Alert archive / Pennsylvania / Severe Thunderstorm Watches in 2012

Severe Thunderstorm Watch 491

July 18, 20127 states

The Storm Prediction Center issued this severe thunderstorm watch at Jul 18, 2012, 12:41 PM EDT for 7 states. It was in force for 8 hr.

The area

The outline as issued.

The facts

Issued
Jul 18, 2012, 12:41 PM EDT (16:41 UTC)
Expired
Jul 18, 2012, 9:00 PM EDT
In force
8 hr
Issued by
the Storm Prediction Center
Largest hail expected
1.5 in
Strongest gust expected
60 kt
All 122 counties

Kent County, DE, New Castle County, DE, Sussex County, DE, Allegany County, MD, Anne Arundel County, MD, Baltimore County, MD, Calvert County, MD, Caroline County, MD, Carroll County, MD, Cecil County, MD, Charles County, MD, City of Baltimore, MD, Frederick County, MD, Harford County, MD, Howard County, MD, Kent County, MD, Montgomery County, MD, Prince George's County, MD, Queen Anne's County, MD, Saint Mary's County, MD, Talbot County, MD, Washington County, MD, Atlantic County, NJ, Burlington County, NJ, Camden County, NJ, Cape May County, NJ, Cumberland County, NJ, Gloucester County, NJ, Hunterdon County, NJ, Mercer County, NJ, Middlesex County, NJ, Monmouth County, NJ, Morris County, NJ, Ocean County, NJ, Salem County, NJ, Somerset County, NJ, Sussex County, NJ, Warren County, NJ, Sullivan County, NY, Adams County, PA, Bedford County, PA, Berks County, PA, Blair County, PA, Bucks County, PA, Cambria County, PA, Carbon County, PA, Centre County, PA, Chester County, PA, Clearfield County, PA, Clinton County, PA, Columbia County, PA, Cumberland County, PA, Dauphin County, PA, Delaware County, PA, Franklin County, PA, Fulton County, PA, Huntingdon County, PA, Juniata County, PA, Lackawanna County, PA, Lancaster County, PA, Lebanon County, PA, Lehigh County, PA, Luzerne County, PA, Lycoming County, PA, Mifflin County, PA, Monroe County, PA, Montgomery County, PA, Montour County, PA, Northampton County, PA, Northumberland County, PA, Perry County, PA, Philadelphia County, PA, Pike County, PA, Schuylkill County, PA, Snyder County, PA, Somerset County, PA, Sullivan County, PA, Union County, PA, Wayne County, PA, Wyoming County, PA, York County, PA, Albemarle County, VA, Arlington County, VA, Augusta County, VA, City of Alexandria, VA, City of Charlottesville, VA, City of Fairfax, VA, City of Falls Church, VA, City of Fredericksburg, VA, City of Harrisonburg, VA, City of Manassas, VA, City of Staunton, VA, City of Waynesboro, VA, City of Winchester, VA, Clarke County, VA, Culpeper County, VA, Fairfax County, VA, Fauquier County, VA, Frederick County, VA, Greene County, VA, Highland County, VA, King George County, VA, Loudoun County, VA, Madison County, VA, Nelson County, VA, Orange County, VA, Page County, VA, Prince William County, VA, Rappahannock County, VA, Rockingham County, VA, Shenandoah County, VA, Spotsylvania County, VA, Stafford County, VA, Warren County, VA, Berkeley County, WV, Grant County, WV, Hampshire County, WV, Hardy County, WV, Jefferson County, WV, Mineral County, WV, Morgan County, WV, Pendleton County, WV

The radar

The Sterling radar (KLWX), 71 km from the middle of the area, began a volume at 16:42 UTC, the scan nearest the moment this went out.

Open the radar archive at this moment

The archived warnings, watches and discussions in force at that minute are drawn over the scan, this one among them.

What SPC expected

The probabilities SPC published with the watch, for the watch area over its life.

Two or more tornadoes
20%
One or more EF2 to EF5 tornadoes
5%
Ten or more severe wind reports
30%
One or more gusts of 65 knots or more
30%
Ten or more severe hail reports
30%
One or more hailstones of 2 inches or more
20%
Six or more combined severe hail and wind reports
80%

Warnings issued inside it

64 tornado, severe thunderstorm and flash flood warnings for its counties while it was in force.

IssuedProductOfficeCountiesLasted
Jul 18, 12:45 PM EDTSevere Thunderstorm WarningCTPCumberland, Juniata, Mifflin, Perry60 min
Jul 18, 1:02 PM EDTSevere Thunderstorm WarningPHISussex34 min
Jul 18, 1:09 PM EDTSevere Thunderstorm WarningCTPNorthumberland, Schuylkill66 min
Jul 18, 1:12 PM EDTSevere Thunderstorm WarningCTPBedford, Blair, Fulton, Huntingdon63 min
Jul 18, 1:15 PM EDTSevere Thunderstorm WarningCTPBedford, Somerset75 min
Jul 18, 1:15 PM EDTSevere Thunderstorm WarningLWXPage, Rockingham, Shenandoah45 min
Jul 18, 1:19 PM EDTSevere Thunderstorm WarningLWXClarke, Frederick, Shenandoah, Warren, City of Winchester41 min
Jul 18, 1:20 PM EDTSevere Thunderstorm WarningCTPCentre, Clinton, Lycoming, Northumberland, Snyder, Union70 min
Jul 18, 1:34 PM EDTSevere Thunderstorm WarningLWXClarke, Frederick41 min
Jul 18, 1:35 PM EDTSevere Thunderstorm WarningCTPCumberland, Dauphin, Perry, York70 min
Jul 18, 1:37 PM EDTSevere Thunderstorm WarningBGMLuzerne, Wyoming68 min
Jul 18, 1:40 PM EDTSevere Thunderstorm WarningCTPDauphin, Lancaster, Lebanon80 min
Jul 18, 1:42 PM EDTSevere Thunderstorm WarningLWXFrederick, Shenandoah, Warren48 min
Jul 18, 1:47 PM EDTTornado WarningBGMLuzerne, Wyoming30 min
Jul 18, 1:47 PM EDTSevere Thunderstorm WarningLWXGrant, Hampshire, Hardy, Mineral43 min
Jul 18, 1:49 PM EDTSevere Thunderstorm WarningPHISussex26 min
Jul 18, 2:04 PM EDTSevere Thunderstorm WarningLWXWashington41 min
Jul 18, 2:12 PM EDTSevere Thunderstorm WarningPHIBerks48 min
Jul 18, 2:13 PM EDTSevere Thunderstorm WarningLWXFrederick, Shenandoah, Warren47 min
Jul 18, 2:14 PM EDTSevere Thunderstorm WarningBGMLackawanna, Luzerne61 min
Jul 18, 2:16 PM EDTSevere Thunderstorm WarningCTPAdams, Cumberland, York74 min
Jul 18, 2:18 PM EDTSevere Thunderstorm WarningCTPAdams, Cumberland, Franklin72 min
Jul 18, 2:28 PM EDTSevere Thunderstorm WarningBGMLuzerne50 min
Jul 18, 2:32 PM EDTSevere Thunderstorm WarningBGMLackawanna28 min
Jul 18, 2:37 PM EDTSevere Thunderstorm WarningCTPAdams, Cumberland, Dauphin, Lancaster, Lebanon, York83 min
Jul 18, 2:37 PM EDTSevere Thunderstorm WarningLWXFrederick, Shenandoah38 min
Jul 18, 2:46 PM EDTSevere Thunderstorm WarningPHIMiddlesex29 min
Jul 18, 2:50 PM EDTSevere Thunderstorm WarningLWXWashington40 min
Jul 18, 2:51 PM EDTSevere Thunderstorm WarningLWXBerkeley, Morgan39 min
Jul 18, 2:56 PM EDTFlash Flood WarningLWXFrederick, Shenandoah94 min
Jul 18, 2:57 PM EDTSevere Thunderstorm WarningLWXCarroll, Frederick, Washington48 min
Jul 18, 3:10 PM EDTSevere Thunderstorm WarningLWXFrederick, City of Winchester50 min
Jul 18, 3:13 PM EDTSevere Thunderstorm WarningPHIHunterdon, Warren47 min
Jul 18, 3:15 PM EDTSevere Thunderstorm WarningLWXCarroll, Frederick45 min
Jul 18, 3:18 PM EDTSevere Thunderstorm WarningCTPAdams, Lancaster, York57 min
Jul 18, 3:20 PM EDTSevere Thunderstorm WarningLWXAllegany40 min
Jul 18, 3:22 PM EDTSevere Thunderstorm WarningCTPBedford, Cambria, Somerset53 min
Jul 18, 3:24 PM EDTSevere Thunderstorm WarningLWXFrederick, Washington30 min
Jul 18, 3:25 PM EDTSevere Thunderstorm WarningPHIMorris, Sussex65 min
Jul 18, 3:26 PM EDTSevere Thunderstorm WarningPHIHunterdon, Morris, Warren49 min
Jul 18, 3:40 PM EDTSevere Thunderstorm WarningCTPCentre, Clinton, Snyder, Union51 min
Jul 18, 3:51 PM EDTSevere Thunderstorm WarningPHIBerks, Chester, Montgomery28 min
Jul 18, 3:52 PM EDTFlash Flood WarningPHIWarren113 min
Jul 18, 3:59 PM EDTFlash Flood WarningPHIMorris, Sussex107 min
Jul 18, 4:05 PM EDTSevere Thunderstorm WarningLWXAugusta, Highland, Rockingham40 min
Jul 18, 4:19 PM EDTSevere Thunderstorm WarningLWXAnne Arundel, Montgomery, Prince George's41 min
Jul 18, 4:19 PM EDTSevere Thunderstorm WarningCTPLancaster, York56 min
Jul 18, 4:28 PM EDTSevere Thunderstorm WarningPHIHunterdon32 min
Jul 18, 4:29 PM EDTSevere Thunderstorm WarningLWXAnne Arundel, Howard, Montgomery, Prince George's46 min
Jul 18, 4:30 PM EDTSevere Thunderstorm WarningPHIMiddlesex, Morris, Somerset45 min
Jul 18, 4:53 PM EDTSevere Thunderstorm WarningLWXAnne Arundel, Howard, Montgomery, Prince George's52 min
Jul 18, 5:00 PM EDTFlash Flood WarningLWXMontgomery, Prince George's96 min
Jul 18, 5:02 PM EDTSevere Thunderstorm WarningLWXPrince George's20 min
Jul 18, 5:19 PM EDTSevere Thunderstorm WarningPHIMonmouth41 min
Jul 18, 5:27 PM EDTSevere Thunderstorm WarningLWXAugusta, Rockingham, City of Harrisonburg30 min
Jul 18, 5:29 PM EDTFlash Flood WarningLWXRockingham2 hr
Jul 18, 5:35 PM EDTSevere Thunderstorm WarningPHIKent, Queen Anne's25 min
Jul 18, 6:01 PM EDTSevere Thunderstorm WarningPHIKent, New Castle17 min
Jul 18, 6:06 PM EDTSevere Thunderstorm WarningPHICaroline, Kent, Queen Anne's, Talbot39 min
Jul 18, 6:23 PM EDTSevere Thunderstorm WarningPHIKent37 min
Jul 18, 6:34 PM EDTSevere Thunderstorm WarningLWXAugusta, Highland, Rockingham, Shenandoah41 min
Jul 18, 6:57 PM EDTSevere Thunderstorm WarningPHIKent17 min
Jul 18, 7:15 PM EDTSevere Thunderstorm WarningLWXAugusta, Highland, Rockingham45 min
Jul 18, 7:40 PM EDTFlash Flood WarningLWXPendleton100 min

Discussions around it

SPC mesoscale discussions over the same counties from four hours before the watch to its end.

The nearest sounding before it

Washington/Dulle, VA (KIAD), launched 12:00Z, 4.7 hours before the alert went out and 70 km from the middle of its area. This is the routine balloon launch nearest before it, the air the forecaster had in hand, not a measurement taken for the alert.

Skew-T log-pSkew-T log-p diagram, Washington/Dulle, VA at 12:00Z on 2012-07-18Temperature and dew point through the depth of the atmosphere, with the mixed-layer parcel. CAPE 1864 joules per kilogram.LCLLFCEL10008507005003002001001 km2 km3 km6 km9 km12 km15 km-30°-20°-10°0°10°20°30°40°
Temperature in red, dew point in green, the mixed-layer parcel dashed.
HodographHodograph, Washington/Dulle, VA at 12:00Z on 2012-07-18The wind through the lowest 10 kilometers. Zero to 1 km storm-relative helicity 38 square meters per square second.1939Sfc1 km3 km6 km9 kmRMLM
The wind turning with height, colored by layer: ground to 1 km, 1 to 3 km, 3 to 6 km, 6 to 10 km.
Mixed-layer CAPE
1864 J/kg
Mixed-layer CIN
-91 J/kg
Mixed-layer LCL
1438 m above ground
0-6 km bulk shear
14 kt
0-1 km storm-relative helicity
38 m²/s²
0-3 km storm-relative helicity
13 m²/s²
Significant tornado parameter
0.0
Supercell composite
0.0

Open this sounding in Storm Lab

The text

As transmitted, in the capitals the NWS used until 2016.

990 
WWUS20 KWNS 181642
SEL1
SPC WW 181642
DCZ000-DEZ000-MDZ000-NJZ000-NYZ000-PAZ000-VAZ000-WVZ000-CWZ000-19010
0-

URGENT - IMMEDIATE BROADCAST REQUESTED
SEVERE THUNDERSTORM WATCH NUMBER 491
NWS STORM PREDICTION CENTER NORMAN OK
1245 PM EDT WED JUL 18 2012

THE NWS STORM PREDICTION CENTER HAS ISSUED A
SEVERE THUNDERSTORM WATCH FOR PORTIONS OF

       DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA
       DELAWARE
       MARYLAND
       NEW JERSEY
       SOUTHEAST NEW YORK
       CENTRAL AND EASTERN PENNSYLVANIA
       NORTHERN VIRGINIA
       EASTERN WEST VIRGINIA PANHANDLE
       COASTAL WATERS

EFFECTIVE THIS WEDNESDAY AFTERNOON AND EVENING FROM 1245 PM UNTIL
900 PM EDT.

HAIL TO 1.5 INCHES IN DIAMETER...THUNDERSTORM WIND GUSTS TO 70
MPH...AND DANGEROUS LIGHTNING ARE POSSIBLE IN THESE AREAS.

THE SEVERE THUNDERSTORM WATCH AREA IS APPROXIMATELY ALONG AND 80
STATUTE MILES EAST AND WEST OF A LINE FROM 55 MILES EAST OF
STAUNTON VIRGINIA TO 25 MILES EAST NORTHEAST OF WILKESBARRE
PENNSYLVANIA.  FOR A COMPLETE DEPICTION OF THE WATCH SEE THE
ASSOCIATED WATCH OUTLINE UPDATE (WOUS64 KWNS WOU1).

REMEMBER...A SEVERE THUNDERSTORM WATCH MEANS CONDITIONS ARE
FAVORABLE FOR SEVERE THUNDERSTORMS IN AND CLOSE TO THE WATCH
AREA. PERSONS IN THESE AREAS SHOULD BE ON THE LOOKOUT FOR
THREATENING WEATHER CONDITIONS AND LISTEN FOR LATER STATEMENTS
AND POSSIBLE WARNINGS. SEVERE THUNDERSTORMS CAN AND OCCASIONALLY
DO PRODUCE TORNADOES.

OTHER WATCH INFORMATION...CONTINUE...WW 490...

DISCUSSION...TSTMS ARE EXPECTED TO INCREASE IN COVERAGE AND
INTENSITY THIS AFTERNOON AHEAD OF COLD FRONT AND LEE TROUGH.
AMBIENT WARM SECTOR IS HOT AND HUMID WITH MLCAPE VALUES OF
2000-3000+ J/KG.  WHEN COUPLED WITH STEEPENING LOW-LEVEL LAPSE RATES
AND HIGH PW VALUES...SETUP WILL FAVOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF INTENSE WET
MICROBURSTS CAPABLE OF DAMAGING WINDS.

AVIATION...A FEW SEVERE THUNDERSTORMS WITH HAIL SURFACE AND ALOFT
TO 1.5 INCHES. EXTREME TURBULENCE AND SURFACE WIND GUSTS TO 60
KNOTS. A FEW CUMULONIMBI WITH MAXIMUM TOPS TO 500. MEAN STORM
MOTION VECTOR 31020.


...MEAD

SPC that day

Everything else SPC issued on the same UTC day.

IssuedProductOfficeCountiesLasted
Jul 18, 3:44 PM EDTMesoscale DiscussionSPCKent, New Castle, Sussex91 min
Jul 18, 1:16 PM EDTSevere Thunderstorm WatchSPCGarrett8 hr
Jul 18, 10:25 AM EDTMesoscale DiscussionSPCBergen, Burlington, Camden, Essex, Gloucester, Hudson and 11 more2 hr
Jul 18, 12:20 PM EDTSevere Thunderstorm WatchSPCBergen, Essex, Hudson, Passaic, Union9 hr
Jul 18, 2:46 PM EDTMesoscale DiscussionSPCBergen, Hudson89 min
Jul 18, 4:50 PM EDTMesoscale DiscussionSPCDutchess, Nassau, Putnam, Suffolk, Westchester85 min
Jul 18, 12:54 PM EDTMesoscale DiscussionSPCAllegheny, Beaver, Greene, Lawrence, Washington2 hr
Jul 18, 4:21 PM EDTMesoscale DiscussionSPCGreene, Washington84 min

Nearby

Severe Thunderstorm Watches in Pennsylvania, 2012Severe Thunderstorm Watches in Virginia, 2012Severe Thunderstorm Watches in Maryland, 2012Every severe thunderstorm watch in 2012

Sources

The product and its follow-ups from the Iowa Environmental Mesonet's archive of National Weather Service and Storm Prediction Center text; the sounding from the Mesonet's radiosonde archive; radar from the NEXRAD Level II archive.