to Cambridge MD and the Little Choptank River- Tangier Sound and the inland waters surrounding Bloodsworth Island- 338 PM EST Thu Nov 18 2021 ...SMALL CRAFT ADVISORY REMAINS IN EFFECT UNTIL 6 PM EST FRIDAY... * WHAT...Southwest winds today 10 to 15 kt with gusts up to 25 kt. Winds will quickly turn northwest this evening and continue through Friday. Winds this evening through Friday will be 15 to 20 kt with gusts around 30 kt. * WHERE...Chesapeake Bay from Pooles Island MD to Smith Point VA, Chester River to Queenstown MD, Tangier Sound and the inland waters surrounding Bloodsworth Island, Choptank River to Cambridge MD and the Little Choptank River, Tidal Potomac from Cobb Island MD to Smith Point VA, and Eastern Bay. * WHEN...Until 6 PM EST Friday. * IMPACTS...Conditions will be hazardous to small craft. PRECAUTIONARY/PREPAREDNESS ACTIONS... Inexperienced mariners, especially those operating smaller vessels, should avoid navigating in hazardous conditions. && $$ ANZ530-535-536-538-542-190445- /O.CON.KLWX.SC.Y.0231.000000T0000Z-211119T2300Z/ Chesapeake Bay north of Pooles Island MD- Tidal Potomac from Key Bridge to Indian Head MD- Tidal Potomac from Indian Head to Cobb Island MD- Patapsco River including Baltimore Harbor- Patuxent River to Broomes Island MD- 338 PM EST Thu Nov 18 2021 ...SMALL CRAFT ADVISORY REMAINS IN EFFECT UNTIL 6 PM EST FRIDAY... * WHAT...Southwest winds today 10 to 15 kt with gusts up to 25 kt. Winds will quickly turn northwest this evening and continue through Friday. * WHERE...Tidal Potomac River from Key Bridge to Cobb Island MD, Patapsco River including Baltimore Harbor, Patuxent River to Broomes Island MD, and Chesapeake Bay north of Pooles Island MD. * WHEN...Until 6 PM EST Friday. * IMPACTS...Conditions will be hazardous to small craft. PRECAUTIONARY/PREPAREDNESS ACTIONS... Inexperienced mariners, especially those operating smaller vessels, should avoid navigating in hazardous conditions. && $$
101 WHUS71 KLWX 182206 MWWLWX URGENT - MARINE WEATHER MESSAGE National Weather Service Baltimore MD/Washington DC 506 PM EST Thu Nov 18 2021 ANZ531>534-537-539>541-543-190615- /O.EXT.KLWX.SC.Y.0230.000000T0000Z-211118T2300Z/ /O.NEW.KLWX.GL.W.0030.211118T2300Z-211119T1700Z/ /O.NEW.KLWX.SC.Y.0232.211119T1700Z-211119T2300Z/ Chesapeake Bay from Pooles Island to Sandy Point MD- Chesapeake Bay from Sandy Point to North Beach MD- Chesapeake Bay from North Beach to Drum Point MD- Chesapeake Bay from Drum Point MD to Smith Point VA- Tidal Potomac from Cobb Island MD to Smith Point VA- Chester River to Queenstown MD-Eastern Bay- Choptank River to Cambridge MD and the Little Choptank River- Tangier Sound and the inland waters surrounding Bloodsworth Island- 506 PM EST Thu Nov 18 2021 ...SMALL CRAFT ADVISORY NOW IN EFFECT UNTIL 6 PM EST THIS EVENING... ...GALE WARNING IN EFFECT FROM 6 PM EST THIS EVENING UNTIL NOON EST FRIDAY... ...SMALL CRAFT ADVISORY IN EFFECT FROM NOON TO 6 PM EST FRIDAY... * WHAT...For the Gale Warning, northwest winds 15 to 25 kt with gusts up to 35 kt expected. For the first Small Craft Advisory, southwest winds 10 to 15 kt with gusts up to 20 kt. For the second Small Craft Advisory, northwest winds 15 to 20 kt with gusts up to 30 kt expected. * WHERE...Chesapeake Bay from Pooles Island MD to Smith Point VA, Tidal Potomac from Cobb Island MD to Smith Point VA, Chester River to Queenstown MD, Eastern Bay, Choptank River to Cambridge MD and the Little Choptank River, and Tangier Sound and the inland waters surrounding Bloodsworth Island. * WHEN...For the Gale Warning, until noon EST Friday. For the Small Craft Advisory, until 6 PM EST this evening, then from noon to 6 PM EST Friday. * IMPACTS...Strong winds will cause hazardous waves which could capsize or damage vessels. PRECAUTIONARY/PREPAREDNESS ACTIONS... Mariners should alter plans to avoid these hazardous conditions. Remain in port, seek safe harbor, alter course, and/or secure the vessel for severe conditions. && $$ ANZ530-535-536-538-542-190615- /O.CON.KLWX.SC.Y.0231.000000T0000Z-211119T2300Z/ Chesapeake Bay north of Pooles Island MD- Tidal Potomac from Key Bridge to Indian Head MD- Tidal Potomac from Indian Head to Cobb Island MD- Patapsco River including Baltimore Harbor- Patuxent River to Broomes Island MD- 506 PM EST Thu Nov 18 2021 ...SMALL CRAFT ADVISORY REMAINS IN EFFECT UNTIL 6 PM EST FRIDAY... * WHAT...Winds shifting from southwest to northwest this evening, 10 to 15 kt with gusts up to 25 kt. * WHERE...Tidal Potomac River from Key Bridge to Cobb Island MD, Patapsco River including Baltimore Harbor, Patuxent River to Broomes Island MD, and Chesapeake Bay north of Pooles Island MD. * WHEN...Until 6 PM EST Friday. * IMPACTS...Conditions will be hazardous to small craft. PRECAUTIONARY/PREPAREDNESS ACTIONS... Inexperienced mariners, especially those operating smaller vessels, should avoid navigating in hazardous conditions. && $$
838 WHUS71 KLWX 182345 MWWLWX URGENT - MARINE WEATHER MESSAGE National Weather Service Baltimore MD/Washington DC 645 PM EST Thu Nov 18 2021 ANZ531>534-537-539>541-543-190745- /O.CON.KLWX.GL.W.0030.000000T0000Z-211119T1700Z/ /O.EXT.KLWX.SC.Y.0232.211119T1700Z-211120T0500Z/ Chesapeake Bay from Pooles Island to Sandy Point MD- Chesapeake Bay from Sandy Point to North Beach MD- Chesapeake Bay from North Beach to Drum Point MD- Chesapeake Bay from Drum Point MD to Smith Point VA- Tidal Potomac from Cobb Island MD to Smith Point VA- Chester River to Queenstown MD-Eastern Bay- Choptank River to Cambridge MD and the Little Choptank River- Tangier Sound and the inland waters surrounding Bloodsworth Island- 645 PM EST Thu Nov 18 2021 ...GALE WARNING REMAINS IN EFFECT UNTIL NOON EST FRIDAY... ...SMALL CRAFT ADVISORY NOW IN EFFECT FROM NOON FRIDAY TO MIDNIGHT EST FRIDAY NIGHT... * WHAT...For the Gale Warning, southwest winds shifting to northwest this evening, 15 to 25 kt with gusts up to 35 kt and waves 2 to 4 ft. For the Small Craft Advisory, northwest winds 10 to 20 kt with gusts up to 30 kt and waves 2 to 4 ft expected. * WHERE...Chesapeake Bay from Pooles Island MD to Smith Point VA, Chester River to Queenstown MD, Tangier Sound and the inland waters surrounding Bloodsworth Island, Choptank River to Cambridge MD and the Little Choptank River, Tidal Potomac from Cobb Island MD to Smith Point VA, and Eastern Bay. * WHEN...For the Gale Warning, until noon EST Friday. For the Small Craft Advisory, from noon Friday to midnight EST Friday night. * IMPACTS...Strong winds will cause hazardous waves which could capsize or damage vessels. PRECAUTIONARY/PREPAREDNESS ACTIONS... Mariners should alter plans to avoid these hazardous conditions. Remain in port, seek safe harbor, alter course, and/or secure the vessel for severe conditions. && $$ ANZ530-535-536-538-542-190745- /O.EXT.KLWX.SC.Y.0231.000000T0000Z-211120T0100Z/ Chesapeake Bay north of Pooles Island MD- Tidal Potomac from Key Bridge to Indian Head MD- Tidal Potomac from Indian Head to Cobb Island MD- Patapsco River including Baltimore Harbor- Patuxent River to Broomes Island MD- 645 PM EST Thu Nov 18 2021 ...SMALL CRAFT ADVISORY NOW IN EFFECT UNTIL 8 PM EST FRIDAY... * WHAT...Northwest winds 10 to 20 kt with gusts up to 30 kt. * WHERE...Tidal Potomac River from Key Bridge to Cobb Island MD, Patapsco River including Baltimore Harbor, Patuxent River to Broomes Island MD, and Chesapeake Bay north of Pooles Island MD. * WHEN...Until 8 PM EST Friday. * IMPACTS...Conditions will be hazardous to small craft. PRECAUTIONARY/PREPAREDNESS ACTIONS... Inexperienced mariners, especially those operating smaller vessels, should avoid navigating in hazardous conditions. && $$
552 WHUS71 KLWX 190118 MWWLWX URGENT - MARINE WEATHER MESSAGE National Weather Service Baltimore MD/Washington DC 818 PM EST Thu Nov 18 2021 ANZ530-538-190930- /O.UPG.KLWX.SC.Y.0231.000000T0000Z-211120T0100Z/ /O.EXA.KLWX.GL.W.0030.000000T0000Z-211119T1700Z/ /O.NEW.KLWX.SC.Y.0233.211119T1700Z-211120T0100Z/ Chesapeake Bay north of Pooles Island MD- Patapsco River including Baltimore Harbor- 818 PM EST Thu Nov 18 2021 ...GALE WARNING IN EFFECT UNTIL NOON EST FRIDAY... ...SMALL CRAFT ADVISORY IN EFFECT FROM NOON TO 8 PM EST FRIDAY... * WHAT...For the Gale Warning, northwest winds 10 to 20 kt with gusts up to 35 kt. For the Small Craft Advisory, northwest winds 10 to 15 kt with gusts up to 25 kt expected. * WHERE...Chesapeake Bay north of Pooles Island MD and Patapsco River including Baltimore Harbor. * WHEN...For the Gale Warning, until noon EST Friday. For the Small Craft Advisory, from noon to 8 PM EST Friday. * IMPACTS...Strong winds will cause hazardous waves which could capsize or damage vessels. PRECAUTIONARY/PREPAREDNESS ACTIONS... Mariners should alter plans to avoid these hazardous conditions. Remain in port, seek safe harbor, alter course, and/or secure the vessel for severe conditions. && $$ ANZ531>534-537-539>541-543-190930- /O.CON.KLWX.GL.W.0030.000000T0000Z-211119T1700Z/ /O.CON.KLWX.SC.Y.0232.211119T1700Z-211120T0500Z/ Chesapeake Bay from Pooles Island to Sandy Point MD- Chesapeake Bay from Sandy Point to North Beach MD- Chesapeake Bay from North Beach to Drum Point MD- Chesapeake Bay from Drum Point MD to Smith Point VA- Tidal Potomac from Cobb Island MD to Smith Point VA- Chester River to Queenstown MD-Eastern Bay- Choptank River to Cambridge MD and the Little Choptank River- Tangier Sound and the inland waters surrounding Bloodsworth Island- 818 PM EST Thu Nov 18 2021 ...GALE WARNING REMAINS IN EFFECT UNTIL NOON EST FRIDAY... ...SMALL CRAFT ADVISORY REMAINS IN EFFECT FROM NOON FRIDAY TO MIDNIGHT EST FRIDAY NIGHT... * WHAT...For the Gale Warning, northwest winds 15 to 25 kt with gusts up to 35 kt and waves 2 to 4 ft. For the Small Craft Advisory, northwest winds 10 to 20 kt with gusts up to 30 kt and waves 2 to 4 ft expected. * WHERE...Chesapeake Bay from Pooles Island MD to Smith Point VA, Chester River to Queenstown MD, Tangier Sound and the inland waters surrounding Bloodsworth Island, Choptank River to Cambridge MD and the Little Choptank River, Tidal Potomac from Cobb Island MD to Smith Point VA, and Eastern Bay. * WHEN...For the Gale Warning, until noon EST Friday. For the Small Craft Advisory, from noon Friday to midnight EST Friday night. * IMPACTS...Strong winds will cause hazardous waves which could capsize or damage vessels. PRECAUTIONARY/PREPAREDNESS ACTIONS... Mariners should alter plans to avoid these hazardous conditions. Remain in port, seek safe harbor, alter course, and/or secure the vessel for severe conditions. && $$ ANZ535-536-542-190930- /O.CON.KLWX.SC.Y.0231.000000T0000Z-211120T0100Z/ Tidal Potomac from Key Bridge to Indian Head MD- Tidal Potomac from Indian Head to Cobb Island MD- Patuxent River to Broomes Island MD- 818 PM EST Thu Nov 18 2021 ...SMALL CRAFT ADVISORY REMAINS IN EFFECT UNTIL 8 PM EST FRIDAY... * WHAT...Northwest winds 10 to 20 kt with gusts up to 30 kt. * WHERE...Tidal Potomac River from Key Bridge to Cobb Island MD, and Patuxent River to Broomes Island MD. * WHEN...Until 8 PM EST Friday. * IMPACTS...Conditions will be hazardous to small craft. PRECAUTIONARY/PREPAREDNESS ACTIONS... Inexperienced mariners, especially those operating smaller vessels, should avoid navigating in hazardous conditions. && $$
642 WHUS71 KLWX 190830 MWWLWX URGENT - MARINE WEATHER MESSAGE National Weather Service Baltimore MD/Washington DC 330 AM EST Fri Nov 19 2021 ANZ530-538-191630- /O.CON.KLWX.GL.W.0030.000000T0000Z-211119T1700Z/ /O.CON.KLWX.SC.Y.0233.211119T1700Z-211120T0100Z/ /O.NEW.KLWX.GL.A.0008.211122T1700Z-211124T1100Z/ Chesapeake Bay north of Pooles Island MD- Patapsco River including Baltimore Harbor- 330 AM EST Fri Nov 19 2021 ...GALE WARNING REMAINS IN EFFECT UNTIL NOON EST TODAY... ...SMALL CRAFT ADVISORY REMAINS IN EFFECT FROM NOON TODAY TO 8 PM EST THIS EVENING... ...GALE WATCH IN EFFECT FROM MONDAY AFTERNOON THROUGH LATE TUESDAY NIGHT... * WHAT...For the Gale Warning, northwest winds 10 to 20 kt with gusts up to 35 kt. For the Small Craft Advisory, northwest winds 10 to 15 kt with gusts up to 25 kt expected. For the Gale Watch, northwest winds 15 to 20 kt with gusts up to 35 kt possible. * WHERE...Chesapeake Bay north of Pooles Island MD and Patapsco River including Baltimore Harbor. * WHEN...For the Gale Warning, until noon EST today. For the Small Craft Advisory, from noon today to 8 PM EST this evening. For the Gale Watch, from Monday afternoon through late Tuesday night. * IMPACTS...Strong winds will cause hazardous waves which could capsize or damage vessels. PRECAUTIONARY/PREPAREDNESS ACTIONS... Mariners should alter plans to avoid these hazardous conditions. Remain in port, seek safe harbor, alter course, and/or secure the vessel for severe conditions. && $$ ANZ531>534-537-539>541-543-191630- /O.CON.KLWX.GL.W.0030.000000T0000Z-211119T1700Z/ /O.CON.KLWX.SC.Y.0232.211119T1700Z-211120T0500Z/ /O.NEW.KLWX.GL.A.0008.211122T1700Z-211124T1100Z/ Chesapeake Bay from Pooles Island to Sandy Point MD- Chesapeake Bay from Sandy Point to North Beach MD- Chesapeake Bay from North Beach to Drum Point MD- Chesapeake Bay from Drum Point MD to Smith Point VA- Tidal Potomac from Cobb Island MD to Smith Point VA- Chester River to Queenstown MD-Eastern Bay- Choptank River to Cambridge MD and the Little Choptank River- Tangier Sound and the inland waters surrounding Bloodsworth Island- 330 AM EST Fri Nov 19 2021 ...GALE WARNING REMAINS IN EFFECT UNTIL NOON EST TODAY... ...SMALL CRAFT ADVISORY REMAINS IN EFFECT FROM NOON TODAY TO MIDNIGHT EST TONIGHT... ...GALE WATCH IN EFFECT FROM MONDAY AFTERNOON THROUGH LATE TUESDAY NIGHT... * WHAT...For the Gale Warning, northwest winds 15 to 25 kt with gusts up to 35 kt and waves 2 to 4 ft. For the Small Craft Advisory, northwest winds 10 to 20 kt with gusts up to 30 kt and waves 2 to 4 ft expected. For the Gale Watch, northwest winds 15 to 25 kt with gusts up to 35 kt and waves 2 to 4 ft possible. * WHERE...Chesapeake Bay from Pooles Island MD to Smith Point VA, Tidal Potomac from Cobb Island MD to Smith Point VA, Chester River to Queenstown MD, Eastern Bay, Choptank River to Cambridge MD and the Little Choptank River, and Tangier Sound and the inland waters surrounding Bloodsworth Island. * WHEN...For the Gale Warning, until noon EST today. For the Small Craft Advisory, from noon today to midnight EST tonight. For the Gale Watch, from Monday afternoon through late Tuesday night. * IMPACTS...Strong winds will cause hazardous waves which could capsize or damage vessels. PRECAUTIONARY/PREPAREDNESS ACTIONS... Mariners should alter plans to avoid these hazardous conditions. Remain in port, seek safe harbor, alter course, and/or secure the vessel for severe conditions. && $$ ANZ535-536-542-191630- /O.CON.KLWX.SC.Y.0231.000000T0000Z-211120T0100Z/ /O.NEW.KLWX.GL.A.0008.211122T1700Z-211124T1100Z/ Tidal Potomac from Key Bridge to Indian Head MD- Tidal Potomac from Indian Head to Cobb Island MD- Patuxent River to Broomes Island MD- 330 AM EST Fri Nov 19 2021 ...SMALL CRAFT ADVISORY REMAINS IN EFFECT UNTIL 8 PM EST THIS EVENING... ...GALE WATCH IN EFFECT FROM MONDAY AFTERNOON THROUGH LATE TUESDAY NIGHT... * WHAT...For the Small Craft Advisory, northwest winds 10 to 20 kt with gusts up to 30 kt. For the Gale Watch, northwest winds 10 to 20 kt with gusts up to 35 kt possible. * WHERE...Tidal Potomac River from Key Bridge to Cobb Island MD, and Patuxent River to Broomes Island MD. * WHEN...For the Small Craft Advisory, until 8 PM EST this evening. For the Gale Watch, from Monday afternoon through late Tuesday night. * IMPACTS...Strong winds can cause hazardous waves which could capsize or damage vessels and reduce visibility. PRECAUTIONARY/PREPAREDNESS ACTIONS... Mariners should consider altering plans to avoid possible hazardous conditions. Remain in port, seek safe harbor, alter course, and/or secure the vessel for severe wind and waves. && $$
694 WHUS71 KLWX 191302 MWWLWX URGENT - MARINE WEATHER MESSAGE National Weather Service Baltimore MD/Washington DC 802 AM EST Fri Nov 19 2021 ANZ535-536-542-192115- /O.UPG.KLWX.SC.Y.0231.000000T0000Z-211120T0100Z/ /O.EXA.KLWX.GL.W.0030.000000T0000Z-211119T1700Z/ /O.EXA.KLWX.SC.Y.0233.211119T1700Z-211120T0100Z/ /O.CON.KLWX.GL.A.0008.211122T1700Z-211124T1100Z/ Tidal Potomac from Key Bridge to Indian Head MD- Tidal Potomac from Indian Head to Cobb Island MD- Patuxent River to Broomes Island MD- 802 AM EST Fri Nov 19 2021 ...GALE WARNING IN EFFECT UNTIL NOON EST TODAY... ...SMALL CRAFT ADVISORY IN EFFECT FROM NOON TODAY TO 8 PM EST THIS EVENING... ...GALE WATCH REMAINS IN EFFECT FROM MONDAY AFTERNOON THROUGH LATE TUESDAY NIGHT... * WHAT...For the Gale Warning, northwest winds 15 to 20 kt with gusts up to 35 kt. For the Small Craft Advisory, northwest winds 10 to 15 kt with gusts up to 25 kt expected. For the Gale Watch, northwest winds 15 to 25 kt with gusts up to 35 kt possible. * WHERE...Tidal Potomac River from Key Bridge to Cobb Island MD, and Patuxent River to Broomes Island MD. * WHEN...For the Gale Warning, until noon EST today. For the Small Craft Advisory, from noon today to 8 PM EST this evening. For the Gale Watch, from Monday afternoon through late Tuesday night. * IMPACTS...Strong winds will cause hazardous waves which could capsize or damage vessels. PRECAUTIONARY/PREPAREDNESS ACTIONS... Mariners should alter plans to avoid these hazardous conditions. Remain in port, seek safe harbor, alter course, and/or secure the vessel for severe conditions. && $$ ANZ530-538-192115- /O.CON.KLWX.GL.W.0030.000000T0000Z-211119T1700Z/ /O.CON.KLWX.SC.Y.0233.211119T1700Z-211120T0100Z/ /O.CON.KLWX.GL.A.0008.211122T1700Z-211124T1100Z/ Chesapeake Bay north of Pooles Island MD- Patapsco River including Baltimore Harbor- 802 AM EST Fri Nov 19 2021 ...GALE WARNING REMAINS IN EFFECT UNTIL NOON EST TODAY... ...SMALL CRAFT ADVISORY REMAINS IN EFFECT FROM NOON TODAY TO 8 PM EST THIS EVENING... ...GALE WATCH REMAINS IN EFFECT FROM MONDAY AFTERNOON THROUGH LATE TUESDAY NIGHT... * WHAT...For the Gale Warning, northwest winds 15 to 20 kt with gusts up to 35 kt. For the Small Craft Advisory, northwest winds 10 to 15 kt with gusts up to 25 kt expected. For the Gale Watch, northwest winds 15 to 20 kt with gusts up to 35 kt possible. * WHERE...Patapsco River including Baltimore Harbor and Chesapeake Bay north of Pooles Island MD. * WHEN...For the Gale Warning, until noon EST today. For the Small Craft Advisory, from noon today to 8 PM EST this evening. For the Gale Watch, from Monday afternoon through late Tuesday night. * IMPACTS...Strong winds will cause hazardous waves which could capsize or damage vessels. PRECAUTIONARY/PREPAREDNESS ACTIONS... Mariners should alter plans to avoid these hazardous conditions. Remain in port, seek safe harbor, alter course, and/or secure the vessel for severe conditions. && $$ ANZ531>534-537-539>541-543-192115- /O.CON.KLWX.GL.W.0030.000000T0000Z-211119T1700Z/ /O.CON.KLWX.SC.Y.0232.211119T1700Z-211120T0500Z/ /O.CON.KLWX.GL.A.0008.211122T1700Z-211124T1100Z/ Chesapeake Bay from Pooles Island to Sandy Point MD- Chesapeake Bay from Sandy Point to North Beach MD- Chesapeake Bay from North Beach to Drum Point MD- Chesapeake Bay from Drum Point MD to Smith Point VA- Tidal Potomac from Cobb Island MD to Smith Point VA- Chester River to Queenstown MD-Eastern Bay- Choptank River to Cambridge MD and the Little Choptank River- Tangier Sound and the inland waters surrounding Bloodsworth Island- 802 AM EST Fri Nov 19 2021 ...GALE WARNING REMAINS IN EFFECT UNTIL NOON EST TODAY... ...SMALL CRAFT ADVISORY REMAINS IN EFFECT FROM NOON TODAY TO MIDNIGHT EST TONIGHT... ...GALE WATCH REMAINS IN EFFECT FROM MONDAY AFTERNOON THROUGH LATE TUESDAY NIGHT... * WHAT...For the Gale Warning, northwest winds 20 to 25 kt with gusts up to 35 kt and waves 2 to 4 ft. For the Small Craft Advisory, northwest winds 10 to 20 kt with gusts up to 30 kt and waves 2 to 4 ft expected. For the Gale Watch, northwest winds 15 to 25 kt with gusts up to 35 kt and waves 2 to 4 ft possible. * WHERE...Chesapeake Bay from Pooles Island MD to Smith Point VA, Chester River to Queenstown MD, Tangier Sound and the inland waters surrounding Bloodsworth Island, Choptank River to Cambridge MD and the Little Choptank River, Tidal Potomac from Cobb Island MD to Smith Point VA, and Eastern Bay. * WHEN...For the Gale Warning, until noon EST today. For the Small Craft Advisory, from noon today to midnight EST tonight. For the Gale Watch, from Monday afternoon through late Tuesday night. * IMPACTS...Strong winds will cause hazardous waves which could capsize or damage vessels. PRECAUTIONARY/PREPAREDNESS ACTIONS... Mariners should alter plans to avoid these hazardous conditions. Remain in port, seek safe harbor, alter course, and/or secure the vessel for severe conditions. && $$ DHOF
What forecasters said that day
The local office's own words before this small craft advisory went out, as it sent them, from the Iowa Environmental Mesonet's archive of National Weather Service text.
NWS Baltimore/Washington wrote its last area forecast discussion before this small craft advisory went out at Nov 17, 2:56 PM EST, 4 hours 8 minutes earlier.
Area forecast discussion, Nov 17, 2:56 PM EST, 4 hours 8 minutes before
Area Forecast Discussion National Weather Service Baltimore MD/Washington DC 256 PM EST Wed Nov 17 2021 .SYNOPSIS... A weak warm front will lift northward across the Mid-Atlantic through this evening. A strong cold front is expected to cross the region Thursday afternoon and evening. High pressure then follows for the weekend before another system possibly impacts the area early next week. && .NEAR TERM /THROUGH TONIGHT/... A mainly clear sky is expected most of tonight as a weak warm front lifts away. Low temperatures are expected to be several degrees milder than recent nights following the passage of the warm front, generally in the 40s (except near 50 in the cities). Clouds increase toward daybreak especially near and west of I-81 ahead of a strong cold front approaching from the Ohio Valley. Some fog is possible mainly east of the Appalachians especially if radiational cooling overperforms and/or low-level moisture increases a touch more than currently anticipated by most guidance. && .SHORT TERM /THURSDAY THROUGH FRIDAY NIGHT/... Thursday will start out mainly clear, but cloud cover will quickly increase especially after noon from west to east as the aforementioned cold front draws closer. The front should cross the Allegheny crest just after midday, then reach the I-95 corridor shortly after nightfall. The front should exit east of the Chesapeake Bay by late evening. Ahead of the front, southerly winds gusting upwards of 30 mph and temperatures into the 70s can be expected. Behind the front, an abrupt wind shift to the west and northwest and a quick drop in temperatures is anticipated. Despite a lack of appreciable CAPE, strong convergence along the front coupled with sharp pressure rises and a strong low-level wind field may be enough to result in brief gusty winds of 40-45 mph as the front crosses. Scattered to numerous showers are expected as well, with a few moderately heavy downpours possible given the strong lift. Rainfall amounts are expected to average between a tenth and quarter of an inch, with isolated higher amounts of around a half an inch possible. Significantly colder conditions are forecast to end the workweek. By daybreak Friday, temperatures are expected to range from the upper teens atop the Allegheny Front to the upper 30s to near 40 east of the Blue Ridge Mountains. Wind chills probably run a solid 5 to 10 degrees colder than that. A brief period of snow or freezing drizzle is possible Thursday night along and west of the Allegheny Front, but the overwhelmingly dry air is expected to preclude much in the way of accumulation. Otherwise, conditions should be dry but blustery beneath a partly to mostly sunny sky. Friday night may prove to be one of the coldest nights of the season thus far as cold high pressure builds overhead. && .LONG TERM /SATURDAY THROUGH WEDNESDAY/... Current pattern is supportive of continued train of cold fronts with low pressures passing well to our northwest over the Great Lakes into southern Canada. We'll have repeated cool shots followed by moderations followed by rain showers with passing cold fronts. We'll be in a moderating trend this weekend, with temperatures starting out relatively cool Saturday after probably the coldest morning so far this season. Highs will struggle to reach 50. As high pressure slides northeastward and winds turn southwesterly, warm advection will elevate lows Saturday night closer to freezing and highs Sunday into the 50s. Moderation continues Sunday night with lows holding above freezing, mostly in the 40s. Late Sunday night into Monday, however, the next cold front slides across the area as another low pressure pushes through the Great Lakes into southern Canada, bringing showers and holding highs Monday in the 50s. Cold and breezy but mostly dry except for upslope snow showers Monday night and Tuesday, with lows below freezing and highs in the 40s. Moderation may begin again by Wednesday, with highs possibly returning to the 50s as high pressure slides northeastward across the region once again. && .AVIATION /20Z WEDNESDAY THROUGH MONDAY/... Other than some fog in outlying areas early Thursday morning and showers late Thursday afternoon into Thursday evening ahead of a strong cold front, mainly VFR is forecast through Friday. LLWS is expected to be a concern overnight as a 35-40 kt SW LLJ develops around FL020. Gusts of 25 to perhaps 30 kt are expected ahead of the aforementioned front Thursday afternoon, followed by a sharp wind shift to the west and northwest. Brief gusts as high as 35-40 kt are possible as the front crosses between 22Z and 04Z Friday. Blustery conditions continue to end the week. VFR Saturday and Sunday with relatively light winds. && .MARINE... Southerly winds will increase tonight into Thursday. A few near shore gusts in excess of 30 kt are possible Thursday afternoon. A strong cold front will cause an abrupt wind shift to the west and northwest Thursday evening with brief gusts of 35 to 40 kt. Gusty NW winds continue Friday, but outside of a period of showers Thursday evening, it should stay mainly dry through the end of the week. High pressure should keep winds below SCA levels Saturday and Sunday. && .TIDES/COASTAL FLOODING... Southerly to southwesterly flow ahead of a strong cold front may cause anomalies to rise just enough to approach minor flood stage along the most vulnerable shoreline Thursday, but overall the west-of-south flow makes more than that unlikely. && .LWX WATCHES/WARNINGS/ADVISORIES... DC...None. MD...None. VA...None. WV...None. MARINE...Small Craft Advisory until 6 PM EST Thursday for ANZ530>543. && SYNOPSIS...DHOF NEAR TERM...DHOF SHORT TERM...DHOF LONG TERM...RCM AVIATION...RCM/DHOF MARINE...RCM/DHOF TIDES/COASTAL FLOODING...DHOF
Hazardous weather outlook, Nov 17, 5:21 AM EST, 13 hours 43 minutes before
Hazardous Weather Outlook National Weather Service Baltimore MD/Washington DC 521 AM EST Wed Nov 17 2021 ANZ530>543-DCZ001-MDZ008-011-013-014-016>018-504-506-508- VAZ052>057-181030- Chesapeake Bay north of Pooles Island MD- Chesapeake Bay from Pooles Island to Sandy Point MD- Chesapeake Bay from Sandy Point to North Beach MD- Chesapeake Bay from North Beach to Drum Point MD- Chesapeake Bay from Drum Point MD to Smith Point VA- Tidal Potomac from Key Bridge to Indian Head MD- Tidal Potomac from Indian Head to Cobb Island MD- Tidal Potomac from Cobb Island MD to Smith Point VA- Patapsco River including Baltimore Harbor- Chester River to Queenstown MD-Eastern Bay- Choptank River to Cambridge MD and the Little Choptank River- Patuxent River to Broomes Island MD- Tangier Sound and the inland waters surrounding Bloodsworth Island-District of Columbia-Cecil-Southern Baltimore- Prince Georges-Anne Arundel-Charles-St. Marys-Calvert- Central and Southeast Montgomery-Central and Southeast Howard- Southeast Harford-Prince William/Manassas/Manassas Park-Fairfax- Arlington/Falls Church/Alexandria-Stafford-Spotsylvania- King George- 521 AM EST Wed Nov 17 2021 This Hazardous Weather Outlook is for the Maryland portion of the Chesapeake Bay, Tidal Potomac River, and I-95 corridor through central Maryland, northern Virginia, and District of Columbia. .DAY ONE...Today and Tonight No hazardous weather is expected at this time. .DAYS TWO THROUGH SEVEN...Thursday through Tuesday No hazardous weather is expected at this time. .SPOTTER INFORMATION STATEMENT... Spotter activation is not expected at this time. MDZ003>006-503-505-507-VAZ025>031-036>040-050-051-501-502-505>508- WVZ050>053-055-181030- Washington-Frederick MD-Carroll-Northern Baltimore- Northwest Montgomery-Northwest Howard-Northwest Harford-Augusta- Rockingham-Shenandoah-Frederick VA-Page-Warren-Clarke-Nelson- Albemarle-Greene-Madison-Rappahannock-Orange-Culpeper- Northern Fauquier-Southern Fauquier-Western Loudoun- Eastern Loudoun-Northern Virginia Blue Ridge- Central Virginia Blue Ridge-Hampshire-Morgan-Berkeley-Jefferson- Hardy- 521 AM EST Wed Nov 17 2021 This Hazardous Weather Outlook is for portions of eastern West Virginia, northern and central Virginia, and central and western Maryland. .DAY ONE...Today and Tonight No hazardous weather is expected at this time. .DAYS TWO THROUGH SEVEN...Thursday through Tuesday No hazardous weather is expected at this time. .SPOTTER INFORMATION STATEMENT... Spotter activation is not expected at this time. MDZ001-501-502-VAZ503-504-WVZ501>506-181030- Garrett-Extreme Western Allegany-Central and Eastern Allegany- Western Highland-Eastern Highland-Western Grant-Eastern Grant- Western Mineral-Eastern Mineral-Western Pendleton- Eastern Pendleton- 521 AM EST Wed Nov 17 2021 This Hazardous Weather Outlook is for the Allegheny Front counties in western Maryland, eastern West Virginia, and Highland County Virginia. .DAY ONE...Today and Tonight No hazardous weather is expected at this time. .DAYS TWO THROUGH SEVEN...Thursday through Tuesday No hazardous weather is expected at this time. .SPOTTER INFORMATION STATEMENT... Spotter activation is not expected at this time.
The office that day
Everything else NWS Baltimore/Washington issued on the same UTC day.
| Issued | Product | Office | Counties | Lasted |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Nov 18, 5:06 PM EST | Gale Warning | LWX | 19 hr | |
| Nov 18, 5:06 PM EST | Small Craft Advisory | LWX | 31 hr | |
| Nov 18, 5:59 PM EST | Special Marine Warning | LWX | 2 hr | |
| Nov 18, 6:06 PM EST | Special Marine Warning | LWX | 114 min | |
| Nov 18, 6:16 PM EST | Special Marine Warning | LWX | 119 min | |
| Nov 18, 6:29 PM EST | Special Marine Warning | LWX | 2 hr | |
| Nov 18, 6:37 PM EST | Special Marine Warning | LWX | 113 min |
Nearby
Small Craft Advisories in Virginia, 2021Every small craft advisory in 2021
Sources
The product and its follow-ups from the Iowa Environmental Mesonet's archive of National Weather Service and Storm Prediction Center text.