Alert archive / South Dakota / Severe Thunderstorm Warnings in 2016

Severe Thunderstorm Warning 91, NWS Rapid City, SD

June 28, 20164 counties in South Dakota

NWS Rapid City, SD issued this severe thunderstorm warning at Jun 28, 2016, 4:01 PM MDT for 4 counties in South Dakota. It was in force for 44 min. No storm report in the archive falls inside the area while it was in force.

The area

The counties it named.

The facts

Issued
Jun 28, 2016, 4:01 PM MDT (22:01 UTC)
Expired
Jun 28, 2016, 4:45 PM MDT
In force
44 min
Issued by
NWS Rapid City, SD
Area
Storm-based polygon
Hail
0.75 in
Wind
60.0 mph

Counties Custer County, SD, Lawrence County, SD, Meade County, SD, Pennington County, SD

The radar

The Rapid City radar (KUDX), 29 km from the middle of the area, began a volume at 22:03 UTC, the scan nearest the moment this went out.

Open the radar archive at this moment

The archived warnings, watches and discussions in force at that minute are drawn over the scan, this one among them.

The watch it was issued in

The SPC watch in force over the same counties when this warning went out.

IssuedProductOfficeLasted
Jun 28, 1:37 PM MDTSevere Thunderstorm WatchSPC7 hr

The nearest sounding before it

Rapid City, SD (KRAP), launched 12:00Z, 10.0 hours before the alert went out and 27 km from the middle of its area. This is the routine balloon launch nearest before it, the air the forecaster had in hand, not a measurement taken for the alert.

Skew-T log-pSkew-T log-p diagram, Rapid City, SD at 12:00Z on 2016-06-28Temperature and dew point through the depth of the atmosphere, with the mixed-layer parcel. CAPE 306 joules per kilogram.LCLLFCEL10008507005003002001001 km2 km3 km6 km9 km12 km15 km-30°-20°-10°0°10°20°30°40°
Temperature in red, dew point in green, the mixed-layer parcel dashed.
HodographHodograph, Rapid City, SD at 12:00Z on 2016-06-28The wind through the lowest 10 kilometers. Zero to 1 km storm-relative helicity 56 square meters per square second.193958Sfc1 km3 km6 km9 kmRMLM
The wind turning with height, colored by layer: ground to 1 km, 1 to 3 km, 3 to 6 km, 6 to 10 km.
Mixed-layer CAPE
306 J/kg
Mixed-layer CIN
-199 J/kg
Mixed-layer LCL
1761 m above ground
0-6 km bulk shear
31 kt
0-1 km storm-relative helicity
56 m²/s²
0-3 km storm-relative helicity
81 m²/s²
Significant tornado parameter
0.0
Supercell composite
0.2

Open this sounding in Storm Lab

What forecasters said that day

The local office's own words before this severe thunderstorm warning went out, as it sent them, from the Iowa Environmental Mesonet's archive of National Weather Service text.

NWS Rapid City, SD wrote its last area forecast discussion before this severe thunderstorm warning went out at Jun 28, 2:55 PM MDT, 1 hour 6 minutes earlier.

Area forecast discussion, Jun 28, 2:55 PM MDT, 1 hour 6 minutes before
Area Forecast Discussion For Western SD and Northeastern WY
National Weather Service Rapid City SD
255 PM MDT TUE JUN 28 2016

.SHORT TERM...(This Evening Through Wednesday Night)
Issued at 255 PM MDT Tue Jun 28 2016

Current surface analysis shows low pressure over northeast WY,
with frontal boundary extending south across eastern WY and the
lee of the CO Rockies. Upper level analysis shows high pressure
centered over eastern UT, with ridge extending north across the
Northern Rockies. Weak shortwave noted on water vapor imagery
crossing southeast MT and eastern WY, moving southeast through our
area late this afternoon and evening. Instability is rather strong
to the east of the boundary, with cape values of 2000 to 3000 j/kg
currently from far northeast WY to southwest SD. A few storms
developed over the Black Hills around midday, but struggled to
move off the hills with strong cap in place. Cap is eroding now
across the plains and more robust storms are developing across
northeast WY ahead of the shortwave. Temps are in the 80s to
around 90 degrees with southeasterly winds at most locations,
especially to the east of the boundary.

Active weather is expected across a good portion of the cwa over the
next few hours, especially from northeast WY through southwest SD.
Strong to severe storms can be expected with large hail and strong
wind gusts the main threats. An isolated tornado cannot totally be
ruled out, but the threat looks to be rather low with low level
shear on the weaker side. The stronger storms should shift toward
southern portions of northeast WY and southwest SD by early evening,
with most of the stronger activity moving south-southeast out of the
cwa by mid evening. Isolated showers and storms will likely linger
across the area overnight, especially across southern SD. Lows
will be in the mid 50s to lower 60s.

Wednesday will see more showers and thunderstorms across the area,
mainly during the afternoon and evening hours, as another shortwave
rotates across the area. At this point, the threat for severe storms
looks to shift a bit further south, but will still cover most of the
Black Hills area and much of the southwest SD plains. Hail and wind
will be the main threats again. Temps will be a bit cooler, with
highs mostly in the 80s across the plains, 70s in the Black Hills.
Activity should become more isolated again overnight, with lows in
the mid 50s to lower 60s.

.LONG TERM...(Thursday Through Tuesday)
Issued at 255 PM MDT Tue Jun 28 2016

Progressive westerly to northwesterly upper level flow will
continue through the extended period with relatively moist
southeasterly upslope flow at the lower levels. As a series of
disturbances push through the area, the persistent flow of low/mid
level moisture will aid in the development of diurnal convection
nearly every day. Most days the coverage will be limited, with
only isolated to scattered thunderstorms. Deep layer shear aloft
will support the threat of severe storms; however, the lack of
strong upper level forcing will keep the coverage of severe storms
limited. Temperatures will remain slightly warmer than average,
with highs mainly in the 80s through the weekend leading into a
more significant warm-up early next week.

&&

.AVIATION...(For the 18Z TAFS Through 18Z Wednesday)
Issued At 255 PM MDT Tue Jun 28 2016

Scattered to numerous thunderstorms this afternoon and evening.
Some thunderstorms may be severe this afternoon and early evening,
with large hail and damaging wind gusts. VFR conditions will
prevail through the period except for local MVFR conditions near
any thunderstorms.

&&

.UNR Watches/Warnings/Advisories...
SD...None.
WY...None.
&&

SHORT TERM...26
LONG TERM...MLS
AVIATION...MLS
Hazardous weather outlook, Jun 28, 4:00 AM MDT, 12 hours 1 minute before
HAZARDOUS WEATHER OUTLOOK
NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE RAPID CITY SD
400 AM MDT TUE JUN 28 2016

SDZ002-014-032-046-049-291000-
PERKINS-ZIEBACH-HAAKON-MELLETTE-TRIPP-
400 AM MDT TUE JUN 28 2016 /500 AM CDT TUE JUN 28 2016/

THIS HAZARDOUS WEATHER OUTLOOK IS FOR PORTIONS OF NORTHWESTERN
SOUTH DAKOTA...SOUTH CENTRAL SOUTH DAKOTA...AND SOUTHWESTERN
SOUTH DAKOTA.

.DAY ONE...TODAY AND TONIGHT

THUNDERSTORMS ARE EXPECTED THIS AFTERNOON AND OVERNIGHT. THERE IS
A MARGINAL RISK OF STORMS BECOMING SEVERE...WITH LARGE HAIL AND
DAMAGING WINDS POSSIBLE.

.DAYS TWO THROUGH SEVEN...WEDNESDAY THROUGH MONDAY

CHANCES FOR THUNDERSTORMS WILL CONTINUE THROUGH THE WEEK...AND
ISOLATED SEVERE STORMS WILL BE POSSIBLE. ON WEDNESDAY THERE IS A
MARGINAL TO SLIGHT RISK OF SEVERE WEATHER FOR CENTRAL INTO SOUTH
CENTRAL SOUTH DAKOTA.

.SPOTTER INFORMATION STATEMENT...

SPOTTER ACTIVATION WILL NOT BE NEEDED TODAY.

&&

STAY TUNED TO NOAA WEATHER RADIO FOR FURTHER DETAILS OR UPDATES...
OR CHECK OUR WEB SITE AT WEATHER.GOV/RAPIDCITY

SDZ001-012-013-024>031-041>044-047-072>074-WYZ054>058-071-291000-
HARDING-BUTTE-NORTHERN MEADE CO PLAINS-NORTHERN BLACK HILLS-
NORTHERN FOOT HILLS-RAPID CITY-SOUTHERN FOOT HILLS-
CENTRAL BLACK HILLS-SOUTHERN BLACK HILLS-CUSTER CO PLAINS-
PENNINGTON CO PLAINS-FALL RIVER-OGLALA LAKOTA-JACKSON-BENNETT-
TODD-STURGIS/PIEDMONT FOOT HILLS-SOUTHERN MEADE CO PLAINS-
HERMOSA FOOT HILLS-NORTHERN CAMPBELL-SOUTHERN CAMPBELL-
WESTERN CROOK-WYOMING BLACK HILLS-WESTON-NORTHEASTERN CROOK-
400 AM MDT TUE JUN 28 2016 /500 AM CDT TUE JUN 28 2016/

THIS HAZARDOUS WEATHER OUTLOOK IS FOR PORTIONS OF NORTHWESTERN
SOUTH DAKOTA...SOUTH CENTRAL SOUTH DAKOTA...SOUTHWESTERN SOUTH
DAKOTA...THE BLACK HILLS OF SOUTH DAKOTA...AND NORTHEAST WYOMING.

.DAY ONE...TODAY AND TONIGHT

THUNDERSTORMS ARE EXPECTED THIS AFTERNOON AND OVERNIGHT. THERE IS
A SLIGHT RISK OF STORMS BECOMING SEVERE...WITH LARGE HAIL AND
DAMAGING WINDS.

.DAYS TWO THROUGH SEVEN...WEDNESDAY THROUGH MONDAY

CHANCES FOR THUNDERSTORMS WILL CONTINUE THROUGH THE WEEK...AND
ISOLATED SEVERE STORMS WILL BE POSSIBLE. ON WEDNESDAY THERE IS A
MARGINAL TO SLIGHT RISK OF SEVERE WEATHER FOR PORTIONS OF WESTERN
SOUTH DAKOTA AND NORTHEASTERN WYOMING.

.SPOTTER INFORMATION STATEMENT...

SPOTTER ACTIVATION WILL NOT BE NEEDED TODAY.

&&

STAY TUNED TO NOAA WEATHER RADIO FOR FURTHER DETAILS OR UPDATES...
OR CHECK OUR WEB SITE AT WEATHER.GOV/RAPIDCITY

In the hours before

Local storm report, Jun 28, 2:52 PM MDT, 1 hour 9 minutes before
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Special weather statement, Jun 28, 3:18 PM MDT, 43 minutes before
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Local storm report, Jun 28, 3:23 PM MDT, 38 minutes before
PRELIMINARY LOCAL STORM REPORT
NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE RAPID CITY SD
323 PM MDT TUE JUN 28 2016

..TIME...   ...EVENT...      ...CITY LOCATION...     ...LAT.LON...
..DATE...   ....MAG....      ..COUNTY LOCATION..ST.. ...SOURCE....
            ..REMARKS..

0318 PM     HAIL             8 WSW HILL CITY         43.90N 103.72W
06/28/2016  E1.00 INCH       PENNINGTON         SD   TRAINED SPOTTER

&&

MCKEMY
Local storm report, Jun 28, 3:24 PM MDT, 37 minutes before
PRELIMINARY LOCAL STORM REPORT
NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE RAPID CITY SD
324 PM MDT TUE JUN 28 2016

..TIME...   ...EVENT...      ...CITY LOCATION...     ...LAT.LON...
..DATE...   ....MAG....      ..COUNTY LOCATION..ST.. ...SOURCE....
            ..REMARKS..

0253 PM     HAIL             8 S UPTON               43.99N 104.63W
06/28/2016  M1.00 INCH       WESTON             WY   PUBLIC

&&

KCLARK
Special weather statement, Jun 28, 3:28 PM MDT, 33 minutes before
SPECIAL WEATHER STATEMENT
NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE RAPID CITY SD
328 PM MDT TUE JUN 28 2016

SDZ073-282200-
SOUTHERN MEADE CO PLAINS SD-
328 PM MDT TUE JUN 28 2016

...STRONG THUNDERSTORM OVER SOUTH CENTRAL MEADE COUNTY...

AT 327 PM MDT...DOPPLER RADAR WAS TRACKING A STRONG THUNDERSTORM 9
MILES SOUTHWEST OF ELM SPRINGS...OR 30 MILES EAST OF RAPID CITY...
MOVING EAST AT 20 MPH.

DIME SIZE HAIL AND WIND GUSTS UP TO 50 MPH WILL BE POSSIBLE WITH THIS
STORM.

THIS STORM WILL REMAIN OVER MAINLY RURAL AREAS OF SOUTH CENTRAL MEADE
COUNTY...NORTHEAST OF NEW UNDERWOOD.

A SEVERE THUNDERSTORM WATCH REMAINS IN EFFECT UNTIL 900 PM MDT FOR
WEST CENTRAL SOUTH DAKOTA.

LAT...LON 4421 10292 4435 10282 4429 10237 4427 10237
      4414 10257 4414 10262
TIME...MOT...LOC 2127Z 287DEG 16KT 4423 10268

JC
Local storm report, Jun 28, 3:58 PM MDT, 3 minutes before
PRELIMINARY LOCAL STORM REPORT
NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE RAPID CITY SD
358 PM MDT TUE JUN 28 2016

..TIME...   ...EVENT...      ...CITY LOCATION...     ...LAT.LON...
..DATE...   ....MAG....      ..COUNTY LOCATION..ST.. ...SOURCE....
            ..REMARKS..

0352 PM     HAIL             3 WSW DOWNTOWN CUSTER   43.75N 103.66W
06/28/2016  E1.75 INCH       CUSTER             SD   PUBLIC

            AT BEAVER LAKE CAMPGROUND

&&

MCKEMY

The office that day

Everything else NWS Rapid City, SD issued on the same UTC day.

IssuedProductOfficeCountiesLasted
Jun 27, 6:16 PM MDTSpecial Weather StatementUNRFall River44 min
Jun 27, 6:20 PM MDTSevere Thunderstorm WarningUNRFall River55 min
Jun 27, 6:46 PM MDTSpecial Weather StatementUNRPennington29 min
Jun 27, 7:11 PM MDTSpecial Weather StatementUNRFall River19 min
Jun 27, 7:21 PM MDTSpecial Weather StatementUNRFall River24 min
Jun 27, 7:45 PM MDTSpecial Weather StatementUNRCuster45 min
Jun 28, 4:29 AM MDTSpecial Weather StatementUNROglala Lakota31 min
Jun 28, 4:55 AM MDTSevere Thunderstorm WarningUNROglala Lakota37 min
Jun 28, 12:08 PM MDTSpecial Weather StatementUNRCuster37 min
Jun 28, 1:41 PM MDTSpecial Weather StatementUNRCuster34 min
Jun 28, 2:32 PM MDTSpecial Weather StatementUNRLawrence28 min
Jun 28, 2:55 PM MDTSevere Thunderstorm WarningUNRCuster, Pennington65 min
Jun 28, 3:18 PM MDTSpecial Weather StatementUNR27 min
Jun 28, 3:28 PM MDTSpecial Weather StatementUNRPennington32 min
Jun 28, 3:39 PM MDTSevere Thunderstorm WarningUNRCuster, Fall River55 min
Jun 28, 3:44 PM MDTSevere Thunderstorm WarningUNRMeade, Pennington61 min
Jun 28, 4:07 PM MDTSevere Thunderstorm WarningUNRPennington24 min
Jun 28, 4:13 PM MDTSevere Thunderstorm WarningUNRFall River77 min
Jun 28, 4:21 PM MDTSevere Thunderstorm WarningUNRHaakon, Pennington54 min
Jun 28, 4:35 PM MDTSevere Thunderstorm WarningUNROglala Lakota, Pennington40 min
Jun 28, 4:47 PM MDTSpecial Weather StatementUNRMeade43 min
Jun 28, 4:54 PM MDTSevere Thunderstorm WarningUNRHaakon, Meade, Pennington66 min
Jun 28, 4:59 PM MDTSevere Thunderstorm WarningUNRHaakon76 min
Jun 28, 5:11 PM MDTSevere Thunderstorm WarningUNROglala Lakota37 min
Jun 28, 1:24 PM MDTSevere Thunderstorm WarningUNRCampbell66 min
Jun 28, 2:05 PM MDTSevere Thunderstorm WarningUNRWeston55 min
Jun 28, 2:14 PM MDTSpecial Weather StatementUNRCrook46 min
Jun 28, 2:53 PM MDTSevere Thunderstorm WarningUNRWeston67 min
Jun 28, 3:35 PM MDTSevere Thunderstorm WarningUNRWeston31 min

Nearby

Severe Thunderstorm Warnings in South Dakota, 2016Every severe thunderstorm warning in 2016

Sources

The product and its follow-ups from the Iowa Environmental Mesonet's archive of National Weather Service and Storm Prediction Center text; the sounding from the Mesonet's radiosonde archive; radar from the NEXRAD Level II archive.