Alert archive / Nebraska / Severe Thunderstorm Warnings in 2012
Severe Thunderstorm Warning 164, NWS Omaha, NE
NWS Omaha, NE issued this severe thunderstorm warning at May 27, 2012, 6:48 PM CDT for 5 counties in Nebraska. It was in force for 57 min. 1 report came from inside the area while it was in force.
The area
The outline as issued, with what was reported inside it.
The facts
- Issued
- May 27, 2012, 6:48 PM CDT (23:48 UTC)
- Expired
- May 27, 2012, 7:45 PM CDT
- In force
- 57 min
- Issued by
- NWS Omaha, NE
- Area
- Storm-based polygon
- Hail
- 1.5 in
- Wind
- 60.0 mph
Counties Butler County, NE, Lancaster County, NE, Saline County, NE, Saunders County, NE, Seward County, NE
The radar
The Omaha radar (KOAX), 77 km from the middle of the area, began a volume at 23:51 UTC, the scan nearest the moment this went out.
Open the radar archive at this moment
The archived warnings, watches and discussions in force at that minute are drawn over the scan, this one among them.
What was reported inside it
| Time | Report | Where | Remark |
|---|---|---|---|
| May 27, 7:25 PM CDT | HAIL 1.25 | 2 Ese Seward, NE |
Local storm reports filed while the alert was in force, from inside its polygon or its counties.
Did it verify
Verified. The Iowa Environmental Mesonet's Cow matched one storm report to this severe thunderstorm warning; the first came 37 minutes after it went out.
Cow counts a report within 15 km of the polygon while the warning was in force: a tornado for a tornado warning; hail of 1 inch or more, a gust of 58 mph or more or wind damage for a severe thunderstorm warning; a flash flood report for a flash flood warning.
The watch it was issued in
The SPC watch in force over the same counties when this warning went out.
| Issued | Product | Office | Lasted |
|---|---|---|---|
| May 27, 3:42 PM CDT | Severe Thunderstorm Watch | SPC | 8 hr |
The nearest sounding before it
Omaha, NE (KOAX), launched 12:00Z, 11.8 hours before the alert went out and 77 km from the middle of its area. This is the routine balloon launch nearest before it, the air the forecaster had in hand, not a measurement taken for the alert.
- Mixed-layer CAPE
- 1034 J/kg
- Mixed-layer CIN
- -295 J/kg
- Mixed-layer LCL
- 1208 m above ground
- 0-6 km bulk shear
- 34 kt
- 0-1 km storm-relative helicity
- 222 m²/s²
- 0-3 km storm-relative helicity
- 245 m²/s²
- Significant tornado parameter
- 0.0
- Supercell composite
- 0.0
The text
As transmitted, in the capitals the NWS used until 2016.
266 WUUS53 KOAX 272348 SVROAX NEC023-109-151-155-159-280045- /O.NEW.KOAX.SV.W.0164.120527T2348Z-120528T0045Z/ BULLETIN - IMMEDIATE BROADCAST REQUESTED SEVERE THUNDERSTORM WARNING NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE OMAHA/VALLEY NEBRASKA 648 PM CDT SUN MAY 27 2012 THE NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE IN OMAHA HAS ISSUED A * SEVERE THUNDERSTORM WARNING FOR... EXTREME SOUTHEASTERN BUTLER COUNTY IN EAST CENTRAL NEBRASKA... LANCASTER COUNTY IN SOUTHEAST NEBRASKA... NORTHEASTERN SALINE COUNTY IN SOUTHEAST NEBRASKA... EXTREME SOUTHWESTERN SAUNDERS COUNTY IN EAST CENTRAL NEBRASKA... SEWARD COUNTY IN SOUTHEAST NEBRASKA... * UNTIL 745 PM CDT * AT 646 PM CDT...DOPPLER RADAR INDICATED A SEVERE THUNDERSTORM CAPABLE OF PRODUCING LARGE HAIL UP TO PING PONG BALL SIZE AND DAMAGING WINDS IN EXCESS OF 60 MPH. THIS STORM WAS LOCATED NEAR CRETE...OR 20 MILES SOUTHWEST OF LINCOLN...AND MOVING NORTHEAST AT 35 MPH. * LOCATIONS IMPACTED INCLUDE... SEWARD...CRETE...MILFORD...DORCHESTER...VALPARAISO...DWIGHT... GARLAND...PLEASANT DALE...BEE...CERESCO...MALCOLM...DENTON... RAYMOND AND DAVEY. THIS INCLUDES THE FOLLOWING HIGHWAYS... HIGHWAY 77 NEAR MILE MARKER 63...NEAR MILE MARKER 74. INTERSTATE 80 IN NEBRASKA BETWEEN MILE MARKERS 379 AND 401. PRECAUTIONARY/PREPAREDNESS ACTIONS... SEVERE THUNDERSTORMS PRODUCE DAMAGING WINDS IN EXCESS OF 60 MPH... DESTRUCTIVE HAIL...DEADLY LIGHTNING AND VERY HEAVY RAIN. FOR YOUR PROTECTION...MOVE TO AN INTERIOR ROOM ON THE LOWEST FLOOR OF YOUR HOME OR BUSINESS. HEAVY RAINS FLOOD ROADS QUICKLY SO DO NOT DRIVE INTO AREAS WHERE WATER COVERS THE ROAD. && LAT...LON 4064 9718 4113 9703 4106 9654 4057 9697 TIME...MOT...LOC 2346Z 205DEG 24KT 4066 9704 WIND...HAIL 60MPH 1.50IN $$ PEARSON/
2 follow-up statements
695 WWUS53 KOAX 280023 SVSOAX SEVERE WEATHER STATEMENT NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE OMAHA/VALLEY NEBRASKA 723 PM CDT SUN MAY 27 2012 NEC151-280055- /O.CAN.KOAX.SV.W.0164.000000T0000Z-120528T0045Z/ SALINE NE- 723 PM CDT SUN MAY 27 2012 ...THE SEVERE THUNDERSTORM WARNING FOR NORTHEASTERN SALINE COUNTY IS CANCELLED... THE SEVERE THUNDERSTORM WHICH PROMPTED THE WARNING HAS MOVED OUT OF THE WARNED AREA. THEREFORE THE WARNING HAS BEEN CANCELLED. LAT...LON 4113 9703 4105 9658 4082 9684 4078 9714 TIME...MOT...LOC 0023Z 200DEG 37KT 4089 9684 $$ NEC023-109-155-159-280045- /O.CON.KOAX.SV.W.0164.000000T0000Z-120528T0045Z/ SEWARD NE-SAUNDERS NE-BUTLER NE-LANCASTER NE- 723 PM CDT SUN MAY 27 2012 ...A SEVERE THUNDERSTORM WARNING REMAINS IN EFFECT UNTIL 745 PM CDT FOR SEWARD...EXTREME SOUTHWESTERN SAUNDERS...EXTREME SOUTHEASTERN BUTLER AND NORTHWESTERN LANCASTER COUNTIES... AT 720 PM CDT...DOPPLER RADAR INDICATED A SEVERE THUNDERSTORM CAPABLE OF PRODUCING QUARTER SIZE HAIL. THIS STORM WAS LOCATED 8 MILES SOUTHEAST OF GARLAND...OR 9 MILES NORTHWEST OF LINCOLN... MOVING NORTH AT 45 MPH. LOCATIONS IMPACTED INCLUDE... SEWARD...VALPARAISO...DWIGHT...GARLAND...BEE...CERESCO...MALCOLM... RAYMOND AND DAVEY. THIS INCLUDES THE FOLLOWING HIGHWAYS... HIGHWAY 77 BETWEEN MILE MARKERS 81 AND 82. INTERSTATE 80 IN NEBRASKA BETWEEN MILE MARKERS 379 AND 392. PRECAUTIONARY/PREPAREDNESS ACTIONS... SEVERE THUNDERSTORMS PRODUCE DAMAGING WINDS IN EXCESS OF 60 MILES PER HOUR...DESTRUCTIVE HAIL...DEADLY LIGHTNING AND VERY HEAVY RAIN. FOR YOUR PROTECTION MOVE TO AN INTERIOR ROOM ON THE LOWEST FLOOR OF YOUR HOME OR BUSINESS. HEAVY RAINS FLOOD ROADS QUICKLY SO DO NOT DRIVE INTO AREAS WHERE WATER COVERS THE ROAD. && LAT...LON 4113 9703 4105 9658 4082 9684 4078 9714 TIME...MOT...LOC 0020Z 200DEG 37KT 4089 9684 WIND...HAIL <50MPH 1.00IN $$ KERN/PEARSON
051 WWUS53 KOAX 280036 SVSOAX SEVERE WEATHER STATEMENT NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE OMAHA/VALLEY NEBRASKA 736 PM CDT SUN MAY 27 2012 NEC159-155-023-109-280055- /O.EXP.KOAX.SV.W.0164.000000T0000Z-120528T0045Z/ SEWARD NE-SAUNDERS NE-BUTLER NE-LANCASTER NE- 736 PM CDT SUN MAY 27 2012 ...THE SEVERE THUNDERSTORM WARNING FOR SEWARD...EXTREME SOUTHWESTERN SAUNDERS...EXTREME SOUTHEASTERN BUTLER AND NORTHWESTERN LANCASTER COUNTIES WILL EXPIRE AT 745 PM CDT... THE SEVERE THUNDERSTORM WHICH PROMPTED THE WARNING HAS WEAKENED. THEREFORE THE WARNING WILL BE ALLOWED TO EXPIRE. HOWEVER HEAVY RAIN IS STILL POSSIBLE WITH THIS THUNDERSTORM. LAT...LON 4113 9703 4105 9658 4082 9684 4078 9714 TIME...MOT...LOC 0035Z 205DEG 24KT 4089 9684 $$ KERN/PEARSON
What forecasters said that day
The local office's own words before this severe thunderstorm warning went out, as it sent them, from the Iowa Environmental Mesonet's archive of National Weather Service text.
NWS Omaha, NE wrote its last area forecast discussion before this severe thunderstorm warning went out at May 27, 3:28 PM CDT, 3 hours 20 minutes earlier.
Area forecast discussion, May 27, 3:28 PM CDT, 3 hours 20 minutes before
AREA FORECAST DISCUSSION NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE OMAHA/VALLEY NE 328 PM CDT SUN MAY 27 2012 .DISCUSSION... MAIN CONCERN IS SEVERE WEATHER THROUGH THE EVENING AND POSSIBLY INTO THE EARLY MORNING HOURS. LOCALLY HEAVY RAIN IS ALSO POSSIBLE... AND WILL KEEP PREVIOUS ISSUED FLASH FLOOD WATCH. PRECIPITABLE WATER VALUES SHOULD GENERALLY BE FROM 1.5 TO 2.0 INCHES THROUGH THE EVENING. HIGHEST FOR FLASH FLOODING IS PROBABLY IN MINNESOTA AND NORTHWEST IOWA. UPPER AIR CHARTS FROM THIS MORNING INDICATED THE FOLLOWING. AT 300 MB...A JET MAX OF AROUND 100 KNOTS WAS NOTED OVER NORTHERN ARIZONA. AT 500 MB...A BROAD AREA OF HEIGHT FALLS EXTENDED FROM THE ROCKIES OUT INTO THE NORTHERN AND CENTRAL PLAINS. A MAX OF AROUND 100 METERS WAS ESTIMATED OVER THE NORTHERN WYOMING/ SOUTHEAST MONTANA BORDER AREA. COOLER AIR AT 700 MB WAS MOVING EAST ACROSS THE PLAINS...AS NOTED BY COOLING ON KOAX 18Z SOUNDING. IT ALSO COOLED AT 850 MB. MIXED LAYER CAPE WAS 1038 J/KG AND CONVECTIVE INHIBITION WAS 70. EXPECT STORMS TO INCREASE IN COVERAGE ACROSS THE NORTHWEST HALF OF THE FORECAST AREA THROUGH EARLY EVENING. SEE HWO AND SPC PRODUCTS FOR ADDITIONAL DETAILS. COLD FRONT EXTENDED FROM EASTERN SOUTH DAKOTA DOWN THROUGH NEBRASKA AND DOWN INTO NORTHWEST KANSAS AT MID AFTERNOON. THIS SHOULD EXTEND FROM EASTERN MINNESOTA TO SOUTHWEST IOWA AND DOWN TO INTO WESTERN OKLAHOMA. EXPECT A DECENT RANGE OF LOWS TONIGHT WITH LOWS RANGING FROM 50S IN NORTHEAST NEBRASKA TO 60S IN THE SOUTHWEST CORNER OF IOWA AND SOUTHEAST CORNER OF NEBRASKA. COOLER TEMPERATURES WILL OCCUR ACROSS THE AREA THE NEXT SEVERAL DAYS. MONDAY INTO TUESDAY NIGHT SHOULD BE MAINLY DRY. OUR NEXT CHANCE OF PRECIPITATION SHOULD SPREAD ACROSS THE AREA WEDNESDAY. THIS COULD YIELD DECENT BENEFICIAL RAINFALL AMOUNTS OF A QUARTER TO HALF AN INCH. FARTHER OUT...GENERALLY USED A BLEND OF GFS/ECMWF/CANADIAN FOR TEMPERATURES AND POPS. MILLER && .AVIATION... 18Z TAFS FOR KOMA...KLNK...KOFK. VFR CONDITIONS WILL PREVAIL THROUGH LATE AFTERNOON. A COLD FRONT...CURRENTLY WEST OF ONL/EAR...WILL MOVE INTO EASTERN NEBRASKA THROUGHOUT THE LATE AFTERNOON AND EARLY EVENING HOURS. LATEST THINKING IS THUNDERSTORMS WILL IMPACT ALL TAF SITES STARTING AROUND 22Z AND CONTINUING THROUGH AT LEAST 9Z. HIGHLIGHTED GREATEST THREAT AT KOFK WITH SEVERE WIND MENTION. HAIL WILL BE A THREAT AT ALL SITES. PEARSON && .OAX WATCHES/WARNINGS/ADVISORIES... NE...FLASH FLOOD WATCH THROUGH LATE TONIGHT FOR NEZ015-033-034. IA...FLASH FLOOD WATCH THROUGH LATE TONIGHT FOR IAZ043. &&
Hazardous weather outlook, May 27, 4:53 PM CDT, 1 hour 55 minutes before
HAZARDOUS WEATHER OUTLOOK NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE OMAHA/VALLEY NE 453 PM CDT SUN MAY 27 2012 IAZ043-055-056-069-079-080-090-091-NEZ011-012-015>018-030>034- 042>045-050>053-065>068-078-088>093-280500- ANTELOPE-BOONE-BURT-BUTLER-CASS-CEDAR-COLFAX-CUMING-DODGE-DOUGLAS- FREMONT IA-GAGE-HARRISON IA-JEFFERSON-JOHNSON-KNOX-LANCASTER-MADISON- MILLS IA-MONONA IA-MONTGOMERY IA-NEMAHA-OTOE-PAGE IA-PAWNEE-PIERCE- PLATTE-POTTAWATTAMIE IA-RICHARDSON-SALINE-SARPY-SAUNDERS-SEWARD- SHELBY IA-STANTON-THURSTON-WASHINGTON-WAYNE- 453 PM CDT SUN MAY 27 2012 THIS HAZARDOUS WEATHER OUTLOOK IS FOR PORTIONS OF SOUTHWEST IOWA...WEST CENTRAL IOWA...EAST CENTRAL NEBRASKA...NORTHEAST NEBRASKA AND SOUTHEAST NEBRASKA. .DAY ONE...TONIGHT AND MONDAY STRONG ENVIRONMENTAL SHEAR AND INSTABILITY WILL RESULT IN SEVERE THUNDERSTORM ACTIVITY OCCURRING MAINLY NORTHWEST OF A LINE FROM HARLAN IOWA TO BEATRICE...WITH SUPERCELL STORM DEVELOPMENT LIKELY. HAIL UP TO BASEBALL SIZE AS WELL AS STRONG DAMAGING WINDS ARE THE PRIMARY HAZARDS...WITH AN ISOLATED TORNADO OR TWO POSSIBLE MAINLY OVER NORTHEAST NEBRASKA. STORMS ARE THEN EXPECTED TO DECREASE IN INTENSITY TOWARD MIDNIGHT AND SPREAD EASTWARD ACROSS THE REMAINDER OF EASTERN NEBRASKA AND WESTERN IOWA DURING THE OVERNIGHT HOURS. STORMS WILL OCCASIONALLY PRODUCE HEAVY RAINFALL...WITH UP TO THREE INCHES POSSIBLE IN MANY AREAS. DUE TO RECENT HEAVY RAIN OVER THE LAST FEW DAYS...A FLASH FLOOD WATCH IS IN EFFECT FOR A FEW COUNTIES IN EXTREME NORTHEAST NEBRASKA AND NORTHWEST IOWA FOR TONIGHT AS WELL. ISOLATED FLASH FLOODING THOUGH WILL BE A THREAT OVER MOST LOCATIONS. BECAUSE OF THE HOLIDAY WEEKEND AND THE MAGNITUDE OF STORMS EXPECTED...CAMPERS ESPECIALLY SHOULD BE AWARE OF THE SEVERE STORM THREAT. .DAYS TWO THROUGH SEVEN...MONDAY NIGHT THROUGH SUNDAY ADDITIONAL THUNDERSTORMS ARE FORECAST WEDNESDAY INTO THURSDAY AS ANOTHER WEATHER SYSTEM MOVES INTO THE AREA. .SPOTTER INFORMATION STATEMENT... STORM SPOTTER ACTIVATION WILL BE NEEDED THIS AFTERNOON AND EVENING AS SEVERE WEATHER WATCHES ARE ISSUED LATER TODAY...ESPECIALLY IN EASTERN NEBRASKA. DEE
In the hours before
Local storm report, May 27, 6:21 PM CDT, 27 minutes before
PRELIMINARY LOCAL STORM REPORT
NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE OMAHA/VALLEY NEBRASKA
621 PM CDT SUN MAY 27 2012
..TIME... ...EVENT... ...CITY LOCATION... ...LAT.LON...
..DATE... ....MAG.... ..COUNTY LOCATION..ST.. ...SOURCE....
..REMARKS..
0621 PM HAIL 2 E HARTINGTON 42.62N 97.23W
05/27/2012 E1.00 INCH CEDAR NE TRAINED SPOTTER
&&
MILLERLocal storm report, May 27, 6:22 PM CDT, 26 minutes before
PRELIMINARY LOCAL STORM REPORT
NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE OMAHA/VALLEY NEBRASKA
622 PM CDT SUN MAY 27 2012
..TIME... ...EVENT... ...CITY LOCATION... ...LAT.LON...
..DATE... ....MAG.... ..COUNTY LOCATION..ST.. ...SOURCE....
..REMARKS..
0617 PM HAIL 6 S UTICA 40.81N 97.35W
05/27/2012 E1.75 INCH SEWARD NE LAW ENFORCEMENT
NEAR MILE MARKER 366 SOUTH OF UTICA.
&&
LANDSVORKLocal storm report, May 27, 6:23 PM CDT, 25 minutes before
PRELIMINARY LOCAL STORM REPORT
NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE OMAHA/VALLEY NEBRASKA
623 PM CDT SUN MAY 27 2012
..TIME... ...EVENT... ...CITY LOCATION... ...LAT.LON...
..DATE... ....MAG.... ..COUNTY LOCATION..ST.. ...SOURCE....
..REMARKS..
0510 PM HAIL 6 W WAYNE 42.24N 97.13W
05/27/2012 E1.75 INCH WAYNE NE TRAINED SPOTTER
&&
MILLERLocal storm report, May 27, 6:35 PM CDT, 13 minutes before
PRELIMINARY LOCAL STORM REPORT
NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE OMAHA/VALLEY NEBRASKA
635 PM CDT SUN MAY 27 2012
..TIME... ...EVENT... ...CITY LOCATION... ...LAT.LON...
..DATE... ....MAG.... ..COUNTY LOCATION..ST.. ...SOURCE....
..REMARKS..
0630 PM TORNADO 2 SW BATTLE CREEK 41.98N 97.63W
05/27/2012 MADISON NE FIRE DEPT/RESCUE
&&
LANDSVORKLocal storm report, May 27, 6:39 PM CDT, 9 minutes before
PRELIMINARY LOCAL STORM REPORT
NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE OMAHA/VALLEY NEBRASKA
639 PM CDT SUN MAY 27 2012
..TIME... ...EVENT... ...CITY LOCATION... ...LAT.LON...
..DATE... ....MAG.... ..COUNTY LOCATION..ST.. ...SOURCE....
..REMARKS..
0639 PM HAIL ALBION 41.69N 98.00W
05/27/2012 E0.75 INCH BOONE NE LAW ENFORCEMENT
&&
LANDSVORKLocal storm report, May 27, 6:48 PM CDT, 0 minutes before
PRELIMINARY LOCAL STORM REPORT
NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE OMAHA/VALLEY NEBRASKA
648 PM CDT SUN MAY 27 2012
..TIME... ...EVENT... ...CITY LOCATION... ...LAT.LON...
..DATE... ....MAG.... ..COUNTY LOCATION..ST.. ...SOURCE....
..REMARKS..
0635 PM HAIL 1 S ALBION 41.67N 98.00W
05/27/2012 E1.00 INCH BOONE NE TRAINED SPOTTER
&&
DEEThe office that day
Everything else NWS Omaha, NE issued on the same UTC day.
| Issued | Product | Office | Counties | Lasted |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| May 27, 3:42 AM CDT | Flash Flood Watch | OAX | Burt, Cuming, Thurston | 21 hr |
| May 27, 4:15 PM CDT | Special Weather Statement | OAX | Stanton | 30 min |
| May 27, 4:39 PM CDT | Severe Thunderstorm Warning | OAX | Cuming, Stanton, Thurston, Wayne | 47 min |
| May 27, 4:41 PM CDT | Severe Thunderstorm Warning | OAX | Antelope, Boone | 34 min |
| May 27, 5:13 PM CDT | Tornado Warning | OAX | Antelope, Pierce | 29 min |
| May 27, 5:16 PM CDT | Severe Thunderstorm Warning | OAX | Cedar | 44 min |
| May 27, 5:24 PM CDT | Severe Thunderstorm Warning | OAX | Cedar, Knox, Madison, Pierce, Wayne | 51 min |
| May 27, 5:30 PM CDT | Tornado Warning | OAX | Antelope, Pierce | 30 min |
| May 27, 5:36 PM CDT | Tornado Warning | OAX | Boone | 39 min |
| May 27, 5:43 PM CDT | Severe Thunderstorm Warning | OAX | Saline, Seward | 47 min |
| May 27, 5:47 PM CDT | Flash Flood Warning | OAX | Antelope, Boone, Pierce | 3 hr |
| May 27, 5:57 PM CDT | Severe Thunderstorm Warning | OAX | Jefferson, Saline, Seward | 48 min |
| May 27, 6:00 PM CDT | Tornado Warning | OAX | Boone, Madison, Platte | 30 min |
| May 27, 6:04 PM CDT | Severe Thunderstorm Warning | OAX | Antelope, Boone, Madison, Pierce | 26 min |
| May 27, 6:06 PM CDT | Severe Thunderstorm Warning | OAX | Cedar, Pierce, Wayne | 39 min |
| May 27, 6:08 PM CDT | Areal Flood Advisory | OAX | Antelope, Pierce | 3 hr |
| May 27, 6:19 PM CDT | Severe Thunderstorm Warning | OAX | Butler, Seward | 26 min |
| May 27, 6:19 PM CDT | Severe Thunderstorm Warning | OAX | Boone, Platte | 26 min |
| May 27, 6:28 PM CDT | Tornado Warning | OAX | Madison, Pierce, Stanton | 32 min |
| May 27, 6:32 PM CDT | Severe Thunderstorm Warning | OAX | Madison, Pierce | 28 min |
| May 27, 6:42 PM CDT | Severe Thunderstorm Warning | OAX | Antelope, Boone, Madison, Platte | 33 min |
| May 27, 6:46 PM CDT | Severe Thunderstorm Warning | OAX | Butler, Colfax, Dodge, Saunders | 33 min |
| May 27, 6:53 PM CDT | Severe Thunderstorm Warning | OAX | Cedar, Pierce, Stanton, Thurston, Wayne | 37 min |
Nearby
Severe Thunderstorm Warnings in Nebraska, 2012Every severe thunderstorm warning in 2012
Sources
The product and its follow-ups from the Iowa Environmental Mesonet's archive of National Weather Service and Storm Prediction Center text; local storm reports from the same archive; the sounding from the Mesonet's radiosonde archive; radar from the NEXRAD Level II archive.