Alert archive / Wisconsin / Severe Thunderstorm Warnings in 2013

Severe Thunderstorm Warning 30, NWS Milwaukee, WI

May 30, 20137 counties in Wisconsin

NWS Milwaukee, WI issued this severe thunderstorm warning at May 30, 2013, 7:49 PM CDT for 7 counties in Wisconsin. It was in force for 41 min. 3 reports came from inside the area while it was in force.

The area

The outline as issued, with what was reported inside it.

The facts

Issued
May 30, 2013, 7:49 PM CDT (00:49 UTC)
Expired
May 30, 2013, 8:30 PM CDT
In force
41 min
Issued by
NWS Milwaukee, WI
Area
Storm-based polygon
Hail
0.75 in
Wind
60.0 mph

Counties Dodge County, WI, Jefferson County, WI, Kenosha County, WI, Racine County, WI, Rock County, WI, Walworth County, WI, Waukesha County, WI

The radar

The Milwaukee radar (KMKX), 26 km from the middle of the area, began a volume at 00:52 UTC, the scan nearest the moment this went out.

Open the radar archive at this moment

The archived warnings, watches and discussions in force at that minute are drawn over the scan, this one among them.

What was reported inside it

TimeReportWhereRemark
May 30, 7:50 PM CDTTSTM WND DMGSw Delavan, WINUMEROUS 5-6 INCH DIAMETER TREE BRANCHES DOWN.
May 30, 8:03 PM CDTTSTM WND DMG3 Wsw East Troy, WIBARN LEVELED IN TROY WITH MULTIPLE TREES DOWN AS WELL.
May 30, 8:26 PM CDTTSTM WND GST 505 Se Waukesha, WI

Local storm reports filed while the alert was in force, from inside its polygon or its counties.

Did it verify

Verified. The Iowa Environmental Mesonet's Cow matched 2 storm reports to this severe thunderstorm warning; the first came 1 minutes after it went out.

Cow counts a report within 15 km of the polygon while the warning was in force: a tornado for a tornado warning; hail of 1 inch or more, a gust of 58 mph or more or wind damage for a severe thunderstorm warning; a flash flood report for a flash flood warning.

The watch it was issued in

The SPC watch in force over the same counties when this warning went out.

IssuedProductOfficeLasted
May 30, 6:40 PM CDTTornado WatchSPC3 hr

The nearest sounding before it

Green Bay/Straub, WI (KGRB), launched 00:00Z, 0.8 hours before the alert went out and 176 km from the middle of its area. This is the routine balloon launch nearest before it, the air the forecaster had in hand, not a measurement taken for the alert.

Skew-T log-pSkew-T log-p diagram, Green Bay/Straub, WI at 00:00Z on 2013-05-31Temperature and dew point through the depth of the atmosphere, with the mixed-layer parcel. CAPE 630 joules per kilogram.LCLLFCEL10008507005003002001001 km2 km3 km6 km9 km12 km15 km-30°-20°-10°0°10°20°30°40°
Temperature in red, dew point in green, the mixed-layer parcel dashed.
HodographHodograph, Green Bay/Straub, WI at 00:00Z on 2013-05-31The wind through the lowest 10 kilometers. Zero to 1 km storm-relative helicity 137 square meters per square second.193958Sfc1 km3 km6 km9 kmRMLM
The wind turning with height, colored by layer: ground to 1 km, 1 to 3 km, 3 to 6 km, 6 to 10 km.
Mixed-layer CAPE
630 J/kg
Mixed-layer CIN
-56 J/kg
Mixed-layer LCL
1294 m above ground
0-6 km bulk shear
33 kt
0-1 km storm-relative helicity
137 m²/s²
0-3 km storm-relative helicity
182 m²/s²
Significant tornado parameter
0.3
Supercell composite
1.7

Open this sounding in Storm Lab

The text

As transmitted, in the capitals the NWS used until 2016.

576 
WUUS53 KMKX 310049
SVRMKX
WIC027-055-059-101-105-127-133-310130-
/O.NEW.KMKX.SV.W.0030.130531T0049Z-130531T0130Z/

BULLETIN - IMMEDIATE BROADCAST REQUESTED
SEVERE THUNDERSTORM WARNING
NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE MILWAUKEE/SULLIVAN WI
749 PM CDT THU MAY 30 2013

THE NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE IN SULLIVAN HAS ISSUED A

* SEVERE THUNDERSTORM WARNING FOR...
  SOUTHEASTERN DODGE COUNTY IN SOUTHEAST WISCONSIN...
  JEFFERSON COUNTY IN SOUTHEAST WISCONSIN...
  KENOSHA COUNTY IN SOUTHEAST WISCONSIN...
  WESTERN RACINE COUNTY IN SOUTHEAST WISCONSIN...
  NORTHEASTERN ROCK COUNTY IN SOUTH CENTRAL WISCONSIN...
  WALWORTH COUNTY IN SOUTHEAST WISCONSIN...
  WAUKESHA COUNTY IN SOUTHEAST WISCONSIN...

* UNTIL 830 PM CDT

* AT 746 PM CDT...A LINE OF SEVERE THUNDERSTORMS WAS LOCATED ALONG A
  LINE EXTENDING FROM FORT ATKINSON TO 6 MILES SOUTHEAST OF
  HARVARD...AND MOVING NORTHEAST AT 50 MPH.

  HAZARD...60 MPH WIND GUSTS.

  SOURCE...RADAR INDICATED.

  IMPACT...EXPECT DAMAGE TO ROOFS...SIDING AND TREES.

* SEVERE THUNDERSTORMS WILL BE NEAR...
  JOHNSON CREEK AND LAKE GENEVA AROUND 755 PM CDT.
  PELL LAKE AND PALMYRA AROUND 800 PM CDT.
  WATERTOWN AIRPORT AND WATERTOWN AROUND 805 PM CDT.
  BURLINGTON AIRPORT AND SILVER LAKE AROUND 810 PM CDT.
  LAPHAM PEAK STATE PARK AND WATERFORD NORTH AROUND 815 PM CDT.
  PLEASANT PRAIRIE AND WIND LAKE AROUND 820 PM CDT.

OTHER LOCATIONS IMPACTED BY THESE SEVERE THUNDERSTORMS INCLUDE
TIBBETS...LA GRANGE...HEBRON...ABELLS CORNERS...MILFORD...SPRING
PRAIRIE...SPRINGFIELD...ROME...HELENVILLE AND PIPERSVILLE.

PRECAUTIONARY/PREPAREDNESS ACTIONS...

FOR YOUR PROTECTION MOVE TO AN INTERIOR ROOM ON THE LOWEST FLOOR OF A
BUILDING.

INTENSE SQUALL LINES CAN SOMETIMES PRODUCE BRIEF TORNADOES AND
WIDESPREAD SIGNIFICANT WIND DAMAGE. ALTHOUGH NOT IMMEDIATELY
LIKELY...IT IS BEST TO MOVE TO AN INTERIOR ROOM ON THE LOWEST FLOOR
OF A BUILDING. THIS STORM MAY CAUSE SERIOUS INJURY AND SIGNIFICANT
PROPERTY DAMAGE.

&&

LAT...LON 4249 8781 4249 8866 4304 8900 4347 8849
      4336 8841 4320 8842 4319 8829 4289 8807
      4285 8807 4284 8803 4252 8780
TIME...MOT...LOC 0050Z 226DEG 44KT 4300 8883 4242 8845

HAIL...<.75IN
WIND...60MPH

$$

MGG
5 follow-up statements
896 
WWUS53 KMKX 310101
SVSMKX

SEVERE WEATHER STATEMENT
NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE MILWAUKEE/SULLIVAN WI
801 PM CDT THU MAY 30 2013

WIC105-310111-
/O.CAN.KMKX.SV.W.0030.000000T0000Z-130531T0130Z/
ROCK WI-
801 PM CDT THU MAY 30 2013

...THE SEVERE THUNDERSTORM WARNING FOR NORTHEASTERN ROCK COUNTY IS
CANCELLED...

THE LINE OF STORMS WHICH PROMPTED THE WARNING HAS MOVED OUT OF THE 
WARNED AREA.

LAT...LON 4249 8781 4253 8858 4303 8893 4347 8849
      4336 8841 4320 8842 4319 8829 4289 8807
      4285 8807 4284 8803 4252 8780
TIME...MOT...LOC 0101Z 226DEG 44KT 4307 8875 4263 8843

$$

WIC027-055-059-101-127-133-310130-
/O.CON.KMKX.SV.W.0030.000000T0000Z-130531T0130Z/
RACINE WI-DODGE WI-JEFFERSON WI-WAUKESHA WI-WALWORTH WI-KENOSHA WI-
801 PM CDT THU MAY 30 2013

...A SEVERE THUNDERSTORM WARNING REMAINS IN EFFECT FOR KENOSHA...
WALWORTH...WAUKESHA...JEFFERSON...SOUTHEASTERN DODGE AND WESTERN
RACINE COUNTIES UNTIL 830 PM CDT...

AT 756 PM CDT...A LINE OF SEVERE THUNDERSTORMS WAS LOCATED ALONG A
LINE EXTENDING FROM JEFFERSON TO COMO...AND MOVING NORTHEAST AT 50
MPH.

HAZARD...60 MPH WIND GUSTS.

SOURCE...RADAR INDICATED.

IMPACT...EXPECT DAMAGE TO ROOFS...SIDING AND TREES.

SEVERE THUNDERSTORMS WILL BE NEAR...
  WATERTOWN AIRPORT AND WATERTOWN AROUND 810 PM CDT.
  ROCHESTER AND POTTER LAKE AROUND 815 PM CDT.
  KENOSHA AIRPORT AND PLEASANT PRAIRIE AROUND 820 PM CDT.
  WAUKESHA AIRPORT AND WIND LAKE AROUND 825 PM CDT.
  NEW BERLIN AROUND 830 PM CDT.

OTHER LOCATIONS IN THE WARNING INCLUDE NEW MUNSTER...PIPERSVILLE...
NWS SULLIVAN/MILWAUKEE...HONEY CREEK...SULLIVAN...EAGLE...
BURLINGTON...SALEM...BRISTOL AND IXONIA.

PRECAUTIONARY/PREPAREDNESS ACTIONS...

A TORNADO WATCH REMAINS IN EFFECT FOR THE WARNED AREA. TORNADOES CAN
DEVELOP QUICKLY FROM SEVERE THUNDERSTORMS. ALTHOUGH ONE IS NOT
IMMEDIATELY LIKELY...IF A TORNADO IS SPOTTED...ACT QUICKLY AND MOVE
TO A PLACE OF SAFETY INSIDE A STURDY STRUCTURE...SUCH AS A BASEMENT
OR SMALL INTERIOR ROOM.

INTENSE SQUALL LINES CAN SOMETIMES PRODUCE BRIEF TORNADOES AND
WIDESPREAD SIGNIFICANT WIND DAMAGE. ALTHOUGH NOT IMMEDIATELY
LIKELY...IT IS BEST TO MOVE TO AN INTERIOR ROOM ON THE LOWEST FLOOR
OF A BUILDING. THIS STORM MAY CAUSE SERIOUS INJURY AND SIGNIFICANT
PROPERTY DAMAGE.

&&

LAT...LON 4249 8781 4253 8858 4303 8893 4347 8849
      4336 8841 4320 8842 4319 8829 4289 8807
      4285 8807 4284 8803 4252 8780
TIME...MOT...LOC 0101Z 226DEG 44KT 4307 8875 4263 8843

HAIL...<.75IN
WIND...60MPH

$$
COLLAR
159 
WWUS53 KMKX 310109
SVSMKX

SEVERE WEATHER STATEMENT
NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE MILWAUKEE/SULLIVAN WI
809 PM CDT THU MAY 30 2013

WIC027-055-059-101-127-133-310130-
/O.CON.KMKX.SV.W.0030.000000T0000Z-130531T0130Z/
RACINE WI-DODGE WI-JEFFERSON WI-WAUKESHA WI-WALWORTH WI-KENOSHA WI-
809 PM CDT THU MAY 30 2013

...A SEVERE THUNDERSTORM WARNING REMAINS IN EFFECT FOR KENOSHA...
WALWORTH...WAUKESHA...JEFFERSON...SOUTHEASTERN DODGE AND WESTERN
RACINE COUNTIES UNTIL 830 PM CDT...

AT 806 PM CDT...A LINE OF SEVERE THUNDERSTORMS WAS LOCATED ALONG A
LINE EXTENDING FROM JOHNSON CREEK TO 5 MILES SOUTH OF EAST TROY...AND
MOVING NORTHEAST AT 45 MPH.

HAZARD...60 MPH WIND GUSTS.

SOURCE...RADAR INDICATED.

IMPACT...EXPECT DAMAGE TO ROOFS...SIDING AND TREES.

SEVERE THUNDERSTORMS WILL BE NEAR...
  ROCHESTER AND POTTER LAKE AROUND 815 PM CDT.
  KENOSHA AIRPORT AND PLEASANT PRAIRIE AROUND 820 PM CDT.
  WIND LAKE AND OKAUCHEE LAKE AROUND 825 PM CDT.
  WAUKESHA AIRPORT AND MERTON AROUND 830 PM CDT.

OTHER LOCATIONS IN THE WARNING INCLUDE IXONIA...WATERFORD...
KANSASVILLE...MONTEREY...GENESEE...GENESEE DEPOT...LAPHAM PEAK ST
PARK...OCONOMOWOC LAKE...OCONOMOWOC AND LAC LA BELLE.

PRECAUTIONARY/PREPAREDNESS ACTIONS...

A TORNADO WATCH REMAINS IN EFFECT FOR THE WARNED AREA. TORNADOES CAN
DEVELOP QUICKLY FROM SEVERE THUNDERSTORMS. ALTHOUGH ONE IS NOT
IMMEDIATELY LIKELY...IF A TORNADO IS SPOTTED...ACT QUICKLY AND MOVE
TO A PLACE OF SAFETY INSIDE A STURDY STRUCTURE...SUCH AS A BASEMENT
OR SMALL INTERIOR ROOM.

INTENSE SQUALL LINES CAN SOMETIMES PRODUCE BRIEF TORNADOES AND
WIDESPREAD SIGNIFICANT WIND DAMAGE. ALTHOUGH NOT IMMEDIATELY
LIKELY...IT IS BEST TO MOVE TO AN INTERIOR ROOM ON THE LOWEST FLOOR
OF A BUILDING. THIS STORM MAY CAUSE SERIOUS INJURY AND SIGNIFICANT
PROPERTY DAMAGE.

&&

LAT...LON 4249 8781 4253 8858 4303 8893 4347 8849
      4336 8841 4320 8842 4319 8829 4289 8807
      4285 8807 4284 8803 4252 8780
TIME...MOT...LOC 0110Z 230DEG 40KT 4310 8865 4274 8835

HAIL...<.75IN
WIND...60MPH

$$
COLLAR
625 
WWUS53 KMKX 310114
SVSMKX

SEVERE WEATHER STATEMENT
NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE MILWAUKEE/SULLIVAN WI
814 PM CDT THU MAY 30 2013

WIC027-055-059-101-127-133-310130-
/O.CON.KMKX.SV.W.0030.000000T0000Z-130531T0130Z/
RACINE WI-DODGE WI-JEFFERSON WI-WAUKESHA WI-WALWORTH WI-KENOSHA WI-
814 PM CDT THU MAY 30 2013

...A SEVERE THUNDERSTORM WARNING REMAINS IN EFFECT FOR KENOSHA...
WALWORTH...WAUKESHA...JEFFERSON...SOUTHEASTERN DODGE AND WESTERN
RACINE COUNTIES UNTIL 830 PM CDT...

AT 810 PM CDT...A LINE OF SEVERE THUNDERSTORMS WAS LOCATED ALONG A
LINE EXTENDING FROM 6 MILES EAST OF JOHNSON CREEK TO EAST TROY...AND
MOVING NORTHEAST AT 45 MPH.

HAZARD...60 MPH WIND GUSTS.

SOURCE...RADAR INDICATED.

IMPACT...EXPECT DAMAGE TO ROOFS...SIDING AND TREES.

SEVERE THUNDERSTORMS WILL BE NEAR...
  PLEASANT PRAIRIE AND UNION GROVE AROUND 820 PM CDT.
  KENOSHA AIRPORT AND WIND LAKE AROUND 825 PM CDT.
  MUSKEGO AND WAUKESHA AIRPORT AROUND 830 PM CDT.

OTHER LOCATIONS IN THE WARNING INCLUDE MONTEREY...GENESEE...GENESEE
DEPOT...LAPHAM PEAK ST PARK...OCONOMOWOC LAKE...OCONOMOWOC...LAC LA
BELLE...ASHIPPUN...STONE BANK AND MAPLETON.

PRECAUTIONARY/PREPAREDNESS ACTIONS...

A TORNADO WATCH REMAINS IN EFFECT FOR THE WARNED AREA. TORNADOES CAN
DEVELOP QUICKLY FROM SEVERE THUNDERSTORMS. ALTHOUGH ONE IS NOT
IMMEDIATELY LIKELY...IF A TORNADO IS SPOTTED...ACT QUICKLY AND MOVE
TO A PLACE OF SAFETY INSIDE A STURDY STRUCTURE...SUCH AS A BASEMENT
OR SMALL INTERIOR ROOM.

FOR YOUR PROTECTION MOVE TO AN INTERIOR ROOM ON THE LOWEST FLOOR OF A
BUILDING.

INTENSE SQUALL LINES CAN SOMETIMES PRODUCE BRIEF TORNADOES AND
WIDESPREAD SIGNIFICANT WIND DAMAGE. ALTHOUGH NOT IMMEDIATELY
LIKELY...IT IS BEST TO MOVE TO AN INTERIOR ROOM ON THE LOWEST FLOOR
OF A BUILDING. THIS STORM MAY CAUSE SERIOUS INJURY AND SIGNIFICANT
PROPERTY DAMAGE.

&&

LAT...LON 4249 8781 4253 8858 4303 8893 4347 8849
      4336 8841 4320 8842 4319 8829 4289 8807
      4285 8807 4284 8803 4252 8780
TIME...MOT...LOC 0114Z 230DEG 40KT 4313 8861 4277 8831

HAIL...<.75IN
WIND...60MPH

$$
COLLAR
514 
WWUS53 KMKX 310118
SVSMKX

SEVERE WEATHER STATEMENT
NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE MILWAUKEE/SULLIVAN WI
818 PM CDT THU MAY 30 2013

WIC027-055-059-101-127-133-310130-
/O.CON.KMKX.SV.W.0030.000000T0000Z-130531T0130Z/
RACINE WI-DODGE WI-JEFFERSON WI-WAUKESHA WI-WALWORTH WI-KENOSHA WI-
818 PM CDT THU MAY 30 2013

...A SEVERE THUNDERSTORM WARNING REMAINS IN EFFECT FOR KENOSHA...
EASTERN WALWORTH...WAUKESHA...EASTERN JEFFERSON...SOUTHEASTERN DODGE
AND WESTERN RACINE COUNTIES UNTIL 830 PM CDT...

AT 815 PM CDT...A LINE OF SEVERE THUNDERSTORMS WAS LOCATED ALONG A
LINE EXTENDING FROM 6 MILES SOUTHEAST OF WATERTOWN AIRPORT TO POTTER
LAKE...AND MOVING NORTHEAST AT 40 MPH.

HAZARD...60 MPH WIND GUSTS.

SOURCE...RADAR INDICATED.

IMPACT...EXPECT DAMAGE TO ROOFS...SIDING AND TREES.

SEVERE THUNDERSTORMS WILL BE NEAR...
  KENOSHA AIRPORT AND UNION GROVE AROUND 825 PM CDT.
  HARTLAND AND DOWNTOWN WAUKESHA AROUND 830 PM CDT.

OTHER LOCATIONS IN THE WARNING INCLUDE ASHIPPUN...MONTEREY...
GENESEE...GENESEE DEPOT...LAPHAM PEAK ST PARK...OCONOMOWOC LAKE...
CHENEQUA...STONE BANK...MAPLETON AND NASHOTAH.

PRECAUTIONARY/PREPAREDNESS ACTIONS...

A TORNADO WATCH REMAINS IN EFFECT FOR THE WARNED AREA. TORNADOES CAN
DEVELOP QUICKLY FROM SEVERE THUNDERSTORMS. ALTHOUGH ONE IS NOT
IMMEDIATELY LIKELY...IF A TORNADO IS SPOTTED...ACT QUICKLY AND MOVE
TO A PLACE OF SAFETY INSIDE A STURDY STRUCTURE...SUCH AS A BASEMENT
OR SMALL INTERIOR ROOM.

INTENSE SQUALL LINES CAN SOMETIMES PRODUCE BRIEF TORNADOES AND
WIDESPREAD SIGNIFICANT WIND DAMAGE. ALTHOUGH NOT IMMEDIATELY
LIKELY...IT IS BEST TO MOVE TO AN INTERIOR ROOM ON THE LOWEST FLOOR
OF A BUILDING. THIS STORM MAY CAUSE SERIOUS INJURY AND SIGNIFICANT
PROPERTY DAMAGE.

&&

LAT...LON 4249 8781 4251 8825 4253 8839 4314 8878
      4347 8849 4336 8841 4320 8842 4319 8829
      4289 8807 4285 8807 4284 8803 4252 8780
TIME...MOT...LOC 0119Z 229DEG 33KT 4315 8857 4279 8828

HAIL...<.75IN
WIND...60MPH

$$
COLLAR
998 
WWUS53 KMKX 310126
SVSMKX

SEVERE WEATHER STATEMENT
NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE MILWAUKEE/SULLIVAN WI
826 PM CDT THU MAY 30 2013

WIC127-310137-
/O.CAN.KMKX.SV.W.0030.000000T0000Z-130531T0130Z/
WALWORTH WI-
826 PM CDT THU MAY 30 2013

...THE SEVERE THUNDERSTORM WARNING FOR EASTERN WALWORTH COUNTY IS
CANCELLED...

THE LINE OF STORMS WHICH PROMPTED THE WARNING HAS MOVED OUT OF THE 
WARNED AREA.

LAT...LON 4249 8781 4251 8825 4284 8830 4316 8866
      4347 8849 4336 8841 4320 8842 4319 8829
      4289 8807 4285 8807 4283 8803 4253 8780
TIME...MOT...LOC 0127Z 229DEG 33KT 4320 8849 4284 8820

$$

WIC027-055-059-101-133-310130-
/O.CON.KMKX.SV.W.0030.000000T0000Z-130531T0130Z/
RACINE WI-DODGE WI-JEFFERSON WI-WAUKESHA WI-KENOSHA WI-
826 PM CDT THU MAY 30 2013

...A SEVERE THUNDERSTORM WARNING REMAINS IN EFFECT FOR KENOSHA...
WAUKESHA...NORTHEASTERN JEFFERSON...SOUTHEASTERN DODGE AND WESTERN
RACINE COUNTIES UNTIL 830 PM CDT...

AT 824 PM CDT...A LINE OF SEVERE THUNDERSTORMS WAS LOCATED ALONG A
LINE EXTENDING FROM 6 MILES NORTHWEST OF OKAUCHEE LAKE TO WATERFORD
NORTH...AND MOVING NORTHEAST AT 40 MPH.

HAZARD...60 MPH WIND GUSTS.

SOURCE...RADAR INDICATED.

IMPACT...EXPECT DAMAGE TO ROOFS...SIDING AND TREES.

SEVERE THUNDERSTORMS WILL AFFECT MAINLY RURAL AREAS OF KENOSHA...
NORTHEASTERN JEFFERSON...SOUTHEASTERN DODGE...WAUKESHA AND WESTERN
RACINE COUNTIES.

PRECAUTIONARY/PREPAREDNESS ACTIONS...

A TORNADO WATCH REMAINS IN EFFECT FOR THE WARNED AREA. TORNADOES CAN
DEVELOP QUICKLY FROM SEVERE THUNDERSTORMS. ALTHOUGH ONE IS NOT
IMMEDIATELY LIKELY...IF A TORNADO IS SPOTTED...ACT QUICKLY AND MOVE
TO A PLACE OF SAFETY INSIDE A STURDY STRUCTURE...SUCH AS A BASEMENT
OR SMALL INTERIOR ROOM.

INTENSE SQUALL LINES CAN SOMETIMES PRODUCE BRIEF TORNADOES AND
WIDESPREAD SIGNIFICANT WIND DAMAGE. ALTHOUGH NOT IMMEDIATELY
LIKELY...IT IS BEST TO MOVE TO AN INTERIOR ROOM ON THE LOWEST FLOOR
OF A BUILDING. THIS STORM MAY CAUSE SERIOUS INJURY AND SIGNIFICANT
PROPERTY DAMAGE.

&&

LAT...LON 4249 8781 4251 8825 4284 8830 4316 8866
      4347 8849 4336 8841 4320 8842 4319 8829
      4289 8807 4285 8807 4283 8803 4253 8780
TIME...MOT...LOC 0127Z 229DEG 33KT 4320 8849 4284 8820

HAIL...<.75IN
WIND...60MPH

$$
COLLAR

What forecasters said that day

The local office's own words before this severe thunderstorm warning went out, as it sent them, from the Iowa Environmental Mesonet's archive of National Weather Service text.

NWS Milwaukee, WI wrote its last area forecast discussion before this severe thunderstorm warning went out at May 30, 4:46 PM CDT, 3 hours 3 minutes earlier.

Area forecast discussion, May 30, 4:46 PM CDT, 3 hours 3 minutes before
AREA FORECAST DISCUSSION...CORRECTED
NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE MILWAUKEE/SULLIVAN WI
446 PM CDT THU MAY 30 2013

.SHORT TERM...

.TONIGHT AND FRIDAY...FORECAST CONFIDENCE MEDIUM.

ONGOING SCATTERED CONVECTION WITH MORE DISCRETE-TYPE CELLS
ASSOCIATED WITH A VORT MAX ROTATING AROUND A NEGATIVELY TILTED 500MB
UPPER LOW OVER THE NORTHERN PLAINS...AND ON THE NOSE OF THE 850MB
LOW LEVEL JET. MOST OF THE SEVERE THUNDERSTORM WARNINGS HAVE BEEN
LARGE HAIL AND THE TOKEN DAMAGING WINDS. DECENT LOW LEVEL SHEAR AND
CAPE STILL WARRANTS TORNADO WATCH. WEAK TORNADOES ARE POSSIBLE. THE
STORMS MAY CONGEAL INTO BOWING LINE SEGMENTS LATER THIS AFTERNOON AS
THEY GET INTO SOUTHEAST WI PER THE 17Z HRRR MODEL RUN.

MEANWHILE... A STRONGER VORT MAX CURRENTLY OVER MISSOURI WILL ROLL
ACROSS IOWA AROUND 00Z. STORMS AHEAD OF THIS DISTURBANCE WILL MOST
LIKELY BE IN A LINE/MCS MODE AS IT REACHES NORTHERN IL/SOUTHERN WI.
EXPECTING THIS TO MOVE ACROSS ALL OF THE MKX AREA THIS EVENING.
LATEST 17Z HRRR SPED THIS UP WITH THE LEADING EDGE CLEARING EASTERN
WI BY 03Z...WHILE THE 12Z NAM DELAYS IT OVER THE MKX AREA FROM
03-09Z.

EXPECT A BREAK IN PRECIP LATE TONIGHT INTO FRIDAY MORNING AFTER THIS
SECONDARY ROUND. THEN WE WILL BE IN ANOTHER FAVORABLE SYNOPTIC SETUP
FOR MORE SEVERE STORMS ON FRIDAY. THE 500MB UPPER LOW WILL SHIFT A
LITTLE CLOSER INTO THE EASTERN DAKOTAS AND ANOTHER VORT MAX WILL
SWING INTO SOUTHERN WI AS THE LEFT EXIT REGION OF A 100KT UPPER JET
MOVES THROUGH. CONVECTIVE MODE WILL LIKELY BE A LINE OF STORMS WITH
A SUBTLE COLD-FRONT. DAMAGING WINDS THE MAIN SEVERE THREAT.

ONE UNCERTAINTY WITH FRIDAY THUNDERSTORMS WILL BE THAT THE LINE
COULD FORM IN ILLINOIS AND MOVE EAST AND JUST CLIP SOUTHEAST WI OR
EVEN MISS IT ALL TOGETHER.

FRIDAY NIGHT AND THROUGH SATURDAY...FORECAST CONFIDENCE...MEDIUM
TO HIGH

THE MID/UPPER TROUGH WILL PUSH INTO THE UPPER MISSISSIPPI VALLEY
REGION. THE 250 MB JET MAX INCREASES TO 100 KNOTS ACROSS SOUTHERN
AND NORTHEAST WISCONSIN WITH MODERATE UPPER DIVERGENCE OVER
SOUTHEAST WISCONSIN DURING THE EVENING.

SOUTHERN WISCONSIN WILL REMAIN IN THE WARM SECTOR FRIDAY EVENING
WITH A MID DRY PUNCH OVER MUCH OF THE AREA.  THOUGH THE BEST LOW
LEVEL WIND MAX WILL BE TO THE SOUTH AND EAST...STRONGER STORMS
ARE NOT OUT OF THE QUESTION ESPECIALLY WITH WIND SHEAR A BIT
HIGHER THAN PREVIOUS DAYS. THE CWASP SEVERE PARAMETER IS HIGHEST
ACROSS NORTHEAST ILLINOIS LOWER VALUES EXTENDS CLOSER TO THE UPPER
LOW OVER PORTIONS OF SOUTH CENTRAL WISCONSIN.

WEAKENING LOW PRESSURE WILL FINALLY DRAG A COLD FRONT THROUGH
SOUTHERN WISCONSIN BY SATURDAY NIGHT. NAM FORECAST SOUNDINGS STILL
HAVE 1300 J/KM OF CAPE SATURDAY AFTERNOON IF FORECAST DEW POINTS
ARE NOT TOO HIGH.

.LONG TERM...

SUNDAY THROUGH THURSDAY...FORECAST CONFIDENCE...MEDIUM TO HIGH

MAIN UPPER LEVEL TROUGH AXIS WILL MOVE ACROSS THE WESTERN GREAT LAKES
SATURDAY NIGHT THEN INTO SOUTHERN CANADA ON SUNDAY.

FORECAST SOUNDINGS SHOW MOISTURE TRAPPED BELOW AN INVERSION AROUND
7 THSD FT...SO EXPECT CUMULUS/STRATOCUMULUS SUNDAY.  COOLER AIR IS
EXPECTED TO ARRIVE WITH THE SHORTWAVE.

THE GFS AND ECMWF ARE FAIRLY SIMILAR IN BRINGING ANOTHER UPPER
TROUGH ACROSS THE NORTHERN PLAINS MONDAY NIGHT AND REACHING THE
UPPER MISSISSIPPI VALLEY WEDNESDAY. ON THURSDAY THE GFS BRINGS THE
UPPER TROUGH ACROSS WISCONSIN WITH A BROADER MORE NORTH LOCATION
ON THE 00Z ECMWF.

STILL SOME POTENTIAL OF INSTABILITY SHOWERS SUNDAY BEFORE HIGH
PRESSURE DOMINATES WISCONSIN MONDAY.

BY TUESDAY SHOWERS/THUNDERSTORMS APPROACH THE MISSISSIPPI RIVER AREA
TUESDAY EVENING WITH A CHANCE OF SHOWERS/THUNDERSTORMS WEDNESDAY
AND THURSDAY.

&&

EXPECT GUSTS BETWEEN 25 AND 30 KTS TO PERSIST UNTIL EVENING AS
MIXING CEASES. DISCRETE THUNDERSTORMS WITH SOME PRODUCING LARGE HAIL
MAINLY IN SOUTH CENTRAL WI. EXPECTING STORMS TO CONGEAL AT SOME
POINT AND STRAIGHT-LINE WINDS WILL BECOME THE MAIN THREAT FOR ALL OF
SOUTH CENTRAL AND SOUTHEAST WI. STORMS ARE DEVELOPING RAPIDLY...SO
WATCH THE RADAR CLOSELY FOR NEW DEVELOPMENTS. WEAK TORNADOES ARE
POSSIBLE WITH DECENT LOW-LEVEL ROTATION.

ANOTHER ROUND...A LINE OF THUNDERSTORMS...IS EXPECTED EARLY THIS
EVENING AND THESE WILL LIKELY SPREAD ALL THE WAY ACROSS SOUTHERN WI.
STRAIGHT-LINE WINDS WILL BE THE MAIN SEVERE WEATHER THREAT.

AFTER A BREAK LATE TONIGHT/EARLY FRIDAY...EXPECT A LINE OF
THUNDERSTORMS TO DEVELOP ALONG A WEAK COLD FRONT SOMEWHERE IN IA/IL
AND TRACK ENE MIDDAY FRIDAY. THESE MAY SWEEP ACROSS ALL OF SOUTHERN
WI OR JUST CLIP SOUTHEAST WI. STAY TUNED TO THE FORECAST FOR THIS
ONE.

&&

.MARINE...

GUSTY SOUTH WINDS DUE TO MIXING OVER THE LAND WILL AFFECT SHORELINE
NEARSHORE AREAS UNTIL THIS EVENING. WINDS WILL BE LESS GUSTY TOWARD
THE OPEN WATERS. HOWEVER...THE TIGHT PRESSURE GRADIENT OVER THE LAKE
WILL ALLOW SUSTAINED WINDS TO BE IN THE 15 TO 20 KNOT RANGE TODAY
AND TONIGHT. STABLE AIR DOWN AT LAKE LEVEL WILL KEEP WAVES FROM
RESPONDING TOO MUCH TO THE GUSTY WINDS.

THUNDERSTORMS EXPECTED THIS EVENING AND AGAIN FRIDAY MIDDAY AND
AGAIN SOMETIME ON SATURDAY.

&&

.MKX WATCHES/WARNINGS/ADVISORIES...
WI...NONE.
LM...NONE.
&&

TONIGHT/FRIDAY AND AVIATION/MARINE...MRC
FRIDAY NIGHT THROUGH THURSDAY...HENTZ
Hazardous weather outlook, May 30, 3:35 PM CDT, 4 hours 14 minutes before
HAZARDOUS WEATHER OUTLOOK
NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE MILWAUKEE/SULLIVAN WI
335 PM CDT THU MAY 30 2013

WIZ046-047-051-052-056>060-062>072-312045-
MARQUETTE-GREEN LAKE-FOND DU LAC-SHEBOYGAN-SAUK-COLUMBIA-DODGE-
WASHINGTON-OZAUKEE-IOWA-DANE-JEFFERSON-WAUKESHA-MILWAUKEE-
LAFAYETTE-GREEN-ROCK-WALWORTH-RACINE-KENOSHA-
335 PM CDT THU MAY 30 2013

THIS HAZARDOUS WEATHER OUTLOOK IS FOR PORTIONS OF EAST CENTRAL
WISCONSIN...SOUTH CENTRAL WISCONSIN AND SOUTHEAST WISCONSIN.

.DAY ONE...TONIGHT

THUNDERSTORMS ARE LIKELY THROUGH THIS EVENING. SOME OF THE
THUNDERSTORMS MAY BE SEVERE. WINDS AND HAIL ARE THE PRIMARY
THREAT...BUT AN ISOLATED TORNADO IS POSSIBLE OVER SOUTH CENTRAL
WISCONSIN INTO THE EARLY EVENING. THE STORMS WILL BE CAPABLE OF
PRODUCING BRIEF HEAVY RAIN...ALONG WITH THE POTENTIAL OF LOCALIZED
URBAN AND LOW LYING FLOODING.

.DAYS TWO THROUGH SEVEN...FRIDAY THROUGH THURSDAY

SOUTHERN WISCONSIN WILL BE IN THE WARM SECTOR AHEAD OF A LOW OVER
THE DAKOTAS AND MINNESOTA THROUGH SATURDAY. THIS WILL RESULT IN
MORE THUNDERSTORMS. SOME OF THESE STORMS COULD BE SEVERE...
ESPECIALLY FRIDAY AFTERNOON AND EVENING.

THERE IS A CHANCE FOR THUNDERSTORMS AGAIN ON TUESDAY NIGHT INTO
THURSDAY.

.SPOTTER INFORMATION STATEMENT...

SPOTTER ACTIVATION HAS BEEN ACTIVATED INTO THIS EVENING AND MAY BE
NEEDED AGAIN FRIDAY AFTERNOON AND FRIDAY EVENING.

LMZ643>646-312045-
SHEBOYGAN TO PORT WASHINGTON WI-
PORT WASHINGTON TO NORTH POINT LIGHT WI-
NORTH POINT LIGHT TO WIND POINT WI-
WIND POINT WI TO WINTHROP HARBOR IL-
335 PM CDT THU MAY 30 2013

THIS HAZARDOUS WEATHER OUTLOOK IS FOR PORTIONS OF LAKE MICHIGAN.

.DAY ONE...TONIGHT

SOUTH WINDS WILL APPROACH SMALL CRAFT ADVISORY LEVELS INTO THE
EARLY EVENING.

THUNDERSTORMS ARE LIKELY THROUGH THE EVENING AND MAY BE SEVERE.

.DAYS TWO THROUGH SEVEN...FRIDAY THROUGH THURSDAY

THERE WILL BE A CHANCE OF THUNDERSTORMS THROUGH SATURDAY. SOME OF
THESE MAY BE SEVERE ESPECIALLY FRIDAY AFTERNOON AND EVENING.

THERE IS A CHANCE FOR THUNDERSTORMS AGAIN TUESDAY NIGHT AND
WEDNESDAY.

HENTZ

WWW.WEATHER.GOV/MKX

In the hours before

Local storm report, May 30, 7:28 PM CDT, 21 minutes before
PRELIMINARY LOCAL STORM REPORT
NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE MILWAUKEE/SULLIVAN WI
728 PM CDT THU MAY 30 2013

..TIME...   ...EVENT...      ...CITY LOCATION...     ...LAT.LON...
..DATE...   ....MAG....      ..COUNTY LOCATION..ST.. ...SOURCE....
            ..REMARKS..

0332 PM     TSTM WND DMG     HILL POINT              43.42N 90.11W
05/30/2013                   SAUK               WI   LAW ENFORCEMENT

            A COUPLE TREES DOWN IN THE HILL POINT AREA. TIME
            ESTIMATED FROM RADAR.

0650 PM     TSTM WND GST     ALBANY                  42.71N 89.44W
05/30/2013  M60.00 MPH       GREEN              WI   MESONET

            ALBANY SCHOOL MESO SITE. ALSO TREES DOWN ALL OVER MONROE
            TO ALBANY.

&&

ET
Special weather statement, May 30, 7:28 PM CDT, 21 minutes before
SPECIAL WEATHER STATEMENT
NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE MILWAUKEE/SULLIVAN WI
728 PM CDT THU MAY 30 2013

WIZ051-052-059-310130-
FOND DU LAC-SHEBOYGAN-WASHINGTON-
728 PM CDT THU MAY 30 2013

...STRONG THUNDERSTORM MOVING INTO SHEBOYGAN COUNTY...

AT 724 PM CDT...NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE DOPPLER RADAR INDICATED A
STRONG THUNDERSTORM NEAR KEWASKUM...MOVING NORTHEAST AT 35 MPH.

PEA SIZE HAIL...WINDS UP TO 50 MPH...FREQUENT CLOUD TO GROUND
LIGHTNING...BRIEF HEAVY DOWNPOURS...ARE POSSIBLE WITH THIS STORM.

* THE THUNDERSTORM WILL BE NEAR...
  6 MILES NORTHWEST OF PLYMOUTH BY 800 PM CDT...
  ELKHART LAKE BY 805 PM CDT...

GUSTY WINDS MAY CAUSE SMALL BRANCHES TO BE BLOWN DOWN...AND LOOSE
OBJECTS TO BLOW AROUND. STAY AWAY FROM HIGH OBJECTS OUTDOORS SUCH AS
TREES. SEEK SHELTER IN A STURDY STRUCTURE UNTIL THIS STORM HAS
PASSED.

HENTZ
Local storm report, May 30, 7:32 PM CDT, 17 minutes before
PRELIMINARY LOCAL STORM REPORT
NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE MILWAUKEE/SULLIVAN WI
732 PM CDT THU MAY 30 2013

..TIME...   ...EVENT...      ...CITY LOCATION...     ...LAT.LON...
..DATE...   ....MAG....      ..COUNTY LOCATION..ST.. ...SOURCE....
            ..REMARKS..

0715 PM     TSTM WND GST     7 SW MADISON            43.01N 89.48W
05/30/2013  E60 MPH          DANE               WI   TRAINED SPOTTER

            ESTIMATED 60 MPH WIND GUST.

&&

ET
Local storm report, May 30, 7:40 PM CDT, 9 minutes before
PRELIMINARY LOCAL STORM REPORT
NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE MILWAUKEE/SULLIVAN WI
740 PM CDT THU MAY 30 2013

..TIME...   ...EVENT...      ...CITY LOCATION...     ...LAT.LON...
..DATE...   ....MAG....      ..COUNTY LOCATION..ST.. ...SOURCE....
            ..REMARKS..

0724 PM     TSTM WND DMG     3 SW OREGON             42.90N 89.42W
05/30/2013                   DANE               WI   PUBLIC

            TREE BRANCHES GREATER THAN 3 INCHES IN DIAMETER SNAPPED.

0730 PM     TSTM WND DMG     COTTAGE GROVE           43.08N 89.20W
05/30/2013                   DANE               WI   PUBLIC

            POWER POLE AND WIRES DOWN WITH SPARKING.

0730 PM     TSTM WND DMG     3 W COTTAGE GROVE       43.08N 89.26W
05/30/2013                   DANE               WI   PUBLIC

            TREE AND POWER LINES DOWN.

&&

ET
Local storm report, May 30, 7:47 PM CDT, 2 minutes before
PRELIMINARY LOCAL STORM REPORT...CORRECTED
NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE MILWAUKEE/SULLIVAN WI
747 PM CDT THU MAY 30 2013

..TIME...   ...EVENT...      ...CITY LOCATION...     ...LAT.LON...
..DATE...   ....MAG....      ..COUNTY LOCATION..ST.. ...SOURCE....
            ..REMARKS..

0724 PM     TSTM WND DMG     3 SW OREGON             42.90N 89.42W
05/30/2013                   DANE               WI   AMATEUR RADIO

            TREE BRANCHES GREATER THAN 3 INCHES IN DIAMETER SNAPPED.

&&

ET
Local storm report, May 30, 7:49 PM CDT, 0 minutes before
PRELIMINARY LOCAL STORM REPORT...SUMMARY
NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE MILWAUKEE/SULLIVAN WI
749 PM CDT THU MAY 30 2013

..TIME...   ...EVENT...      ...CITY LOCATION...     ...LAT.LON...
..DATE...   ....MAG....      ..COUNTY LOCATION..ST.. ...SOURCE....
            ..REMARKS..

0122 PM     HAIL             TOKEN CREEK             43.19N 89.29W
05/30/2013  M1.00 INCH       DANE               WI   PUBLIC

0128 PM     HAIL             MADISON TRUAX AIRPORT   43.14N 89.33W
05/30/2013  M0.25 INCH       DANE               WI   CO-OP OBSERVER

0146 PM     HAIL             1 N SUN PRAIRIE         43.20N 89.23W
05/30/2013  M0.25 INCH       DANE               WI   TRAINED SPOTTER

            WIND SPEED ESTIMATED AT 55 MPH

0208 PM     TSTM WND DMG     3 SE RANDOLPH           43.51N 88.96W
05/30/2013                   DODGE              WI   911 CALL CENTER

            TREE DOWN IN TOWN OF WESTFORD ON HICKORY POINT ROAD. TIME
            ESTIMATED.

0208 PM     TSTM WND DMG     RANDOLPH                43.54N 89.00W
05/30/2013                   DODGE              WI   911 CALL CENTER

            TREE DOWN IN THE CITY OF RANDOLPH ON COLUMBUS ST. TIME
            ESTIMATED.

0235 PM     TSTM WND DMG     ROSENDALE               43.81N 88.68W
05/30/2013                   FOND DU LAC        WI   TRAINED SPOTTER

            SMALL DIAMETER TREES ACROSS ROSENDALE...TIME ESTIMATED
            FROM RADAR. REPORT RECEIVED FROM SPOTTERNETWORK.ORG.

0323 PM     TSTM WND DMG     3 WSW YELLOWSTONE LAKE  42.75N 90.04W
05/30/2013                   LAFAYETTE          WI   911 CALL CENTER

            TREE DOWN ON POWERLINE IN FAYETTE TOWNSHIP. TIME
            ESTIMATED.

0332 PM     TSTM WND DMG     HILL POINT              43.42N 90.11W
05/30/2013                   SAUK               WI   LAW ENFORCEMENT

            A COUPLE TREES DOWN IN THE HILL POINT AREA. TIME
            ESTIMATED FROM RADAR.

0529 PM     HAIL             STOUGHTON               42.92N 89.22W
05/30/2013  M0.25 INCH       DANE               WI   LAW ENFORCEMENT

            PEA SIZE HAIL ACCUMULATING ENOUGH TO CAUSE HAZARDOUS
            TRAVEL CONDITIONS.

0543 PM     TSTM WND GST     4 ESE CAMBRIDGE         42.98N 88.94W
05/30/2013  E50.00 MPH       JEFFERSON          WI   TRAINED SPOTTER

            4 INCH LIMB DAMAGE. TIME ESTIMATED.

0610 PM     TSTM WND GST     FALL RIVER              43.39N 89.05W
05/30/2013  E65.00 MPH       COLUMBIA           WI   TRAINED SPOTTER

            THUNDERSTORM WIND GUSTS 60 TO 65 MPH.

0635 PM     TSTM WND GST     MONROE AIRPORT          42.62N 89.59W
05/30/2013  M53.00 MPH       GREEN              WI   AWOS

            39 MPH GUSTING TO 53 MPH.

0639 PM     TSTM WND GST     JUDA                    42.59N 89.51W
05/30/2013  M60.00 MPH       GREEN              WI   TRAINED SPOTTER

            AT LEAST TWO LARGE TREES DAMAGED/DOWN ALONG MAIN STREET
            IN JUDA. VERY LARGE BRANCH DROPPED IN PARKING LOT...
            ANOTHER TREE DOWN AND BLOCKING MAIN STREET. TIME
            ESTIMATED FROM RADAR.

0650 PM     TSTM WND GST     ALBANY                  42.71N 89.44W
05/30/2013  M60.00 MPH       GREEN              WI   MESONET

            ALBANY SCHOOL MESO SITE. ALSO TREES DOWN ALL OVER MONROE
            TO ALBANY.

0651 PM     TSTM WND GST     FOND DU LAC AIRPORT     43.77N 88.49W
05/30/2013  M49.00 MPH       FOND DU LAC        WI   ASOS

            37 MPH GUSTING TO 49 MPH.

0705 PM     FUNNEL CLOUD     JANESVILLE              42.68N 89.02W
05/30/2013                   ROCK               WI   TRAINED SPOTTER

            LOOKING W AND WNW

0715 PM     TSTM WND GST     7 SW MADISON            43.01N 89.48W
05/30/2013  E60.00 MPH       DANE               WI   TRAINED SPOTTER

            ESTIMATED 60 MPH WIND GUST.

0724 PM     TSTM WND DMG     3 SW OREGON             42.90N 89.42W
05/30/2013                   DANE               WI   AMATEUR RADIO

            TREE BRANCHES GREATER THAN 3 INCHES IN DIAMETER SNAPPED.

0730 PM     TSTM WND DMG     3 W COTTAGE GROVE       43.08N 89.26W
05/30/2013                   DANE               WI   PUBLIC

            TREE AND POWER LINES DOWN.

0730 PM     TSTM WND DMG     COTTAGE GROVE           43.08N 89.20W
05/30/2013                   DANE               WI   PUBLIC

            POWER POLE AND WIRES DOWN WITH SPARKING.

&&

ET

The office that day

Everything else NWS Milwaukee, WI issued on the same UTC day.

IssuedProductOfficeCountiesLasted
May 30, 7:01 PM CDTSevere Thunderstorm WarningMKXDane, Jefferson44 min
May 30, 7:15 PM CDTSevere Thunderstorm WarningMKXRock, Walworth45 min
May 30, 7:35 PM CDTSevere Thunderstorm WarningMKXColumbia, Dane, Dodge, Jefferson40 min
May 30, 7:51 PM CDTSpecial Marine WarningMKX114 min
May 30, 8:12 PM CDTSevere Thunderstorm WarningMKXDodge, Fond du Lac48 min
May 30, 8:29 PM CDTSevere Thunderstorm WarningMKXDodge, Fond du Lac, Milwaukee, Ozaukee, Washington, Waukesha46 min
May 30, 8:48 PM CDTSevere Thunderstorm WarningMKXFond du Lac, Sheboygan57 min
May 30, 8:53 PM CDTSevere Thunderstorm WarningMKXFond du Lac, Ozaukee, Sheboygan, Washington67 min
May 31, 7:44 AM CDTMarine Dense Fog AdvisoryMKX8 hr

Nearby

Severe Thunderstorm Warnings in Wisconsin, 2013Every severe thunderstorm warning in 2013

Sources

The product and its follow-ups from the Iowa Environmental Mesonet's archive of National Weather Service and Storm Prediction Center text; local storm reports from the same archive; the sounding from the Mesonet's radiosonde archive; radar from the NEXRAD Level II archive.