Alert archive / Texas / Tornado Watches in 2018

Tornado Watch 416

October 31, 20188 counties in Arkansas; 5 parishes in Louisiana; 63 counties in Texas

The Storm Prediction Center issued this tornado watch at Oct 31, 2018, 3:02 PM CDT for 8 counties in Arkansas; 5 parishes in Louisiana; 63 counties in Texas. It was in force for 9 hr.

The area

The outline as issued.

The facts

Issued
Oct 31, 2018, 3:02 PM CDT (20:02 UTC)
Expired
Nov 1, 2018, 12:00 AM CDT
In force
9 hr
Issued by
the Storm Prediction Center
Largest hail expected
1.5 in
Strongest gust expected
60 kt
All 76 counties

Columbia County, AR, Hempstead County, AR, Howard County, AR, Lafayette County, AR, Little River County, AR, Miller County, AR, Nevada County, AR, Sevier County, AR, Bossier Parish, LA, Caddo Parish, LA, De Soto Parish, LA, Sabine Parish, LA, Webster Parish, LA, Anderson County, TX, Angelina County, TX, Austin County, TX, Bastrop County, TX, Bowie County, TX, Brazoria County, TX, Brazos County, TX, Burleson County, TX, Caldwell County, TX, Camp County, TX, Cass County, TX, Chambers County, TX, Cherokee County, TX, Colorado County, TX, Falls County, TX, Fayette County, TX, Fort Bend County, TX, Franklin County, TX, Freestone County, TX, Galveston County, TX, Gonzales County, TX, Gregg County, TX, Grimes County, TX, Hardin County, TX, Harris County, TX, Harrison County, TX, Henderson County, TX, Houston County, TX, Jasper County, TX, Jefferson County, TX, Lavaca County, TX, Lee County, TX, Leon County, TX, Liberty County, TX, Limestone County, TX, Madison County, TX, Marion County, TX, Milam County, TX, Montgomery County, TX, Morris County, TX, Nacogdoches County, TX, Newton County, TX, Orange County, TX, Panola County, TX, Polk County, TX, Red River County, TX, Robertson County, TX, Rusk County, TX, Sabine County, TX, San Augustine County, TX, San Jacinto County, TX, Shelby County, TX, Smith County, TX, Titus County, TX, Trinity County, TX, Tyler County, TX, Upshur County, TX, Van Zandt County, TX, Walker County, TX, Waller County, TX, Washington County, TX, Wharton County, TX, Wood County, TX

The radar

The Shreveport radar (KSHV), 79 km from the middle of the area, began a volume at 20:03 UTC, the scan nearest the moment this went out.

Open the radar archive at this moment

The archived warnings, watches and discussions in force at that minute are drawn over the scan, this one among them.

What SPC expected

The probabilities SPC published with the watch, for the watch area over its life.

Two or more tornadoes
60%
One or more EF2 to EF5 tornadoes
20%
Ten or more severe wind reports
60%
One or more gusts of 65 knots or more
20%
Ten or more severe hail reports
40%
One or more hailstones of 2 inches or more
20%
Six or more combined severe hail and wind reports
90%

Warnings issued inside it

36 tornado, severe thunderstorm and flash flood warnings for its counties while it was in force.

IssuedProductOfficeCountiesLasted
Oct 31, 3:16 PM CDTSevere Thunderstorm WarningHGXAustin, Colorado, Fort Bend, Waller, Wharton29 min
Oct 31, 3:17 PM CDTTornado WarningHGXFort Bend, Harris28 min
Oct 31, 3:27 PM CDTTornado WarningHGXAustin, Colorado18 min
Oct 31, 3:45 PM CDTTornado Warning Tornado observedHGXAustin, Waller15 min
Oct 31, 4:02 PM CDTTornado Warning Tornado observedHGXAustin, Fort Bend, Waller43 min
Oct 31, 4:03 PM CDTSevere Thunderstorm WarningSHVHoward, Sevier42 min
Oct 31, 4:15 PM CDTTornado WarningEWXBastrop, Lee30 min
Oct 31, 4:33 PM CDTTornado WarningSHVBowie, Cass, Morris42 min
Oct 31, 4:42 PM CDTTornado WarningEWXLee33 min
Oct 31, 4:43 PM CDTSevere Thunderstorm WarningSHVHoward, Sevier47 min
Oct 31, 4:43 PM CDTTornado WarningHGXFort Bend, Harris, Waller31 min
Oct 31, 4:50 PM CDTSevere Thunderstorm WarningHGXChambers, Harris, Liberty35 min
Oct 31, 4:52 PM CDTSevere Thunderstorm WarningHGXBurleson38 min
Oct 31, 4:59 PM CDTTornado WarningHGXBurleson26 min
Oct 31, 5:11 PM CDTTornado WarningSHVLittle River26 min
Oct 31, 6:04 PM CDTSevere Thunderstorm WarningHGXAustin, Brazos, Burleson, Washington41 min
Oct 31, 6:27 PM CDTTornado WarningLCHHardin, Jasper33 min
Oct 31, 6:45 PM CDTSevere Thunderstorm WarningSHVCherokee, Nacogdoches, Panola, Rusk, San Augustine, Shelby60 min
Oct 31, 6:52 PM CDTTornado WarningLCHJasper23 min
Oct 31, 7:02 PM CDTSevere Thunderstorm WarningSHVGregg, Harrison, Panola, Rusk58 min
Oct 31, 7:11 PM CDTTornado WarningLCHHardin49 min
Oct 31, 7:14 PM CDTTornado WarningLCHJasper, Newton14 min
Oct 31, 7:30 PM CDTSevere Thunderstorm WarningLCHHardin47 min
Oct 31, 7:38 PM CDTTornado WarningLCHJasper52 min
Oct 31, 7:43 PM CDTSevere Thunderstorm WarningSHVDe Soto, Sabine62 min
Oct 31, 7:56 PM CDTSevere Thunderstorm WarningSHVBossier, Caddo64 min
Oct 31, 8:10 PM CDTTornado WarningLCHJasper, Newton27 min
Oct 31, 8:15 PM CDTTornado WarningLCHJasper, Newton26 min
Oct 31, 8:36 PM CDTSevere Thunderstorm WarningSHVBienville, Bossier, Caddo, Claiborne, De Soto, Red River and 2 more54 min
Oct 31, 8:40 PM CDTSevere Thunderstorm WarningLCHNewton65 min
Oct 31, 8:43 PM CDTTornado WarningHGXHarris17 min
Oct 31, 8:55 PM CDTFlash Flood WarningLCHHardin3 hr
Oct 31, 9:29 PM CDTSevere Thunderstorm WarningHGXBrazoria, Galveston31 min
Oct 31, 10:16 PM CDTSevere Thunderstorm WarningHGXGalveston29 min
Oct 31, 10:44 PM CDTSevere Thunderstorm WarningHGXGalveston31 min
Oct 31, 11:29 PM CDTSevere Thunderstorm WarningLCHOrange61 min

Discussions around it

SPC mesoscale discussions over the same counties from four hours before the watch to its end.

The nearest sounding before it

Shreveport, LA (KBAD), launched 12:00Z, 8.0 hours before the alert went out and 88 km from the middle of its area. This is the routine balloon launch nearest before it, the air the forecaster had in hand, not a measurement taken for the alert.

Skew-T log-pSkew-T log-p diagram, Shreveport, LA at 12:00Z on 2018-10-31Temperature and dew point through the depth of the atmosphere, with the mixed-layer parcel. CAPE 273 joules per kilogram.LCLLFCEL10008507005003002001001 km2 km3 km6 km9 km12 km15 km-30°-20°-10°0°10°20°30°40°
Temperature in red, dew point in green, the mixed-layer parcel dashed.
HodographHodograph, Shreveport, LA at 12:00Z on 2018-10-31The wind through the lowest 10 kilometers. Zero to 1 km storm-relative helicity 187 square meters per square second.19395878Sfc1 km3 km6 km9 kmRMLM
The wind turning with height, colored by layer: ground to 1 km, 1 to 3 km, 3 to 6 km, 6 to 10 km.
Mixed-layer CAPE
273 J/kg
Mixed-layer CIN
-31 J/kg
Mixed-layer LCL
723 m above ground
0-6 km bulk shear
36 kt
0-1 km storm-relative helicity
187 m²/s²
0-3 km storm-relative helicity
155 m²/s²
Significant tornado parameter
0.1
Supercell composite
1.4

Open this sounding in Storm Lab

The text

As transmitted.

591 
WWUS20 KWNS 311959
SEL6  
SPC WW 311959
ARZ000-LAZ000-OKZ000-TXZ000-CWZ000-010300-

URGENT - IMMEDIATE BROADCAST REQUESTED
Tornado Watch Number 416
NWS Storm Prediction Center Norman OK
300 PM CDT Wed Oct 31 2018

The NWS Storm Prediction Center has issued a

* Tornado Watch for portions of 
  Southwestern Arkansas
  Northwestern Louisiana
  Extreme southeastern Oklahoma
  Much of east Texas
  Coastal Waters

* Effective this Wednesday afternoon and evening from 300 PM
  until 1000 PM CDT.

* Primary threats include...
  A few tornadoes likely
  Scattered damaging wind gusts to 70 mph likely
  Scattered large hail events to 1.5 inches in diameter possible

SUMMARY...Thunderstorms will increase in coverage/intensity through
the evening along a cold front across central and northeastern
Texas, while other storms will continue to form ahead of the front
across southeastern Texas.  The storm environment will become more
favorable for rotating storms through the evening, with an attendant
threat for a few tornadoes, damaging winds, and isolated large hail.

The tornado watch area is approximately along and 75 statute miles
east and west of a line from 35 miles north northeast of Texarkana
AR to 70 miles west southwest of Houston TX. For a complete
depiction of the watch see the associated watch outline update
(WOUS64 KWNS WOU6).

PRECAUTIONARY/PREPAREDNESS ACTIONS...

REMEMBER...A Tornado Watch means conditions are favorable for
tornadoes and severe thunderstorms in and close to the watch
area. Persons in these areas should be on the lookout for
threatening weather conditions and listen for later statements
and possible warnings.

&&

AVIATION...Tornadoes and a few severe thunderstorms with hail
surface and aloft to 1.5 inches. Extreme turbulence and surface wind
gusts to 60 knots. A few cumulonimbi with maximum tops to 500. Mean
storm motion vector 24030.

...Thompson

SPC that day

Everything else SPC issued on the same UTC day.

IssuedProductOfficeCountiesLasted
Oct 31, 3:55 PM CDTMesoscale DiscussionSPCArkansas, Bradley, Calhoun, Clark, Cleveland, Cross and 18 more95 min
Oct 31, 4:11 PM CDTTornado WatchSPCArkansas, Bradley, Calhoun, Clark, Cleveland, Dallas and 19 more8 hr
Oct 31, 6:14 PM CDTMesoscale DiscussionSPCColumbia, Hempstead, Lafayette, Little River, Miller, Nevada and 1 more61 min
Oct 31, 2:14 PM CDTMesoscale DiscussionSPCBeauregard, Calcasieu3 hr
Oct 31, 7:20 AM CDTMesoscale DiscussionSPCBosque, Brown, Burnet, Callahan, Coke, Coleman and 34 more2 hr
Oct 31, 1:36 PM CDTMesoscale DiscussionSPCBrewster, Culberson, El Paso, Hudspeth, Jeff Davis, Pecos and 4 more114 min
Oct 31, 5:32 PM CDTMesoscale DiscussionSPCAtascosa, Bandera, Bexar, Dimmit, Edwards, Frio and 13 more2 hr

Nearby

Tornado Watches in Texas, 2018Tornado Watches in Arkansas, 2018Tornado Watches in Louisiana, 2018Every tornado watch in 2018

Sources

The product and its follow-ups from the Iowa Environmental Mesonet's archive of National Weather Service and Storm Prediction Center text; the sounding from the Mesonet's radiosonde archive; radar from the NEXRAD Level II archive.