Alert archive / South Dakota / Tornado Watches in 2015

Tornado Watch 452

July 25, 201539 counties in South Dakota

The Storm Prediction Center issued this tornado watch at Jul 25, 2015, 4:03 PM CDT for 39 counties in South Dakota. It was in force for 7 hr.

The area

The outline as issued.

The facts

Issued
Jul 25, 2015, 4:03 PM CDT (21:03 UTC)
Expired
Jul 25, 2015, 11:00 PM CDT
In force
7 hr
Issued by
the Storm Prediction Center
Largest hail expected
3 in
Strongest gust expected
60 kt
All 39 counties

Aurora County, SD, Beadle County, SD, Brookings County, SD, Brown County, SD, Brule County, SD, Buffalo County, SD, Campbell County, SD, Clark County, SD, Codington County, SD, Corson County, SD, Davison County, SD, Day County, SD, Deuel County, SD, Dewey County, SD, Edmunds County, SD, Faulk County, SD, Grant County, SD, Hamlin County, SD, Hand County, SD, Hanson County, SD, Hughes County, SD, Hyde County, SD, Jerauld County, SD, Jones County, SD, Kingsbury County, SD, Lake County, SD, Lyman County, SD, Marshall County, SD, McCook County, SD, McPherson County, SD, Miner County, SD, Minnehaha County, SD, Moody County, SD, Potter County, SD, Sanborn County, SD, Spink County, SD, Stanley County, SD, Sully County, SD, Walworth County, SD

The radar

The Aberdeen radar (KABR), 113 km from the middle of the area, began a volume at 21:06 UTC, the scan nearest the moment this went out.

Open the radar archive at this moment

The archived warnings, watches and discussions in force at that minute are drawn over the scan, this one among them.

What SPC expected

The probabilities SPC published with the watch, for the watch area over its life.

Two or more tornadoes
30%
One or more EF2 to EF5 tornadoes
20%
Ten or more severe wind reports
30%
One or more gusts of 65 knots or more
10%
Ten or more severe hail reports
40%
One or more hailstones of 2 inches or more
40%
Six or more combined severe hail and wind reports
60%

Warnings issued inside it

22 tornado, severe thunderstorm and flash flood warnings for its counties while it was in force.

IssuedProductOfficeCountiesLasted
Jul 25, 4:18 PM CDTSevere Thunderstorm WarningABRDewey, Potter, Walworth28 min
Jul 25, 4:41 PM CDTSevere Thunderstorm WarningABRMcPherson49 min
Jul 25, 4:49 PM CDTTornado Warning Tornado observedABRMcPherson26 min
Jul 25, 4:54 PM CDTSevere Thunderstorm WarningABREdmunds, Faulk, Potter, Walworth51 min
Jul 25, 4:56 PM CDTSevere Thunderstorm WarningABREdmunds, Faulk, Potter, Walworth49 min
Jul 25, 5:38 PM CDTSevere Thunderstorm WarningABREdmunds, Faulk, Hand, Hyde, Potter67 min
Jul 25, 6:00 PM CDTSevere Thunderstorm WarningABRBrown, Edmunds, Faulk, Hand, Spink60 min
Jul 25, 6:18 PM CDTFlash Flood WarningABRFaulk, Potter6 hr
Jul 25, 6:22 PM CDTFlash Flood WarningABREdmunds6 hr
Jul 25, 6:46 PM CDTSevere Thunderstorm WarningABRBrown, Clark, Day, Spink59 min
Jul 25, 7:10 PM CDTSevere Thunderstorm WarningABRHand50 min
Jul 25, 7:36 PM CDTSevere Thunderstorm WarningABRClark, Codington, Spink39 min
Jul 25, 7:54 PM CDTSevere Thunderstorm WarningABRHand51 min
Jul 25, 8:14 PM CDTSevere Thunderstorm WarningFSDBeadle, Jerauld, Kingsbury, Sanborn46 min
Jul 25, 8:25 PM CDTSevere Thunderstorm WarningFSDAurora, Beadle, Brule, Jerauld50 min
Jul 25, 8:47 PM CDTSevere Thunderstorm WarningFSDBeadle, Brookings, Kingsbury43 min
Jul 25, 9:13 PM CDTSevere Thunderstorm WarningFSDAurora, Brule, Jerauld47 min
Jul 25, 9:17 PM CDTSevere Thunderstorm WarningFSDKingsbury, Lake, Miner43 min
Jul 25, 9:19 PM CDTSevere Thunderstorm WarningABRLyman40 min
Jul 25, 9:24 PM CDTSevere Thunderstorm WarningFSDBrookings, Kingsbury, Lake, Miner36 min
Jul 25, 9:43 PM CDTTornado WarningFSDLake19 min
Jul 25, 10:13 PM CDTSevere Thunderstorm WarningFSDAurora, Brule, Charles Mix, Davison, Douglas32 min

Discussions around it

SPC mesoscale discussions over the same counties from four hours before the watch to its end.

The nearest sounding before it

Aberdeen, SD (KABR), launched 12:00Z, 9.1 hours before the alert went out and 110 km from the middle of its area. This is the routine balloon launch nearest before it, the air the forecaster had in hand, not a measurement taken for the alert.

Skew-T log-pSkew-T log-p diagram, Aberdeen, SD at 12:00Z on 2015-07-25Temperature and dew point through the depth of the atmosphere, with the mixed-layer parcel. CAPE 272 joules per kilogram.LCLLFCEL10008507005003002001001 km2 km3 km6 km9 km12 km15 km-30°-20°-10°0°10°20°30°40°
Temperature in red, dew point in green, the mixed-layer parcel dashed.
HodographHodograph, Aberdeen, SD at 12:00Z on 2015-07-25The wind through the lowest 10 kilometers. Zero to 1 km storm-relative helicity 31 square meters per square second.19395878Sfc1 km3 km6 km9 kmRMLM
The wind turning with height, colored by layer: ground to 1 km, 1 to 3 km, 3 to 6 km, 6 to 10 km.
Mixed-layer CAPE
272 J/kg
Mixed-layer CIN
-256 J/kg
Mixed-layer LCL
2141 m above ground
0-6 km bulk shear
29 kt
0-1 km storm-relative helicity
31 m²/s²
0-3 km storm-relative helicity
143 m²/s²
Significant tornado parameter
0.0
Supercell composite
-0.1

Open this sounding in Storm Lab

The text

As transmitted, in the capitals the NWS used until 2016.

721 
WWUS20 KWNS 252101
SEL2  
SPC WW 252101
SDZ000-260400-

URGENT - IMMEDIATE BROADCAST REQUESTED
TORNADO WATCH NUMBER 452
NWS STORM PREDICTION CENTER NORMAN OK
400 PM CDT SAT JUL 25 2015

THE NWS STORM PREDICTION CENTER HAS ISSUED A

* TORNADO WATCH FOR PORTIONS OF 
  CENTRAL AND NORTHERN SOUTH DAKOTA

* EFFECTIVE THIS SATURDAY AFTERNOON AND EVENING FROM 400 PM UNTIL
  1100 PM CDT.

* PRIMARY THREATS INCLUDE...
  A COUPLE TORNADOES POSSIBLE
  SCATTERED LARGE HAIL AND ISOLATED VERY LARGE HAIL EVENTS TO 3
    INCHES IN DIAMETER POSSIBLE
  ISOLATED DAMAGING WIND GUSTS TO 70 MPH POSSIBLE

SUMMARY...EXPECT DISCRETE STORMS/SUPERCELLS TO CONTINUE TO DEVELOP
ACROSS THE WATCH AREA THROUGH THE EVENING. ACTIVITY WILL BE
SUPPORTED BY STRONG TO LOCALLY EXTREME INSTABILITY AND THE PRESENCE
OF WEAK BACKGROUND ASCENT FOCUSED ALONG THERMAL TROUGH AND WEAK
SURFACE LOW SITUATED ACROSS CENTRAL SD. MAGNITUDE OF INSTABILITY AND
DEEP SHEAR WILL BE MORE THAN ADEQUATE FOR SUPERCELLS. TORNADO THREAT
MAY EVOLVE FROM DISCRETE CELLS NEAR A NARROW AXIS OF BACKED
LOW-LEVEL FLOW LEFT IN THE WAKE OF STORM COMPLEX EARLIER IN THE DAY.
LOWER LFC NEAR THIS WEAK BOUNDARY WILL ALSO SUPPORT THE CHANCE FOR
STRONGER MID TO LOW LEVEL ROTATION TO REACH THE SURFACE.

THE TORNADO WATCH AREA IS APPROXIMATELY ALONG AND 70 STATUTE
MILES NORTH AND SOUTH OF A LINE FROM 50 MILES NORTHWEST OF PIERRE
SOUTH DAKOTA TO 40 MILES NORTH NORTHEAST OF HURON SOUTH DAKOTA. 
FOR A COMPLETE DEPICTION OF THE WATCH SEE THE ASSOCIATED WATCH
OUTLINE UPDATE (WOUS64 KWNS WOU2).

PRECAUTIONARY/PREPAREDNESS ACTIONS...

REMEMBER...A TORNADO WATCH MEANS CONDITIONS ARE FAVORABLE FOR
TORNADOES AND SEVERE THUNDERSTORMS IN AND CLOSE TO THE WATCH
AREA. PERSONS IN THESE AREAS SHOULD BE ON THE LOOKOUT FOR
THREATENING WEATHER CONDITIONS AND LISTEN FOR LATER STATEMENTS
AND POSSIBLE WARNINGS.

&&

OTHER WATCH INFORMATION...CONTINUE...WW 451...

AVIATION...TORNADOES AND A FEW SEVERE THUNDERSTORMS WITH HAIL
SURFACE AND ALOFT TO 3 INCHES. EXTREME TURBULENCE AND SURFACE
WIND GUSTS TO 60 KNOTS. A FEW CUMULONIMBI WITH MAXIMUM TOPS TO
500. MEAN STORM MOTION VECTOR 26020.


...CARBIN

SPC that day

Everything else SPC issued on the same UTC day.

IssuedProductOfficeCountiesLasted
Jul 25, 7:47 AM CDTMesoscale DiscussionSPCBrule, Gregory, Jones, Lyman, Mellette, Tripp2 hr
Jul 25, 10:58 AM CDTMesoscale DiscussionSPCHanson, Hutchinson, Lake, McCook, Miner, Minnehaha and 1 more92 min
Jul 25, 3:27 PM CDTMesoscale DiscussionSPCAurora, Beadle, Brule, Buffalo, Hand, Hughes and 8 more2 hr
Jul 25, 5:22 PM CDTMesoscale DiscussionSPCBennett, Jackson, Oglala Lakota2 hr
Jul 25, 5:58 PM CDTMesoscale DiscussionSPCBeadle, Brown, Buffalo, Campbell, Dewey, Edmunds and 14 more92 min
Jul 25, 6:13 PM CDTMesoscale DiscussionSPCBrookings, Deuel, Douglas, Grant, Hamlin, Hanson and 8 more3 hr

Nearby

Tornado Watches in South Dakota, 2015Every tornado watch in 2015

Sources

The product and its follow-ups from the Iowa Environmental Mesonet's archive of National Weather Service and Storm Prediction Center text; the sounding from the Mesonet's radiosonde archive; radar from the NEXRAD Level II archive.