Alert archive / Alaska / Small Craft Advisories in 2021
Small Craft Advisory 131, NWS Fairbanks, AK
NWS Fairbanks, AK issued this small craft advisory at Sep 19, 2021, 2:39 AM AKDT. It was in force for 49 hr.
The area
The counties it named.
The facts
- Issued
- Sep 19, 2021, 2:39 AM AKDT (10:39 UTC)
- Expired
- Sep 21, 2021, 3:49 AM AKDT
- In force
- 49 hr
- Issued by
- NWS Fairbanks, AK
The text
As transmitted.
912 FZAK52 PAFG 191039 CWFWCZ Coastal Waters Forecast for Northwest Alaska National Weather Service Fairbanks AK 239 AM AKDT Sun Sep 19 2021 Northwestern Alaska Coastal Waters out 100 NM Wind forecasts reflect the predominant speed and direction expected. Sea forecasts represent the average of the highest one- third of the combined wind-wave and swell height. PKZ299-200215- 239 AM AKDT Sun Sep 19 2021 .SYNOPSIS FOR NORTHWEST COAST... A cold front will move through the northern Bering Sea tonight into the West Coast Sun morning. Ridging will move into the Central Bering Sun afternoon into Mon morning. A 990 MB low 100 nm northwest of Point Barrow will move to 7150 nm north of Prudhoe Bay at 994 mb Mon morning, then into the high arctic at 996 mb Tue morning. $$ PKZ200-200215- Norton Sound- 239 AM AKDT Sun Sep 19 2021 .TODAY...W wind 15 kt shifting to N winds 20 kt late this morning. Seas 4 ft. Fog, rain. .TONIGHT...N winds 20 kt. Seas 5 ft. Fog. .MON...NW winds 20 kt. Seas 5 ft. .MON NIGHT...NW winds 20 kt. Seas 5 ft. .TUE...NW winds 15 kt. Seas 3 ft. .TUE NIGHT...N winds 10 kt. Seas 2 ft. .WED...NE winds 15 kt. Seas 3 ft. .THU...N winds 20 kt. Seas 4 ft. $$ PKZ210-200215- Dall Point to Wales- 239 AM AKDT Sun Sep 19 2021 ...SMALL CRAFT ADVISORY IN EFFECT FROM EARLY THIS AFTERNOON THROUGH TONIGHT... .TODAY...N winds 20 kt. Seas 6 ft. Fog. .TONIGHT...N winds 20 kt. Seas 6 ft. Fog. .MON...NW winds 20 kt. Seas 6 ft. .MON NIGHT...W winds 15 kt. Seas 4 ft. .TUE...NE winds 20 kt. Seas 4 ft. Rain. .TUE NIGHT...NE winds 15 kt. Seas 3 ft. .WED...NE winds 15 kt. Seas 4 ft. .THU...N winds 20 kt. Seas 4 ft. $$ PKZ215-200215- Kotzebue Sound- 239 AM AKDT Sun Sep 19 2021 ...SMALL CRAFT ADVISORY IN EFFECT FROM THIS EVENING THROUGH EARLY MONDAY MORNING... .TODAY...NW winds 20 kt. Seas building to 5 ft. Rain showers and snow showers. .TONIGHT...W winds 25 kt. Seas 7 ft. Rain showers and snow showers. .MON...NW winds 20 kt. Seas 5 ft. Rain showers and snow showers. .MON NIGHT...NW winds 25 kt. Seas 5 ft. Rain showers and snow showers. .TUE...NW winds 20 kt. Seas 4 ft. Rain showers and snow showers. .TUE NIGHT...NW winds 15 kt. Seas 3 ft. .WED...N winds 10 kt. Seas 2 ft. .THU...N winds 15 kt. Seas 3 ft. $$ PKZ220-200215- Wales to Cape Thompson- 239 AM AKDT Sun Sep 19 2021 ...SMALL CRAFT ADVISORY IN EFFECT THROUGH EARLY MONDAY MORNING... .TODAY...W winds 25 kt. Seas 8 ft building to 12 ft. Fog. .TONIGHT...NW winds 25 kt. Seas 13 ft. Rain showers and snow showers. .MON...NW winds 25 kt. Seas 11 ft. .MON NIGHT...NW winds 25 kt. Seas 7 ft. .TUE...NW winds 20 kt. Seas 6 ft. .TUE NIGHT...NW winds 15 kt. Seas 4 ft. .WED...N winds 15 kt. Seas 3 ft. .THU...N winds 20 kt. Seas 4 ft. $$ Sep 21
4 follow-up statements
980 FZAK52 PAFG 192212 CWFWCZ Coastal Waters Forecast for Northwest Alaska National Weather Service Fairbanks AK 212 PM AKDT Sun Sep 19 2021 Northwestern Alaska Coastal Waters out 100 NM Wind forecasts reflect the predominant speed and direction expected. Sea forecasts represent the average of the highest one- third of the combined wind-wave and swell height. PKZ299-201430- 212 PM AKDT Sun Sep 19 2021 .SYNOPSIS FOR NORTHWEST COAST... A 990 MB low 75 nm NNW of Utqiagvik will move E to 120 nm N of Prudhoe Bay at 993 MB Mon morning, then N to 350 nm N of Prudhoe Bay at 995 MB Tue morning. Ridging will move into the Central Bering this afternoon into Mon morning. $$ PKZ200-201430- Norton Sound- 212 PM AKDT Sun Sep 19 2021 .TONIGHT...NW winds 20 kt. Seas building to 5 ft. Fog. .MON...NW winds 20 kt. Seas 5 ft. .MON NIGHT...NW winds 20 kt. Seas 5 ft. .TUE...NW winds 15 kt. Seas 3 ft. .TUE NIGHT...S winds 20 kt. Seas 2 ft. Snow and rain. .WED...SE winds 20 kt. Seas 2 ft. .WED NIGHT...NE winds 15 kt. Seas 3 ft. .THU...N winds 20 kt. Seas 4 ft. .FRI...NW winds 15 kt. Seas 3 ft. $$ PKZ210-201430- Dall Point to Wales- 212 PM AKDT Sun Sep 19 2021 ...SMALL CRAFT ADVISORY IN EFFECT THROUGH EARLY MONDAY MORNING... .TONIGHT...N winds 25 kt. Seas 6 ft. Fog. .MON...NW winds 20 kt. Seas 6 ft. .MON NIGHT...W winds 20 kt. Seas 4 ft. .TUE...SW winds 20 kt. Seas 4 ft. Rain. .TUE NIGHT...N winds 25 kt. Seas 3 ft. Rain. .WED...N winds 30 kt. Seas 4 ft. .WED NIGHT...N winds 15 kt. Seas 4 ft. .THU...N winds 20 kt. Seas 4 ft. .FRI...NW winds 15 kt. Seas 4 ft. $$ PKZ215-201430- Kotzebue Sound- 212 PM AKDT Sun Sep 19 2021 ...SMALL CRAFT ADVISORY IN EFFECT FROM THIS EVENING THROUGH EARLY MONDAY MORNING... .TONIGHT...W winds 25 kt. Seas 7 ft. Fog. Snow showers. .MON...NW winds 20 kt. Seas 5 ft. Snow showers. .MON NIGHT...NW winds 25 kt. Seas 5 ft. Snow showers. .TUE...NW winds 20 kt. Seas 4 ft. Snow showers. .TUE NIGHT...N winds 15 kt. Seas 3 ft. .WED...N winds 10 kt. Seas 2 ft. .WED NIGHT...N winds 10 kt. Seas 2 ft. .THU...N winds 15 kt. Seas 3 ft. .FRI...NW winds 10 kt. Seas 2 ft. $$ PKZ220-201430- Wales to Cape Thompson- 212 PM AKDT Sun Sep 19 2021 ...SMALL CRAFT ADVISORY IN EFFECT THROUGH MONDAY AFTERNOON... .TONIGHT...NW winds 25 kt. Seas 13 ft. Fog. Snow showers. .MON...NW winds 25 kt. Seas 11 ft. .MON NIGHT...NW winds 25 kt. Seas 7 ft. .TUE...NW winds 20 kt. Seas 6 ft. .TUE NIGHT...N winds 20 kt. Seas 4 ft. .WED...N winds 20 kt. Seas 3 ft. .WED NIGHT...N winds 15 kt. Seas 3 ft. .THU...N winds 20 kt. Seas 4 ft. .FRI...NW winds 15 kt. Seas 3 ft. $$ Sep 21
140 FZAK52 PAFG 201206 CWFWCZ Coastal Waters Forecast for Northwest Alaska National Weather Service Fairbanks AK 406 AM AKDT Mon Sep 20 2021 Northwestern Alaska Coastal Waters out 100 NM Wind forecasts reflect the predominant speed and direction expected. Sea forecasts represent the average of the highest one- third of the combined wind-wave and swell height. PKZ299-210215- 406 AM AKDT Mon Sep 20 2021 .SYNOPSIS FOR NORTHWEST COAST... A 994 MB low 75 nm N of Utqiagvik will move to 120 nm N of Prudhoe Bay at 996 MB Mon afternoon, then move into the high arctic and weaken through Tue night. A 1015 mb low will cross Saint Lawrence Island from the Gulf of Anadyr Tue then move to the YK Delta at 1007 mb Tue night, then move south into Bristol Bay by Wed. $$ PKZ200-210215- Norton Sound- 406 AM AKDT Mon Sep 20 2021 .TODAY...NW winds 20 kt. Seas 4 ft. .TONIGHT...NW winds 20 kt. Seas 4 ft. .TUE...NW winds 15 kt. Seas 3 ft. .TUE NIGHT...N winds 15 kt. Seas 3 ft. Snow and rain. .WED...NE winds 20 kt. Seas 4 ft. .WED NIGHT...N winds 20 kt. Seas 4 ft. .THU...N winds 20 kt. Seas 5 ft. .FRI...N winds 20 kt. Seas 4 ft. $$ PKZ210-210215- Dall Point to Wales- 406 AM AKDT Mon Sep 20 2021 .TODAY...NW winds 20 kt. Seas 5 ft subsiding. .TONIGHT...NW winds 20 kt. Seas 4 ft. .TUE...SW winds 25 kt. Seas 5 ft. Rain. .TUE NIGHT...NE winds 25 kt. Seas 6 ft. Rain. .WED...N winds 25 kt. Seas 6 ft. .WED NIGHT...N winds 20 kt. Seas 6 ft. .THU...N winds 25 kt. Seas 5 ft. .FRI...N winds 20 kt. Seas 5 ft. $$ PKZ215-210215- Kotzebue Sound- 406 AM AKDT Mon Sep 20 2021 ...SMALL CRAFT ADVISORY IN EFFECT FROM EARLY THIS AFTERNOON THROUGH EARLY TUESDAY MORNING... .TODAY...NW winds 25 kt. Seas 5 ft. Snow showers. .TONIGHT...NW winds 25 kt. Seas 5 ft. Snow showers. .TUE...NW winds 20 kt. Seas 4 ft. Snow showers. .TUE NIGHT...N winds 15 kt. Seas 3 ft. Fog. .WED...N winds 15 kt. Seas 3 ft. Fog and freezing fog. .WED NIGHT...N winds 10 kt. Seas 3 ft. Fog and freezing fog. .THU...N winds 20 kt. Seas 4 ft. .FRI...NW winds 20 kt. Seas 4 ft. $$ PKZ220-210215- Wales to Cape Thompson- 406 AM AKDT Mon Sep 20 2021 ...SMALL CRAFT ADVISORY IN EFFECT THROUGH LATE THIS AFTERNOON... .TODAY...NW winds 25 kt. Seas 8 ft. .TONIGHT...NW winds 20 kt. Seas 6 ft. .TUE...NW winds 20 kt. Seas 5 ft. .TUE NIGHT...N winds 20 kt. Seas 5 ft. Fog. .WED...N winds 20 kt. Seas 6 ft. Fog. .WED NIGHT...N winds 20 kt. Seas 5 ft. Fog. .THU...N winds 20 kt. Seas 5 ft. .FRI...N winds 20 kt. Seas 4 ft. $$ Sep 21
301 FZAK52 PAFG 202245 CWFWCZ Coastal Waters Forecast for Northwest Alaska National Weather Service Fairbanks AK 245 PM AKDT Mon Sep 20 2021 Northwestern Alaska Coastal Waters out 100 NM Wind forecasts reflect the predominant speed and direction expected. Sea forecasts represent the average of the highest one- third of the combined wind-wave and swell height. PKZ299-211430- 245 PM AKDT Mon Sep 20 2021 .SYNOPSIS FOR NORTHWEST COAST... A 996 MB low 120 nm N of Prudhoe Bay will move into the high arctic and weaken through Tue night. High extending from the Bering Strait to the Yukon Delta will weaken this evening. A 1013 mb low will cross Saint Lawrence Island from the Gulf of Anadyr late tonight, then move to the YK Delta at 1007 mb Tue night, then move south into Bristol Bay by Wed. $$ PKZ200-211430- Norton Sound- 245 PM AKDT Mon Sep 20 2021 .TONIGHT...NW winds 20 kt. Seas 4 ft subsiding. .TUE...NW winds 15 kt. Seas 3 ft. .TUE NIGHT...NE winds 20 kt. Seas 3 ft. .WED...N winds 20 kt. Seas 4 ft. .WED NIGHT...N winds 20 kt. Seas 4 ft. .THU...N winds 20 kt. Seas 5 ft. .THU NIGHT...N winds 20 kt. Seas 5 ft. .FRI...N winds 20 kt. Seas 4 ft. .SAT...N winds 10 kt. Seas 3 ft. $$ PKZ210-211430- Dall Point to Wales- 245 PM AKDT Mon Sep 20 2021 ...SMALL CRAFT ADVISORY IN EFFECT FROM TUESDAY MORNING THROUGH TUESDAY AFTERNOON... .TONIGHT...NW winds 20 kt becoming S. Seas 4 ft. Rain. .TUE...NE winds 25 kt. Seas 5 ft. Rain. .TUE NIGHT...N winds 30 kt. Seas 6 ft. Rain. .WED...N winds 25 kt. Seas 6 ft. .WED NIGHT...N winds 20 kt. Seas 6 ft. .THU...N winds 25 kt. Seas 5 ft. .THU NIGHT...N winds 20 kt. Seas 5 ft. .FRI...N winds 20 kt. Seas 5 ft. .SAT...NW winds 15 kt. Seas 4 ft. $$ PKZ215-211430- Kotzebue Sound- 245 PM AKDT Mon Sep 20 2021 ...SMALL CRAFT ADVISORY IN EFFECT THROUGH TONIGHT... .TONIGHT...NW winds 25 kt. Seas 5 ft subsiding. Snow showers. .TUE...NW winds 20 kt. Seas 4 ft. Snow showers. .TUE NIGHT...N winds 15 kt. Seas 3 ft. Fog. .WED...N winds 15 kt. Seas 3 ft. Fog and freezing fog. .WED NIGHT...N winds 15 kt. Seas 3 ft. Fog. .THU...N winds 15 kt. Seas 3 ft. Freezing fog and fog. .THU NIGHT...N winds 20 kt. Seas 4 ft. Fog and freezing fog. .FRI...NW winds 20 kt. Seas 4 ft. .SAT...NW winds 10 kt. Seas 3 ft. $$ PKZ220-211430- Wales to Cape Thompson- 245 PM AKDT Mon Sep 20 2021 ...SMALL CRAFT ADVISORY IN EFFECT THROUGH TONIGHT... .TONIGHT...NW winds 25 kt. Seas 6 ft. .TUE...NW winds 20 kt. Seas 5 ft. .TUE NIGHT...N winds 20 kt. Seas 5 ft. Fog. .WED...N winds 20 kt. Seas 6 ft. Fog. .WED NIGHT...N winds 20 kt. Seas 5 ft. Fog. .THU...NE winds 20 kt. Seas 4 ft. Fog. .THU NIGHT...N winds 20 kt. Seas 5 ft. Fog. .FRI...N winds 20 kt. Seas 4 ft. .SAT...NW winds 15 kt. Seas 4 ft. $$ Sep 21
479 FZAK52 PAFG 211149 CWFWCZ Coastal Waters Forecast for Northwest Alaska National Weather Service Fairbanks AK 349 AM AKDT Tue Sep 21 2021 Northwestern Alaska Coastal Waters out 100 NM Wind forecasts reflect the predominant speed and direction expected. Sea forecasts represent the average of the highest one- third of the combined wind-wave and swell height. PKZ299-220215- 349 AM AKDT Tue Sep 21 2021 .SYNOPSIS FOR NORTHWEST COAST... A 1012 mb low over Saint Lawrence Island this morning will move to the YK Delta at 1007 mb this afternoon, then move south into Bristol Bay by Wed. $$ PKZ200-220215- Norton Sound- 349 AM AKDT Tue Sep 21 2021 .TODAY...NW winds 10 kt becoming E. Seas 3 ft. .TONIGHT...NE winds 20 kt. Seas 4 ft. .WED...N winds 20 kt. Seas 4 ft. .WED NIGHT...N winds 20 kt. Seas 4 ft. .THU...N winds 20 kt. Seas 4 ft. .THU NIGHT...N winds 20 kt. Seas 4 ft. .FRI...N winds 20 kt. Seas 5 ft. .SAT...N winds 15 kt. Seas 4 ft. $$ PKZ210-220215- Dall Point to Wales- 349 AM AKDT Tue Sep 21 2021 ...SMALL CRAFT ADVISORY IN EFFECT THROUGH EARLY WEDNESDAY MORNING... .TODAY...NE winds 25 kt N of Saint Lawrence Island. SW winds 25 kt S of Saint Lawrence Island becoming N 30 kt in the late afternoon. Seas 6 ft. Rain. .TONIGHT...N winds 30 kt. Seas 8 ft. Rain. .WED...N winds 25 kt. Seas 6 ft. .WED NIGHT...N winds 20 kt. Seas 6 ft. .THU...N winds 20 kt. Seas 5 ft. .THU NIGHT...N winds 20 kt. Seas 5 ft. .FRI...N winds 25 kt. Seas 6 ft. .SAT...NW winds 20 kt. Seas 5 ft. $$ PKZ215-220215- Kotzebue Sound- 349 AM AKDT Tue Sep 21 2021 .TODAY...NW winds 20 kt. Seas 4 ft subsiding. Snow showers. .TONIGHT...N winds 15 kt. Seas 3 ft. Fog. .WED...N winds 15 kt. Seas 3 ft. Fog and freezing fog. .WED NIGHT...N winds 15 kt. Seas 3 ft. Fog. .THU...N winds 15 kt. Seas 3 ft. Freezing fog and fog. .THU NIGHT...N winds 15 kt. Seas 3 ft. Fog and freezing fog. .FRI...NW winds 20 kt. Seas 5 ft. .SAT...N winds 10 kt. Seas 4 ft. $$ PKZ220-220215- Wales to Cape Thompson- 349 AM AKDT Tue Sep 21 2021 .TODAY...NW winds 20 kt. Seas 6 ft. .TONIGHT...N winds 20 kt. Seas 5 ft. Fog. .WED...N winds 20 kt. Seas 6 ft. Fog. .WED NIGHT...N winds 15 kt. Seas 5 ft. Fog. .THU...NE winds 15 kt. Seas 4 ft. Fog. .THU NIGHT...N winds 20 kt. Seas 5 ft. Fog. .FRI...N winds 20 kt. Seas 6 ft. .SAT...N winds 20 kt. Seas 5 ft. $$ Sep 21
What forecasters said that day
The local office's own words before this small craft advisory went out, as it sent them, from the Iowa Environmental Mesonet's archive of National Weather Service text.
NWS Fairbanks, AK wrote its last area forecast discussion before this small craft advisory went out at Sep 18, 2:32 PM AKDT, 12 hours 7 minutes earlier.
Area forecast discussion, Sep 18, 2:32 PM AKDT, 12 hours 7 minutes before
Northern Alaska Forecast Discussion National Weather Service Fairbanks AK 232 PM AKDT Sat Sep 18 2021 .SYNOPSIS... Active weather will continue as a stacked low will develop and sit quasi-stationary near Utqiagvik, bringing a transition to more winter-like weather across Northern Alaska this weekend into early next week. This low will be the main driving force for weather conditions in the short term, sending a series of cold fronts that will sweep west to east across the Interior, the first one today and a stronger one on Monday. These fronts will not only allow colder temperatures to funnel into the Interior, they will also increase chances of snow across the state. && .DISCUSSION... Upper Levels and Analysis... The upper level pattern is dominated by a 509 dam low near Wrangel Island, sending a longwave trough over Northern Alaska. The associated low at the surface is sending a cold front through the Central Interior today and into the Eastern Interior by Sunday morning. This upper low will be the main focal point over the next several days as it drifts southeast to near Utqiagvik as a 508 dam low Sunday morning, sending another front into the Northwest Coast and then southeast through the Interior on Monday. As this front approaches the Eastern Interior Monday afternoon, it will interact with a closed low in the Gulf of Alaska, producing widespread precipitation into Tuesday. Overall, the models initialized well with the aforementioned features and are in general good agreement on how they will evolve into Monday. We made minor changes to the inherited grids, with the biggest changes to the the winds, leaning with the GFS, and the POPs, bumping them up with the SREF. North Slope and Brooks Range... A surface low will move to near Utqiagvik this evening, which will bring increased northwesterly winds, creating a strong onshore flow with gusts to 40 mph through Monday. As this northwest flow develops, a prolong period of snow showers in Northwest Alaska and the Northwest Brooks Range will occur into early next week. Snow accumulations of 2 to 6 inches expected along the Chukchi Sea Coast, with amounts to around 12 inches in the Western Brooks Range through Monday night. For areas to the east, over the Central and Eastern Brooks, 2 to 5 inches of snow is possible, including portions of the Dalton Highway through Atigun Pass. Temperatures trending downward as the low offshore of Utqiagvik filters in colder temperatures into the middle of next week. West Coast and Western Interior... Precipitation chances today will be confined to northern portions of the region, primarily north of the Seward Peninsula through tonight. A second push of moisture will drop south with a cold front into southern portions of the region Sunday. Any snow that will fall will be primarily light, with larger amounts along the foothills of the Brooks Range, north of Ambler, where snow amounts up to 6 inches are possible. Strong northwest winds will develop this evening, with gusts 30 to 40 mph by Sunday afternoon into Monday morning along the northern coast of the Seward Peninsula. Otherwise, with the passage of a cold front Sunday afternoon, expect temperatures to continue to cool to below normal by Monday. Central and Eastern Interior... A cold front will sweep across the region today, this will be followed by another, stronger cold front Sunday into Monday, bringing much colder temperatures across the Central and Eastern Interior. This first front today will bring primarily rain, with snow in higher elevations of the Alaska Range and Southeastern Brooks Range. The second cold front will begin to push in from the west tonight, bringing widespread snow all the way to valley level in spots of the Interior through Monday morning. Heavier snow will remain to the north along the Dalton Highway, where Winter Weather Advisories will continue for snow, with accumulations of 2 to 5 inches. Areas south and east of this area will see anywhere from a dusting up to one inch, primarily above 1000 feet. As this cold front moves into the Upper Tanana Valley and Fortymile Country late Monday, it will phase with moisture surging north from a low in the Gulf of Alaska, this may bring a wide area of substantial snowfall for this region. Coastal Hazard Potential... Elevated surf of 1 to 2 feet above the normal high tide line is expected for coastal communities along the Chukchi Sea and Kotzebue Sound Coasts Sunday afternoon into Monday morning as strong northwest winds develop Sunday morning. Extended Forecast Days 4 through 7... Beginning the extended period on Tuesday, a trough aloft will will persist over Northern Alaska through Friday, allowing unsettled conditions to remain over portions of the North Slope and Eastern Interior. Focus in the extended will be on a front sweeping west to east across the Interior Monday, reaching the Eastern Interior Tuesday. This coupled with moisture moving north into the Upper Tanan Valley and Fortymile Country from a low in the Gulf of Alaska, may bring the first widespread substantial snowfall event across to this region Tuesday and Wednesday. Stay tuned to the forecast for the latest updates. && .HYDROLOGY... No concerns at this time. && .AFG WATCHES/WARNINGS/ADVISORIES... Winter Weather Advisory for AKZ218-AKZ219. Small Craft Advisory for PKZ200-PKZ210-PKZ220-PKZ225-PKZ230- PKZ235-PKZ240. && RZ SEP 21
The office that day
Everything else NWS Fairbanks, AK issued on the same UTC day.
| Issued | Product | Office | Counties | Lasted |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Sep 19, 1:27 PM AKDT | Winter Storm Watch | AFG | 15 hr | |
| Sep 19, 1:27 PM AKDT | Winter Storm Warning | AFG | 71 hr | |
| Sep 19, 2:12 PM AKDT | Small Craft Advisory | AFG | 4 days |
Nearby
Small Craft Advisories in Alaska, 2021Every small craft advisory in 2021
Sources
The product and its follow-ups from the Iowa Environmental Mesonet's archive of National Weather Service and Storm Prediction Center text.