Alert archive / Illinois / Tornado Watches in 2015

Tornado Watch 561

December 23, 201530 counties in Illinois; 18 counties in Iowa; 21 counties in Missouri

The Storm Prediction Center issued this tornado watch at Dec 23, 2015, 1:55 PM CST for 30 counties in Illinois; 18 counties in Iowa; 21 counties in Missouri. It was in force for 4 hr.

The area

The outline as issued.

The facts

Issued
Dec 23, 2015, 1:55 PM CST (19:55 UTC)
Expired
Dec 23, 2015, 5:58 PM CST
In force
4 hr
Issued by
the Storm Prediction Center
Largest hail expected
2 in
Strongest gust expected
60 kt
All 69 counties

Appanoose County, IA, Cedar County, IA, Clinton County, IA, Davis County, IA, Des Moines County, IA, Henry County, IA, Jefferson County, IA, Johnson County, IA, Keokuk County, IA, Lee County, IA, Louisa County, IA, Mahaska County, IA, Monroe County, IA, Muscatine County, IA, Scott County, IA, Van Buren County, IA, Wapello County, IA, Washington County, IA, Adams County, IL, Brown County, IL, Bureau County, IL, Calhoun County, IL, Cass County, IL, Fulton County, IL, Greene County, IL, Hancock County, IL, Henderson County, IL, Henry County, IL, Jersey County, IL, Knox County, IL, Macoupin County, IL, Madison County, IL, Marshall County, IL, Mason County, IL, McDonough County, IL, Mercer County, IL, Monroe County, IL, Morgan County, IL, Peoria County, IL, Pike County, IL, Putnam County, IL, Rock Island County, IL, Saint Clair County, IL, Schuyler County, IL, Scott County, IL, Stark County, IL, Warren County, IL, Whiteside County, IL, Audrain County, MO, Callaway County, MO, City of Saint Louis, MO, Clark County, MO, Franklin County, MO, Gasconade County, MO, Jefferson County, MO, Knox County, MO, Lewis County, MO, Lincoln County, MO, Marion County, MO, Monroe County, MO, Montgomery County, MO, Osage County, MO, Pike County, MO, Ralls County, MO, Saint Charles County, MO, Saint Louis County, MO, Scotland County, MO, Shelby County, MO, Warren County, MO

The radar

The Quad Cities radar (KDVN), 139 km from the middle of the area, began a volume at 19:57 UTC, the scan nearest the moment this went out.

Open the radar archive at this moment

The archived warnings, watches and discussions in force at that minute are drawn over the scan, this one among them.

What SPC expected

The probabilities SPC published with the watch, for the watch area over its life.

Two or more tornadoes
50%
One or more EF2 to EF5 tornadoes
20%
Ten or more severe wind reports
30%
One or more gusts of 65 knots or more
10%
Ten or more severe hail reports
40%
One or more hailstones of 2 inches or more
30%
Six or more combined severe hail and wind reports
60%

Warnings issued inside it

17 tornado, severe thunderstorm and flash flood warnings for its counties while it was in force.

IssuedProductOfficeCountiesLasted
Dec 23, 2:46 PM CSTSevere Thunderstorm WarningLSXMarion, Monroe, Ralls44 min
Dec 23, 2:53 PM CSTSevere Thunderstorm WarningDVNHancock52 min
Dec 23, 3:09 PM CSTSevere Thunderstorm WarningLSXAdams51 min
Dec 23, 3:13 PM CSTSevere Thunderstorm WarningLSXPike16 min
Dec 23, 3:25 PM CSTSevere Thunderstorm WarningDVNHenry, Jefferson, Washington35 min
Dec 23, 3:35 PM CSTSevere Thunderstorm WarningDVNHancock, Henderson40 min
Dec 23, 3:40 PM CSTSevere Thunderstorm WarningLSXCalhoun, Pike50 min
Dec 23, 3:44 PM CSTSevere Thunderstorm WarningILXSchuyler46 min
Dec 23, 3:45 PM CSTSevere Thunderstorm WarningLSXPike45 min
Dec 23, 3:51 PM CSTTornado WarningLSXPike24 min
Dec 23, 3:52 PM CSTSevere Thunderstorm WarningLSXAdams, Brown38 min
Dec 23, 4:11 PM CSTTornado WarningLSXPike13 min
Dec 23, 4:16 PM CSTTornado WarningILXCass, Morgan, Scott29 min
Dec 23, 4:19 PM CSTTornado Warning Tornado observedDVNMcDonough, Warren26 min
Dec 23, 4:28 PM CSTSevere Thunderstorm WarningILXFulton, Schuyler31 min
Dec 23, 4:45 PM CSTTornado WarningDVNRock Island30 min
Dec 23, 5:08 PM CSTTornado WarningILXKnox20 min

Discussions around it

SPC mesoscale discussions over the same counties from four hours before the watch to its end.

The nearest sounding before it

Davenport, (KDVN), launched 12:00Z, 7.9 hours before the alert went out and 142 km from the middle of its area. This is the routine balloon launch nearest before it, the air the forecaster had in hand, not a measurement taken for the alert.

Skew-T log-pSkew-T log-p diagram, Davenport, at 12:00Z on 2015-12-23Temperature and dew point through the depth of the atmosphere, with the mixed-layer parcel. CAPE 0 joules per kilogram.LCL10008507005003002001001 km2 km3 km6 km9 km12 km15 km-30°-20°-10°0°10°20°30°40°
Temperature in red, dew point in green, the mixed-layer parcel dashed.
HodographHodograph, Davenport, at 12:00Z on 2015-12-23The wind through the lowest 10 kilometers. Zero to 1 km storm-relative helicity -11 square meters per square second.1939587897117Sfc1 km3 km6 km9 kmRMLM
The wind turning with height, colored by layer: ground to 1 km, 1 to 3 km, 3 to 6 km, 6 to 10 km.
Mixed-layer CAPE
0 J/kg
Mixed-layer CIN
No buoyant parcel
Mixed-layer LCL
1366 m above ground
0-6 km bulk shear
74 kt
0-1 km storm-relative helicity
-11 m²/s²
0-3 km storm-relative helicity
229 m²/s²
Significant tornado parameter
0.0
Supercell composite
0.0

Open this sounding in Storm Lab

The text

As transmitted, in the capitals the NWS used until 2016.

896 
WWUS20 KWNS 231953
SEL1  
SPC WW 231953
IAZ000-ILZ000-MOZ000-240200-

URGENT - IMMEDIATE BROADCAST REQUESTED
TORNADO WATCH NUMBER 561
NWS STORM PREDICTION CENTER NORMAN OK
155 PM CST WED DEC 23 2015

THE NWS STORM PREDICTION CENTER HAS ISSUED A

* TORNADO WATCH FOR PORTIONS OF 
  SOUTHEAST IOWA
  WESTERN ILLINOIS
  NORTHEAST MISSOURI

* EFFECTIVE THIS WEDNESDAY AFTERNOON AND EVENING FROM 155 PM
  UNTIL 800 PM CST.

* PRIMARY THREATS INCLUDE...
  A FEW TORNADOES POSSIBLE
  SCATTERED LARGE HAIL AND ISOLATED VERY LARGE HAIL EVENTS TO 2
    INCHES IN DIAMETER POSSIBLE
  ISOLATED DAMAGING WIND GUSTS TO 70 MPH POSSIBLE

SUMMARY...ISOLATED TO SCATTERED STORMS SHOULD FORM FROM THE
MISSOURI/IOWA BORDER AREA SOUTH INTO EAST-CENTRAL MISSOURI.
ENVIRONMENT WILL FAVOR A FEW SUPERCELLS EVOLVING NORTHEAST WITH ALL
HAZARDS POSSIBLE.

THE TORNADO WATCH AREA IS APPROXIMATELY ALONG AND 65 STATUTE
MILES EAST AND WEST OF A LINE FROM 45 MILES NORTHWEST OF MOLINE
ILLINOIS TO 40 MILES SOUTHWEST OF SAINT LOUIS MISSOURI.  FOR A
COMPLETE DEPICTION OF THE WATCH SEE THE ASSOCIATED WATCH OUTLINE
UPDATE (WOUS64 KWNS WOU1).

PRECAUTIONARY/PREPAREDNESS ACTIONS...

REMEMBER...A TORNADO WATCH MEANS CONDITIONS ARE FAVORABLE FOR
TORNADOES AND SEVERE THUNDERSTORMS IN AND CLOSE TO THE WATCH
AREA. PERSONS IN THESE AREAS SHOULD BE ON THE LOOKOUT FOR
THREATENING WEATHER CONDITIONS AND LISTEN FOR LATER STATEMENTS
AND POSSIBLE WARNINGS.

&&

OTHER WATCH INFORMATION...CONTINUE...WW 558...WW 559...WW 560...

AVIATION...TORNADOES AND A FEW SEVERE THUNDERSTORMS WITH HAIL
SURFACE AND ALOFT TO 2 INCHES. EXTREME TURBULENCE AND SURFACE
WIND GUSTS TO 60 KNOTS. A FEW CUMULONIMBI WITH MAXIMUM TOPS TO
400. MEAN STORM MOTION VECTOR 21040.


...GRAMS

SPC that day

Everything else SPC issued on the same UTC day.

IssuedProductOfficeCountiesLasted
Dec 23, 6:13 AM CSTMesoscale DiscussionSPCAlexander, Bond, Clinton, Franklin, Gallatin, Hamilton and 17 more2 hr
Dec 23, 9:05 AM CSTMesoscale DiscussionSPCAlexander, Clay, Edwards, Franklin, Gallatin, Hamilton and 20 more85 min
Dec 23, 9:13 AM CSTTornado WatchSPCAlexander, Bond, Champaign, Christian, Clark, Clay and 38 more8 hr
Dec 23, 9:41 AM CSTMesoscale DiscussionSPCCook, DuPage, Ford, Grundy, Iroquois, Kane and 5 more2 hr
Dec 23, 10:29 AM CSTMesoscale DiscussionSPCAlexander, Edwards, Franklin, Gallatin, Hamilton, Hardin and 15 more91 min
Dec 23, 12:06 PM CSTMesoscale DiscussionSPCClay, Crawford, Edwards, Gallatin, Hamilton, Hardin and 7 more84 min
Dec 23, 12:42 PM CSTMesoscale DiscussionSPCAdams, Brown, Bureau, Calhoun, Cass, Fulton and 25 more2 hr
Dec 23, 3:24 PM CSTMesoscale DiscussionSPCAdams, Brown, Bureau, Calhoun, Cass, Fulton and 26 more96 min
Dec 23, 2:49 PM CSTMesoscale DiscussionSPCPemiscot86 min

Nearby

Tornado Watches in Illinois, 2015Tornado Watches in Missouri, 2015Tornado Watches in Iowa, 2015Every tornado watch in 2015

Sources

The product and its follow-ups from the Iowa Environmental Mesonet's archive of National Weather Service and Storm Prediction Center text; the sounding from the Mesonet's radiosonde archive; radar from the NEXRAD Level II archive.