Alert archive / Texas / Flash Flood Warnings in 2020

Flash Flood Warning 24, NWS Lake Charles, LA

August 28, 2020Jefferson County, Texas

NWS Lake Charles, LA issued this flash flood warning at Aug 28, 2020, 4:52 PM CDT for Jefferson County, Texas. It was in force for 80 min. No storm report in the archive falls inside the area while it was in force.

The area

The outline as issued.

The facts

Issued
Aug 28, 2020, 4:52 PM CDT (21:52 UTC)
Expired
Aug 28, 2020, 6:12 PM CDT
In force
80 min
Issued by
NWS Lake Charles, LA
Area
Storm-based polygon
Flood severity
None

County Jefferson County, TX

Did it verify

Not verified. The Iowa Environmental Mesonet's Cow found no qualifying storm report inside this flash flood warning while it was in force. That is not proof nothing happened: reports are thin where few people live.

Cow counts a report within 15 km of the polygon while the warning was in force: a tornado for a tornado warning; hail of 1 inch or more, a gust of 58 mph or more or wind damage for a severe thunderstorm warning; a flash flood report for a flash flood warning.

The nearest sounding before it

Shreveport, LA (KSHV), launched 12:00Z, 9.9 hours before the alert went out and 288 km from the middle of its area. This is the routine balloon launch nearest before it, the air the forecaster had in hand, not a measurement taken for the alert.

Skew-T log-pSkew-T log-p diagram, Shreveport, LA at 12:00Z on 2020-08-28Temperature and dew point through the depth of the atmosphere, with the mixed-layer parcel. CAPE 1576 joules per kilogram.LCLLFCEL10008507005003002001001 km2 km3 km6 km9 km12 km15 km-30°-20°-10°0°10°20°30°40°
Temperature in red, dew point in green, the mixed-layer parcel dashed.
HodographHodograph, Shreveport, LA at 12:00Z on 2020-08-28The wind through the lowest 10 kilometers. Zero to 1 km storm-relative helicity 35 square meters per square second.193958Sfc1 km3 km6 km9 kmRMLM
The wind turning with height, colored by layer: ground to 1 km, 1 to 3 km, 3 to 6 km, 6 to 10 km.
Mixed-layer CAPE
1576 J/kg
Mixed-layer CIN
-28 J/kg
Mixed-layer LCL
668 m above ground
0-6 km bulk shear
18 kt
0-1 km storm-relative helicity
35 m²/s²
0-3 km storm-relative helicity
128 m²/s²
Significant tornado parameter
0.0
Supercell composite
-0.2

Open this sounding in Storm Lab

The text

As transmitted.

310 
WGUS54 KLCH 282152
FFWLCH
TXC245-290100-
/O.NEW.KLCH.FF.W.0024.200828T2152Z-200829T0100Z/
/00000.0.ER.000000T0000Z.000000T0000Z.000000T0000Z.OO/

BULLETIN - EAS ACTIVATION REQUESTED
Flash Flood Warning
National Weather Service Lake Charles LA
Issued by National Weather Service Brownsville TX
452 PM CDT Fri Aug 28 2020

The National Weather Service in Lake Charles has issued a

* Flash Flood Warning for...
  Central Jefferson County in southeastern Texas...

* Until 800 PM CDT.

* At 452 PM CDT, Doppler radar indicated thunderstorms producing 
  heavy rain across the warned area. Between 1 and 3 inches of rain 
  have fallen. Flash flooding is ongoing or expected to begin 
  shortly.

  HAZARD...Flash flooding caused by thunderstorms.

  SOURCE...Doppler radar.

  IMPACT...Flooding of small creeks and streams, urban areas,
           highways, streets and underpasses as well as other
           drainage and low lying areas.

* Some locations that will experience flash flooding include...
  Port Arthur, Nederland, La Belle, Port Acres and Southeast Texas 
  Regional Airport.

Additional rainfall amounts of 1 to 2 inches are possible in the 
warned area.

PRECAUTIONARY/PREPAREDNESS ACTIONS...

Turn around, don't drown when encountering flooded roads. Most flood 
deaths occur in vehicles.

Excessive runoff from heavy rainfall will cause flooding of small 
creeks and streams, country roads, farmland, and other low lying 
spots.

A Flash Flood Warning means that flooding is imminent or occurring. 
If you are in the warned area move to higher ground immediately. 
Residents living along streams and creeks should take immediate 
precautions to protect life and property.

&&

LAT...LON 2990 9427 2996 9412 2999 9399 2990 9396
      2981 9427

FLASH FLOOD...RADAR INDICATED
EXPECTED RAINFALL...1-3 INCHES IN 1 HOUR 

$$

Castillo
2 follow-up statements
959 
WGUS74 KLCH 282245
FFSLCH

Flash Flood Statement
National Weather Service Lake Charles LA
Issued by National Weather Service Brownsville TX
545 PM CDT Fri Aug 28 2020

TXC245-290100-
/O.CON.KLCH.FF.W.0024.000000T0000Z-200829T0100Z/
/00000.0.ER.000000T0000Z.000000T0000Z.000000T0000Z.OO/
Jefferson TX-
545 PM CDT Fri Aug 28 2020

...FLASH FLOOD WARNING REMAINS IN EFFECT UNTIL 8 PM CDT THIS EVENING 
FOR CENTRAL JEFFERSON COUNTY...

At 545 PM CDT, Doppler radar indicated thunderstorms producing heavy 
rain across the warned area. Between 2 and 4 inches of rain have 
fallen. Flash flooding is ongoing or expected to begin shortly.

HAZARD...Flash flooding caused by thunderstorms.

SOURCE...Doppler radar.

IMPACT...Flooding of small creeks and streams, urban areas,
         highways, streets and underpasses as well as other
         drainage and low lying areas.

Some locations that will experience flash flooding include...
  Port Arthur, Nederland, La Belle, Port Acres and Southeast Texas 
  Regional Airport.

Additional rainfall amounts up to 1 inch are possible in the warned 
area.

PRECAUTIONARY/PREPAREDNESS ACTIONS...

Turn around, don't drown when encountering flooded roads. Most flood 
deaths occur in vehicles.

Excessive runoff from heavy rainfall will cause flooding of small 
creeks and streams, country roads, farmland, and other low lying 
spots.

A Flash Flood Warning means that flooding is imminent or occurring. 
If you are in the warned area move to higher ground immediately. 
Residents living along streams and creeks should take immediate 
precautions to protect life and property.

&&

LAT...LON 2990 9427 2996 9412 2999 9399 2990 9396
      2981 9427

FLASH FLOOD...RADAR INDICATED
EXPECTED RAINFALL...0.5-1 INCH IN 1 HOUR 

$$

Castillo
674 
WGUS74 KLCH 282312
FFSLCH

Flash Flood Statement
National Weather Service Lake Charles LA
Issued by National Weather Service Brownsville TX
612 PM CDT Fri Aug 28 2020

TXC245-282322-
/O.CAN.KLCH.FF.W.0024.000000T0000Z-200829T0100Z/
/00000.0.ER.000000T0000Z.000000T0000Z.000000T0000Z.OO/
Jefferson TX-
612 PM CDT Fri Aug 28 2020

...FLASH FLOOD WARNING IS CANCELLED FOR CENTRAL JEFFERSON COUNTY...

The heavy rain has ended. Flooding is no longer expected to pose a 
threat. Please continue to heed remaining road closures.

LAT...LON 2990 9427 2996 9412 2999 9399 2990 9396
      2981 9427

$$

Castillo

What forecasters said that day

The local office's own words before this flash flood warning went out, as it sent them, from the Iowa Environmental Mesonet's archive of National Weather Service text.

NWS Lake Charles, LA wrote its last area forecast discussion before this flash flood warning went out at Aug 28, 3:56 PM CDT, 56 minutes earlier.

Area forecast discussion, Aug 28, 3:56 PM CDT, 56 minutes before
Area Forecast Discussion
National Weather Service Lake Charles LA
Issued by National Weather Service Brownsville TX
356 PM CDT Fri Aug 28 2020

.DISCUSSION...Strong to marginally severe convection moving west
to east will continue across portions of the area into this
evening. Activity is currently best over East Texas but will
spread east through this evening. Locally heavy rainfall could
produce isolated flooding concerns. Furthermore, unsettled weather
will continue the next three days as a mid level weakness hovers
over the area.

More immediately, however, patchy fog will be possible Saturday
morning due to light overnight winds and residual ground moisture.
A heat advisory may be needed Saturday for portions of the area,
particularly the Texas counties of the CWA, and neither can heat
advisory conditions be ruled out for Sunday nor Monday.

Surface high pressure will continue to extend across the Gulf
waters through the middle of next week, influencing local
conditions. The mid level weakness will fill/drift east by Sunday,
with mid level ridging building laterally across the area early in
the week and remaining in place through mid week. The reformation
of the ridge should reduce shower and thunderstorms potential to
isolated around mid to late week.

&&

.MARINE...
Light to moderate winds and low to moderate seas are expected
through most of the forecast. Unsettled marine weather with
periodic showers and thunderstorms will be ongoing. Rougher seas
and gusty winds will be possible in and near convection.

&&

.PREV DISCUSSION... /issued Issued by National Weather Service
Tampa Bay Ruskin FL/

AVIATION...
Afternoon and evening convection is expected with gusty winds at
times. Showers and thunderstorms should diminish after 02Z.
Temporary MVFR/IFR conditions will continue as storms move across
TAF sites, but ceilings and visibilities should improve for
several hours during the evening before patchy fog develops near
sunrise. Southerly winds will decrease through this evening, but
will gradually increase by the late morning hours on Saturday.
Chances of rain return to the terminals in the morning as well.

&&

.PRELIMINARY POINT TEMPS/POPS...
AEX  74  94  74  92 /  10  20  10  30
LCH  78  90  78  90 /  30  40  20  40
LFT  77  91  77  91 /  20  60  30  60
BPT  79  92  78  91 /  20  30  20  30

&&

.LCH WATCHES/WARNINGS/ADVISORIES...
LA...None.
TX...Heat Advisory until 7 PM CDT this evening for TXZ180-201-215-216-
     259>262.

GM...None.
&&

PUBLIC...87
Hazardous weather outlook, Aug 28, 2:20 PM CDT, 2 hours 32 minutes before
Hazardous Weather Outlook
National Weather Service Lake Charles LA
Issued by National Weather Service Brownsville TX
220 PM CDT Fri Aug 28 2020

TXZ180-201-215-216-259>262-291930-
Tyler-Hardin-Jefferson-Orange-Northern Jasper-Northern Newton-
Southern Jasper-Southern Newton-
220 PM CDT Fri Aug 28 2020

...HEAT ADVISORY IN EFFECT UNTIL 7 PM CDT THIS EVENING...

This Hazardous Weather Outlook is for southeast Texas.

.DAY ONE...This afternoon and tonight.

Please listen to NOAA Weather Radio or go to weather.gov on the
Internet for more information about the following hazards.

   Heat Advisory.

.DAYS TWO THROUGH SEVEN...Saturday through Thursday.

Heat advisory conditions will be possible Saturday through Monday.

.SPOTTER INFORMATION STATEMENT...

Spotter activation is not expected at this time.

LAZ027>033-041>045-052>055-073-074-291930-
Vernon-Rapides-Avoyelles-Beauregard-Allen-Evangeline-St. Landry-
Calcasieu-Jefferson Davis-Acadia-Lafayette-Upper St. Martin-
Vermilion-Iberia-St. Mary-Lower St. Martin-West Cameron-East Cameron-
220 PM CDT Fri Aug 28 2020

This Hazardous Weather Outlook is for central Louisiana, south
central Louisiana, southwest Louisiana and west central Louisiana.

.DAY ONE...This afternoon and tonight.

Scattered thunderstorms today may produce gusty winds, reduce
visibility in heavy rainfall and a few lightning strikes.

.DAYS TWO THROUGH SEVEN...Saturday through Thursday.

The probability for widespread hazardous weather is low.

.SPOTTER INFORMATION STATEMENT...

Spotter activation is not expected at this time.

GMZ430-432-435-450-452-455-470-472-475-291930-
Sabine Lake-Calcasieu Lake-Vermilion Bay-
Coastal waters from Cameron LA to High Island TX out 20 NM-
Coastal waters from Intracoastal City to Cameron LA out 20 NM-
Coastal waters from Lower Atchafalaya River to Intracoastal City LA
out 20 NM-Waters from Cameron LA to High Island TX from 20 to 60 NM-
Waters from Intracoastal City to Cameron LA from 20 to 60 NM-
Waters from Lower Atchafalaya River to Intracoastal City LA from
20 to 60 NM-
220 PM CDT Fri Aug 28 2020

This Hazardous Weather Outlook is for the Gulf of Mexico and the
coastal lakes and bays of the Gulf of Mexico.

.DAY ONE...This afternoon and tonight.

Scattered thunderstorms today may produce gusty winds, reduce
visibility in heavy rainfall and a few lightning strikes.

.DAYS TWO THROUGH SEVEN...Saturday through Thursday.

The probability for widespread hazardous weather is low.

.SPOTTER INFORMATION STATEMENT...

Spotter activation is not expected at this time.

In the hours before

Special weather statement, Aug 28, 3:26 PM CDT, 1 hour 26 minutes before
Special Weather Statement
National Weather Service Lake Charles LA
Issued by National Weather Service Brownsville TX
326 PM CDT Fri Aug 28 2020

TXZ201-215-282115-
Jefferson TX-Hardin TX-
326 PM CDT Fri Aug 28 2020

...SIGNIFICANT WEATHER ADVISORY FOR NORTHWESTERN JEFFERSON AND SOUTH
CENTRAL HARDIN COUNTIES UNTIL 415 PM CDT...

At 326 PM CDT, Doppler radar was tracking a strong thunderstorm OVER
Nome, moving northeast at 15 mph.

Winds in excess of 40 mph will be possible with this storm.

Locations impacted include...
Sour Lake, Nome, Bevil Oaks and China.

PRECAUTIONARY/PREPAREDNESS ACTIONS...

Torrential rainfall is also occurring with this storm, and may lead
to localized flooding. Do not drive your vehicle through flooded
roadways.

Frequent cloud to ground lightning is occurring with this storm.
Lightning can strike 10 miles away from a thunderstorm. Seek a safe
shelter inside a building or vehicle.

&&

LAT...LON 3021 9431 3001 9419 2995 9444 3011 9445
      3011 9448
TIME...MOT...LOC 2026Z 240DEG 11KT 3007 9443

Hallman
Special weather statement, Aug 28, 3:45 PM CDT, 1 hour 7 minutes before
Special Weather Statement
National Weather Service Lake Charles LA
Issued by National Weather Service Brownsville TX
345 PM CDT Fri Aug 28 2020

TXZ180-201-282130-
Hardin TX-Tyler TX-
345 PM CDT Fri Aug 28 2020

...SIGNIFICANT WEATHER ADVISORY FOR SOUTH CENTRAL TYLER AND NORTHERN
HARDIN COUNTIES UNTIL 430 PM CDT...

At 344 PM CDT, Doppler radar was tracking a strong thunderstorm OVER
Honey Island, or 8 miles west of Kountze, moving northeast at 10 mph.

Winds in excess of 40 mph will be possible with this storm.

Locations impacted include...
Silsbee, Kountze, Warren, Wildwood, Village Mills and Honey Island.

PRECAUTIONARY/PREPAREDNESS ACTIONS...

Torrential rainfall is also occurring with this storm, and may lead
to localized flooding. Do not drive your vehicle through flooded
roadways.

Frequent cloud to ground lightning is occurring with this storm.
Lightning can strike 10 miles away from a thunderstorm. Seek a safe
shelter inside a building or vehicle.

&&

LAT...LON 3032 9415 3034 9456 3040 9460 3064 9439
      3045 9416
TIME...MOT...LOC 2044Z 222DEG 10KT 3039 9445

Hallman
Special weather statement, Aug 28, 4:01 PM CDT, 51 minutes before
Special Weather Statement
National Weather Service Lake Charles LA
Issued by National Weather Service Brownsville TX
401 PM CDT Fri Aug 28 2020

TXZ215-216-282145-
Orange TX-Jefferson TX-
401 PM CDT Fri Aug 28 2020

...SIGNIFICANT WEATHER ADVISORY FOR CENTRAL JEFFERSON AND
SOUTHWESTERN ORANGE COUNTIES UNTIL 445 PM CDT...

At 401 PM CDT, Doppler radar was tracking a strong thunderstorm NEAR
Port Acres, or 7 miles southwest of Central Gardens, moving east at
15 mph.

Winds in excess of 40 mph will be possible with this storm.

Locations impacted include...
Beaumont, Port Arthur, Nederland, Groves, Port Neches, Vidor, Central
Gardens, Rose City, La Belle and Port Acres.

PRECAUTIONARY/PREPAREDNESS ACTIONS...

Torrential rainfall is also occurring with this storm, and may lead
to localized flooding. Do not drive your vehicle through flooded
roadways.

Frequent cloud to ground lightning is occurring with this storm.
Lightning can strike 10 miles away from a thunderstorm. Seek a safe
shelter inside a building or vehicle.

&&

LAT...LON 2997 9427 3015 9397 2996 9385 2996 9387
      2993 9387 2987 9392 2985 9392 2985 9394
      2982 9395 2982 9400 2979 9418
TIME...MOT...LOC 2101Z 254DEG 12KT 2991 9410

Hallman
Special weather statement, Aug 28, 4:24 PM CDT, 28 minutes before
Special Weather Statement
National Weather Service Lake Charles LA
Issued by National Weather Service Brownsville TX
424 PM CDT Fri Aug 28 2020

TXZ201-215-216-261-262-282215-
Orange TX-Jefferson TX-Hardin TX-Southern Newton TX-
Southern Jasper TX-
424 PM CDT Fri Aug 28 2020

...SIGNIFICANT WEATHER ADVISORY FOR NORTH CENTRAL JEFFERSON...
SOUTHWESTERN NEWTON...SOUTHEASTERN HARDIN...NORTHWESTERN ORANGE AND
SOUTHEASTERN JASPER COUNTIES UNTIL 515 PM CDT...

At 423 PM CDT, Doppler radar was tracking a strong thunderstorm OVER
Weiss Bluff, or NEAR Lumberton, moving northeast at 15 mph.

Winds in excess of 40 mph will be possible with this storm.

Locations impacted include...
Beaumont, Lumberton, Vidor, Silsbee, Evadale, Mauriceville, Buna,
Bevil Oaks, Rose City and Pine Forest.

PRECAUTIONARY/PREPAREDNESS ACTIONS...

Torrential rainfall is also occurring with this storm, and may lead
to localized flooding. Do not drive your vehicle through flooded
roadways.

Frequent cloud to ground lightning is occurring with this storm.
Lightning can strike 10 miles away from a thunderstorm. Seek a safe
shelter inside a building or vehicle.

&&

LAT...LON 2996 9427 3031 9431 3051 9390 3024 9377
TIME...MOT...LOC 2123Z 246DEG 15KT 3025 9412

Hallman
Special weather statement, Aug 28, 4:42 PM CDT, 10 minutes before
Special Weather Statement
National Weather Service Lake Charles LA
Issued by National Weather Service Brownsville TX
442 PM CDT Fri Aug 28 2020

TXZ180-201-282230-
Hardin TX-Tyler TX-
442 PM CDT Fri Aug 28 2020

...SIGNIFICANT WEATHER ADVISORY FOR SOUTHERN TYLER...NORTHWESTERN
HARDIN AND SOUTHWESTERN JASPER COUNTIES UNTIL 530 PM CDT...

At 440 PM CDT, Doppler radar was tracking strong thunderstorms along
a line extending from NEAR Woodville to NEAR Wildwood. Movement was
southeast at 10 mph.

Winds in excess of 40 mph and heavy rainfall will be possible with
these storms.

Locations impacted include...
Woodville, Kountze, Warren, Fred, Wildwood, Spurger, Honey Island,
Village Mills, Ivanhoe and Hillister.

PRECAUTIONARY/PREPAREDNESS ACTIONS...

Torrential rainfall is also occurring with these storms, and may lead
to localized flooding. Do not drive your vehicle through flooded
roadways.

Frequent cloud to ground lightning is occurring with these storms.
Lightning can strike 10 miles away from a thunderstorm. Seek a safe
shelter inside a building or vehicle.

&&

LAT...LON 3049 9454 3067 9458 3085 9440 3077 9414
      3074 9413 3073 9414 3072 9413 3071 9414
      3070 9412 3069 9413 3069 9409 3066 9409
      3067 9407 3066 9406 3028 9438 3049 9473
TIME...MOT...LOC 2140Z 295DEG 9KT 3072 9436 3054 9452

Hallman
Special weather statement, Aug 28, 4:44 PM CDT, 8 minutes before
Special Weather Statement
National Weather Service Lake Charles LA
Issued by National Weather Service Brownsville TX
444 PM CDT Fri Aug 28 2020

TXZ215-216-282230-
Orange TX-Jefferson TX-
444 PM CDT Fri Aug 28 2020

...SIGNIFICANT WEATHER ADVISORY FOR CENTRAL JEFFERSON AND CENTRAL
ORANGE COUNTIES UNTIL 530 PM CDT...

At 444 PM CDT, Doppler radar was tracking a strong thunderstorm OVER
La Belle, or 8 miles east of Hamshire, moving east at 10 mph.

Winds in excess of 40 mph will be possible with this storm.

Locations impacted include...
Beaumont, Port Arthur, Orange, Nederland, Groves, Port Neches, Vidor,
Bridge City, Hamshire and Central Gardens.

PRECAUTIONARY/PREPAREDNESS ACTIONS...

Torrential rainfall is also occurring with this storm, and may lead
to localized flooding. Do not drive your vehicle through flooded
roadways.

Frequent cloud to ground lightning is occurring with this storm.
Lightning can strike 10 miles away from a thunderstorm. Seek a safe
shelter inside a building or vehicle.

&&

LAT...LON 3020 9386 3000 9377 2999 9380 3000 9379
      2998 9383 2999 9386 2997 9384 2996 9387
      2993 9386 2986 9393 2985 9392 2985 9393
      2983 9395 2972 9435 2989 9436 2989 9437
      2991 9437
TIME...MOT...LOC 2144Z 247DEG 10KT 2989 9418

Hallman

The office that day

Everything else NWS Lake Charles, LA issued on the same UTC day.

IssuedProductOfficeCountiesLasted
Aug 28, 3:59 AM CDTHeat AdvisoryLCHHardin, Jasper, Newton, Tyler15 hr
Aug 28, 8:34 AM CDTRiver Flood WarningLCHHardin, Jasper, Jefferson, Orange27 hr
Aug 28, 9:00 AM CDTSpecial Weather StatementLCHHardin, Jefferson, Orange60 min
Aug 28, 10:26 AM CDTSpecial Weather StatementLCHJefferson, Orange64 min
Aug 28, 10:27 AM CDTAreal Flood AdvisoryLCHJefferson2 hr
Aug 28, 10:58 AM CDTFlash Flood WarningLCHJefferson3 hr
Aug 28, 11:13 AM CDTSpecial Weather StatementLCHJasper, Newton, Tyler32 min
Aug 28, 12:20 PM CDTSpecial Weather StatementLCHJasper, Newton, Tyler40 min
Aug 28, 12:37 PM CDTSpecial Weather StatementLCHJefferson38 min
Aug 28, 12:58 PM CDTSevere Thunderstorm WarningLCHJefferson, Orange47 min
Aug 28, 1:27 PM CDTSevere Thunderstorm WarningLCHJefferson, Orange48 min
Aug 28, 1:28 PM CDTFlash Flood WarningLCHJefferson3 hr
Aug 28, 1:37 PM CDTSpecial Weather StatementLCHNewton38 min
Aug 28, 2:24 PM CDTSpecial Weather StatementLCHJasper, Newton51 min
Aug 28, 2:31 PM CDTSpecial Weather StatementLCHTyler59 min
Aug 28, 3:05 PM CDTSevere Thunderstorm WarningLCHTyler55 min
Aug 28, 3:10 PM CDTSpecial Weather StatementLCHHardin50 min
Aug 28, 3:26 PM CDTSpecial Weather StatementLCHHardin49 min
Aug 28, 3:32 PM CDTSevere Thunderstorm WarningLCHHardin, Jefferson58 min
Aug 28, 3:45 PM CDTSpecial Weather StatementLCHHardin45 min
Aug 28, 4:01 PM CDTSpecial Weather StatementLCHJefferson44 min
Aug 28, 4:24 PM CDTSpecial Weather StatementLCHOrange51 min
Aug 28, 4:42 PM CDTSpecial Weather StatementLCHHardin, Tyler48 min
Aug 28, 4:44 PM CDTSpecial Weather StatementLCHJefferson, Orange46 min

Nearby

Flash Flood Warnings in Texas, 2020Every flash flood warning in 2020

Sources

The product and its follow-ups from the Iowa Environmental Mesonet's archive of National Weather Service and Storm Prediction Center text; the sounding from the Mesonet's radiosonde archive.