Alert archive / South Carolina / Severe Thunderstorm Warnings in 2017
Severe Thunderstorm Warning 240, NWS Greenville-Spartanburg, SC
NWS Greenville-Spartanburg, SC issued this severe thunderstorm warning at Jul 23, 2017, 4:06 PM EDT for Anderson County, Oconee County, Pickens County, South Carolina. It was in force for 39 min. No storm report in the archive falls inside the area while it was in force.
The area
The outline as issued.
The facts
- Issued
- Jul 23, 2017, 4:06 PM EDT (20:06 UTC)
- Expired
- Jul 23, 2017, 4:45 PM EDT
- In force
- 39 min
- Issued by
- NWS Greenville-Spartanburg, SC
- Area
- Storm-based polygon
- Hail
- 0.75 in
- Wind
- 60.0 mph
Counties Anderson County, SC, Oconee County, SC, Pickens County, SC
The radar
The Greer radar (KGSP), 57 km from the middle of the area, began a volume at 20:08 UTC, the scan nearest the moment this went out.
Open the radar archive at this moment
The archived warnings, watches and discussions in force at that minute are drawn over the scan, this one among them.
Did it verify
Not verified. The Iowa Environmental Mesonet's Cow found no qualifying storm report inside this severe thunderstorm warning while it was in force. That is not proof nothing happened: reports are thin where few people live.
Cow counts a report within 15 km of the polygon while the warning was in force: a tornado for a tornado warning; hail of 1 inch or more, a gust of 58 mph or more or wind damage for a severe thunderstorm warning; a flash flood report for a flash flood warning.
The nearest sounding before it
Peachtre/Fal Fld, GA (KFFC), launched 12:00Z, 8.1 hours before the alert went out and 214 km from the middle of its area. This is the routine balloon launch nearest before it, the air the forecaster had in hand, not a measurement taken for the alert.
- Mixed-layer CAPE
- 1381 J/kg
- Mixed-layer CIN
- -29 J/kg
- Mixed-layer LCL
- 815 m above ground
- 0-6 km bulk shear
- 15 kt
- 0-1 km storm-relative helicity
- -26 m²/s²
- 0-3 km storm-relative helicity
- 15 m²/s²
- Significant tornado parameter
- 0.0
- Supercell composite
- 0.0
The text
As transmitted.
956 WUUS52 KGSP 232006 SVRGSP SCC007-073-077-232045- /O.NEW.KGSP.SV.W.0240.170723T2006Z-170723T2045Z/ BULLETIN - IMMEDIATE BROADCAST REQUESTED Severe Thunderstorm Warning National Weather Service Greenville-Spartanburg SC 406 PM EDT SUN JUL 23 2017 The National Weather Service in Greenville-Spartanburg has issued a * Severe Thunderstorm Warning for... Northern Anderson County in Upstate South Carolina... Southwestern Pickens County in Upstate South Carolina... East central Oconee County in Upstate South Carolina... * Until 445 PM EDT * At 406 PM EDT, a severe thunderstorm was located near Clemson, moving southeast at 20 mph. HAZARD...60 mph wind gusts and penny size hail. SOURCE...Radar indicated. IMPACT...Expect damage to trees and power lines. * Locations impacted include... Anderson, Clemson, Seneca, Homeland Park, Central, Northlake, Pendleton, Norris, Sandy Springs and Six Mile. PRECAUTIONARY/PREPAREDNESS ACTIONS... Scattered trees and power lines will be blown down in the warned area. Seek shelter inside an interior room. This storm is producing frequent and intense lightning. Turn off electrical appliances. Do not use corded telephones. Do not take a bath or shower. Lake Keowee is in the path of this storm. Get away from the water and seek shelter in an interior room in the nearest shelter. If you can hear thunder, you are close enough to be struck by lightning. Please report damaging winds, hail, or flooding to the National Weather Service Greenville-Spartanburg by calling toll free, 1, 800, 2 6 7, 8 1 0 1, or by posting on our Facebook page, or Tweet it using hashtag nwsgsp. Your message should describe the event and the specific location where it occurred. && LAT...LON 3470 8298 3483 8288 3467 8247 3444 8264 TIME...MOT...LOC 2006Z 301DEG 17KT 3472 8285 HAIL...0.75IN WIND...60MPH $$ 08
2 follow-up statements
529
WWUS52 KGSP 232017
SVSGSP
Severe Weather Statement
National Weather Service Greenville-Spartanburg SC
417 PM EDT SUN JUL 23 2017
SCC073-232025-
/O.CAN.KGSP.SV.W.0240.000000T0000Z-170723T2045Z/
Oconee SC-
417 PM EDT SUN JUL 23 2017
...THE SEVERE THUNDERSTORM WARNING FOR EAST CENTRAL OCONEE COUNTY IS
CANCELLED...
The severe thunderstorm which prompted the warning has moved out of
the warned area. Therefore, the warning has been cancelled.
LAT...LON 3464 8283 3465 8283 3465 8284 3467 8285
3470 8285 3470 8286 3472 8285 3473 8286
3474 8289 3480 8284 3467 8247 3444 8264
TIME...MOT...LOC 2015Z 301DEG 17KT 3470 8280
$$
SCC007-077-232045-
/O.CON.KGSP.SV.W.0240.000000T0000Z-170723T2045Z/
Anderson SC-Pickens SC-
417 PM EDT SUN JUL 23 2017
...A SEVERE THUNDERSTORM WARNING REMAINS IN EFFECT UNTIL 445 PM EDT
FOR NORTHEASTERN ANDERSON AND SOUTHWESTERN PICKENS COUNTIES...
At 415 PM EDT, a severe thunderstorm was located near Clemson, moving
southeast at 20 mph.
HAZARD...60 mph wind gusts and penny size hail.
SOURCE...Radar indicated.
IMPACT...Expect damage to trees and power lines.
Locations impacted include...
Anderson, Clemson, Central, Northlake, Pendleton, Norris, Sandy
Springs, Homeland Park and Lake Hartwell.
PRECAUTIONARY/PREPAREDNESS ACTIONS...
Scattered trees and power lines will be blown down in the warned
area. Seek shelter inside an interior room.
This storm is producing frequent and intense lightning. Turn off
electrical appliances. Do not use corded telephones. Do not take a
bath or shower.
Lake Keowee is in the path of this storm. Get away from the water
and seek shelter in an interior room in the nearest shelter. If you
can hear thunder, you are close enough to be struck by lightning.
Please report damaging winds, hail, or flooding to the National
Weather Service Greenville-Spartanburg by calling toll free, 1, 800,
2 6 7, 8 1 0 1, or by posting on our Facebook page, or Tweet it using
hashtag nwsgsp. Your message should describe the event and the
specific location where it occurred.
&&
LAT...LON 3464 8283 3465 8283 3465 8284 3467 8285
3470 8285 3470 8286 3472 8285 3473 8286
3474 8289 3480 8284 3467 8247 3444 8264
TIME...MOT...LOC 2015Z 301DEG 17KT 3470 8280
HAIL...0.75IN
WIND...60MPH
$$
KRENTZ728
WWUS52 KGSP 232035
SVSGSP
Severe Weather Statement
National Weather Service Greenville-Spartanburg SC
435 PM EDT SUN JUL 23 2017
SCC007-077-232045-
/O.EXP.KGSP.SV.W.0240.000000T0000Z-170723T2045Z/
Anderson SC-Pickens SC-
435 PM EDT SUN JUL 23 2017
...THE SEVERE THUNDERSTORM WARNING FOR NORTHEASTERN ANDERSON AND
SOUTHWESTERN PICKENS COUNTIES WILL EXPIRE AT 445 PM EDT...
The storm which prompted the warning has weakened below severe
limits, and no longer poses an immediate threat to life or property.
Therefore the warning will be allowed to expire.
If you observed large hail or wind damage, please report it to the
National Weather Service Greenville-Spartanburg by calling toll free,
1, 800, 2 6 7, 8 1 0 1, or by posting on our Facebook page, or Tweet
it using hashtag nwsgsp. Your message should describe the event and
the specific location where it occurred.
LAT...LON 3464 8283 3465 8283 3465 8284 3467 8285
3470 8285 3470 8286 3472 8285 3473 8286
3474 8289 3480 8284 3467 8247 3444 8264
TIME...MOT...LOC 2035Z 301DEG 17KT 3466 8272
$$
08What forecasters said that day
The local office's own words before this severe thunderstorm warning went out, as it sent them, from the Iowa Environmental Mesonet's archive of National Weather Service text.
NWS Greenville-Spartanburg, SC wrote its last area forecast discussion before this severe thunderstorm warning went out at Jul 23, 2:38 PM EDT, 1 hour 28 minutes earlier.
Area forecast discussion, Jul 23, 2:38 PM EDT, 1 hour 28 minutes before
Area Forecast Discussion
National Weather Service Greenville-Spartanburg SC
238 PM EDT Sun Jul 23 2017
.SYNOPSIS...
A cold front will become stationary from west to east across our
region through the middle of the week then dissipate. This should
result in a little cooler temperature and better chances for rain
over the next few days.
&&
.NEAR TERM /THROUGH MONDAY/...
As of 235 PM EDT Sunday: Convection will move off the Blue Ridge and
SE across the foothills and piedmont of the Carolinas and NE GA
through early evening. Some of these storms will be severe with
damaging downbursts the main threat but isolated large hail cannot
be ruled out. The NC Southern Piedmont and eastern Upstate look to
have the best chance of seeing severe storms given the movement of
the current broken line of severe storms. That said, there is plenty
of instability and DCAPE over NE GA and the western Upstate, so
those areas are vulnerable as well.
Convection diminishes this evening as the line moves SE of the area.
However, there will be more MCS convection moving into the NC
mountains overnight. The latest CAM guidance shows this convection
diminishing as it moves into the foothills and dissipating before
reaching the piedmont. Have followed these trends in the PoP
forecast. Mountain valley fog, some dense, is expected again and
locations outside of the mountains that receive rainfall may see
some as well. Lows will again be above normal but not quite as warm
as last night.
Convection redevelops Monday as outflow boundaries from the
overnight MCS move across the area. Coverage will be better along
and south of the I-85 corridor where the timing of the boundary
movement will coincide with the higher instability. North of the
corridor instability will be much less leading to only isolated
coverage at best. DCAPE and sfc delta theta-E values while still on
the high side, will not be as high as Sunday. Instability will reach
moderate levels but just barely. Therefore, the chance of severe
storms will be less but not non-existent. Highs will be in the lower
90s outside of the mountain, and while still humid, heat index
values should remain below 100.
&&
.SHORT TERM /MONDAY NIGHT THROUGH WEDNESDAY/...
As of 200 PM Sunday: A weak and nearly stationary cold front
will remain over central GA and SC Monday night into Tuesday,
immediately south of the CWFA. Aloft, we will remain somewhat
under the influence of the northeast CONUS trough, though
without significant embedded vorticity in play early in the
period. More abundant moisture will be present over the south,
near the front, which could increase cloud cover. But otherwise it
appears conditions will be close to climatology, with seasonably
modest instability and weak shear producing a small pulse severe
threat. Partial thicknesses change little from Monday, so max
temps should be similar.
Tuesday night, high pressure will shift into New England in the
wake of the upper trough. A weak upper low is shown to cut off
and remain over the Carolina coast, and allows enough vorticity
to persist over the area that isolated t-storms still could fire
overnight across mainly the Piedmont. The eastward push of the high
will bring cooler air south into the area, which virtually all
guidance indicates will knock max temps down to a couple degrees
below normal, in conjunction with increased cloud cover. Nonetheless
consensus SBCAPE values remain fairly large given still-elevated
sfc dewpoints and good lapse rates afforded by the upper low. PoPs
peak above climo and pulse threats return once again.
&&
.LONG TERM /WEDNESDAY NIGHT THROUGH SUNDAY/...
As of 145 PM Sunday: The medium range begins Wednesday evening with
a weak closed off 500mb low over the Carolinas and Georgia. As the
next northern stream shortwave crosses the Great Lakes on Thursday,
it kicks this weak low off to the east with the 500mb trough digging
over the East through the weekend. As the Great Lakes shortwave
moves to far eastern Canada, the associated cold front moves slowly
southeast. This front should be nearing the Ohio River early Friday.
As the front approaches from the north, frontal associated
convection will increase first across areas along and north of I-40
Friday afternoon and then spread across much of the rest of the area
Friday evening. The front becomes stationary west to east across our
region through the weekend. The eventual location of the axis of the
trough next weekend varies among the models. This axis location will
have significant influence on our weather. Also, mesoscale
convective systems are expected to develop near the Rockies or
northern Plains states and track southeast in the northwest 500mb
flow toward our region of the nation. Therefore, our weather will
remain unsettled through the weekend. Temperatures will be near
normal.
&&
.AVIATION /19Z SUNDAY THROUGH FRIDAY/...
At KCLT and elsewhere: Line of convection developing across the NC
mountains and becoming strong to severe. Have gone pessimistic with
the TAFs in response and indicate VRB winds and TSRA in a TEMPO.
Storms could linger a while in the evening outside of the mountains
so have VFR VCTS in place. Guidance not very favorable for
restrictions outside of the mountain valleys overnight, so have
limited them to KAVL. That said, they will be possible as most
locations will receive rainfall. Scattered convection expected
Monday for all but KHKY. SW wind today becomes light overnight, then
W to SW for Monday.
Outlook: Increasing chances of convection expected through the
middle of next week ahead of a series of weakening cold fronts.
Overnight restrictions will continue in the mountain valleys with
chance increasing elsewhere.
Confidence Table...
18-24Z 00-06Z 06-12Z 12-18Z
KCLT High 100% High 100% High 100% High 100%
KGSP High 100% High 100% High 100% High 100%
KAVL High 100% High 100% High 92% High 96%
KHKY High 100% High 100% High 100% High 100%
KGMU High 100% High 100% High 100% High 100%
KAND High 100% High 100% High 100% High 100%
The percentage reflects the number of guidance members agreeing
with the scheduled TAF issuance flight rule category. Complete hourly
experimental aviation forecast consistency tables and ensemble forecasts
are available at the following link:
www.weather.gov/gsp/aviation
&&
.GSP WATCHES/WARNINGS/ADVISORIES...
GA...None.
NC...None.
SC...None.
&&
SYNOPSIS...DEO
NEAR TERM...RWH
SHORT TERM...Wimberley
LONG TERM...DEO
AVIATION...RWHHazardous weather outlook, Jul 23, 5:57 AM EDT, 10 hours 9 minutes before
Hazardous Weather Outlook...CORRECTED National Weather Service Greenville-Spartanburg SC 557 AM EDT Sun Jul 23 2017 GAZ010-017-018-026-028-029-NCZ033-035>037-048>053-056>059-062>065- 068>072-082-501>510-SCZ001>014-019-241000- Rabun-Habersham-Stephens-Franklin-Hart-Elbert-Avery-Alexander- Iredell-Davie-Madison-Yancey-Mitchell-Swain-Haywood-Buncombe-Catawba- Rowan-Graham-Northern Jackson-Macon-Southern Jackson-Transylvania- Henderson-Cleveland-Lincoln-Gaston-Mecklenburg-Cabarrus-Union- Caldwell Mountains-Greater Caldwell-Burke Mountains-Greater Burke- McDowell Mountains-Eastern McDowell-Rutherford Mountains- Greater Rutherford-Polk Mountains-Eastern Polk-Oconee Mountains- Pickens Mountains-Greenville Mountains-Greater Oconee- Greater Pickens-Greater Greenville-Spartanburg-Cherokee-York- Anderson-Abbeville-Laurens-Chester-Greenwood- 557 AM EDT Sun Jul 23 2017 This Hazardous Weather Outlook is for northeast Georgia, piedmont North Carolina, western North Carolina and upstate South Carolina. .DAY ONE...Today and Tonight. Scattered to numerous thunderstorms are expected to develop across the area this afternoon into early evening. The air mass in place is expected to become moderately to highly unstable. Therefore, many of the storms may become severe, capable of producing damaging wind gusts and large hail. This is in addition to the usual threat of cloud- to-ground lightning and locally heavy rainfall. While most of the activity will diminish after sunset, additional thunderstorms may move into western North Carolina from Tennessee and Virginia overnight, bringing a second round of thunderstorms producing lightning and gusty winds. .DAYS TWO THROUGH SEVEN...Monday through Saturday. ..Monday...No hazardous weather is expected at this time. ..Tuesday...No hazardous weather is expected at this time. ..Wednesday...No hazardous weather is expected at this time. ..Thursday...No hazardous weather is expected at this time. ..Friday...No hazardous weather is expected at this time. ..Saturday...No hazardous weather is expected at this time. .SPOTTER INFORMATION STATEMENT... None. ARK
In the hours before
Special weather statement, Jul 23, 3:06 PM EDT, 1 hour before
Special Weather Statement
National Weather Service Greenville-Spartanburg SC
306 PM EDT SUN JUL 23 2017
SCZ014-231930-
Chester SC-
306 PM EDT SUN JUL 23 2017
...A STRONG THUNDERSTORM WILL IMPACT EASTERN CHESTER COUNTY UNTIL 330
PM EDT...
At 306 PM EDT, Doppler radar was tracking a strong thunderstorm 7
miles southeast of Chester, or 6 miles northeast of Blackstock,
moving southeast at 40 mph.
Locations to be impacted include...
Chester, Great Falls, Richburg, Blackstock, Fishing Creek Reservoir,
Chester State Park and Cornwell.
Wind gusts up to 45 mph and dime size hail will be possible in these
areas.
LAT...LON 3454 8088 3455 8097 3456 8119 3463 8128
3479 8109 3466 8089 3463 8090 3462 8089
3460 8089 3458 8088 3455 8087
TIME...MOT...LOC 1906Z 309DEG 36KT 3464 8111
KRENTZLocal storm report, Jul 23, 3:07 PM EDT, 59 minutes before
PRELIMINARY LOCAL STORM REPORT
NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE GREENVILLE-SPARTANBURG SC
307 PM EDT SUN JUL 23 2017
..TIME... ...EVENT... ...CITY LOCATION... ...LAT.LON...
..DATE... ....MAG.... ..COUNTY LOCATION..ST.. ...SOURCE....
..REMARKS..
0250 PM HAIL ELLENBORO 35.33N 81.76W
07/23/2017 E1.00 INCH RUTHERFORD NC PUBLIC
QUARTER SIZED HAIL.
&&
OUTLAWLocal storm report, Jul 23, 3:16 PM EDT, 50 minutes before
PRELIMINARY LOCAL STORM REPORT
NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE GREENVILLE-SPARTANBURG SC
316 PM EDT SUN JUL 23 2017
..TIME... ...EVENT... ...CITY LOCATION... ...LAT.LON...
..DATE... ....MAG.... ..COUNTY LOCATION..ST.. ...SOURCE....
..REMARKS..
0144 PM TSTM WND DMG 2 E FLETCHER 35.43N 82.47W
07/23/2017 HENDERSON NC FIRE DEPT/RESCUE
HOOPERS CREEK AREA HAS AT LEAST TWO TREES DOWN.
&&
OUTLAWSpecial weather statement, Jul 23, 3:42 PM EDT, 24 minutes before
Special Weather Statement
National Weather Service Greenville-Spartanburg SC
342 PM EDT SUN JUL 23 2017
SCZ007>009-013-014-232015-
York SC-Cherokee SC-Union SC-Chester SC-Spartanburg SC-
342 PM EDT SUN JUL 23 2017
...A CLUSTER OF THUNDERSTORMS WILL IMPACT WESTERN CHESTER...YORK...
SOUTHEASTERN SPARTANBURG...EASTERN CHEROKEE AND UNION COUNTIES UNTIL
415 PM EDT...
At 342 PM EDT, Doppler radar indicated a cluster of thunderstorms
along a line extending from 8 miles south of Rock Hill to 11 miles
west of Union, and moving southeast at 25 mph.
Locations to be impacted include...
Rock Hill, Union, York, Chester, Fort Mill, Tega Cay, Clover,
Newport, Lesslie and Monarch Mill.
Wind gusts up to 50 mph and dime size hail will be possible in these
areas.
PRECAUTIONARY/PREPAREDNESS ACTIONS...
Gusty winds can blow down trees that are dead, or that have weakened
root systems. Outdoor furniture and similar items can be tossed
around if not anchored. Seek shelter indoors.
These storms may intensify, so be certain to monitor local radio and
tv stations, as well as local cable tv outlets for additional
information and possible warnings from the National Weather Service.
&&
LAT...LON 3455 8166 3455 8171 3467 8193 3515 8148
3510 8105 3506 8106 3504 8104 3509 8097
3508 8091 3501 8091 3494 8086 3487 8088
3476 8111 3457 8137 3457 8142 3452 8142
3446 8153
TIME...MOT...LOC 1942Z 308DEG 28KT 3482 8101 3467 8181
KRENTZLocal storm report, Jul 23, 3:46 PM EDT, 20 minutes before
PRELIMINARY LOCAL STORM REPORT
NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE GREENVILLE-SPARTANBURG SC
346 PM EDT SUN JUL 23 2017
..TIME... ...EVENT... ...CITY LOCATION... ...LAT.LON...
..DATE... ....MAG.... ..COUNTY LOCATION..ST.. ...SOURCE....
..REMARKS..
0226 PM TSTM WND DMG 3 ENE LAKE LURE 35.46N 82.16W
07/23/2017 RUTHERFORD NC 911 CALL CENTER
NUMEROUS TREES AND POWERLINES DOWN FROM LAKE LURE TO
SHINGLE HOLLOW.
0238 PM TSTM WND DMG RUTHERFORDTON 35.36N 81.96W
07/23/2017 RUTHERFORD NC 911 CALL CENTER
A TREE ON A HOUSE.
&&
OUTLAWSpecial weather statement, Jul 23, 3:50 PM EDT, 16 minutes before
Special Weather Statement National Weather Service Greenville-Spartanburg SC 350 PM EDT SUN JUL 23 2017 NCZ082-232015- Union NC- 350 PM EDT SUN JUL 23 2017 ...A STRONG THUNDERSTORM WILL IMPACT SOUTHEASTERN UNION COUNTY UNTIL 415 PM EDT... At 350 PM EDT, Doppler radar was tracking a strong thunderstorm 11 miles east of Monroe, or near Marshville, moving east at 15 mph. Locations to be impacted include... Marshville and Sturdivants. Wind gusts up to 50 mph and dime size hail will be possible in these areas. LAT...LON 3484 8032 3486 8046 3509 8039 3507 8029 TIME...MOT...LOC 1950Z 291DEG 12KT 3498 8035 KRENTZ
The office that day
Everything else NWS Greenville-Spartanburg, SC issued on the same UTC day.
| Issued | Product | Office | Counties | Lasted |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Jul 23, 2:46 PM EDT | Severe Thunderstorm Warning | GSP | Cherokee | 44 min |
| Jul 23, 3:03 PM EDT | Special Weather Statement | GSP | Pickens | 42 min |
| Jul 23, 3:06 PM EDT | Special Weather Statement | GSP | Chester | 24 min |
| Jul 23, 3:18 PM EDT | Severe Thunderstorm Warning | GSP | Oconee, Pickens | 42 min |
| Jul 23, 3:20 PM EDT | Severe Thunderstorm Warning | GSP | Chester | 40 min |
| Jul 23, 3:42 PM EDT | Special Weather Statement | GSP | Union, York | 33 min |
| Jul 23, 3:58 PM EDT | Severe Thunderstorm Warning | GSP | Spartanburg, Union | 47 min |
| Jul 23, 4:20 PM EDT | Severe Thunderstorm Warning | GSP | Chester, Union, York | 40 min |
| Jul 23, 4:29 PM EDT | Areal Flood Advisory | GSP | York | 2 hr |
| Jul 23, 4:38 PM EDT | Severe Thunderstorm Warning | GSP | Union | 33 min |
| Jul 23, 4:46 PM EDT | Areal Flood Advisory | GSP | Chester | 119 min |
| Jul 23, 5:12 PM EDT | Severe Thunderstorm Warning | GSP | Laurens | 33 min |
| Jul 23, 5:32 PM EDT | Special Weather Statement | GSP | Laurens | 43 min |
| Jul 23, 6:06 PM EDT | Special Weather Statement | GSP | Greenwood | 24 min |
| Jul 23, 6:36 PM EDT | Special Weather Statement | GSP | Greenwood | 24 min |
| Jul 23, 7:01 PM EDT | Special Weather Statement | GSP | Abbeville | 29 min |
| Jul 23, 7:04 PM EDT | Special Weather Statement | GSP | Greenwood | 26 min |
Nearby
Severe Thunderstorm Warnings in South Carolina, 2017Every severe thunderstorm warning in 2017
Sources
The product and its follow-ups from the Iowa Environmental Mesonet's archive of National Weather Service and Storm Prediction Center text; the sounding from the Mesonet's radiosonde archive; radar from the NEXRAD Level II archive.