Alert archive / Iowa / Tornado Watches in 2018

Tornado Watch 368

September 4, 201832 counties in Iowa; 13 counties in Minnesota; 16 counties in Wisconsin

The Storm Prediction Center issued this tornado watch at Sep 4, 2018, 3:35 PM CDT for 32 counties in Iowa; 13 counties in Minnesota; 16 counties in Wisconsin. It was in force for 7 hr.

The area

The outline as issued.

The facts

Issued
Sep 4, 2018, 3:35 PM CDT (20:35 UTC)
Expired
Sep 4, 2018, 11:00 PM CDT
In force
7 hr
Issued by
the Storm Prediction Center
Largest hail expected
1.5 in
Strongest gust expected
60 kt
All 61 counties

Allamakee County, IA, Audubon County, IA, Boone County, IA, Bremer County, IA, Butler County, IA, Calhoun County, IA, Carroll County, IA, Cerro Gordo County, IA, Chickasaw County, IA, Dallas County, IA, Emmet County, IA, Floyd County, IA, Franklin County, IA, Greene County, IA, Grundy County, IA, Guthrie County, IA, Hamilton County, IA, Hancock County, IA, Hardin County, IA, Howard County, IA, Humboldt County, IA, Kossuth County, IA, Mitchell County, IA, Palo Alto County, IA, Pocahontas County, IA, Polk County, IA, Story County, IA, Webster County, IA, Winnebago County, IA, Winneshiek County, IA, Worth County, IA, Wright County, IA, Dodge County, MN, Faribault County, MN, Fillmore County, MN, Freeborn County, MN, Goodhue County, MN, Houston County, MN, Mower County, MN, Olmsted County, MN, Rice County, MN, Steele County, MN, Wabasha County, MN, Waseca County, MN, Winona County, MN, Buffalo County, WI, Chippewa County, WI, Clark County, WI, Dunn County, WI, Eau Claire County, WI, Jackson County, WI, La Crosse County, WI, Marathon County, WI, Monroe County, WI, Pepin County, WI, Pierce County, WI, Portage County, WI, Taylor County, WI, Trempealeau County, WI, Vernon County, WI, Wood County, WI

The radar

The La Crosse radar (KARX), 131 km from the middle of the area, began a volume at 20:36 UTC, the scan nearest the moment this went out.

Open the radar archive at this moment

The archived warnings, watches and discussions in force at that minute are drawn over the scan, this one among them.

What SPC expected

The probabilities SPC published with the watch, for the watch area over its life.

Two or more tornadoes
40%
One or more EF2 to EF5 tornadoes
20%
Ten or more severe wind reports
30%
One or more gusts of 65 knots or more
10%
Ten or more severe hail reports
5%
One or more hailstones of 2 inches or more
5%
Six or more combined severe hail and wind reports
50%

Warnings issued inside it

17 tornado, severe thunderstorm and flash flood warnings for its counties while it was in force.

IssuedProductOfficeCountiesLasted
Sep 4, 3:46 PM CDTTornado Warning Tornado observedDMXKossuth29 min
Sep 4, 4:45 PM CDTTornado WarningDMXHancock, Winnebago30 min
Sep 4, 4:47 PM CDTSevere Thunderstorm WarningARXOlmsted, Wabasha, Winona30 min
Sep 4, 5:09 PM CDTFlash Flood WarningDMXHancock, Kossuth, Winnebago6 hr
Sep 4, 5:20 PM CDTSevere Thunderstorm WarningGRBMarathon, Portage, Wood40 min
Sep 4, 5:55 PM CDTSevere Thunderstorm WarningMPXFreeborn65 min
Sep 4, 6:10 PM CDTTornado WarningMPXFreeborn35 min
Sep 4, 6:22 PM CDTFlash Flood WarningARXDodge, Mower, Olmsted, Wabasha3 hr
Sep 4, 6:35 PM CDTSevere Thunderstorm WarningGRBMarathon40 min
Sep 4, 7:13 PM CDTSevere Thunderstorm WarningGRBMarathon32 min
Sep 4, 7:51 PM CDTTornado WarningARXClark39 min
Sep 4, 7:55 PM CDTSevere Thunderstorm WarningARXHoward53 min
Sep 4, 8:15 PM CDTSevere Thunderstorm WarningGRBLanglade, Lincoln, Marathon45 min
Sep 4, 8:19 PM CDTFlash Flood WarningARXBuffalo, Trempealeau3 hr
Sep 4, 8:38 PM CDTSevere Thunderstorm WarningGRBLincoln, Marathon67 min
Sep 4, 9:14 PM CDTTornado WarningARXWinona20 min
Sep 4, 9:44 PM CDTFlash Flood WarningARXClark5 hr

Discussions around it

SPC mesoscale discussions over the same counties from four hours before the watch to its end.

The nearest sounding before it

Minneapolis, MN (KMPX), launched 12:00Z, 8.6 hours before the alert went out and 165 km from the middle of its area. This is the routine balloon launch nearest before it, the air the forecaster had in hand, not a measurement taken for the alert.

Skew-T log-pSkew-T log-p diagram, Minneapolis, MN at 12:00Z on 2018-09-04Temperature and dew point through the depth of the atmosphere, with the mixed-layer parcel. CAPE 106 joules per kilogram.LCLLFCEL10008507005003002001001 km2 km3 km6 km9 km12 km15 km-30°-20°-10°0°10°20°30°40°
Temperature in red, dew point in green, the mixed-layer parcel dashed.
HodographHodograph, Minneapolis, MN at 12:00Z on 2018-09-04The wind through the lowest 10 kilometers. Zero to 1 km storm-relative helicity 45 square meters per square second.19395878Sfc1 km3 km6 km9 kmRMLM
The wind turning with height, colored by layer: ground to 1 km, 1 to 3 km, 3 to 6 km, 6 to 10 km.
Mixed-layer CAPE
106 J/kg
Mixed-layer CIN
-31 J/kg
Mixed-layer LCL
667 m above ground
0-6 km bulk shear
38 kt
0-1 km storm-relative helicity
45 m²/s²
0-3 km storm-relative helicity
71 m²/s²
Significant tornado parameter
0.0
Supercell composite
0.2

Open this sounding in Storm Lab

The text

As transmitted.

551 
WWUS20 KWNS 042032
SEL8  
SPC WW 042032
IAZ000-MNZ000-WIZ000-050300-

URGENT - IMMEDIATE BROADCAST REQUESTED
Tornado Watch Number 368
NWS Storm Prediction Center Norman OK
335 PM CDT Tue Sep 4 2018

The NWS Storm Prediction Center has issued a

* Tornado Watch for portions of 
  Northern and central Iowa
  Southeast Minnesota
  Western and central Wisconsin

* Effective this Tuesday afternoon and evening from 335 PM until
  1000 PM CDT.

* Primary threats include...
  A couple tornadoes possible
  Isolated damaging wind gusts to 70 mph possible

SUMMARY...A gradual strengthening of low-level winds in conjunction
with a very moist air mass will support the possibility of
high-precipitation supercells as well as organized small-scale
bowing segments. A couple of tornadoes will be possible aside from
wind damage through the mid-evening hours.

The tornado watch area is approximately along and 60 statute miles
north and south of a line from 30 miles west southwest of Fort Dodge
IA to 60 miles north northeast of Camp Douglas WI. For a complete
depiction of the watch see the associated watch outline update
(WOUS64 KWNS WOU8).

PRECAUTIONARY/PREPAREDNESS ACTIONS...

REMEMBER...A Tornado Watch means conditions are favorable for
tornadoes and severe thunderstorms in and close to the watch
area. Persons in these areas should be on the lookout for
threatening weather conditions and listen for later statements
and possible warnings.

&&

AVIATION...Tornadoes and a few severe thunderstorms with hail
surface and aloft to 1.5 inches. Extreme turbulence and surface wind
gusts to 60 knots. A few cumulonimbi with maximum tops to 500. Mean
storm motion vector 22030.

...Guyer

SPC that day

Everything else SPC issued on the same UTC day.

IssuedProductOfficeCountiesLasted
Sep 4, 2:06 PM CDTMesoscale DiscussionSPCAudubon, Boone, Buena Vista, Calhoun, Carroll, Cerro Gordo and 22 more2 hr
Sep 4, 6:28 PM CDTMesoscale DiscussionSPCAllamakee, Boone, Bremer, Butler, Cerro Gordo, Chickasaw and 16 more2 hr

Nearby

Tornado Watches in Iowa, 2018Tornado Watches in Wisconsin, 2018Tornado Watches in Minnesota, 2018Every tornado watch in 2018

Sources

The product and its follow-ups from the Iowa Environmental Mesonet's archive of National Weather Service and Storm Prediction Center text; the sounding from the Mesonet's radiosonde archive; radar from the NEXRAD Level II archive.