Alert archive / Oklahoma / Tornado Warnings in 2019

Tornado Warning 72, NWS Norman, OK

May 21, 2019Atoka County, Oklahoma

NWS Norman, OK issued this tornado warning at May 21, 2019, 7:39 AM CDT for Atoka County, Oklahoma. It was in force for 27 min. No storm report in the archive falls inside the area while it was in force.

The area

The outline as issued.

The facts

Issued: May 21, 2019, 7:39 AM CDT (12:39 UTC)
Expired: May 21, 2019, 8:06 AM CDT
In force: 27 min
Issued by: NWS Norman, OK
Area: Storm-based polygon
Tornado: Radar indicated
Hail: 0.0 in

County Atoka County, OK

The radar

The Western Arkansas radar (KSRX), 160 km from the middle of the area, began a volume at 12:39 UTC, the scan nearest the moment this went out.

Open the radar archive at this moment

The archived warnings, watches and discussions in force at that minute are drawn over the scan, this one among them.

Did it verify

Not verified. The Iowa Environmental Mesonet's Cow found no qualifying storm report inside this tornado warning while it was in force. That is not proof nothing happened: reports are thin where few people live.

Cow counts a report within 15 km of the polygon while the warning was in force: a tornado for a tornado warning; hail of 1 inch or more, a gust of 58 mph or more or wind damage for a severe thunderstorm warning; a flash flood report for a flash flood warning.

The nearest sounding before it

Norman, OK (KOUN), launched 12:00Z, 0.7 hours before the alert went out and 164 km from the middle of its area. This is the routine balloon launch nearest before it, the air the forecaster had in hand, not a measurement taken for the alert.

Skew-T log-p

Temperature in red, dew point in green, the mixed-layer parcel dashed.

Hodograph

The wind turning with height, colored by layer: ground to 1 km, 1 to 3 km, 3 to 6 km, 6 to 10 km.

Mixed-layer CAPE: 0 J/kg
Mixed-layer CIN: No buoyant parcel
Mixed-layer LCL: 742 m above ground
0-6 km bulk shear: 66 kt
0-1 km storm-relative helicity: -157 m²/s²
0-3 km storm-relative helicity: -324 m²/s²
Significant tornado parameter: 0.0
Supercell composite: 0.0

Open this sounding in Storm Lab

The text

As transmitted.

087 
WFUS54 KOUN 211239
TOROUN
OKC005-211330-
/O.NEW.KOUN.TO.W.0072.190521T1239Z-190521T1330Z/

BULLETIN - EAS ACTIVATION REQUESTED
Tornado Warning
National Weather Service Norman OK
739 AM CDT Tue May 21 2019

The National Weather Service in Norman has issued a

* Tornado Warning for...
  Northeastern Atoka County in southeastern Oklahoma...

* Until 830 AM CDT.
    
* At 738 AM CDT, a severe thunderstorm capable of producing a tornado
  was located 5 miles southeast of Stringtown, moving northeast at 55
  mph.

  HAZARD...Tornado.

  SOURCE...Radar indicated rotation.

  IMPACT...Flying debris will be dangerous to those caught without 
           shelter. Mobile homes will be damaged or destroyed. 
           Damage to roofs, windows, and vehicles will occur.  Tree 
           damage is likely.

* Locations impacted include...
  Stringtown, Daisy, Redden, McGee Creek Lake and southwestern Atoka
  Reservoir.

PRECAUTIONARY/PREPAREDNESS ACTIONS...

TAKE COVER NOW! Move to a storm shelter, safe room or an interior
room on the lowest floor of a sturdy building. Avoid windows. If you
are outdoors, in a mobile home, or in a vehicle, move to the closest
substantial shelter and protect yourself from flying debris.

&&

LAT...LON 3451 9578 3443 9578 3430 9597 3444 9610
      3464 9588 3459 9588 3459 9567 3451 9567
TIME...MOT...LOC 1238Z 226DEG 47KT 3441 9599 

TORNADO...RADAR INDICATED
HAIL...0.00IN

$$

Ware

1 follow-up statement

177 
WWUS54 KOUN 211306
SVSOUN

Severe Weather Statement
National Weather Service Norman OK
806 AM CDT Tue May 21 2019

OKC005-211316-
/O.CAN.KOUN.TO.W.0072.000000T0000Z-190521T1330Z/
Atoka OK-
806 AM CDT Tue May 21 2019

...THE TORNADO WARNING FOR NORTHEASTERN ATOKA COUNTY IS CANCELLED...
        
The storm which prompted the warning has moved out of the area.
Therefore, the warning has been cancelled.

LAT...LON 3451 9578 3443 9578 3430 9597 3444 9610
      3464 9588 3459 9588 3459 9567 3451 9567
TIME...MOT...LOC 1305Z 226DEG 47KT 3467 9567 

$$

Ware

What forecasters said that day

The local office's own words before this tornado warning went out, as it sent them, from the Iowa Environmental Mesonet's archive of National Weather Service text.

NWS Norman, OK wrote its last area forecast discussion before this tornado warning went out at May 21, 6:29 AM CDT, 1 hour 10 minutes earlier.

Area forecast discussion, May 21, 6:29 AM CDT, 1 hour 10 minutes before

Area Forecast Discussion
National Weather Service Norman OK
629 AM CDT Tue May 21 2019

.DISCUSSION...
The 12Z aviation discussion follows....

&&

.AVIATION...
A large area of rain and thunderstorms (a few of which have been
producing short-lived small tornadoes) will affect about the
eastern half of Oklahoma this morning, then move into far eastern
Oklahoma and Arkansas this afternoon. Additional scattered storms,
some of which may be severe, are expected in far northern Oklahoma
through this afternoon. Severe storms are unlikely at the TAF
sites, but some thunder will be possible for a few more hours at
KPNC, KOKC, and KOUN. Strong southwest winds are expected to
spread across Oklahoma and north Texas later this morning as the
surface low moves off to the northeast. This should clear out any
remaining low clouds or precipitation. Winds will diminish slowly
this evening and overnight.

CmS
&&

.PREV DISCUSSION... /issued 319 AM CDT Tue May 21 2019/

DISCUSSION...
A convective system associated with a strong upper-level wave and
its related surface cyclone is working its way slowly to the east
across our forecast area early this morning. It currently covers
about the western 2/3 of our area, and should begin to increase
its eastward speed over the next several hours, finally exiting
our area sometime this morning or early this afternoon. A few
showers and thunderstorms will also be possible through the
afternoon in northwest Oklahoma, closer to the wave aloft. Any of
these storms could be severe, as vertical shear remains
impressive.

Heavy rainfall across the region has left the ground extremely
wet, and flooding is already a problem in many areas. Rain chances
continue through nearly all the forecast area this morning. As a
result, the existing Flood Watch will be retained for this
forecast issuance.

Starting tonight, and lasting through Wednesday morning, we get
a short (18 hour) break from thunderstorm chances. Storms should
start to increase again Wednesday afternoon across our central
and southeast counties, then shift northwest as warm and moist air
returns from the southeast. By the end of the day, a warm front
should be near, or north of, the Kansas border, setting the stage
for Thursday.

Another wave aloft, not quite as strong as today's, will arrive in
the area Thursday. With the warm, humid air established across our
forecast area, severe storms will be a significant possibility
again, mainly over northwest Oklahoma.

Despite the departure of that wave, the lingering moisture and
occasional weak disturbances aloft will help maintain at least
slight chances for thunderstorms into early next week.

CmS

&&

.PRELIMINARY POINT TEMPS/POPS...
Oklahoma City OK  75  57  83  69 /  30   0  20  40
Hobart OK         76  54  84  68 /  10   0  20  30
Wichita Falls TX  78  58  87  71 /  10   0  30  30
Gage OK           71  47  82  64 /  40   0  10  30
Ponca City OK     75  54  82  70 /  70   0  20  40
Durant OK         79  60  86  71 /  80   0  20  10

&&

.OUN WATCHES/WARNINGS/ADVISORIES...
OK...Flood Watch until 1 PM CDT this afternoon for OKZ004>048-050>052.

TX...Flood Watch until 1 PM CDT this afternoon for TXZ083>090.

&&

50/23/23

Hazardous weather outlook, May 21, 3:53 AM CDT, 3 hours 46 minutes before

Hazardous Weather Outlook
National Weather Service Norman OK
353 AM CDT Tue May 21 2019

OKZ004>048-050>052-TXZ083>090-211900-
Harper-Woods-Alfalfa-Grant-Kay-Ellis-Woodward-Major-Garfield-
Noble-Roger Mills-Dewey-Custer-Blaine-Kingfisher-Logan-Payne-
Beckham-Washita-Caddo-Canadian-Oklahoma-Lincoln-Grady-McClain-
Cleveland-Pottawatomie-Seminole-Hughes-Harmon-Greer-Kiowa-Jackson-
Tillman-Comanche-Stephens-Garvin-Murray-Pontotoc-Coal-Cotton-
Jefferson-Carter-Johnston-Atoka-Love-Marshall-Bryan-Hardeman-
Foard-Wilbarger-Wichita-Knox-Baylor-Archer-Clay-
353 AM CDT Tue May 21 2019

This hazardous weather outlook is for portions of northern...
western...central...and southern Oklahoma...and western north
Texas.

.DAY ONE...Today and Tonight...

.Flooding and heavy rainfall...
Heavy rainfall is expected over the eastern half of Oklahoma this
morning. This will contribute further to already saturated ground
and high waters in streams and rivers. The rain is expected to
diminish or end in most areas by afternoon.

.Thunderstorms...
Thunderstorms will be likely across the eastern half of Oklahoma
this morning. With strong vertical wind shear in place, a few
storms may be severe, with damaging winds as the primary threat.
Additional storms are possible in northwest Oklahoma through this
afternoon, where wind and hail will be the main threats.

.DAYS TWO THROUGH SEVEN...Wednesday through Monday...

.Thunderstorms...
There is at least a slight chance for thunderstorms every day
through Monday. Severe storms may occur in far western Oklahoma
on Wednesday, but a much greater risk for severe storms will be on
Thursday. Most of the region should remain capped, but northwest
storms may form in the Texas Panhandle and move into northwest
Oklahoma during the afternoon, with the attendant risks of large
hail, damaging winds, and perhaps tornadoes.

.Heavy rainfall and flooding...
Organized heavy rainfall is not expected after Tuesday morning,
but with extremely saturated soils across the region, it will not
take much to cause flooding. In addition, many streams and rivers
throughout Oklahoma will be near or above flood stage at least
through Wednesday.

Get graphics and more details at weather.gov/norman...and follow
our weather forecast office on Twitter and Facebook.

In the hours before

Special weather statement, May 21, 5:37 AM CDT, 2 hours 2 minutes before

SPECIAL WEATHER STATEMENT
NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE Norman OK
537 AM CDT Tue May 21 2019

OKZ031-032-042-043-211100-
Coal OK-Pontotoc OK-Hughes OK-Seminole OK-
537 AM CDT Tue May 21 2019

...SIGNIFICANT WEATHER ADVISORY FOR north central Coal...northeastern
Pontotoc...southwestern Hughes and southeastern Seminole Counties
Until 600 AM CDT...

AT 536 AM CDT, a strong thunderstorm was located near Ada, moving
northeast at 55 MPH.

HAZARDS INCLUDE...
Hail up to the size of nickels...
Wind gusts to 50 MPH...

LAT...LON 3465 9674 3486 9672 3506 9629 3474 9627
TIME...MOT...LOC 1036Z 240DEG 48KT 3478 9663

Ware

Special weather statement, May 21, 5:58 AM CDT, 1 hour 41 minutes before

SPECIAL WEATHER STATEMENT
NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE Norman OK
558 AM CDT Tue May 21 2019

OKZ047-050>052-211130-
Love OK-Johnston OK-Marshall OK-Bryan OK-
558 AM CDT Tue May 21 2019

...SIGNIFICANT WEATHER ADVISORY FOR eastern Love...southwestern
Johnston...Marshall and northwestern Bryan Counties Until 630 AM
CDT...

AT 557 AM CDT, a strong thunderstorm was located 6 miles east of
Thackerville, moving northeast at 75 MPH.

HAZARDS INCLUDE...
Hail up to the size of nickels...
Wind gusts to 50 MPH...

LAT...LON 3376 9719 3434 9681 3403 9637 3389 9660
      3392 9667 3384 9670 3382 9675 3387 9680
      3387 9683 3385 9686 3396 9692 3395 9698
      3385 9702 3384 9704 3385 9709 3382 9705
      3380 9709 3373 9709 3372 9712
TIME...MOT...LOC 1057Z 213DEG 65KT 3380 9704

Ware

Local storm report, May 21, 6:04 AM CDT, 1 hour 35 minutes before

PRELIMINARY LOCAL STORM REPORT
NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE NORMAN OK
604 AM CDT TUE MAY 21 2019

..TIME...   ...EVENT...      ...CITY LOCATION...     ...LAT.LON...
..DATE...   ....MAG....      ..COUNTY LOCATION..ST.. ...SOURCE....
            ..REMARKS..

0432 AM     TORNADO          1 E DALE                35.39N 97.03W
05/21/2019                   POTTAWATOMIE       OK   PUBLIC

            CAMPER FLIPPED OVER, HOME DAMAGED, TREES
            DAMAGED.

&&

Local storm report, May 21, 6:09 AM CDT, 1 hour 30 minutes before

PRELIMINARY LOCAL STORM REPORT
NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE NORMAN OK
609 AM CDT TUE MAY 21 2019

..TIME...   ...EVENT...      ...CITY LOCATION...     ...LAT.LON...
..DATE...   ....MAG....      ..COUNTY LOCATION..ST.. ...SOURCE....
            ..REMARKS..

0422 PM     TORNADO          4 W PERRY               36.29N 97.35W
05/20/2019                   NOBLE              OK   PUBLIC

            HOMES AND TREES DAMAGED.

&&

Local storm report, May 21, 6:17 AM CDT, 1 hour 22 minutes before

PRELIMINARY LOCAL STORM REPORT
NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE NORMAN OK
617 AM CDT TUE MAY 21 2019

..TIME...   ...EVENT...      ...CITY LOCATION...     ...LAT.LON...
..DATE...   ....MAG....      ..COUNTY LOCATION..ST.. ...SOURCE....
            ..REMARKS..

0614 AM     TORNADO          4 NW CRESCENT           35.99N 97.64W
05/20/2019                   LOGAN              OK   BROADCAST MEDIA

            LIVE MEDIA COVERAGE OF A TORNADO ESTIMATED
            TO BE 4 MILES NORTHWEST OF CRESCENT.

&&

Local storm report, May 21, 6:54 AM CDT, 45 minutes before

PRELIMINARY LOCAL STORM REPORT
NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE NORMAN OK
654 AM CDT TUE MAY 21 2019

..TIME...   ...EVENT...      ...CITY LOCATION...     ...LAT.LON...
..DATE...   ....MAG....      ..COUNTY LOCATION..ST.. ...SOURCE....
            ..REMARKS..

0620 AM     TORNADO          LAKE TEXOMA             33.87N 96.70W
05/21/2019                   MARSHALL           OK   AMATEUR RADIO

            OVER LAKE TEXOMA

&&

OUN

The office that day

Everything else NWS Norman, OK issued on the same UTC day.

Issued	Product	Office	Counties	Lasted
May 20, 7:04 PM CDT	Severe Thunderstorm Warning	OUN	Beckham, Harmon	41 min
May 20, 7:07 PM CDT	Severe Thunderstorm Warning	OUN	Blaine, Caddo, Canadian	38 min
May 20, 7:15 PM CDT	Flash Flood Warning	OUN	Custer, Kiowa, Washita	3 hr
May 20, 7:19 PM CDT	Severe Thunderstorm Warning	OUN	Noble, Payne	26 min
May 20, 7:23 PM CDT	Areal Flood Advisory	OUN	Blaine, Caddo, Canadian, Custer, Kingfisher, Logan and 1 more	3 hr
May 20, 7:35 PM CDT	Special Weather Statement	OUN	Canadian	25 min
May 20, 7:40 PM CDT	Severe Thunderstorm Warning	OUN	Canadian, Kingfisher	50 min
May 20, 7:44 PM CDT	Areal Flood Warning	OUN	Alfalfa, Blaine, Custer, Dewey, Garfield, Grant and 2 more	6 hr
May 20, 7:45 PM CDT	Severe Thunderstorm Warning	OUN	Caddo, Canadian	45 min
May 20, 7:53 PM CDT	Flash Flood Warning	OUN	Blaine, Caddo, Canadian, Custer, Grady, Kingfisher and 1 more	3 hr
May 20, 7:54 PM CDT	Severe Thunderstorm Warning	OUN	Payne	21 min
May 20, 8:02 PM CDT	Severe Thunderstorm Warning	OUN	Payne	28 min
May 20, 8:10 PM CDT	Special Weather Statement	OUN	Logan	35 min
May 20, 8:11 PM CDT	Severe Thunderstorm Warning	OUN	Kingfisher, Logan	38 min
May 20, 8:18 PM CDT	Special Weather Statement	OUN	Oklahoma	27 min
May 20, 8:24 PM CDT	Severe Thunderstorm Warning	OUN	Logan, Oklahoma	51 min
May 20, 8:31 PM CDT	Areal Flood Advisory	OUN	Canadian, Lincoln, Logan, Oklahoma, Payne	4 hr
May 20, 8:48 PM CDT	Areal Flood Warning	OUN	Garfield, Grant, Kay, Noble	5 hr
May 20, 8:48 PM CDT	Severe Thunderstorm Warning	OUN	Payne	27 min
May 20, 8:54 PM CDT	Severe Thunderstorm Warning	OUN	Lincoln, Payne	40 min
May 20, 9:02 PM CDT	Flash Flood Warning	OUN	Canadian, Lincoln, Logan, Oklahoma, Payne	4 hr
May 20, 9:12 PM CDT	Severe Thunderstorm Warning	OUN	Cotton, Tillman	48 min
May 20, 9:43 PM CDT	Special Weather Statement	OUN	Caddo, Canadian, Comanche	32 min
May 20, 9:48 PM CDT	Severe Thunderstorm Warning	OUN	Caddo, Canadian, Grady, Kingfisher	42 min
May 20, 9:54 PM CDT	Severe Thunderstorm Warning	OUN	Tillman	51 min
May 20, 10:06 PM CDT	Flash Flood Warning	OUN	Garfield, Logan, Noble, Payne	114 min
May 20, 10:14 PM CDT	Areal Flood Warning	OUN	Custer, Kiowa, Washita	9 hr
May 20, 10:22 PM CDT	Severe Thunderstorm Warning	OUN	Comanche, Cotton, Tillman	38 min
May 20, 10:34 PM CDT	Special Weather Statement	OUN	Canadian	26 min
May 20, 10:45 PM CDT	Severe Thunderstorm Warning	OUN	Caddo, Canadian, Grady	45 min
May 20, 10:53 PM CDT	Severe Thunderstorm Warning	OUN	Caddo, Comanche, Cotton, Garvin, Grady, McClain and 1 more	52 min
May 20, 10:58 PM CDT	Flash Flood Warning	OUN	Canadian	10 hr
May 20, 10:59 PM CDT	Special Weather Statement	OUN	Greer	31 min
May 20, 11:18 PM CDT	Areal Flood Advisory	OUN	Cleveland, Oklahoma	3 hr
May 20, 11:26 PM CDT	Severe Thunderstorm Warning	OUN	Tillman	49 min
May 20, 11:29 PM CDT	Special Weather Statement	OUN	Cleveland, McClain, Oklahoma	31 min
May 20, 11:30 PM CDT	Flash Flood Warning	OUN	Cleveland, Oklahoma	4 hr
May 20, 11:41 PM CDT	Severe Thunderstorm Warning	OUN	Cleveland, Grady, McClain, Oklahoma, Pottawatomie	37 min
May 21, 12:07 AM CDT	Areal Flood Warning	OUN	Garfield, Logan, Noble, Payne	9 hr
May 21, 1:00 AM CDT	Flash Flood Warning	OUN	Canadian, Lincoln, Logan, Oklahoma, Payne	4 hr
May 21, 1:03 AM CDT	Severe Thunderstorm Warning	OUN	Tillman	42 min
May 21, 1:22 AM CDT	Flash Flood Warning	OUN	Caddo	4 hr
May 21, 1:43 AM CDT	Severe Thunderstorm Warning	OUN	Comanche, Cotton, Jefferson, Stephens, Tillman	47 min
May 21, 1:55 AM CDT	Areal Flood Warning	OUN	Garfield, Grant, Kay, Noble	6 hr
May 21, 2:27 AM CDT	Severe Thunderstorm Warning	OUN	Grady, Jefferson, Stephens	48 min
May 21, 2:31 AM CDT	Special Weather Statement	OUN	Logan	29 min
May 21, 3:09 AM CDT	Special Weather Statement	OUN	Cleveland, McClain	36 min
May 21, 3:17 AM CDT	Flash Flood Warning	OUN	Noble, Payne	4 hr
May 21, 3:25 AM CDT	Areal Flood Warning	OUN	Cleveland, Oklahoma	5 hr
May 21, 3:47 AM CDT	Severe Thunderstorm Warning	OUN	Cleveland, McClain	43 min
May 21, 4:08 AM CDT	Tornado Warning	OUN	Cleveland	14 min
May 21, 4:24 AM CDT	Severe Thunderstorm Warning	OUN	Cleveland, Lincoln, Oklahoma, Pottawatomie	51 min
May 21, 4:26 AM CDT	Tornado Warning Tornado observed	OUN	Cleveland, Oklahoma, Pottawatomie	34 min
May 21, 4:45 AM CDT	Severe Thunderstorm Warning	OUN	Hughes, Lincoln, Pottawatomie, Seminole	45 min
May 21, 4:52 AM CDT	Tornado Warning	OUN	Lincoln	23 min
May 21, 4:54 AM CDT	Flash Flood Warning	OUN	Lincoln	3 hr
May 21, 5:00 AM CDT	Areal Flood Warning	OUN	Canadian, Logan, Oklahoma	3 hr
May 21, 5:37 AM CDT	Special Weather Statement	OUN	Pontotoc	23 min
May 21, 5:41 AM CDT	Areal Flood Warning	OUN	Caddo, Canadian, Kingfisher	3 hr
May 21, 5:58 AM CDT	Special Weather Statement	OUN	Marshall	32 min
May 21, 6:15 AM CDT	Tornado Warning	OUN	Atoka, Bryan, Johnston, Love, Marshall	30 min
May 21, 6:22 AM CDT	Tornado Warning	OUN	Hughes	53 min
May 21, 6:34 AM CDT	Areal Flood Warning	OUN	Cleveland, Pottawatomie	6 hr
May 21, 6:38 AM CDT	Tornado Warning	OUN	Atoka, Bryan, Johnston, Marshall	37 min
May 21, 6:46 AM CDT	Tornado Warning	OUN	Bryan	29 min
May 21, 6:52 AM CDT	Tornado Warning	OUN	Coal, Hughes	45 min
May 21, 6:54 AM CDT	Tornado Warning	OUN	Atoka, Coal, Johnston	36 min
May 21, 7:05 AM CDT	Tornado Warning	OUN	Atoka, Bryan	40 min
May 21, 7:24 AM CDT	Tornado Warning	OUN	Atoka, Coal	24 min
May 21, 7:50 AM CDT	Areal Flood Warning	OUN	Garfield, Grant, Kay, Noble, Payne	6 hr
May 21, 7:56 AM CDT	Areal Flood Warning	OUN	Blaine, Caddo, Canadian, Grady, Kingfisher, Logan and 1 more	6 hr
May 21, 8:10 AM CDT	Areal Flood Warning	OUN	Lincoln	4 hr
May 21, 9:40 AM CDT	River Flood Warning	OUN	Oklahoma	48 hr
May 21, 9:50 AM CDT	River Flood Warning	OUN	Custer, Washita	40 hr
May 21, 10:43 AM CDT	Wind Advisory	OUN	Beckham, Blaine, Caddo, Comanche, Cotton, Custer and 13 more	8 hr
May 21, 11:45 AM CDT	Areal Flood Warning	OUN	Canadian, Cleveland, Oklahoma	3 hr
May 21, 11:59 AM CDT	Areal Flood Warning	OUN	Lincoln	9 hr
May 21, 1:29 PM CDT	Areal Flood Warning	OUN	Canadian, Garfield, Grant, Kay, Kingfisher, Logan and 3 more	12 hr
May 21, 3:19 PM CDT	Special Weather Statement	OUN	Woods	26 min
May 21, 3:39 PM CDT	Special Weather Statement	OUN	Alfalfa, Woods	51 min

Nearby

Tornado Warnings in Oklahoma, 2019 Every tornado warning in 2019 Tornadoes in 2019

Sources

The product and its follow-ups from the Iowa Environmental Mesonet's archive of National Weather Service and Storm Prediction Center text; the sounding from the Mesonet's radiosonde archive; radar from the NEXRAD Level II archive.