Alert archive / Minnesota / Tornado Watches in 2019

Tornado Watch 522

July 18, 201910 counties in Iowa; 13 counties in Minnesota; Minnehaha County, Moody County, South Dakota

The Storm Prediction Center issued this tornado watch at Jul 18, 2019, 5:30 PM CDT for 10 counties in Iowa; 13 counties in Minnesota; Minnehaha County, Moody County, South Dakota. It was in force for 4 hr.

The area

The outline as issued.

The facts

Issued
Jul 18, 2019, 5:30 PM CDT (22:30 UTC)
Expired
Jul 18, 2019, 9:33 PM CDT
In force
4 hr
Issued by
the Storm Prediction Center
Largest hail expected
2 in
Strongest gust expected
60 kt
All 25 counties

Cerro Gordo County, IA, Dickinson County, IA, Emmet County, IA, Hancock County, IA, Kossuth County, IA, Lyon County, IA, Osceola County, IA, Palo Alto County, IA, Winnebago County, IA, Worth County, IA, Blue Earth County, MN, Cottonwood County, MN, Faribault County, MN, Freeborn County, MN, Jackson County, MN, Martin County, MN, Murray County, MN, Nobles County, MN, Pipestone County, MN, Rock County, MN, Steele County, MN, Waseca County, MN, Watonwan County, MN, Minnehaha County, SD, Moody County, SD

The radar

The Sioux Falls radar (KFSD), 120 km from the middle of the area, began a volume at 22:31 UTC, the scan nearest the moment this went out.

Open the radar archive at this moment

The archived warnings, watches and discussions in force at that minute are drawn over the scan, this one among them.

What SPC expected

The probabilities SPC published with the watch, for the watch area over its life.

Two or more tornadoes
30%
One or more EF2 to EF5 tornadoes
10%
Ten or more severe wind reports
40%
One or more gusts of 65 knots or more
20%
Ten or more severe hail reports
40%
One or more hailstones of 2 inches or more
30%
Six or more combined severe hail and wind reports
70%

Warnings issued inside it

7 tornado, severe thunderstorm and flash flood warnings for its counties while it was in force.

IssuedProductOfficeCountiesLasted
Jul 18, 5:43 PM CDTTornado WarningFSDJackson32 min
Jul 18, 5:59 PM CDTSevere Thunderstorm WarningMPXBlue Earth, Faribault, Waseca31 min
Jul 18, 6:35 PM CDTTornado WarningMPXMartin25 min
Jul 18, 6:37 PM CDTTornado WarningMPXWaseca23 min
Jul 18, 6:58 PM CDTTornado WarningMPXFaribault, Martin32 min
Jul 18, 7:21 PM CDTTornado WarningFSDMurray24 min
Jul 18, 7:32 PM CDTSevere Thunderstorm WarningMPXBrown, Watonwan43 min

Discussions around it

SPC mesoscale discussions over the same counties from four hours before the watch to its end.

The nearest sounding before it

Minneapolis, MN (KMPX), launched 12:00Z, 10.5 hours before the alert went out and 178 km from the middle of its area. This is the routine balloon launch nearest before it, the air the forecaster had in hand, not a measurement taken for the alert.

Skew-T log-pSkew-T log-p diagram, Minneapolis, MN at 12:00Z on 2019-07-18Temperature and dew point through the depth of the atmosphere, with the mixed-layer parcel. CAPE 686 joules per kilogram.LCLLFCEL10008507005003002001001 km2 km3 km6 km9 km12 km15 km-30°-20°-10°0°10°20°30°40°
Temperature in red, dew point in green, the mixed-layer parcel dashed.
HodographHodograph, Minneapolis, MN at 12:00Z on 2019-07-18The wind through the lowest 10 kilometers. Zero to 1 km storm-relative helicity 53 square meters per square second.19395878Sfc1 km3 km6 km9 kmRMLM
The wind turning with height, colored by layer: ground to 1 km, 1 to 3 km, 3 to 6 km, 6 to 10 km.
Mixed-layer CAPE
686 J/kg
Mixed-layer CIN
-120 J/kg
Mixed-layer LCL
845 m above ground
0-6 km bulk shear
55 kt
0-1 km storm-relative helicity
53 m²/s²
0-3 km storm-relative helicity
54 m²/s²
Significant tornado parameter
0.1
Supercell composite
0.5

Open this sounding in Storm Lab

The text

As transmitted.

602 
WWUS20 KWNS 182227
SEL2  
SPC WW 182227
IAZ000-MNZ000-SDZ000-190500-

URGENT - IMMEDIATE BROADCAST REQUESTED
Tornado Watch Number 522
NWS Storm Prediction Center Norman OK
530 PM CDT Thu Jul 18 2019

The NWS Storm Prediction Center has issued a

* Tornado Watch for portions of 
  Extreme northern Iowa
  Southern Minnesota
  Extreme southeastern South Dakota

* Effective this Thursday afternoon from 530 PM until Midnight
  CDT.

* Primary threats include...
  A couple tornadoes possible
  Scattered large hail and isolated very large hail events to 2
    inches in diameter possible
  Scattered damaging wind gusts to 70 mph possible

SUMMARY...Thunderstorm development is underway along a weak wind
shift from southeastern South Dakota eastward near the
Minnesota/Iowa border.  The storm environment will favor supercells
capable of producing large hail, damaging winds, and a couple of
tornadoes through late evening as storms spread generally eastward.

The tornado watch area is approximately along and 35 statute miles
north and south of a line from 10 miles north of Sioux Falls SD to
35 miles north northeast of Mason City IA. For a complete depiction
of the watch see the associated watch outline update (WOUS64 KWNS
WOU2).

PRECAUTIONARY/PREPAREDNESS ACTIONS...

REMEMBER...A Tornado Watch means conditions are favorable for
tornadoes and severe thunderstorms in and close to the watch
area. Persons in these areas should be on the lookout for
threatening weather conditions and listen for later statements
and possible warnings.

&&

AVIATION...Tornadoes and a few severe thunderstorms with hail
surface and aloft to 2 inches. Extreme turbulence and surface wind
gusts to 60 knots. A few cumulonimbi with maximum tops to 650. Mean
storm motion vector 28025.

...Thompson

SPC that day

Everything else SPC issued on the same UTC day.

IssuedProductOfficeCountiesLasted
Jul 17, 10:43 PM CDTMesoscale DiscussionSPCAllamakee, Black Hawk, Bremer, Buchanan, Butler, Cerro Gordo and 10 more2 hr
Jul 18, 4:54 PM CDTMesoscale DiscussionSPCLyon66 min
Jul 17, 7:46 PM CDTMesoscale DiscussionSPCButte, Corson, Custer, Fall River, Haakon, Lawrence and 5 more119 min
Jul 17, 11:06 PM CDTMesoscale DiscussionSPCEdmunds, Faulk, Hand, Hughes, Hyde, Potter and 1 more54 min

Nearby

Tornado Watches in Minnesota, 2019Tornado Watches in Iowa, 2019Tornado Watches in South Dakota, 2019Every tornado watch in 2019

Sources

The product and its follow-ups from the Iowa Environmental Mesonet's archive of National Weather Service and Storm Prediction Center text; the sounding from the Mesonet's radiosonde archive; radar from the NEXRAD Level II archive.