Alert archive / Indiana / Tornado Watches in 2015
Tornado Watch 438
The Storm Prediction Center issued this tornado watch at Jul 18, 2015, 4:59 PM EDT for 24 counties in Indiana; 24 counties in Michigan. It was in force for 5 hr.
The area
The outline as issued.
The facts
- Issued
- Jul 18, 2015, 4:59 PM EDT (20:59 UTC)
- Expired
- Jul 18, 2015, 9:30 PM EDT
- In force
- 5 hr
- Issued by
- the Storm Prediction Center
- Largest hail expected
- 1.5 in
- Strongest gust expected
- 60 kt
All 48 counties
Adams County, IN, Allen County, IN, Blackford County, IN, Cass County, IN, DeKalb County, IN, Elkhart County, IN, Fulton County, IN, Grant County, IN, Huntington County, IN, Jay County, IN, Kosciusko County, IN, LaGrange County, IN, LaPorte County, IN, Marshall County, IN, Miami County, IN, Noble County, IN, Pulaski County, IN, Saint Joseph County, IN, Starke County, IN, Steuben County, IN, Wabash County, IN, Wells County, IN, White County, IN, Whitley County, IN, Allegan County, MI, Barry County, MI, Berrien County, MI, Branch County, MI, Calhoun County, MI, Cass County, MI, Clinton County, MI, Eaton County, MI, Gratiot County, MI, Hillsdale County, MI, Ingham County, MI, Ionia County, MI, Isabella County, MI, Jackson County, MI, Kalamazoo County, MI, Kent County, MI, Mecosta County, MI, Montcalm County, MI, Muskegon County, MI, Newaygo County, MI, Oceana County, MI, Ottawa County, MI, Saint Joseph County, MI, Van Buren County, MI
The radar
The Grand Rapids radar (KGRR), 60 km from the middle of the area, began a volume at 21:03 UTC, the scan nearest the moment this went out.
Open the radar archive at this moment
The archived warnings, watches and discussions in force at that minute are drawn over the scan, this one among them.
What SPC expected
The probabilities SPC published with the watch, for the watch area over its life.
- Two or more tornadoes
- 40%
- One or more EF2 to EF5 tornadoes
- 20%
- Ten or more severe wind reports
- 70%
- One or more gusts of 65 knots or more
- 10%
- Ten or more severe hail reports
- 30%
- One or more hailstones of 2 inches or more
- 5%
- Six or more combined severe hail and wind reports
- 90%
Warnings issued inside it
18 tornado, severe thunderstorm and flash flood warnings for its counties while it was in force.
| Issued | Product | Office | Counties | Lasted |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Jul 18, 5:33 PM EDT | Severe Thunderstorm Warning | IWX | LaPorte | 42 min |
| Jul 18, 5:48 PM EDT | Severe Thunderstorm Warning | IWX | Berrien, Cass | 42 min |
| Jul 18, 6:19 PM EDT | Flash Flood Warning | IWX | LaPorte | 3 hr |
| Jul 18, 6:27 PM EDT | Severe Thunderstorm Warning | IWX | LaPorte | 48 min |
| Jul 18, 6:28 PM EDT | Severe Thunderstorm Warning | IWX | Berrien, Cass, Saint Joseph | 47 min |
| Jul 18, 6:39 PM EDT | Severe Thunderstorm Warning | GRR | Van Buren | 51 min |
| Jul 18, 6:43 PM EDT | Severe Thunderstorm Warning | IWX | Elkhart, Kosciusko, Marshall, Saint Joseph | 47 min |
| Jul 18, 6:47 PM EDT | Severe Thunderstorm Warning | IWX | Noble, Whitley | 23 min |
| Jul 18, 6:56 PM EDT | Severe Thunderstorm Warning | IWX | Fulton, Kosciusko, Marshall | 64 min |
| Jul 18, 6:56 PM EDT | Severe Thunderstorm Warning | GRR | Kalamazoo | 49 min |
| Jul 18, 7:07 PM EDT | Severe Thunderstorm Warning | GRR | Allegan, Barry | 38 min |
| Jul 18, 7:13 PM EDT | Flash Flood Warning | IWX | Kosciusko, Marshall | 4 hr |
| Jul 18, 7:14 PM EDT | Severe Thunderstorm Warning | IWX | Elkhart, LaGrange | 46 min |
| Jul 18, 7:22 PM EDT | Severe Thunderstorm Warning | IWX | Kosciusko, Noble, Whitley | 53 min |
| Jul 18, 7:33 PM EDT | Flash Flood Warning | IWX | Kosciusko, Noble, Whitley | 4 hr |
| Jul 18, 7:57 PM EDT | Severe Thunderstorm Warning | IWX | LaGrange, Steuben | 63 min |
| Jul 18, 7:57 PM EDT | Severe Thunderstorm Warning | IWX | Allen, DeKalb, Noble, Whitley | 63 min |
| Jul 18, 8:36 PM EDT | Severe Thunderstorm Warning | IWX | Adams, Allen, Wells | 24 min |
Discussions around it
SPC mesoscale discussions over the same counties from four hours before the watch to its end.
The nearest sounding before it
Detroit, MI (KDTX), launched 12:00Z, 9.0 hours before the alert went out and 217 km from the middle of its area. This is the routine balloon launch nearest before it, the air the forecaster had in hand, not a measurement taken for the alert.
- Mixed-layer CAPE
- 1342 J/kg
- Mixed-layer CIN
- -42 J/kg
- Mixed-layer LCL
- 793 m above ground
- 0-6 km bulk shear
- 18 kt
- 0-1 km storm-relative helicity
- 26 m²/s²
- 0-3 km storm-relative helicity
- 71 m²/s²
- Significant tornado parameter
- 0.0
- Supercell composite
- 0.0
The text
As transmitted, in the capitals the NWS used until 2016.
524 WWUS20 KWNS 182056 SEL8 SPC WW 182056 INZ000-MIZ000-OHZ000-LMZ000-190400- URGENT - IMMEDIATE BROADCAST REQUESTED TORNADO WATCH NUMBER 438 NWS STORM PREDICTION CENTER NORMAN OK 500 PM EDT SAT JUL 18 2015 THE NWS STORM PREDICTION CENTER HAS ISSUED A * TORNADO WATCH FOR PORTIONS OF NORTHERN INDIANA WESTERN LOWER MICHIGAN NORTHWEST OHIO LAKE MICHIGAN * EFFECTIVE THIS SATURDAY AFTERNOON FROM 500 PM UNTIL MIDNIGHT EDT. * PRIMARY THREATS INCLUDE... A COUPLE TORNADOES POSSIBLE SCATTERED DAMAGING WIND GUSTS TO 70 MPH LIKELY ISOLATED LARGE HAIL EVENTS TO 1.5 INCHES IN DIAMETER POSSIBLE SUMMARY...THUNDERSTORM COMPLEX NOW OVER SE WI/NE IL EXPECTED TO MOVE/DEVELOP GENERALLY E OR ESE INTO PARTS OF LWR MI/NRN INDIANA THROUGH THIS EVENING...WITH ADDITIONAL STORMS POSSIBLY FORMING S AND E OF THE CLUSTER. SOME OF THE STORMS WILL BE CAPABLE OF DAMAGING WIND...MARGINALLY SEVERE HAIL...AND A COUPLE TORNADOES. THE TORNADO WATCH AREA IS APPROXIMATELY ALONG AND 60 STATUTE MILES EAST AND WEST OF A LINE FROM 50 MILES NORTH NORTHEAST OF MUSKEGON MICHIGAN TO 45 MILES SOUTHWEST OF FORT WAYNE INDIANA. FOR A COMPLETE DEPICTION OF THE WATCH SEE THE ASSOCIATED WATCH OUTLINE UPDATE (WOUS64 KWNS WOU8). PRECAUTIONARY/PREPAREDNESS ACTIONS... REMEMBER...A TORNADO WATCH MEANS CONDITIONS ARE FAVORABLE FOR TORNADOES AND SEVERE THUNDERSTORMS IN AND CLOSE TO THE WATCH AREA. PERSONS IN THESE AREAS SHOULD BE ON THE LOOKOUT FOR THREATENING WEATHER CONDITIONS AND LISTEN FOR LATER STATEMENTS AND POSSIBLE WARNINGS. && OTHER WATCH INFORMATION...CONTINUE...WW 436...WW 437... AVIATION...TORNADOES AND A FEW SEVERE THUNDERSTORMS WITH HAIL SURFACE AND ALOFT TO 1.5 INCHES. EXTREME TURBULENCE AND SURFACE WIND GUSTS TO 60 KNOTS. A FEW CUMULONIMBI WITH MAXIMUM TOPS TO 550. MEAN STORM MOTION VECTOR 28030. ...CORFIDI
SPC that day
Everything else SPC issued on the same UTC day.
| Issued | Product | Office | Counties | Lasted |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Jul 18, 1:26 PM EDT | Mesoscale Discussion | SPC | Adams, Allen, Blackford, Carroll, Cass, Clinton and 20 more | 2 hr |
| Jul 18, 2:31 PM EDT | Tornado Watch | SPC | Benton, Jasper, Lake, Newton, Porter | 5 hr |
| Jul 18, 4:21 PM EDT | Mesoscale Discussion | SPC | Allen, Carroll, Cass, DeKalb, Elkhart, Fulton and 16 more | 84 min |
| Jul 18, 6:43 PM EDT | Mesoscale Discussion | SPC | Allen, Cass, DeKalb, Elkhart, Fulton, Huntington and 17 more | 92 min |
| Jul 18, 7:37 AM EDT | Mesoscale Discussion | SPC | Benzie, Lake, Manistee, Mason, Muskegon, Newaygo and 3 more | 53 min |
Nearby
Tornado Watches in Indiana, 2015Tornado Watches in Michigan, 2015Every tornado watch in 2015
Sources
The product and its follow-ups from the Iowa Environmental Mesonet's archive of National Weather Service and Storm Prediction Center text; the sounding from the Mesonet's radiosonde archive; radar from the NEXRAD Level II archive.