Alert archive / South Carolina / Special Weather Statements in 2012

Special Weather Statement, NWS Charleston, SC

May 15, 2012Dorchester County, South Carolina

NWS Charleston, SC issued this special weather statement at May 15, 2012, 6:01 PM EDT for Dorchester County, South Carolina. It was in force for 29 min. No storm report in the archive falls inside the area while it was in force.

The area

The outline as issued.

The facts

Issued
May 15, 2012, 6:01 PM EDT (22:01 UTC)
Expired
May 15, 2012, 6:30 PM EDT
In force
29 min
Issued by
NWS Charleston, SC

County Dorchester County, SC

The radar

The Charleston,SC radar (KCLX), 81 km from the middle of the area, began a volume at 22:04 UTC, the scan nearest the moment this went out.

Open the radar archive at this moment

The archived warnings, watches and discussions in force at that minute are drawn over the scan, this one among them.

The nearest sounding before it

Charleston AFB, SC (KCHS), launched 12:00Z, 10.0 hours before the alert went out and 40 km from the middle of its area. This is the routine balloon launch nearest before it, the air the forecaster had in hand, not a measurement taken for the alert.

Skew-T log-pSkew-T log-p diagram, Charleston AFB, SC at 12:00Z on 2012-05-15Temperature and dew point through the depth of the atmosphere, with the mixed-layer parcel. CAPE 1682 joules per kilogram.LCLLFCEL10008507005003002001001 km2 km3 km6 km9 km12 km15 km-30°-20°-10°0°10°20°30°40°
Temperature in red, dew point in green, the mixed-layer parcel dashed.
HodographHodograph, Charleston AFB, SC at 12:00Z on 2012-05-15The wind through the lowest 10 kilometers. Zero to 1 km storm-relative helicity 51 square meters per square second.193958Sfc1 km3 km6 km9 kmRMLM
The wind turning with height, colored by layer: ground to 1 km, 1 to 3 km, 3 to 6 km, 6 to 10 km.
Mixed-layer CAPE
1682 J/kg
Mixed-layer CIN
-6 J/kg
Mixed-layer LCL
555 m above ground
0-6 km bulk shear
22 kt
0-1 km storm-relative helicity
51 m²/s²
0-3 km storm-relative helicity
74 m²/s²
Significant tornado parameter
0.0
Supercell composite
1.5

Open this sounding in Storm Lab

The text

As transmitted, in the capitals the NWS used until 2016.

<!doctype html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
  <meta charset="utf-8">
  <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1">
  <title>Service Notice</title>
  <link rel="stylesheet" href="index.css">
</head>
<body>
  <main class="wrap">
    <section class="card" role="status" aria-live="polite">
      <div class="status" id="status">Temporary Notice</div>
      <h1 id="headline">This service is currently unavailable.</h1>
      <p id="message1">
        The site you requested is temporarily down for maintenance or an unexpected outage.
      </p>
      <p id="message2">
        Please try again in a few minutes.
      </p>
      <p class="small" id="detail">
        If you are an administrator, restore upstream service and remove the redirect/fallback rule when normal operations resume.
      </p>
    </section>
  </main>
  <script src="index.js"></script>
</body>
</html>

What forecasters said that day

The local office's own words before this special weather statement went out, as it sent them, from the Iowa Environmental Mesonet's archive of National Weather Service text.

NWS Charleston, SC wrote its last area forecast discussion before this special weather statement went out at May 15, 5:30 PM EDT, 31 minutes earlier.

Area forecast discussion, May 15, 5:30 PM EDT, 31 minutes before
AREA FORECAST DISCUSSION
NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE CHARLESTON SC
530 PM EDT TUE MAY 15 2012

.SYNOPSIS...
BROAD LOW PRESSURE AT THE SURFACE AND ALOFT WILL LINGER ACROSS
THE AREA THROUGH THURSDAY. STRONG HIGH PRESSURE WILL BUILD FROM
THE NORTH AND NORTHEAST LATE IN THE WEEK AND PERSIST ACROSS THE
REGION INTO EARLY NEXT WEEK.

&&

.NEAR TERM /UNTIL 6 AM WEDNESDAY MORNING/...
UPDATED FORECASTS TO FINE TUNE POPS AND OTHER FORECAST PARAMETERS
THROUGH EARLY EVENING

OUTFLOW FROM ONGOING CLUSTERS OF THUNDERSTORMS WILL CONTINUE TO
PROMOTE SCATTERED TO NUMEROUS THUNDERSTORMS INTO EARLY EVENING.
BOUNDARY INTERACTIONS AND A FAVORABLE THERMODYNAMIC ENVIRONMENT
WILL SUPPORT OCCASIONAL SEVERE THUNDERSTORMS WITH LARGE HAIL AND
DAMAGING MICROBURSTS. THUS...SEVERE THUNDERSTORM WATCH REMAINS IN
EFFECT IN ADDITION TO BRIEF/PULSE SEVER EVENTS... ISOLATED
THUNDERSTORM CLUSTERS COULD PERSIST SUCH AS SEVERE THUNDERSTORMS
THAT PRODUCED DAMAGING WINDS AND UP TO GOLFBALL SIZE HAIL WHICH
IMPACTED AREAS ALONG I-95 FROM MCINTOSH COUNTY...THROUGH THE
SAVANNAH AREA AND INTO JASPER COUNTY.

OF INTEREST...THE MOST ACTIVE REGIME HAS REMAINED NORTH/WEST OF THE
CHARLESTON TRI-COUNTY REGION...AND THERE REMAINS SOME QUESTION
ABOUT WHETHER ANY THUNDERSTORMS WILL PUSH INTO THIS AREA.
MAINTAINED ONGOING SLIGHT CHANCE TO CHANCE POPS THROUGH EARLY
EVENING AS UPSTREAM CONVECTION COULD STILL SPILL BACK TOWARD THE
COAST.

PER DIURNAL TRENDS...THUNDERSTORMS WILL DECREASE IN COVERAGE AND
INTENSITY TONIGHT...AND THE REGION SHOULD BECOME MAINLY
PRECIPITATION FREE OVERNIGHT.

OVERNIGHT INTO EARLY WEDNESDAY...AREAS OF STRATUS AND/OR FOG COULD
DEVELOP WHERE HEAVY RAIN OCCURS THIS AFTERNOON/EVENING.

&&

.SHORT TERM /6 AM WEDNESDAY MORNING THROUGH FRIDAY/...
ALTHOUGH A BROAD UPPER TROUGH WILL PERSIST OVER THE SOUTHEAST UNITED
STATES WEDNESDAY THROUGH FRIDAY...THE PRIMARY UPPER LOW WILL MOVE
THROUGH THE FORECAST AREA THURSDAY AND OFFSHORE BY FRIDAY. QUITE A
BIT OF SHORTWAVE ENERGY LIFTING OUT OF THE NORTHEAST GULF OF MEXICO
WEDNESDAY AND THURSDAY...COINCIDENT WITH RELATIVELY MOIST BOUNDARY
LAYER AND DIURNAL HEATING...SHOULD RESULT IN GOOD COVERAGE OF
SHOWERS AND THUNDERSTORMS...ESPECIALLY IN THE AFTERNOONS. A COLD
FRONT IS PROGGED TO DROP INTO THE NORTHERN HALF OF THE AREA ON
THURSDAY WHICH WILL PROVIDE AN ADDITIONAL FOCUS FOR CONVECTION.
SEVERE THUNDERSTORMS CANNOT BE RULED OUT WEDNESDAY OR THURSDAY DUE
TO THE ABUNDANCE OF FORCING MECHANISMS AND REASONABLY HIGH
CONVECTIVE INDICES.

THE FRONT WILL DROP THROUGH THURSDAY NIGHT WITH HIGH PRESSURE
BUILDING DOWN THE COAST ON FRIDAY. CONVECTION WILL STILL BE POSSIBLE
OVER OUR FAR SOUTHERN GA ZONES AS THE FRONT STALLS ALONG THE
ALTAMAHA RIVER.

&&

.LONG TERM /FRIDAY NIGHT THROUGH TUESDAY/...
THE LONG TERM PERIODS ARE STILL SOMEWHAT UNCERTAIN AT THIS TIME.
LATEST INDICATIONS ARE THAT A STRONG AND EXPANSIVE AREA OF SURFACE
HIGH PRESSURE IN THE NW ATLANTIC WILL EXTEND ACROSS THE LOCAL AREA
LATE IN THE WEEK INTO EARLY NEXT WEEK. MEANWHILE...FAR OFF THE COAST
NEAR 30 WEST THERE ARE STILL SOME INDICATIONS THAT A COLD CORE OR
HYBRID LOW WILL FORM AS A CLOSED LOW DEVELOPS ALOFT OVER OR NEAR THE
SE COAST.

IN REGARDS TO SENSIBLE WEATHER...AND PROVIDED ANY ATLANTIC LOW STAYS
FAR OFFSHORE...WE/RE LOOKING AT CONDITIONS GENERALLY DRIVEN BY LOW
LEVEL CONVERGENCE WITHIN THE CLOCKWISE FLOW AROUND THE NW ATLANTIC
RIDGE. THIS ALONG WITH A GRADUAL RETURN OF MOISTURE WILL CAUSE A DAY
TO DAY INCREASE IN SHOWERS AS THEY PROGRESS FURTHER NORTH EACH DAY.
SLIGHT CHANCE POPS WILL BE RESTRICTED TO SOUTH OF I-16 IN SE GA
SATURDAY...WITH SLIGHT CHANCE TO CHANCE POPS OVER EASTERN AND
SOUTHERN SECTIONS SUNDAY. FOR MONDAY AND TUESDAY WE/LL SHOW SLIGHT
CHANCE POPS ALL AREAS. TEMPS WILL AVERAGE CLOSE TO WHAT IS EXPECTED
FOR THAT TIME OF YEAR.

&&

.AVIATION /21Z TUESDAY THROUGH SUNDAY/...
ADDITIONAL THUNDERSTORMS COULD IMPACT KSAV INTO EARLY
EVENING. THE PROBABILITY FOR THUNDERSTORMS IS LOWER AT KCHS BUT
UPSTREAM THUNDERSTORMS COULD STILL PUSH INTO THAT AREA. EXPECT
AMENDMENTS TO ADDRESS NEAR TERM CONVECTIVE TRENDS. OUTSIDE
ANY THUNDERSTORMS..MAINLY VFR THROUGH AT LEAST THIS EVENING.
THEN...LOW CHANCE OF MVFR OR LOWER CONDITIONS LATE TONIGHT INTO
EARLY WEDNESDAY IN A SHOWER...STRATUS AND/OR FOG. THUNDERSTORMS
ARE EXPECTED TO REDEVELOP WEDNESDAY...BUT MAINLY 18Z OR LATER.

EXTENDED AVIATION OUTLOOK...PERIODIC MVFR OR LOWER CONDITIONS WILL BE
POSSIBLE WEDNESDAY NIGHT AND THURSDAY DUE TO DIURNAL SHRA/TSRA.
VFR CONDITIONS WITH GUSTY WINDS WILL OCCUR FRIDAY AND SATURDAY.

&&

.MARINE...
THUNDERSTORMS COULD LOCALLY ALTER WINDS CLOSE TO THE COAST INTO
THIS EVENING. OTHERWISE...WINDS/SEAS ARE EXPECTED TO REMAIN BELOW SCA
CRITERIA THROUGH TONIGHT. THE LOCAL WATERS WILL REMAIN IN AN AREA
OF S TO SW FLOW ON THE EAST SIDE OF BROAD LOW PRESSURE. SEA BREEZE
ENHANCEMENT COULD SUPPORT LOCAL WINDS AS HIGH AS 15-20 KT THIS
AFTERNOON/EARLY EVENING...ESPECIALLY ON CHARLESTON HARBOR.
OTHERWISE...WINDS OF 15 KTS OR LESS ARE EXPECTED. MAINTAINED SEAS
FROM 2-4 FT WITHIN 20 NM TO 4 FT 20-60 NM.

OUTSIDE OF ISOLATED TO SCATTERED CONVECTION...WIND AND SEA
CONDITIONS ACROSS THE MARINE AREA WILL BE SOMEWHAT QUIET WEDNESDAY
THROUGH THURSDAY. HOWEVER...CONDITIONS WILL CHANGE FOR THE WORSE ON
FRIDAY...AS STRONG HIGH PRESSURE BUILDS FROM THE NORTH AND NE. THAT
HIGH WILL THEN PERSIST OVER THE MARINE AREA THROUGH THE WEEKEND...
WITH A PINCHING OF THE PRESSURE GRADIENT TO CAUSE HIGHER WINDS AND
LARGER SEAS FRIDAY THROUGH SUNDAY. SMALL CRAFT ADVISORIES SEEM
ALMOST A CERTAINTY DURING THAT TIME.

RIP CURRENTS...AN ELEVATED RISK OF RIP CURRENTS APPEARS LIKELY AT
THE BEACHES FRIDAY THROUGH MONDAY...WITH A PERSISTENT AND AT LEAST A
MODERATE NE AND EAST WIND TO PREVAIL.

&&

.CHS WATCHES/WARNINGS/ADVISORIES...
GA...NONE.
SC...NONE.
MARINE...NONE.

&&

SYNOPSIS...
NEAR TERM...SPR
SHORT TERM...JRL
LONG TERM...
AVIATION...SPR
MARINE...JRL/SPR
Hazardous weather outlook, May 15, 2:57 PM EDT, 3 hours 4 minutes before
HAZARDOUS WEATHER OUTLOOK
NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE CHARLESTON SC
257 PM EDT TUE MAY 15 2012

AMZ330-350-352-354-GAZ087-088-099>101-114>116-118-137-138-140-SCZ040-
042>045-047-052-161900-
CHARLESTON HARBOR-
WATERS FROM SOUTH SANTEE RIVER TO EDISTO BEACH SC OUT 20 NM-
WATERS FROM EDISTO BEACH SC TO SAVANNAH GA OUT 20 NM-
WATERS FROM SAVANNAH GA TO ALTAMAHA SOUND GA OUT 20 NM...INCLUDING
GRAYS REEF NATIONAL MARINE SANCTUARY-JENKINS-SCREVEN-CANDLER-BULLOCH-
EFFINGHAM-TATTNALL-EVANS-INLAND BRYAN-INLAND CHATHAM-LONG-
INLAND LIBERTY-INLAND MCINTOSH-ALLENDALE-HAMPTON-INLAND COLLETON-
DORCHESTER-INLAND BERKELEY-INLAND JASPER-TIDAL BERKELEY-
257 PM EDT TUE MAY 15 2012

...SEVERE THUNDERSTORM WATCH 278 IN EFFECT UNTIL 9 PM EDT THIS
EVENING...

THIS HAZARDOUS WEATHER OUTLOOK IS FOR ATLANTIC COASTAL
WATERS...SOUTHEAST GEORGIA AND SOUTHEAST SOUTH CAROLINA.

.DAY ONE...THIS AFTERNOON AND TONIGHT.

PLEASE LISTEN TO NOAA WEATHER RADIO OR GO TO WEATHER.GOV ON THE
INTERNET FOR MORE INFORMATION ABOUT THE FOLLOWING HAZARDS.

   SEVERE THUNDERSTORM WATCH.

.DAYS TWO THROUGH SEVEN...WEDNESDAY THROUGH MONDAY.

THE PROBABILITY FOR WIDESPREAD HAZARDOUS WEATHER IS LOW.

.SPOTTER INFORMATION STATEMENT...

SPOTTER GROUPS AND EMERGENCY MANAGEMENT OFFICIALS SHOULD BE PREPARED
FOR POSSIBLE ACTIVATION THIS AFTERNOON AND EVENING.

AMZ374-161900-
WATERS FROM SAVANNAH GA TO ALTAMAHA SOUND GA EXTENDING FROM 20 TO
60 NM-
257 PM EDT TUE MAY 15 2012

THIS HAZARDOUS WEATHER OUTLOOK IS FOR ATLANTIC COASTAL WATERS.

.DAY ONE...THIS AFTERNOON AND TONIGHT.

THE PROBABILITY FOR WIDESPREAD HAZARDOUS WEATHER IS LOW.

.DAYS TWO THROUGH SEVEN...WEDNESDAY THROUGH MONDAY.

THE PROBABILITY FOR WIDESPREAD HAZARDOUS WEATHER IS LOW.

.SPOTTER INFORMATION STATEMENT...

SPOTTER ACTIVATION IS NOT EXPECTED AT THIS TIME.

GAZ117-119-139-141-SCZ048>051-161900-
COASTAL BRYAN-COASTAL CHATHAM-COASTAL LIBERTY-COASTAL MCINTOSH-
BEAUFORT-COASTAL COLLETON-CHARLESTON-COASTAL JASPER-
257 PM EDT TUE MAY 15 2012

...SEVERE THUNDERSTORM WATCH 278 IN EFFECT UNTIL 9 PM EDT THIS
EVENING...

THIS HAZARDOUS WEATHER OUTLOOK IS FOR SOUTHEAST GEORGIA AND
SOUTHEAST SOUTH CAROLINA.

.DAY ONE...THIS AFTERNOON AND TONIGHT.

PLEASE LISTEN TO NOAA WEATHER RADIO OR GO TO WEATHER.GOV ON THE
INTERNET FOR MORE INFORMATION ABOUT THE FOLLOWING HAZARDS.

   SEVERE THUNDERSTORM WATCH.

.DAYS TWO THROUGH SEVEN...WEDNESDAY THROUGH MONDAY.

RIP CURRENTS...MODERATE ONSHORE FLOW AND LOW END SWELLS WILL LEAD
TO AN ELEVATED RISK FOR RIP CURRENTS LATE THIS WEEK INTO EARLY
NEXT WEEK.

.SPOTTER INFORMATION STATEMENT...

SPOTTER GROUPS AND EMERGENCY MANAGEMENT OFFICIALS SHOULD BE PREPARED
FOR POSSIBLE ACTIVATION THIS AFTERNOON AND EVENING.

In the hours before

Local storm report, May 15, 5:43 PM EDT, 18 minutes before
<!doctype html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
  <meta charset="utf-8">
  <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1">
  <title>Service Notice</title>
  <link rel="stylesheet" href="index.css">
</head>
<body>
  <main class="wrap">
    <section class="card" role="status" aria-live="polite">
      <div class="status" id="status">Temporary Notice</div>
      <h1 id="headline">This service is currently unavailable.</h1>
      <p id="message1">
        The site you requested is temporarily down for maintenance or an unexpected outage.
      </p>
      <p id="message2">
        Please try again in a few minutes.
      </p>
      <p class="small" id="detail">
        If you are an administrator, restore upstream service and remove the redirect/fallback rule when normal operations resume.
      </p>
    </section>
  </main>
  <script src="index.js"></script>
</body>
</html>
Local storm report, May 15, 5:47 PM EDT, 14 minutes before
<!doctype html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
  <meta charset="utf-8">
  <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1">
  <title>Service Notice</title>
  <link rel="stylesheet" href="index.css">
</head>
<body>
  <main class="wrap">
    <section class="card" role="status" aria-live="polite">
      <div class="status" id="status">Temporary Notice</div>
      <h1 id="headline">This service is currently unavailable.</h1>
      <p id="message1">
        The site you requested is temporarily down for maintenance or an unexpected outage.
      </p>
      <p id="message2">
        Please try again in a few minutes.
      </p>
      <p class="small" id="detail">
        If you are an administrator, restore upstream service and remove the redirect/fallback rule when normal operations resume.
      </p>
    </section>
  </main>
  <script src="index.js"></script>
</body>
</html>
Local storm report, May 15, 5:48 PM EDT, 13 minutes before
<!doctype html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
  <meta charset="utf-8">
  <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1">
  <title>Service Notice</title>
  <link rel="stylesheet" href="index.css">
</head>
<body>
  <main class="wrap">
    <section class="card" role="status" aria-live="polite">
      <div class="status" id="status">Temporary Notice</div>
      <h1 id="headline">This service is currently unavailable.</h1>
      <p id="message1">
        The site you requested is temporarily down for maintenance or an unexpected outage.
      </p>
      <p id="message2">
        Please try again in a few minutes.
      </p>
      <p class="small" id="detail">
        If you are an administrator, restore upstream service and remove the redirect/fallback rule when normal operations resume.
      </p>
    </section>
  </main>
  <script src="index.js"></script>
</body>
</html>
Special weather statement, May 15, 5:48 PM EDT, 13 minutes before
<!doctype html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
  <meta charset="utf-8">
  <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1">
  <title>Service Notice</title>
  <link rel="stylesheet" href="index.css">
</head>
<body>
  <main class="wrap">
    <section class="card" role="status" aria-live="polite">
      <div class="status" id="status">Temporary Notice</div>
      <h1 id="headline">This service is currently unavailable.</h1>
      <p id="message1">
        The site you requested is temporarily down for maintenance or an unexpected outage.
      </p>
      <p id="message2">
        Please try again in a few minutes.
      </p>
      <p class="small" id="detail">
        If you are an administrator, restore upstream service and remove the redirect/fallback rule when normal operations resume.
      </p>
    </section>
  </main>
  <script src="index.js"></script>
</body>
</html>
Local storm report, May 15, 5:54 PM EDT, 7 minutes before
<!doctype html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
  <meta charset="utf-8">
  <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1">
  <title>Service Notice</title>
  <link rel="stylesheet" href="index.css">
</head>
<body>
  <main class="wrap">
    <section class="card" role="status" aria-live="polite">
      <div class="status" id="status">Temporary Notice</div>
      <h1 id="headline">This service is currently unavailable.</h1>
      <p id="message1">
        The site you requested is temporarily down for maintenance or an unexpected outage.
      </p>
      <p id="message2">
        Please try again in a few minutes.
      </p>
      <p class="small" id="detail">
        If you are an administrator, restore upstream service and remove the redirect/fallback rule when normal operations resume.
      </p>
    </section>
  </main>
  <script src="index.js"></script>
</body>
</html>
Special weather statement, May 15, 6:01 PM EDT, 0 minutes before
<!doctype html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
  <meta charset="utf-8">
  <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1">
  <title>Service Notice</title>
  <link rel="stylesheet" href="index.css">
</head>
<body>
  <main class="wrap">
    <section class="card" role="status" aria-live="polite">
      <div class="status" id="status">Temporary Notice</div>
      <h1 id="headline">This service is currently unavailable.</h1>
      <p id="message1">
        The site you requested is temporarily down for maintenance or an unexpected outage.
      </p>
      <p id="message2">
        Please try again in a few minutes.
      </p>
      <p class="small" id="detail">
        If you are an administrator, restore upstream service and remove the redirect/fallback rule when normal operations resume.
      </p>
    </section>
  </main>
  <script src="index.js"></script>
</body>
</html>

The office that day

Everything else NWS Charleston, SC issued on the same UTC day.

IssuedProductOfficeCountiesLasted
May 14, 8:31 PM EDTSpecial Weather StatementCHSCandler29 min
May 14, 10:16 PM EDTSpecial Weather StatementCHSTattnall29 min
May 15, 3:25 AM EDTSpecial Marine WarningCHS95 min
May 15, 3:17 PM EDTSpecial Weather StatementCHSMcIntosh28 min
May 15, 3:28 PM EDTSevere Thunderstorm WarningCHSBryan, Liberty, Long, McIntosh62 min
May 15, 3:54 PM EDTSevere Thunderstorm WarningCHSScreven20 min
May 15, 4:19 PM EDTSevere Thunderstorm WarningCHSBryan, Chatham, Liberty56 min
May 15, 4:42 PM EDTSevere Thunderstorm WarningCHSBryan, Chatham, Effingham, Liberty63 min
May 15, 5:28 PM EDTSpecial Weather StatementCHSMcIntosh32 min
May 15, 5:01 PM EDTSpecial Weather StatementCHSDorchester29 min
May 15, 5:25 PM EDTSevere Thunderstorm WarningCHSBeaufort, Colleton, Hampton, Jasper65 min
May 15, 5:48 PM EDTSpecial Weather StatementCHSAllendale27 min
May 15, 6:34 PM EDTSpecial Weather StatementCHSDorchester26 min
May 15, 6:36 PM EDTSpecial Weather StatementCHSColleton24 min
May 15, 6:57 PM EDTSpecial Weather StatementCHSDorchester33 min

Nearby

Special Weather Statements in South Carolina, 2012Every special weather statement in 2012

Sources

The product and its follow-ups from the Iowa Environmental Mesonet's archive of National Weather Service and Storm Prediction Center text; the sounding from the Mesonet's radiosonde archive; radar from the NEXRAD Level II archive.