Alert archive / Georgia / Tornado Watches in 2014

Tornado Watch 561

December 23, 201440 counties in Alabama; 20 counties in Florida; 46 counties in Georgia

The Storm Prediction Center issued this tornado watch at Dec 23, 2014, 2:47 PM CST for 40 counties in Alabama; 20 counties in Florida; 46 counties in Georgia. It was in force for 8 hr.

The area

The outline as issued.

The facts

Issued
Dec 23, 2014, 2:47 PM CST (20:47 UTC)
Expired
Dec 23, 2014, 11:10 PM CST
In force
8 hr
Issued by
the Storm Prediction Center
Largest hail expected
1 in
Strongest gust expected
65 kt
All 106 counties

Autauga County, AL, Barbour County, AL, Bibb County, AL, Bullock County, AL, Butler County, AL, Chambers County, AL, Chilton County, AL, Clarke County, AL, Clay County, AL, Coffee County, AL, Conecuh County, AL, Coosa County, AL, Covington County, AL, Crenshaw County, AL, Dale County, AL, Dallas County, AL, Elmore County, AL, Escambia County, AL, Geneva County, AL, Greene County, AL, Hale County, AL, Henry County, AL, Houston County, AL, Jefferson County, AL, Lee County, AL, Lowndes County, AL, Macon County, AL, Marengo County, AL, Monroe County, AL, Montgomery County, AL, Perry County, AL, Pike County, AL, Randolph County, AL, Russell County, AL, Shelby County, AL, Sumter County, AL, Talladega County, AL, Tallapoosa County, AL, Tuscaloosa County, AL, Wilcox County, AL, Bay County, FL, Calhoun County, FL, Dixie County, FL, Escambia County, FL, Franklin County, FL, Gadsden County, FL, Gulf County, FL, Holmes County, FL, Jackson County, FL, Jefferson County, FL, Lafayette County, FL, Leon County, FL, Liberty County, FL, Madison County, FL, Okaloosa County, FL, Santa Rosa County, FL, Taylor County, FL, Wakulla County, FL, Walton County, FL, Washington County, FL, Baker County, GA, Brooks County, GA, Calhoun County, GA, Carroll County, GA, Chattahoochee County, GA, Clay County, GA, Clayton County, GA, Colquitt County, GA, Cook County, GA, Coweta County, GA, Crisp County, GA, Decatur County, GA, Dooly County, GA, Dougherty County, GA, Douglas County, GA, Early County, GA, Fayette County, GA, Fulton County, GA, Grady County, GA, Harris County, GA, Heard County, GA, Lee County, GA, Lowndes County, GA, Macon County, GA, Marion County, GA, Meriwether County, GA, Miller County, GA, Mitchell County, GA, Muscogee County, GA, Pike County, GA, Quitman County, GA, Randolph County, GA, Schley County, GA, Seminole County, GA, Spalding County, GA, Stewart County, GA, Sumter County, GA, Talbot County, GA, Taylor County, GA, Terrell County, GA, Thomas County, GA, Tift County, GA, Troup County, GA, Upson County, GA, Webster County, GA, Worth County, GA

The radar

The Ft Rucker radar (KEOX), 72 km from the middle of the area, began a volume at 20:48 UTC, the scan nearest the moment this went out.

Open the radar archive at this moment

The archived warnings, watches and discussions in force at that minute are drawn over the scan, this one among them.

What SPC expected

The probabilities SPC published with the watch, for the watch area over its life.

Two or more tornadoes
50%
One or more EF2 to EF5 tornadoes
10%
Ten or more severe wind reports
70%
One or more gusts of 65 knots or more
30%
Ten or more severe hail reports
20%
One or more hailstones of 2 inches or more
5%
Six or more combined severe hail and wind reports
95%

Warnings issued inside it

14 tornado, severe thunderstorm and flash flood warnings for its counties while it was in force.

IssuedProductOfficeCountiesLasted
Dec 23, 3:39 PM CSTFlash Flood WarningTAEGadsden6 hr
Dec 23, 4:18 PM CSTFlash Flood WarningTAEFranklin, Gulf, Liberty6 hr
Dec 23, 4:23 PM CSTSevere Thunderstorm WarningBMXSumter47 min
Dec 23, 4:37 PM CSTFlash Flood Warning EmergencyTAEJefferson, Leon, Wakulla6 hr
Dec 23, 5:31 PM CSTSevere Thunderstorm WarningBMXDallas, Hale, Marengo, Perry44 min
Dec 23, 5:38 PM CSTSevere Thunderstorm WarningTAEGadsden, Leon, Wakulla52 min
Dec 23, 5:58 PM CSTSevere Thunderstorm WarningBMXBibb, Chilton, Shelby52 min
Dec 23, 6:01 PM CSTTornado WarningBMXBibb, Chilton, Perry23 min
Dec 23, 6:18 PM CSTSevere Thunderstorm WarningBMXAutauga, Chilton, Dallas, Lowndes57 min
Dec 23, 6:18 PM CSTTornado WarningTAEGulf27 min
Dec 23, 6:44 PM CSTFlash Flood WarningBMXJefferson3 hr
Dec 23, 7:00 PM CSTTornado WarningTAEGulf22 min
Dec 23, 7:17 PM CSTFlash Flood WarningTAEBrooks, Thomas5 hr
Dec 23, 9:15 PM CSTFlash Flood WarningTAECoffee, Dale, Geneva4 hr

Discussions around it

SPC mesoscale discussions over the same counties from four hours before the watch to its end.

The nearest sounding before it

Birmingham, AL (KBMX), launched 12:00Z, 8.8 hours before the alert went out and 162 km from the middle of its area. This is the routine balloon launch nearest before it, the air the forecaster had in hand, not a measurement taken for the alert.

Skew-T log-pSkew-T log-p diagram, Birmingham, AL at 12:00Z on 2014-12-23Temperature and dew point through the depth of the atmosphere, with the mixed-layer parcel. CAPE 79 joules per kilogram.LCLLFCEL10008507005003002001001 km2 km3 km6 km9 km12 km15 km-30°-20°-10°0°10°20°30°40°
Temperature in red, dew point in green, the mixed-layer parcel dashed.
HodographHodograph, Birmingham, AL at 12:00Z on 2014-12-23The wind through the lowest 10 kilometers. Zero to 1 km storm-relative helicity 147 square meters per square second.1939587897117136Sfc1 km3 km6 km9 kmRMLM
The wind turning with height, colored by layer: ground to 1 km, 1 to 3 km, 3 to 6 km, 6 to 10 km.
Mixed-layer CAPE
79 J/kg
Mixed-layer CIN
-65 J/kg
Mixed-layer LCL
481 m above ground
0-6 km bulk shear
67 kt
0-1 km storm-relative helicity
147 m²/s²
0-3 km storm-relative helicity
226 m²/s²
Significant tornado parameter
0.0
Supercell composite
0.9

Open this sounding in Storm Lab

The text

As transmitted, in the capitals the NWS used until 2016.

353 
WWUS20 KWNS 232056
SEL1  
SPC WW 232056
ALZ000-FLZ000-GAZ000-CWZ000-240500-

URGENT - IMMEDIATE BROADCAST REQUESTED
TORNADO WATCH NUMBER 561
NWS STORM PREDICTION CENTER NORMAN OK
245 PM CST TUE DEC 23 2014

THE NWS STORM PREDICTION CENTER HAS ISSUED A

* TORNADO WATCH FOR PORTIONS OF 
  SOUTHERN AND CENTRAL ALABAMA
  THE FLORIDA PANHANDLE
  SOUTHWEST GEORGIA
  COASTAL WATERS

* EFFECTIVE THIS TUESDAY AFTERNOON AND EVENING FROM 245 PM UNTIL
  1100 PM CST.

* PRIMARY THREATS INCLUDE...
  A FEW TORNADOES POSSIBLE
  SCATTERED DAMAGING WINDS LIKELY WITH ISOLATED SIGNIFICANT GUSTS
    TO 75 MPH POSSIBLE
  ISOLATED LARGE HAIL EVENTS TO 1 INCH IN DIAMETER POSSIBLE

THE TORNADO WATCH AREA IS APPROXIMATELY ALONG AND 115 STATUTE
MILES NORTH AND SOUTH OF A LINE FROM 55 MILES WEST SOUTHWEST OF
COMPLETE DEPICTION OF THE WATCH SEE THE ASSOCIATED WATCH OUTLINE
UPDATE (WOUS64 KWNS WOU1).

PRECAUTIONARY/PREPAREDNESS ACTIONS...

REMEMBER...A TORNADO WATCH MEANS CONDITIONS ARE FAVORABLE FOR
TORNADOES AND SEVERE THUNDERSTORMS IN AND CLOSE TO THE WATCH
AREA. PERSONS IN THESE AREAS SHOULD BE ON THE LOOKOUT FOR
THREATENING WEATHER CONDITIONS AND LISTEN FOR LATER STATEMENTS
AND POSSIBLE WARNINGS.

&&

OTHER WATCH INFORMATION...CONTINUE...WW 560...

DISCUSSION...TSTMS EXPECTED TO INCREASE IN COVERAGE AND POSSIBLY
STRENGTH ALONG AND JUST AHEAD OF SSW-NNE COLD FRONT ADVANCING EWD
FROM CNTRL MS/S CNTRL LA. OTHER STORMS ARE EXPECTED TO FORM IN
LOW-LVL CONFLUENCE AXIS AHEAD OF FRONT OVER SW/S CNTRL AL. LATEST
SFC DATA SHOW A SUB-SYNOPTIC LOW FORMING NEAR NEW ORLEANS ATTM. THE
LOW SHOULD DEEPEN AND MOVE NNE INTO AL...ENHANCING LOW-LVL
DIRECTIONAL SHEAR TO ITS N AND E. COUPLED WITH SEASONABLY RICH
MOISTURE AND 50-60 KT SWLY DEEP SHEAR...SETUP APPEARS FAVORABLE FOR
/1/ A FAIRLY EXTENSIVE SQLN POSING A THREAT FOR DMGG WIND AND
OCCASIONAL TORNADOES FROM EMBEDDED CIRCULATIONS...AND /2/ A FEW MORE
DISCRETE SUPERCELLS E OF THE LINE WITH A RISK FOR A COUPLE
TORNADOES...LOCALLY DMGG WIND...AND MARGINALLY SVR HAIL.

AVIATION...TORNADOES AND A FEW SEVERE THUNDERSTORMS WITH HAIL
SURFACE AND ALOFT TO 1 INCH. EXTREME TURBULENCE AND SURFACE WIND
GUSTS TO 65 KNOTS. A FEW CUMULONIMBI WITH MAXIMUM TOPS TO 500.
MEAN STORM MOTION VECTOR 23035.


...CORFIDI

SPC that day

Everything else SPC issued on the same UTC day.

IssuedProductOfficeCountiesLasted
Dec 23, 3:45 AM CSTMesoscale DiscussionSPCBaldwin2 hr
Dec 23, 7:39 AM CSTMesoscale DiscussionSPCChoctaw, Greene, Pickens, Sumter3 hr
Dec 23, 7:40 AM CSTMesoscale DiscussionSPCBaldwin, Butler, Clarke, Coffee, Conecuh, Covington and 8 more2 hr
Dec 23, 9:30 AM CSTTornado WatchSPCBaldwin, Choctaw, Mobile, Washington11 hr
Dec 23, 11:33 AM CSTMesoscale DiscussionSPCChoctaw, Greene, Mobile, Sumter, Washington87 min
Dec 23, 2:06 PM CSTMesoscale DiscussionSPCAutauga, Baldwin, Barbour, Bibb, Bullock, Butler and 32 more114 min
Dec 23, 2:57 PM CSTMesoscale DiscussionSPCChoctaw, Greene, Mobile, Sumter, Washington93 min
Dec 23, 4:59 PM CSTMesoscale DiscussionSPCBaldwin, Mobile, Washington61 min
Dec 23, 12:12 PM CSTMesoscale DiscussionSPCBay, Calhoun, Franklin, Gadsden, Gulf, Holmes and 7 more2 hr

Nearby

Tornado Watches in Georgia, 2014Tornado Watches in Alabama, 2014Tornado Watches in Florida, 2014Every tornado watch in 2014

Sources

The product and its follow-ups from the Iowa Environmental Mesonet's archive of National Weather Service and Storm Prediction Center text; the sounding from the Mesonet's radiosonde archive; radar from the NEXRAD Level II archive.