Alert archive / South Carolina / Severe Thunderstorm Warnings in 2011
Severe Thunderstorm Warning 85, NWS Greenville-Spartanburg, SC
NWS Greenville-Spartanburg, SC issued this severe thunderstorm warning at Apr 9, 2011, 8:08 PM EDT for Cherokee County, Spartanburg County, South Carolina; Cleveland County, Rutherford County, North Carolina. It was in force for 30 min. 4 reports came from inside the area while it was in force.
The area
The outline as issued, with what was reported inside it.
The facts
- Issued
- Apr 9, 2011, 8:08 PM EDT (00:08 UTC)
- Expired
- Apr 9, 2011, 8:38 PM EDT
- In force
- 30 min
- Issued by
- NWS Greenville-Spartanburg, SC
- Area
- Storm-based polygon
Counties Cleveland County, NC, Rutherford County, NC, Cherokee County, SC, Spartanburg County, SC
The radar
The Greer radar (KGSP), 62 km from the middle of the area, began a volume at 00:10 UTC, the scan nearest the moment this went out.
Open the radar archive at this moment
The archived warnings, watches and discussions in force at that minute are drawn over the scan, this one among them.
What was reported inside it
| Time | Report | Where | Remark |
|---|---|---|---|
| Apr 9, 8:13 PM EDT | HAIL 2 | 2 Sw Ellenboro, NC | ALONG HW-74 |
| Apr 9, 8:30 PM EDT | HAIL 1.75 | 2 Ssw Boiling Springs N, NC | |
| Apr 9, 8:35 PM EDT | HAIL 1 | Forest City, NC | |
| Apr 9, 8:43 PM EDT | HAIL 2.75 | 5 N Gaffney, SC | DAMAGE TO ROOF IN GRASSY POND AREA |
Local storm reports filed while the alert was in force, from inside its polygon or its counties.
Did it verify
Verified. The Iowa Environmental Mesonet's Cow matched 3 storm reports to this severe thunderstorm warning; the first came 5 minutes after it went out.
Cow counts a report within 15 km of the polygon while the warning was in force: a tornado for a tornado warning; hail of 1 inch or more, a gust of 58 mph or more or wind damage for a severe thunderstorm warning; a flash flood report for a flash flood warning.
The watch it was issued in
The SPC watch in force over the same counties when this warning went out.
| Issued | Product | Office | Lasted |
|---|---|---|---|
| Apr 9, 2:44 PM EDT | Severe Thunderstorm Watch | SPC | 6 hr |
| Apr 9, 6:16 PM EDT | Tornado Watch | SPC | 6 hr |
| Apr 9, 2:00 PM EDT | Tornado Watch | SPC | 7 hr |
The nearest sounding before it
Greensboro/Hi Pt, NC (KGSO), launched 00:00Z, 0.1 hours before the alert went out and 187 km from the middle of its area. This is the routine balloon launch nearest before it, the air the forecaster had in hand, not a measurement taken for the alert.
- Mixed-layer CAPE
- 0 J/kg
- Mixed-layer CIN
- No buoyant parcel
- Mixed-layer LCL
- 669 m above ground
- 0-6 km bulk shear
- 65 kt
- 0-1 km storm-relative helicity
- 317 m²/s²
- 0-3 km storm-relative helicity
- 506 m²/s²
- Significant tornado parameter
- 0.0
- Supercell composite
- 1.3
The text
As transmitted, in the capitals the NWS used until 2016.
615 WUUS52 KGSP 100008 SVRGSP NCC045-161-SCC021-083-100115- /O.NEW.KGSP.SV.W.0085.110410T0008Z-110410T0115Z/ BULLETIN - EAS ACTIVATION REQUESTED SEVERE THUNDERSTORM WARNING NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE GREENVILLE-SPARTANBURG SC 808 PM EDT SAT APR 9 2011 THE NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE IN GREENVILLE-SPARTANBURG HAS ISSUED A * SEVERE THUNDERSTORM WARNING FOR... SOUTHERN CLEVELAND COUNTY IN THE PIEDMONT OF NORTH CAROLINA... NORTHWESTERN CHEROKEE COUNTY IN UPSTATE SOUTH CAROLINA... NORTHEASTERN SPARTANBURG COUNTY IN UPSTATE SOUTH CAROLINA... SOUTHERN RUTHERFORD COUNTY IN WESTERN NORTH CAROLINA... * UNTIL 915 PM EDT * AT 806 PM EDT...NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE DOPPLER RADAR INDICATED A SEVERE THUNDERSTORM CAPABLE OF PRODUCING BASEBALL SIZE HAIL...AND DAMAGING WINDS IN EXCESS OF 60 MPH. THIS STORM WAS LOCATED NEAR ALEXANDER MILLS...OR 8 MILES SOUTHEAST OF RUTHERFORDTON...MOVING SOUTHEAST AT 30 MPH. * LOCATIONS IMPACTED INCLUDE... MOORESBORO... CLIFFSIDE...CHESNEE AND LATTIMORE... BOILING SPRINGS NC... MAYO AND SHELBY... PATTERSON SPRINGS... PRECAUTIONARY/PREPAREDNESS ACTIONS... A TORNADO WATCH IS IN EFFECT FOR THE WARNED AREA. SEVERE THUNDERSTORMS CAN AND OCCASIONALLY DO PRODUCE TORNADOES WITH LITTLE OR NO ADVANCE WARNING. SEEK SHELTER IN AN INTERIOR ROOM ON THE LOWEST LEVEL OF A HOUSE OR OTHER STURDY STRUCTURE IF A TORNADO IS SPOTTED. TO REPORT DAMAGING WINDS...LARGE HAIL...OR FLOODING...THROUGH OUR AUTOMATED REPORTING SYSTEM...CALL OUR TOLL FREE NUMBER... 1 8 7 7...6 3 3...6 7 7 2. && LAT...LON 3527 8143 3499 8189 3529 8198 3540 8176 TIME...MOT...LOC 0009Z 322DEG 26KT 3529 8182 $$ KRENTZ
1 follow-up statement
281 WWUS52 KGSP 100038 SVSGSP SEVERE WEATHER STATEMENT NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE GREENVILLE-SPARTANBURG SC 838 PM EDT SAT APR 9 2011 NCC045-161-SCC021-083-100048- /O.CAN.KGSP.SV.W.0085.000000T0000Z-110410T0115Z/ CLEVELAND NC-CHEROKEE SC-SPARTANBURG SC-RUTHERFORD NC- 838 PM EDT SAT APR 9 2011 ...THE SEVERE THUNDERSTORM WARNING FOR SOUTHERN RUTHERFORD... NORTHEASTERN SPARTANBURG...NORTHWESTERN CHEROKEE AND SOUTHERN CLEVELAND COUNTIES IS CANCELLED... LAT...LON 3527 8143 3499 8189 3529 8198 3540 8176 TIME...MOT...LOC 0038Z 322DEG 26KT 3512 8166 $$ KRENTZ
What forecasters said that day
The local office's own words before this severe thunderstorm warning went out, as it sent them, from the Iowa Environmental Mesonet's archive of National Weather Service text.
NWS Greenville-Spartanburg, SC wrote its last area forecast discussion before this severe thunderstorm warning went out at Apr 9, 7:15 PM EDT, 53 minutes earlier.
Area forecast discussion, Apr 9, 7:15 PM EDT, 53 minutes before
AREA FORECAST DISCUSSION NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE GREENVILLE-SPARTANBURG SC 715 PM EDT SAT APR 9 2011 .SYNOPSIS... STRONG UPPER RIDGING WILL BUILD ATOP THE REGION FOR SUNDAY BUT GIVE WAY TO AN APPROACHING COLD FRONT MONDAY NIGHT. HIGH PRESSURE THEN RETURNS FOR TUESDAY AND WEDNESDAY. && .NEAR TERM /THROUGH SUNDAY/... UPDATED PRODUCTS TO REFLECT LATEST TORNADO WATCH 115. MADE OTHER ADJUSTMENTS TO POPS/WX/TEMP/DP/RH AND WINDS FOR HTIS UPDATE. PREVIOUS DISCUSSION...WATER VAPOR IMAGERY SHOWS THE POTENT UPSTREAM MCV OVER THE OH VALLEY...WITH A STRONG MCC AHEAD OF IT. STRONG TO SEVERE CONVECTION IS DEVELOPING TO THE SOUTH OF THIS FEATURE IN THE VERY UNSTABLE WARM SECTOR AIRMASS. LAPS CAPE VALUES ARE ALREADY AROUND 3000 J/KG ACROSS MUCH OF THE AREA...AND ADDITIONAL DEWPOINT RECOVERY IS LIKELY THROUGH LATE AFTERNOON IN THE SOUTHERLY FLOW. FORCING IS BETTER NORTH THAN SOUTH THROUGH THE PM HOURS...BUT HEALTHY SRN TIER POPS WILL BE NEEDED AS OUTFLOWS DEVELOP. THERE IS CONSIDERABLE CIN TO BE OVERCOME IN THE SOUNDINGS ACROSS SRN SECTIONS...BUT INSTABILITY WILL BE QUITE STRONG WHEN REALIZED. FREEZING LEVELS AROUND 12 K FT...STEEP LAPSE RATES ALOFT...AND IMPROVING SHEAR PROFILES WILL MAKE FOR A ROBUST SEVERE WEATHER THREAT THROUGH THE EARLY EVENING HOURS. STORM CORES TO 22 OR 23 KFT SHOULD BE SUFFICIENT FOR LARGE HAIL...AND VERY LARGE HAIL WILL BE POSSIBLE ALONG WITH SIGNIFICANT WIND DAMAGE. WARM ADVECTION WILL INCREASE ALONG THE 850 MB BAROCLINIC ZONE THROUGH THE EVENING HOURS...WITH WARM ADVECTION THE STRONGEST IN THE DEEPER MOISTURE ACROSS THE NE HALF. THE BEST LATE EVENING POPS WILL BE FEATURED THERE AS THE MCV MOVES EAST OF THE AREA. PATCHY FOG IS EXPECTED OVERNIGHT IN AREAS RECEIVING APPRECIABLE RAINFALL...AND MIN TEMPS SHOULD BE ON THE MILD SIDE DESPITE THE SFC FRONT SAGGING BACK TO THE SW. UPPER LEVEL HEIGHTS WILL BUILD SHARPLY OVER THE AREA THE REST OF TONIGHT THROUGH SUNDAY. 850 MB TEMPS WILL WARM ANOTHER COUPLE OF DEGREES UNDER THE RIDGE TO PRODUCE A VERY WARM SUNDAY AFTERNOON. A PLUME OF RICH THETA E AIR IS EXPECTED TO STRETCH ACROSS THE FORECAST AREA SUN AFTN...BUT A TRIGGER FOR CONVECTION WILL BE HARD TO FIND. && .SHORT TERM /SUNDAY NIGHT THROUGH TUESDAY/... AT 215 PM SATURDAY...LARGER SCALE LIFT AHEAD OF DEVELOPING SOUTHERN STREAM S/WV WILL OVERSPREAD THE CWFA LATE MONDAY INTO MONDAY NIGHT. IT IS STILL LIKELY THAT A ROUND OF FRONTAL BAND PCPN WILL AFFECT THE AREA DURING THIS PERIOD...HOWEVER...JUST LIKE WHAT WAS FCST YESTERDAY...TSTM MAGNITUDE IS QUESTIONABLE...WITH THE 09 UTC SREF PROBABILITIES OF CAPE VALUES OF AT LEAST 1000 J/KG STILL VERY LOW. PRE-FRONTAL PRESSURE GRADIENT TIGHTENS ENUF TO DEVELOP BREEZY CONDS MONDAY AFTERNOON...AND DESPITE ENCROACHING CLOUDS...ANOTHER WARM DAY IS ON TAP. ENCROACHING DRY SLOT TUESDAY MORNING EXPECTED TO QUICKLY DIMINISH PCPN CHANCES DESPITE AXIS OF MID-LVL WAVE NOT TRANSLATING DOWNSTREAM OF THE CWFA UNTIL LATER IN THE DAY. WILL SHOOT FOR INCREASING SUNSHINE WITH MAX TEMPS CLOSER TO CLIMO...ALBEIT NEAR 5 DEG F ABOVE NORMAL. && .LONG TERM /TUESDAY NIGHT THROUGH SATURDAY/... AT 230 PM SATURDAY...IT LOOKS LIKE THERE IS ENUF AGREEMENT BETWEEN THE 12 UTC OP GFS AND THE LATEST HPC EXTENDED PROGS IN DEPICTING DEEP LAYERED RIDGING ATOP THE EASTERN CONUS FOR WEDNESDAY TO PROVIDE DRY AND SEASONABLY MILD WX. THE ONSET OF INCREASINGLY MOIST GULF TAP AHEAD OF ENCROACHING PLAINS SYSTEM IS SLATED FOR THURSDAY...BUT WOULD EXPECT ANOTHER ESSENTIALLY DRY AND SEASONABLY MILD DAY. IT REMAINS TO BE SEEN HOW QUICKLY AND TO WHAT DEGREE AFOREMENTIONED SYSTEM GETS WRAPPED UP AS IT HEADS TOWARD THE GREAT LAKES BY THE END OF THE PERIOD. THE ATTENDANT MODERATELY FORCED COLD FRONT WILL STEADILY ENCROACH AS WELL AND IT/S PROBABLE THAT THE MILD AND MOISTENING AIRMASS WILL PROVIDE FUEL FOR DAILY TSTM CHANCES IN THE WARM SECTOR. && .AVIATION /23Z SATURDAY THROUGH THURSDAY/... AT KCLT AND ELSEWHERE...CONVECTION CONTINUES TO BE MAIN CONCERN THIS EVE WITH DAMAGING WINDS AND LARGE HAIL PSBL. COOLER...MORE STABLE AIR WILL BEGIN TO PUSH IN FROM THE NE AS WEAK SFC BOUNDARY DIPS BACK TO THE SW...WITH ASSOCIATED MVFR/IFR CIGS KHKY AND KCLT AND NE WINDS. WINDS WILL BE S-SW ELSEWHERE. CONVECTION SHOULD BEGIN TO WEAKEN BY LATE EVE. LOW CLOUDS WILL SCATTER OUT UNDER THE BUILDING RIDGE SUNDAY WITH VFR ACROSS CWA BY AFTN. OUTLOOK....EXPECT SCT SHWRS/TSTMS WITH A COLD FRONT MONDAY. DRIER HIGH PRES IS EXPECTED TUE AND WED. && .GSP WATCHES/WARNINGS/ADVISORIES... GA...NONE. NC...NONE. SC...NONE. && SYNOPSIS...CSH NEAR TERM...HG/RB SHORT TERM...CSH LONG TERM...CSH AVIATION...RB
Hazardous weather outlook, Apr 9, 6:37 PM EDT, 1 hour 31 minutes before
HAZARDOUS WEATHER OUTLOOK NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE GREENVILLE-SPARTANBURG SC 637 PM EDT SAT APR 9 2011 GAZ010-017-018-026-028-029-NCZ035>037-056-057-069-072-SCZ001-004- 102245- RABUN-HABERSHAM-STEPHENS-FRANKLIN-HART-ELBERT-ALEXANDER-IREDELL- DAVIE-CATAWBA-ROWAN-LINCOLN-CABARRUS-OCONEE MOUNTAINS-GREATER OCONEE- 637 PM EDT SAT APR 9 2011 ...SEVERE THUNDERSTORM WATCH 114 IN EFFECT UNTIL 9 PM EDT THIS EVENING... THIS HAZARDOUS WEATHER OUTLOOK IS FOR NORTHEAST GEORGIA...PIEDMONT NORTH CAROLINA...WESTERN NORTH CAROLINA AND UPSTATE SOUTH CAROLINA. .DAY ONE...TONIGHT. PLEASE LISTEN TO NOAA WEATHER RADIO OR GO TO WEATHER.GOV ON THE INTERNET FOR MORE INFORMATION ABOUT THE FOLLOWING HAZARDS. SEVERE THUNDERSTORM WATCH. .DAYS TWO THROUGH SEVEN...SUNDAY THROUGH FRIDAY. NO HAZARDOUS WEATHER IS EXPECTED AT THIS TIME. .SPOTTER INFORMATION STATEMENT... NONE. NCZ048-049-051>053-059-063>065-068-070-071-082-503>510-SCZ002-003- 005>014-019-102245- MADISON-YANCEY-SWAIN-HAYWOOD-BUNCOMBE-NORTHERN JACKSON- SOUTHERN JACKSON-TRANSYLVANIA-HENDERSON-CLEVELAND-GASTON-MECKLENBURG- UNION NC-BURKE MOUNTAINS-GREATER BURKE-MCDOWELL MOUNTAINS- EASTERN MCDOWELL-RUTHERFORD MOUNTAINS-GREATER RUTHERFORD- POLK MOUNTAINS-EASTERN POLK-PICKENS MOUNTAINS-GREENVILLE MOUNTAINS- GREATER PICKENS-GREATER GREENVILLE-SPARTANBURG-CHEROKEE-YORK- ANDERSON-ABBEVILLE-LAURENS-UNION SC-CHESTER-GREENWOOD- 637 PM EDT SAT APR 9 2011 ...TORNADO WATCH 115 IN EFFECT UNTIL 2 AM EDT SUNDAY... THIS HAZARDOUS WEATHER OUTLOOK IS FOR PIEDMONT NORTH CAROLINA...WESTERN NORTH CAROLINA AND UPSTATE SOUTH CAROLINA. .DAY ONE...TONIGHT. PLEASE LISTEN TO NOAA WEATHER RADIO OR GO TO WEATHER.GOV ON THE INTERNET FOR MORE INFORMATION ABOUT THE FOLLOWING HAZARDS. TORNADO WATCH. .DAYS TWO THROUGH SEVEN...SUNDAY THROUGH FRIDAY. NO HAZARDOUS WEATHER IS EXPECTED AT THIS TIME. .SPOTTER INFORMATION STATEMENT... NONE. NCZ033-050-058-062-501-502-102245- AVERY-MITCHELL-GRAHAM-MACON-CALDWELL MOUNTAINS-GREATER CALDWELL- 637 PM EDT SAT APR 9 2011 ...TORNADO WATCH 113 IN EFFECT UNTIL 9 PM EDT THIS EVENING... THIS HAZARDOUS WEATHER OUTLOOK IS FOR WESTERN NORTH CAROLINA. .DAY ONE...TONIGHT. PLEASE LISTEN TO NOAA WEATHER RADIO OR GO TO WEATHER.GOV ON THE INTERNET FOR MORE INFORMATION ABOUT THE FOLLOWING HAZARDS. TORNADO WATCH. .DAYS TWO THROUGH SEVEN...SUNDAY THROUGH FRIDAY. NO HAZARDOUS WEATHER IS EXPECTED AT THIS TIME. .SPOTTER INFORMATION STATEMENT... NONE.
In the hours before
Local storm report, Apr 9, 7:35 PM EDT, 33 minutes before
PRELIMINARY LOCAL STORM REPORT
NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE GREENVILLE-SPARTANBURG SC
735 PM EDT SAT APR 09 2011
..TIME... ...EVENT... ...CITY LOCATION... ...LAT.LON...
..DATE... ....MAG.... ..COUNTY LOCATION..ST.. ...SOURCE....
..REMARKS..
0610 PM HAIL 1 SE MORGANTON 35.73N 81.69W
04/09/2011 E1.00 INCH BURKE NC TRAINED SPOTTER
ON OLD SHELBY ROAD.
0733 PM HAIL OLD FORT 35.63N 82.18W
04/09/2011 E1.00 INCH MCDOWELL NC TRAINED SPOTTER
&&
BSHLocal storm report, Apr 9, 7:39 PM EDT, 29 minutes before
PRELIMINARY LOCAL STORM REPORT
NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE GREENVILLE-SPARTANBURG SC
739 PM EDT SAT APR 09 2011
..TIME... ...EVENT... ...CITY LOCATION... ...LAT.LON...
..DATE... ....MAG.... ..COUNTY LOCATION..ST.. ...SOURCE....
..REMARKS..
0730 PM HAIL 3 SW CASAR 35.48N 81.66W
04/09/2011 E1.00 INCH CLEVELAND NC TRAINED SPOTTER
&&Local storm report, Apr 9, 7:41 PM EDT, 27 minutes before
PRELIMINARY LOCAL STORM REPORT
NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE GREENVILLE-SPARTANBURG SC
741 PM EDT SAT APR 09 2011
..TIME... ...EVENT... ...CITY LOCATION... ...LAT.LON...
..DATE... ....MAG.... ..COUNTY LOCATION..ST.. ...SOURCE....
..REMARKS..
0715 PM HAIL BARNARDSVILLE 35.78N 82.45W
04/09/2011 E0.88 INCH BUNCOMBE NC TRAINED SPOTTER
&&Local storm report, Apr 9, 7:46 PM EDT, 22 minutes before
PRELIMINARY LOCAL STORM REPORT
NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE GREENVILLE-SPARTANBURG SC
746 PM EDT SAT APR 09 2011
..TIME... ...EVENT... ...CITY LOCATION... ...LAT.LON...
..DATE... ....MAG.... ..COUNTY LOCATION..ST.. ...SOURCE....
..REMARKS..
0742 PM HAIL 8 N SHELBY 35.40N 81.54W
04/09/2011 E1.00 INCH CLEVELAND NC AMATEUR RADIO
HW-226 FERNDALE
&&Local storm report, Apr 9, 7:52 PM EDT, 16 minutes before
PRELIMINARY LOCAL STORM REPORT
NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE GREENVILLE-SPARTANBURG SC
752 PM EDT SAT APR 09 2011
..TIME... ...EVENT... ...CITY LOCATION... ...LAT.LON...
..DATE... ....MAG.... ..COUNTY LOCATION..ST.. ...SOURCE....
..REMARKS..
0747 PM HAIL CONCORD 35.41N 80.59W
04/09/2011 E1.00 INCH CABARRUS NC TRAINED SPOTTER
&&Local storm report, Apr 9, 8:02 PM EDT, 6 minutes before
PRELIMINARY LOCAL STORM REPORT
NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE GREENVILLE-SPARTANBURG SC
802 PM EDT SAT APR 09 2011
..TIME... ...EVENT... ...CITY LOCATION... ...LAT.LON...
..DATE... ....MAG.... ..COUNTY LOCATION..ST.. ...SOURCE....
..REMARKS..
0754 PM HAIL 5 SSE SHELBY 35.22N 81.52W
04/09/2011 E1.25 INCH CLEVELAND NC AMATEUR RADIO
&&The office that day
Everything else NWS Greenville-Spartanburg, SC issued on the same UTC day.
| Issued | Product | Office | Counties | Lasted |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Apr 9, 8:11 PM EDT | Severe Thunderstorm Warning | GSP | Greenville | 39 min |
| Apr 9, 8:29 PM EDT | Severe Thunderstorm Warning | GSP | Cherokee, Union, York | 34 min |
| Apr 9, 8:32 PM EDT | Severe Thunderstorm Warning | GSP | Chester, York | 43 min |
| Apr 9, 8:56 PM EDT | Severe Thunderstorm Warning | GSP | Chester, Union, York | 64 min |
| Apr 9, 9:14 PM EDT | Severe Thunderstorm Warning | GSP | Cherokee, York | 43 min |
| Apr 9, 9:20 PM EDT | Severe Thunderstorm Warning | GSP | Cherokee | 17 min |
| Apr 9, 9:23 PM EDT | Severe Thunderstorm Warning | GSP | Chester | 37 min |
| Apr 9, 10:04 PM EDT | Severe Thunderstorm Warning | GSP | Chester, York | 44 min |
| Apr 9, 8:06 PM EDT | Severe Thunderstorm Warning | GSP | Buncombe, Madison | 54 min |
| Apr 9, 9:48 PM EDT | Special Weather Statement | GSP | Madison | 42 min |
| Apr 9, 10:01 PM EDT | Special Weather Statement | GSP | Madison | 44 min |
| Apr 9, 10:19 PM EDT | Special Weather Statement | GSP | Henderson | 26 min |
| Apr 9, 11:49 PM EDT | Special Weather Statement | GSP | Union | 41 min |
| Apr 10, 3:29 AM EDT | Dense Fog Advisory | GSP | Alexander, Buncombe, Burke, Caldwell, Catawba, Henderson and 3 more | 7 hr |
Nearby
Severe Thunderstorm Warnings in South Carolina, 2011Severe Thunderstorm Warnings in North Carolina, 2011Every severe thunderstorm warning in 2011
Sources
The product and its follow-ups from the Iowa Environmental Mesonet's archive of National Weather Service and Storm Prediction Center text; local storm reports from the same archive; the sounding from the Mesonet's radiosonde archive; radar from the NEXRAD Level II archive.