Alert archive / New Jersey / Flash Flood Watches in 2018

Flash Flood Watch 10, NWS Philadelphia/Mount Holly

July 27, 20184 states

NWS Philadelphia/Mount Holly issued this flash flood watch at Jul 27, 2018, 9:50 AM EDT for 4 states. It took effect at Jul 27, 2018, 2:00 PM EDT. It was in force for 9 hr.

The area

The counties it named.

The facts

Issued
Jul 27, 2018, 9:50 AM EDT (13:50 UTC)
In effect from
Jul 27, 2018, 2:00 PM EDT
Expired
Jul 27, 2018, 11:00 PM EDT
In force
9 hr
Issued by
NWS Philadelphia/Mount Holly
Flood severity
None
All 30 counties

Kent County, DE, New Castle County, DE, Caroline County, MD, Cecil County, MD, Kent County, MD, Queen Anne's County, MD, Talbot County, MD, Burlington County, NJ, Camden County, NJ, Cumberland County, NJ, Gloucester County, NJ, Hunterdon County, NJ, Mercer County, NJ, Middlesex County, NJ, Monmouth County, NJ, Morris County, NJ, Salem County, NJ, Somerset County, NJ, Sussex County, NJ, Warren County, NJ, Berks County, PA, Bucks County, PA, Carbon County, PA, Chester County, PA, Delaware County, PA, Lehigh County, PA, Monroe County, PA, Montgomery County, PA, Northampton County, PA, Philadelphia County, PA

The radar

The Philadelphia radar (KDIX), 74 km from the middle of the area, began a volume at 13:51 UTC, the scan nearest the moment this went out.

Open the radar archive at this moment

The archived warnings, watches and discussions in force at that minute are drawn over the scan, this one among them.

The nearest sounding before it

Washington/Dulle, VA (KIAD), launched 12:00Z, 1.8 hours before the alert went out and 220 km from the middle of its area. This is the routine balloon launch nearest before it, the air the forecaster had in hand, not a measurement taken for the alert.

Skew-T log-pSkew-T log-p diagram, Washington/Dulle, VA at 12:00Z on 2018-07-27Temperature and dew point through the depth of the atmosphere, with the mixed-layer parcel. CAPE 958 joules per kilogram.LCLLFCEL10008507005003002001001 km2 km3 km6 km9 km12 km15 km-30°-20°-10°10°20°30°40°
Temperature in red, dew point in green, the mixed-layer parcel dashed.
HodographHodograph, Washington/Dulle, VA at 12:00Z on 2018-07-27The wind through the lowest 10 kilometers. Zero to 1 km storm-relative helicity 7 square meters per square second.19395878Sfc1 km3 km6 km9 kmRMLM
The wind turning with height, colored by layer: ground to 1 km, 1 to 3 km, 3 to 6 km, 6 to 10 km.
Mixed-layer CAPE
958 J/kg
Mixed-layer CIN
-54 J/kg
Mixed-layer LCL
1053 m above ground
0-6 km bulk shear
40 kt
0-1 km storm-relative helicity
7 m²/s²
0-3 km storm-relative helicity
34 m²/s²
Significant tornado parameter
0.0
Supercell composite
0.1

Open this sounding in Storm Lab

The text

As transmitted.

819 
WGUS61 KPHI 271350
FFAPHI

URGENT - IMMEDIATE BROADCAST REQUESTED
Flood Watch
National Weather Service Mount Holly NJ
950 AM EDT Fri Jul 27 2018



MDZ008-012-015-019-020-PAZ054-055-060>062-101>103-105-280300-
/O.NEW.KPHI.FF.A.0010.180727T1800Z-180728T0300Z/
/00000.0.ER.000000T0000Z.000000T0000Z.000000T0000Z.OO/
Cecil-Kent MD-Queen Annes-Talbot-Caroline-Carbon-Monroe-Berks-
Lehigh-Northampton-Western Chester-Eastern Chester-
Western Montgomery-Upper Bucks-
Including the cities of Elkton, Chestertown, Centreville, Easton,
Denton, Jim Thorpe, Stroudsburg, Reading, Allentown, Bethlehem, 
Honey Brook, Oxford, West Chester, Kennett Square, Collegeville, 
Pottstown, Chalfont, and Perkasie
950 AM EDT Fri Jul 27 2018

...FLASH FLOOD WATCH IN EFFECT FROM 2 PM EDT THIS AFTERNOON
THROUGH THIS EVENING...

The National Weather Service in Mount Holly has issued a

* Flash Flood Watch for portions of northeast Maryland and 
  Pennsylvania, including the following areas, in northeast 
  Maryland, Caroline, Cecil, Kent MD, Queen Annes, and Talbot. 
  In Pennsylvania, Berks, Carbon, Eastern Chester, Lehigh, 
  Monroe, Northampton, Upper Bucks, Western Chester, and Western 
  Montgomery. 

* From 2 PM EDT this afternoon through this evening

* Showers and thunderstorms are expected this afternoon and this
  evening across the region. Though not as much rain is expected
  as what we saw earlier this week, the ground is already
  saturated across the watch area, so any additional rainfall will
  quickly become runoff and could lead to flash flooding.

PRECAUTIONARY/PREPAREDNESS ACTIONS...

A Flash Flood Watch means that there is the potential for flash
flooding which can be life-threatening. Heavy rain is expected to
occur over a short period of time. Rapidly rising flood waters
may quickly inundate roadways and areas of poor drainage. Streams
and creeks could leave their banks, flooding nearby properties.

Please monitor the forecast, especially if you live in a location
that is prone to flooding. Be prepared to take action if a flash 
flood warning is issued for your area.

&&

$$

SFJ
3 follow-up statements
133 
WGUS61 KPHI 272146
FFAPHI

URGENT - IMMEDIATE BROADCAST REQUESTED
Flood Watch
National Weather Service Mount Holly NJ
546 PM EDT Fri Jul 27 2018

DEZ001-002-NJZ001-007>010-012-013-015>019-021-PAZ070-071-104-106-
280500-
/O.EXB.KPHI.FF.A.0010.000000T0000Z-180728T0500Z/
/00000.0.ER.000000T0000Z.000000T0000Z.000000T0000Z.OO/
New Castle-Kent-Sussex-Warren-Morris-Hunterdon-Somerset-Middlesex-
Western Monmouth-Mercer-Salem-Gloucester-Camden-
Northwestern Burlington-Cumberland-Delaware-Philadelphia-
Eastern Montgomery-Lower Bucks-
Including the cities of Wilmington, Dover, Newton, Washington, 
Morristown, Flemington, Somerville, New Brunswick, Freehold, 
Trenton, Pennsville, Glassboro, Camden, Cherry Hill, Moorestown, 
Mount Holly, Millville, Media, Philadelphia, Norristown, 
Lansdale, Morrisville, and Doylestown
546 PM EDT Fri Jul 27 2018

...FLASH FLOOD WATCH IN EFFECT UNTIL 1 AM EDT SATURDAY...

The National Weather Service in Mount Holly has expanded the

* Flash Flood Watch for portions of the Delaware Valley and
  Interstate-95 corridor in northern Delaware, southeastern 
  Pennsylvania, and New Jersey.

* Until 1 AM EDT Saturday.

* Numerous showers and thunderstorms this afternoon had already
  produced locally heavy rainfall and flash flooding in a few
  spots. Additional showers and thunderstorms moving in from the
  southwest this evening will prolong the risk for at least
  localized flash flooding into the midnight hour with rainfall
  rates of 2 inches per hour possible.

* Heavy rainfall within a short period of time can lead to rapidly
  rising water and flash flooding, particularly in urban areas,
  along small creeks and streams and in areas where the ground is
  already very saturated due to recent heavy rains.

PRECAUTIONARY/PREPAREDNESS ACTIONS...

A Flash Flood Watch means that there is the potential for flash
flooding which can be life-threatening. Heavy rain is expected to
occur over a short period of time. Rapidly rising flood waters
may quickly inundate roadways and areas of poor drainage. Streams
and creeks could leave their banks, flooding nearby properties.

Please monitor the forecast, especially if you live in a location
that is prone to flooding. Be prepared to take action if a flash
flood warning is issued for your area.

&&

$$

MDZ008-012-015-019-020-PAZ054-055-060>062-101>103-105-280300-
/O.CON.KPHI.FF.A.0010.000000T0000Z-180728T0300Z/
/00000.0.ER.000000T0000Z.000000T0000Z.000000T0000Z.OO/
Cecil-Kent MD-Queen Annes-Talbot-Caroline-Carbon-Monroe-Berks-
Lehigh-Northampton-Western Chester-Eastern Chester-
Western Montgomery-Upper Bucks-
Including the cities of Elkton, Chestertown, Centreville, Easton,
Denton, Jim Thorpe, Stroudsburg, Reading, Allentown, Bethlehem, 
Honey Brook, Oxford, West Chester, Kennett Square, Collegeville, 
Pottstown, Chalfont, and Perkasie
546 PM EDT Fri Jul 27 2018

...FLASH FLOOD WATCH REMAINS IN EFFECT UNTIL 11 PM EDT THIS
EVENING...

The Flash Flood Watch continues for

* Portions of northeast Maryland and eastern Pennsylvania. 

* Until 11 PM EDT this evening.

* Numerous showers and thunderstorms this afternoon had already
  produced locally heavy rainfall and flash flooding in Berks,
  Carbon and Monroe Counties in eastern Pennsylvania. Additional
  showers and thunderstorms moving in from the southwest this
  evening will prolong the risk for at least localized flash
  flooding through the late evening with rainfall rates of 2 
  inches per hour possible.

* Heavy rainfall within a short period of time can lead to rapidly
  rising water and flash flooding, particularly in urban areas,
  along small creeks and streams and in areas where the ground is
  already very saturated due to recent heavy rains.

PRECAUTIONARY/PREPAREDNESS ACTIONS...

A Flash Flood Watch means that there is the potential for flash
flooding which can be life-threatening. Heavy rain is expected to
occur over a short period of time. Rapidly rising flood waters
may quickly inundate roadways and areas of poor drainage. Streams
and creeks could leave their banks, flooding nearby properties.

Please monitor the forecast, especially if you live in a location
that is prone to flooding. Be prepared to take action if a flash
flood warning is issued for your area.

&&

$$
JRK
602 
WGUS61 KPHI 280103
FFAPHI

URGENT - IMMEDIATE BROADCAST REQUESTED
Flood Watch
National Weather Service Mount Holly NJ
903 PM EDT Fri Jul 27 2018

DEZ001-002-NJZ013-015>019-021-PAZ070-071-104-106-280215-
/O.CAN.KPHI.FF.A.0010.000000T0000Z-180728T0500Z/
/00000.0.ER.000000T0000Z.000000T0000Z.000000T0000Z.OO/
New Castle-Kent-Western Monmouth-Mercer-Salem-Gloucester-Camden-
Northwestern Burlington-Cumberland-Delaware-Philadelphia-
Eastern Montgomery-Lower Bucks-
Including the cities of Wilmington, Dover, Freehold, Trenton, 
Pennsville, Glassboro, Camden, Cherry Hill, Moorestown, 
Mount Holly, Millville, Media, Philadelphia, Norristown, 
Lansdale, Morrisville, and Doylestown
903 PM EDT Fri Jul 27 2018

...FLASH FLOOD WATCH IS CANCELLED...

The Flash Flood Watch for portions of Delaware, New Jersey, and
southeast Pennsylvania has been cancelled. The complex of heavy
showers and thunderstorms has moved north of the area this 
evening. The threat of heavy rainfall and additional flash 
flooding has diminished in its wake.

$$

MDZ008-012-015-019-020-PAZ060-101>103-105-280215-
/O.CAN.KPHI.FF.A.0010.000000T0000Z-180728T0300Z/
/00000.0.ER.000000T0000Z.000000T0000Z.000000T0000Z.OO/
Cecil-Kent MD-Queen Annes-Talbot-Caroline-Berks-Western Chester-
Eastern Chester-Western Montgomery-Upper Bucks-
Including the cities of Elkton, Chestertown, Centreville, Easton,
Denton, Reading, Honey Brook, Oxford, West Chester, 
Kennett Square, Collegeville, Pottstown, Chalfont, and Perkasie
903 PM EDT Fri Jul 27 2018

...FLASH FLOOD WATCH IS CANCELLED...

The Flash Flood Watch for portions of northeast Maryland and
Pennsylvania has been cancelled. The complex of heavy showers and
thunderstorms has moved north of the area this evening. The 
threat of heavy rainfall and additional flash flooding has 
diminished in its wake.

$$

NJZ001-007>010-012-280300-
/O.EXT.KPHI.FF.A.0010.000000T0000Z-180728T0300Z/
/00000.0.ER.000000T0000Z.000000T0000Z.000000T0000Z.OO/
Sussex-Warren-Morris-Hunterdon-Somerset-Middlesex-
Including the cities of Newton, Washington, Morristown, 
Flemington, Somerville, and New Brunswick
903 PM EDT Fri Jul 27 2018

...FLASH FLOOD WATCH NOW IN EFFECT UNTIL 11 PM EDT THIS EVENING...

The Flash Flood Watch is now in effect for

* Portions of northern New Jersey and northwest New Jersey, 
  including the following areas, in northern New Jersey, 
  Middlesex, Morris, Somerset, Sussex, and Warren. In northwest 
  New Jersey, Hunterdon. 

* Until 11 PM EDT this evening

* Locally heavier showers and thunderstorms embedded within a
  broader area of steady rain continues to move northward through
  northern New Jersey this evening although it has gradually
  weakened. While the risk for additional heavy rainfall will 
  also diminish into the late evening, it will not take much rain 
  to produce flooding since the ground is very saturated and many 
  smaller streams and creeks are already running near bankful.
 

PRECAUTIONARY/PREPAREDNESS ACTIONS...

A Flash Flood Watch means that there is the potential for flash
flooding which can be life-threatening. Heavy rain is expected to
occur over a short period of time. Rapidly rising flood waters
may quickly inundate roadways and areas of poor drainage. Streams
and creeks could leave their banks, flooding nearby properties.

Please monitor the forecast, especially if you live in a location
that is prone to flooding. Be prepared to take action if a flash
flood warning is issued for your area.

&&

$$

PAZ054-055-061-062-280300-
/O.CON.KPHI.FF.A.0010.000000T0000Z-180728T0300Z/
/00000.0.ER.000000T0000Z.000000T0000Z.000000T0000Z.OO/
Carbon-Monroe-Lehigh-Northampton-
Including the cities of Jim Thorpe, Stroudsburg, Allentown, 
Bethlehem, and Easton
903 PM EDT Fri Jul 27 2018

...FLASH FLOOD WATCH REMAINS IN EFFECT UNTIL 11 PM EDT THIS
EVENING...

The Flash Flood Watch continues for

* Portions of east central Pennsylvania and northeast 
  Pennsylvania, including the following areas, in east central 
  Pennsylvania, Lehigh and Northampton. In northeast 
  Pennsylvania, Carbon and Monroe. 

* Until 11 PM EDT this evening

* Locally heavier showers and thunderstorms embedded within a
  broader area of steady rain continues to move northward through
  the southern Poconos and Lehigh Valley this evening although it
  has gradually weakened. While the risk for additional heavy 
  rainfall will also diminish into the late evening, it will not 
  take much rain to produce flooding since the ground is very 
  saturated and many smaller streams and creeks are already 
  running near bankful.

PRECAUTIONARY/PREPAREDNESS ACTIONS...

A Flash Flood Watch means that there is the potential for flash
flooding which can be life-threatening. Heavy rain is expected to
occur over a short period of time. Rapidly rising flood waters
may quickly inundate roadways and areas of poor drainage. Streams
and creeks could leave their banks, flooding nearby properties.

Please monitor the forecast, especially if you live in a location
that is prone to flooding. Be prepared to take action if a flash
flood warning is issued for your area.

&&

$$
JRK
619 
WGUS61 KPHI 280249
FFAPHI

Flood Watch
National Weather Service Mount Holly NJ
1049 PM EDT Fri Jul 27 2018


PAZ054-055-061-062-280400-
/O.EXP.KPHI.FF.A.0010.000000T0000Z-180728T0300Z/
/00000.0.ER.000000T0000Z.000000T0000Z.000000T0000Z.OO/
Carbon-Monroe-Lehigh-Northampton-
Including the cities of Jim Thorpe, Stroudsburg, Allentown, 
Bethlehem, and Easton
1049 PM EDT Fri Jul 27 2018

...FLASH FLOOD WATCH WILL EXPIRE AT 11 PM EDT THIS EVENING...

The Flash Flood Watch for portions of east central Pennsylvania
and northeast Pennsylvania will expire at 11 PM EDT this evening.

The heavy rain has ended across the area and the threat for flash
flooding has diminished. However, there may still be a few 
isolated showers or thunderstorms overnight.

$$

NJZ001-007>010-012-280400-
/O.EXP.KPHI.FF.A.0010.000000T0000Z-180728T0300Z/
/00000.0.ER.000000T0000Z.000000T0000Z.000000T0000Z.OO/
Sussex-Warren-Morris-Hunterdon-Somerset-Middlesex-
Including the cities of Newton, Washington, Morristown, 
Flemington, Somerville, and New Brunswick
1049 PM EDT Fri Jul 27 2018

...FLASH FLOOD WATCH WILL EXPIRE AT 11 PM EDT THIS EVENING...

The Flash Flood Watch for portions of northern New Jersey and
northwest New Jersey will expire at 11 PM EDT this evening. 

The heavy rain has ended across the area and the threat for flash
flooding has diminished. However, there may still be a few 
isolated showers or thunderstorms overnight.

$$

The office that day

Everything else NWS Philadelphia/Mount Holly issued on the same UTC day.

IssuedProductOfficeCountiesLasted
Jul 27, 12:17 PM EDTAreal Flood AdvisoryPHICarbon, Monroe2 hr
Jul 27, 12:35 PM EDTFlash Flood WarningPHIMonroe63 min
Jul 27, 1:02 PM EDTAreal Flood AdvisoryPHIBerks3 hr
Jul 27, 1:08 PM EDTSpecial Weather StatementPHIBucks, Montgomery37 min
Jul 27, 1:19 PM EDTAreal Flood AdvisoryPHIBucks, Montgomery4 hr
Jul 27, 1:42 PM EDTSpecial Weather StatementPHIMontgomery48 min
Jul 27, 3:11 PM EDTSevere Thunderstorm WarningPHIBerks, Lehigh49 min
Jul 27, 3:47 PM EDTAreal Flood AdvisoryPHIBerks, Lehigh4 hr
Jul 27, 3:54 PM EDTFlash Flood WarningPHIBerks4 hr
Jul 27, 4:27 PM EDTSpecial Weather StatementPHIPhiladelphia33 min
Jul 27, 4:33 PM EDTSpecial Weather StatementPHICarbon, Monroe27 min
Jul 27, 4:43 PM EDTAreal Flood AdvisoryPHIBucks, Montgomery, Philadelphia5 hr
Jul 27, 4:44 PM EDTAreal Flood AdvisoryPHICarbon, Monroe7 hr
Jul 27, 5:00 PM EDTFlash Flood WarningPHIMonroe3 hr
Jul 27, 5:13 PM EDTSpecial Weather StatementPHIMonroe47 min
Jul 27, 5:27 PM EDTAreal Flood AdvisoryPHIBerks, Carbon, Lehigh, Northampton4 hr
Jul 27, 5:43 PM EDTSpecial Weather StatementPHILehigh47 min
Jul 27, 6:03 PM EDTSevere Thunderstorm WarningPHIChester42 min
Jul 27, 6:06 PM EDTAreal Flood AdvisoryPHIBerks, Chester3 hr
Jul 27, 6:36 PM EDTSpecial Weather StatementPHIBerks39 min
Jul 27, 6:40 PM EDTSevere Thunderstorm WarningPHIBerks50 min
Jul 27, 7:03 PM EDTFlash Flood WarningPHIBerks3 hr
Jul 27, 7:09 PM EDTSevere Thunderstorm WarningPHIChester51 min
Jul 27, 7:37 PM EDTAreal Flood AdvisoryPHIBerks, Bucks, Chester, Delaware, Lehigh, Montgomery116 min
Jul 27, 7:46 PM EDTSpecial Weather StatementPHIMontgomery44 min
Jul 27, 7:49 PM EDTAreal Flood WarningPHIBerks4 hr
Jul 27, 7:49 PM EDTSpecial Weather StatementPHIBerks41 min
Jul 27, 7:53 PM EDTAreal Flood AdvisoryPHIBerks, Lehigh, Montgomery110 min
Jul 27, 7:55 PM EDTAreal Flood AdvisoryPHIBucks, Lehigh, Montgomery, Northampton108 min
Jul 27, 5:08 PM EDTAreal Flood AdvisoryPHICaroline, Queen Anne's4 hr
Jul 27, 5:44 PM EDTAreal Flood AdvisoryPHICecil, Kent, Queen Anne's3 hr
Jul 27, 9:29 AM EDTSpecial Weather StatementPHISalem61 min
Jul 27, 10:08 AM EDTSpecial Weather StatementPHICumberland67 min
Jul 27, 10:34 AM EDTRip Current StatementPHIAtlantic, Cape May, Monmouth, Ocean10 hr
Jul 27, 11:11 AM EDTSpecial Weather StatementPHIAtlantic64 min
Jul 27, 12:10 PM EDTSpecial Weather StatementPHIAtlantic65 min
Jul 27, 12:24 PM EDTAreal Flood AdvisoryPHICape May114 min
Jul 27, 1:15 PM EDTSpecial Weather StatementPHISalem45 min
Jul 27, 1:23 PM EDTSpecial Weather StatementPHIMorris52 min
Jul 27, 1:31 PM EDTSpecial Marine WarningPHI59 min
Jul 27, 1:38 PM EDTAreal Flood AdvisoryPHIHunterdon, Morris, Somerset4 hr
Jul 27, 2:04 PM EDTSevere Thunderstorm WarningPHIMorris, Somerset41 min
Jul 27, 2:14 PM EDTSevere Thunderstorm WarningPHICumberland, Salem46 min
Jul 27, 2:19 PM EDTSpecial Marine WarningPHI56 min
Jul 27, 2:22 PM EDTSpecial Marine WarningPHI53 min
Jul 27, 2:26 PM EDTAreal Flood AdvisoryPHICumberland, Salem6 hr
Jul 27, 2:40 PM EDTSpecial Marine WarningPHI65 min
Jul 27, 2:59 PM EDTSevere Thunderstorm WarningPHICumberland, Salem46 min
Jul 27, 3:09 PM EDTAreal Flood AdvisoryPHICumberland, Salem6 hr
Jul 27, 3:14 PM EDTSpecial Marine WarningPHI61 min
Jul 27, 3:45 PM EDTSpecial Weather StatementPHICumberland30 min
Jul 27, 4:12 PM EDTSpecial Marine WarningPHI63 min
Jul 27, 4:18 PM EDTSevere Thunderstorm WarningPHIAtlantic, Cape May, Cumberland, Gloucester, Salem42 min
Jul 27, 4:19 PM EDTFlash Flood WarningPHICumberland4 hr
Jul 27, 4:25 PM EDTAreal Flood AdvisoryPHIMiddlesex, Somerset7 hr
Jul 27, 4:32 PM EDTSevere Thunderstorm WarningPHIMiddlesex, Somerset43 min
Jul 27, 4:54 PM EDTFlash Flood WarningPHIMiddlesex4 hr
Jul 27, 5:03 PM EDTAreal Flood AdvisoryPHIAtlantic, Burlington, Cumberland4 hr
Jul 27, 5:23 PM EDTSpecial Marine WarningPHI67 min
Jul 27, 5:46 PM EDTAreal Flood AdvisoryPHIAtlantic, Burlington, Cape May, Cumberland, Ocean4 hr
Jul 27, 6:10 PM EDTAreal Flood AdvisoryPHIMercer, Middlesex, Monmouth, Somerset4 hr
Jul 27, 7:14 PM EDTSpecial Marine WarningPHI61 min
Jul 27, 7:15 PM EDTAreal Flood AdvisoryPHIHunterdon, Morris, Somerset, Sussex, Warren4 hr
Jul 27, 7:51 PM EDTSpecial Weather StatementPHIAtlantic39 min
Jul 27, 8:37 AM EDTSpecial Weather StatementPHINew Castle23 min
Jul 27, 2:15 PM EDTAreal Flood AdvisoryPHISussex6 hr
Jul 27, 4:19 PM EDTSpecial Weather StatementPHISussex41 min
Jul 27, 5:03 PM EDTSpecial Weather StatementPHIKent27 min
Jul 27, 5:09 PM EDTAreal Flood AdvisoryPHISussex3 hr
Jul 27, 6:53 PM EDTSpecial Weather StatementPHINew Castle52 min

Nearby

Flash Flood Watches in New Jersey, 2018Flash Flood Watches in Pennsylvania, 2018Flash Flood Watches in Maryland, 2018Every flash flood watch in 2018

Sources

The product and its follow-ups from the Iowa Environmental Mesonet's archive of National Weather Service and Storm Prediction Center text; the sounding from the Mesonet's radiosonde archive; radar from the NEXRAD Level II archive.