Severe Thunderstorm Warning 114, NWS Dodge City, KS

600 
WWUS53 KDDC 170239
SVSDDC

SEVERE WEATHER STATEMENT
NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE DODGE CITY KS
939 PM CDT THU JUN 16 2011

KSC097-185-170247-
/O.CAN.KDDC.SV.W.0114.000000T0000Z-110617T0315Z/
STAFFORD KS-KIOWA KS-
939 PM CDT THU JUN 16 2011

...THE SEVERE THUNDERSTORM WARNING FOR EXTREME EASTERN KIOWA AND
SOUTHERN STAFFORD COUNTIES IS CANCELLED...

THE STORM WHICH PROMPTED THE WARNING HAS MOVED OUT OF THE WARNED 
AREA.

LAT...LON 3720 9835 3732 9886 3783 9889 3782 9847
      3739 9846 3738 9834
TIME...MOT...LOC 0237Z 279DEG 33KT 3755 9866

$$

KSC007-151-170315-
/O.CON.KDDC.SV.W.0114.000000T0000Z-110617T0315Z/
PRATT KS-BARBER KS-
939 PM CDT THU JUN 16 2011

...A SEVERE THUNDERSTORM WARNING REMAINS IN EFFECT FOR NORTHERN
BARBER AND PRATT COUNTIES UNTIL 1015 PM CDT...

AT 929 PM CDT...TRAINED WEATHER SPOTTERS REPORTED A SEVERE
THUNDERSTORM PRODUCING QUARTER SIZE HAIL...AND DESTRUCTIVE HURRICANE
FORCE WINDS IN EXCESS OF 80 MPH.  THIS STORM WAS LOCATED 5 MILES
NORTHEAST OF COATS...AND MOVING EAST AT 40 MPH.

LOCATIONS IMPACTED INCLUDE...
  SAWYER...
  CAIRO...
  ISABEL...
  SHARON...
  MAINLY RURAL AREAS OF NORTHERN BARBER AND PRATT COUNTIES.

PRECAUTIONARY/PREPAREDNESS ACTIONS...

BE ALERT FOR RAPIDLY CHANGING WEATHER CONDITIONS. IF CAUGHT OUTSIDE
SEEK A STURDY SHELTER AND STAY AWAY FROM WINDOWS UNTIL THE STORM HAS
PASSED.

THIS STORM IS CONSIDERED A SUPERCELL STORM...WHICH HAS THE POTENTIAL
TO CAUSE SERIOUS INJURY AND SIGNIFICANT DAMAGE TO PROPERTY. SUPERCELL
STORMS CAN ALSO PRODUCE TORNADOES...HOWEVER THE PRIMARY THREAT WITH
THIS STORM IS DESTRUCTIVE HAIL AND STRAIGHT LINE WINDS. SEEK SAFE
SHELTER AND STAY AWAY FROM WINDOWS!

DESTRUCTIVE WINDS UP TO 90 MPH WERE REPORTED IN COATS WITH THIS 
STORM. THIS IS AN EXTREMELY DANGEROUS STORM... SEEK SAFE SHELTER AND 
STAY AWAY FROM WINDOWS!

&&

LAT...LON 3720 9835 3732 9886 3783 9889 3782 9847
      3739 9846 3738 9834
TIME...MOT...LOC 0237Z 279DEG 33KT 3755 9866
WIND...HAIL 80MPH 1.00IN

$$

GERARD

032 
WWUS53 KDDC 170304
SVSDDC

SEVERE WEATHER STATEMENT
NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE DODGE CITY KS
1004 PM CDT THU JUN 16 2011

KSC007-151-170314-
/O.CAN.KDDC.SV.W.0114.000000T0000Z-110617T0315Z/
PRATT KS-BARBER KS-
1004 PM CDT THU JUN 16 2011

...THE SEVERE THUNDERSTORM WARNING FOR NORTHERN BARBER AND PRATT
COUNTIES IS CANCELLED...

THE STORM WHICH PROMPTED THE WARNING HAS MOVED OUT OF THE WARNED
AREA...HOWEVER GUSTY WINDS AND HEAVY RAIN ARE STILL POSSIBLE WITH
THIS THUNDERSTORM.

LAT...LON 3720 9835 3732 9886 3783 9889 3782 9847
      3739 9846 3738 9834
TIME...MOT...LOC 0304Z 279DEG 33KT 3751 9835

$$

GERARD

AREA FORECAST DISCUSSION
NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE DODGE CITY KS
330 PM CDT THU JUN 16 2011

.SYNOPSIS...
CURRENTLY...CUMULUS CLOUDS HAVE INCREASED ACROSS OUR CWA OVER THE
LAST COUPLE OF HOURS. THE KDDC RADAR DEPICTS A FEW ELEVATED SHOWERS
ACROSS WESTERN PORTIONS OF OUR CWA. HOWEVER...WITH THE DRY
CONDITIONS OUT THERE...MOST OF THE RAIN IS NOT HITTING THE GROUND.
EARLIER TODAY AN MCS ROLLED THROUGH CENTRAL KANSAS LEAVING A
BOUNDARY ACROSS NORTHWESTERN PORTIONS OF OUR CWA. WINDS ARE
GENERALLY FROM THE SOUTHEAST AT 15 TO 20 MPH ACROSS THE EASTERN TWO
THIRDS OF THE CWA SHIFTING TO THE SOUTHWEST ACROSS THE FAR WESTERN
PORTION OF THE CWA WHERE A DRYLINE IS PRESENT. TEMPERATURES RANGE
FROM THE MID 80S ACROSS NORTHERN PORTIONS OF THE CWA...WHERE THE AIR
IS STILL INFLUENCED BY THE MCS THAT MOVED THROUGH EARLIER THIS
MORNING...TO MID 100S ACROSS SOUTHWESTERN PORTIONS OF THE CWA.
LOOKING AT THE WEATHER PATTERN ALOFT...THE UPPER LEVEL TROUGH IF
FOUND ACROSS THE INTERMOUNTAIN WEST AND THE AXIS OF THE UPPER LEVEL
RIDGE IS FOUND ACROSS THE MISSISSIPPI VALLEY. THE H250 JET IS
POSITIONED ACROSS ARIZONA AND NEW MEXICO STRETCHING INTO THE TEXAS
PANHANDLE BEFORE SWINGING SOUTH INTO CENTRAL TEXAS. TOWARDS THE
SURFACE...A WEAK AREA OF LOW PRESSURE IS FOUND ACROSS THE CO/KS
BORDER WITH AN ASSOCIATED WARM FRONT EXTENDING TO THE SOUTHEAST
ACROSS SOUTHERN KANSAS AND NORTHERN OKLAHOMA. A DRY LINE IS FOUND
DRAPED ACROSS THE TEXAS AND OKLAHOMA PANHANDLE...THEN INTO
SOUTHWESTERN KANSAS.

&&

.DISCUSSION...

DAYS 1-2...
A SHORTWAVE AT THE BASE OF THE AFOREMENTIONED TROUGH OF LOW PRESSURE
IS CURRENTLY FOUND ACROSS NEW MEXICO IS PROGGED TO SHIFT
NORTHEASTWARD ACROSS OUR CWA THIS AFTERNOON. AN UPPER LEVEL JET IS
FOUND ACROSS THE TEXAS PANHANDLE AND IS EXPECTED TO TRANSITION TO
THE NORTH LEAVING OUR CWA IN THE LEFT EXIT REGION. THESE FEATURES
WILL ENHANCE ANY CONVECTION THAT DEVELOPS THIS AFTERNOON. TOWARDS
THE SURFACE...AN AREA OF LOW PRESSURE IS FOUND ACROSS THE CO/KS
BORDER AND IS EXPECTED TO STRENGTHEN AS THE DAY PROGRESSES.
THUNDERSTORMS ARE EXPECTED TO FORM ALONG THE DRYLINE THIS EVENING
MAINLY EAST OF NESS CITY TO MEAD. THESE STORMS WILL BE ISOLATED IN
NATURE AND MAY BECOME SEVERE WITH WINDS AND MEDIUM SIZED HAIL BEING
THE MAIN CONCERN. ANY STORMS THAT DO FORM SHOULD TREK QUICKLY TO THE
EAST EVENTUALLY INTO THE ICT CWA BY MIDNIGHT. PARTLY CLOUDY SKIES
CAN BE EXPECTED ELSEWHERE AND ACROSS THE ENTIRE CWA OVERNIGHT AFTER
THE STORMS MOVE OUT OF THE AREA. LOWS TONIGHT WILL RANGE FROM THE
UPPER 60S ACROSS THE NORTHERN AND WESTERN PORTIONS OF OUR CWA TO
LOWER 70S ACROSS EASTERN PORTIONS OF OUR CWA.

TOMORROW AND TOMORROW NIGHT...
A COLD FRONT IS PROGGED TO MOVE THROUGH THE AREA AND STALL OUT
ACROSS THE OKLAHOMA BORDER. PRECIPITATION CHANCES WILL BE LOW DURING
THE DAY LEAVING PARTLY CLOUDY SKIES AND DRY CONDITIONS.  WINDS WILL
START OUT FROM THE SOUTHWEST SHIFTING TO THE NORTHWEST AS THE FRONT
MOVES THROUGH THE AREA. WINDS WILL EVENTUALLY SHIFT TO THE NORTH
TOWARDS SUNSET. A WIDE RANGE OF HIGH TEMPERATURES ARE IN STORE FOR
TOMORROW WITH UPPER 80S EXPECTED ACROSS THE HAYS AREA WHERE THE
FRONT IS EXPECTED TO MOVE THROUGH EARLY TO NEAR 100 DEGREES
ACROSS SOUTHERN PORTIONS OF OUR CWA WHERE THE FRONT IS NOT EXPECTED
TO MOVE THROUGH UNTIL LATER IN THE DAY. TEMPERATURES MAY HAVE TO BE
TWEAKED IF THE FRONT SLOWS DOWN OUR SPEEDS UP AS IT MOVES ACROSS OUR
AREA. A SLIGHT CHANCE OF SHOWERS AND THUNDERSTORMS IS FORECASTED
ACROSS SOUTHERN PORTIONS OF OUR FORECAST AREA TOMORROW AFTERNOON INTO
TOMORROW NIGHT AS MOIST ARE FROM THE SOUTH OVER RUNS THE STALLED OUT
FRONTAL BOUNDARY. THE CHANCE OF PRECIPITATION WILL SHIFT TO THE WEST
OVERNIGHT AND AFFECT WESTERN PORTIONS OF OUR CWA. MOSTLY CLOUDY
SKIES ARE EXPECTED ACROSS SOUTHERN KANSAS WITH PARTLY CLOUDY SKIES
ANTICIPATED TO THE NORTH. WINDS TOMORROW NIGHT WILL GENERALLY BE
FROM THE NORTHEAST WITH LOWS DIPPING INTO THE LOWER TO MID 60S.

SATURDAY...
THE FRONTAL BOUNDARY THAT STALLED OUT ACROSS NORTHERN OKLAHOMA WILL
START TO MOVE BACK TO THE NORTH AS A WARM FRONT. WINDS SOUTH OF THIS
BOUNDARY WILL SHIFT BACK TO THE SOUTHWEST BRINGING IN ABOVE NORMAL
TEMPERATURES TO OUR CWA ONCE AGAIN. HIGHS NEAR 100 WILL BE FELT
ACROSS SOUTHERN PORTIONS OF OUR CWA WHEREAS HIGHS NEAR 90 WILL BE
FELT ACROSS NORTHERN PORTIONS OF OUR CWA. A FEW THUNDERSTORMS WILL
BE POSSIBLE ACROSS NORTHERN PORTIONS OF THE CWA SATURDAY AS MOISTURE
OVER RUNS THE WARM FRONT.

DAYS 3-7...
THE MEDIUM RANGE MODELS ARE IN GENERAL AGREEMENT WITH THE IDEA OF A
JET STREAK TOPPING THE EASTERN PACIFIC RIDGE AND DIVING INTO THE
INTERMOUNTAIN WEST AT THE BEGINNING OF THE EXTENDED PERIOD. THIS
RESULTS IN A DIGGING TROUGH WITH A MID LEVEL LOW CLOSING OFF OVER
SOUTHERN IDAHO BY 12Z SUNDAY. AFTER THIS TIME DIFFERENCES START TO
SHOW UP BETWEEN THE MODELS AS WELL AS FROM RUN TO RUN IN ANY
SPECIFIC MODEL. IT APPEARS THAT THE ECMWF IS ABOUT THE MOST
CONSISTENT WITH PREVIOUS RUNS FOLLOWED BY THE CANADIAN. THE GFS HAS
SHOWN A MORE OPEN SOLUTION AS IT TENDS TO DO AND HAS ALSO SHOWN MORE
RUN TO RUN VARIABILITY. WITH THIS IN MIND WILL LEAN TOWARD THE ECMWF
SOLUTION.

FOR THE MOST PART THE GOING FORECAST IS NOT TOO FAR OFF WITH CURRENT
MODEL GUIDANCE. THE START OF THE EXTENDED PERIOD WILL SEE WEST
SOUTHWEST FLOW ALOFT OVER THE CENTRAL HIGH PLAINS. THE MODELS SHOW A
70 KNOT SUBTROPICAL JET EXTENDED FROM NORTHERN BAJA OUT ACROSS THE
PANHANDLES INTO NORTHEAST OKLAHOMA WHILE A WEAKER POLAR JET EXTENDS
FROM THE NEVADA INTO WESTERN NEBRASKA. THERE WILL BE A NEARLY
STATIONARY FRONTAL BOUNDARY EXTENDING OUT ACROSS WESTERN KANSAS OR
POSSIBLY FARTHER SOUTH ACROSS THE OKLAHOMA PANHANDLE WITH MOIST LOW
LEVEL UPSLOPE FLOW NORTH OF THE BOUNDARY.  THE CURRENT FORECAST HAS
CHANCE/SLIGHT CHANCE POPS ACROSS MUCH OF THE CWA SATURDAY NIGHT
WHICH LOOKS GOOD FOR NOW BUT WILL LIKELY NEED INCREASED AS THE
FORECAST BECOMES CLEARER.  BY SUNDAY AFTERNOON THE MODELS SHOW THE
SURFACE LOW DEEPENING OVER EASTERN COLORADO AS THE WESTERN CONUS
TROUGH DIGS AND SOUTHWESTERLY JET LEVEL FLOW INCREASES OVER THE
CENTRAL HIGH PLAINS. THIS WILL PULL A WARM FRONT NORTH ACROSS
WESTERN KANSAS DURING THE DAY SUNDAY. BY LATER IN THE AFTERNOON THIS
SHOULD PROVIDE FOCUS FOR THUNDERSTORMS ACROSS THE NORTHERN PART OF
THE CWA.

MONDAY INTO TUESDAY AS THE UPPER TROUGH MOVES OUT THROUGH THE
CENTRAL CONUS WE SHOULD SEE A COLD FRONT PUSH THROUGH WESTERN
KANSAS. CONSENSUS BETWEEN THE 12Z MODELS WOULD HAVE THE FRONT MOVING
THROUGH WESTERN KANSAS DURING THE DAY MONDAY WITH THE POSSIBILITY
FOR THUNDERSTORMS OVER OUT EASTERN CWA DURING THE AFTERNOON BUT
GIVEN THE MODEL DIFFERENCES WILL ALSO KEEP SOME POPS IN FOR TUESDAY
AS WELL. DURING THE MID TO LATTER PART OF THE WEEK THE WEATHER
SHOULD QUIET DOWN SOMEWHAT AS THE UPPER TROUGH MOVES BY AND WE COME
UNDER SOME MID/UPPER LEVEL RIDGING. BEYOND DAY SEVEN THE ECMWF
SUGGEST THAT WE WILL SEE ANOTHER STRONG WAVE DIGGING ALONG THE WEST
COAST WITH SOUTHWESTERLY FLOW ALOFT RETURNING TO THE CENTRAL PLAINS
ALONG WITH INCREASING CHANCES FOR THUNDERSTORMS.

&&

.AVIATION...
WIDELY SCATTERED THUNDERSTORMS SHOULD BE DEVELOPING OVER PARTS OF
SOUTHWEST KANSAS AFTER 21Z. SOME OF THE THUNDERSTORMS COULD BECOME
SEVERE WITH LARGE HAIL AND GUSTS IN EXCESS OF 60 KNOTS ESPECIALLY
AROUND HAYS IN THE 22Z-02Z TIME PERIOD. THUNDERSTORMS WILL BE MORE
ISOLATED AROUND GARDEN CITY AND DODGE CITY FROM 21Z TO 01Z BUT
STORMS IN THESE AREAS WILL ALSO BE CAPABLE OF PRODUCING HAIL AND
HIGH WIND GUSTS.

&&

.FIRE WEATHER...
ABOVE NORMAL TEMPERATURES OF 100-105 DEGREES ARE EXPECTED THIS
AFTERNOON WITH THE HOTTEST TEMPERATURES LOCATED WITHIN THE RED FLAG
WARNING AREA. A DRYLINE WILL SURGE EAST WITH WITH RELATIVE
HUMIDITIES CRASHING AS A RESULT. RH'S IN THE 10-15 PERCENT RANGE ARE
EXPECTED WEST OF THE DRYLINE. THE ATMOSPHERE WILL BECOME VERY MIXED
AND DRY ADIABATIC SO SOME HIGHER WINDS IN THE FREE ATMOSPHERE SHOULD
MIX DOWN NEAR SURFACE. ALL THESE FACTORS COMBINED WILL CREATE
CRITICAL FIRE WEATHER CONDITIONS TODAY WITH EXPLOSIVE FIRE GROWTH
POTENTIAL.

&&

.PRELIMINARY POINT TEMPS/POPS...
DDC 102  68  92  64 /  20  10  10  10
GCK 102  65  91  63 /  20  10  10  20
EHA 106  65  96  66 /  10   0  20  20
LBL 104  66  98  64 /  20  10  20  20
HYS  91  68  89  63 /  20  30  10  20
P28 101  72  98  69 /  20  30  10  10

&&

.DDC WATCHES/WARNINGS/ADVISORIES...
RED FLAG WARNING UNTIL 9 PM CDT /8 PM MDT/ THIS EVENING FOR
KSZ043-061>063-074>077-084>087.

&&

FN42/02/02

HAZARDOUS WEATHER OUTLOOK
NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE DODGE CITY KS
258 PM CDT THU JUN 16 2011

KSZ030-031-043>046-061>066-074>081-084>090-172000-
TREGO-ELLIS-SCOTT-LANE-NESS-RUSH-HAMILTON-KEARNY-FINNEY-HODGEMAN-
PAWNEE-STAFFORD-STANTON-GRANT-HASKELL-GRAY-FORD-EDWARDS-KIOWA-
PRATT-MORTON-STEVENS-SEWARD-MEADE-CLARK-COMANCHE-BARBER-
258 PM CDT THU JUN 16 2011 /158 PM MDT THU JUN 16 2011/

THIS HAZARDOUS WEATHER OUTLOOK IS FOR PORTIONS OF CENTRAL...SOUTH
CENTRAL...SOUTHWEST AND WEST CENTRAL KANSAS.

.DAY ONE...THIS AFTERNOON AND TONIGHT

A RED FLAG WARNING IS IN EFFECT FROM 1 PM CDT UNTIL 9 PM CDT WEST
OF A LINE FROM SCOTT COUNTY TO MEADE COUNTY. SEE FIRE WEATHER MESSAGE
FOR SPECIFIC DETAILS.

LATE AFTERNOON AND EVENING THUNDERSTORMS ARE POSSIBLE EAST OF A
LINE FROM PENDENNIS TO MEADE. THE MAIN THREAT ASSOCIATED WITH THESE
STORMS WILL BE GUSTY WINDS POSSIBLY TO 60 MPH. HAIL UP TO THE SIZE
OF TENNIS BALLS MAY BE POSSIBLE IN THE STRONGEST CELLS.

.DAYS TWO THROUGH SEVEN...FRIDAY THROUGH WEDNESDAY

ISOLATED AFTERNOON AND EARLY EVENING THUNDERSTORMS ARE POSSIBLE ACROSS
MUCH OF SOUTHWEST AND SOUTH CENTRAL KANSAS FRIDAY THROUGH TUESDAY.
IT IS TOO EARLY TO DETERMINE IF THESE STORMS WILL BE SEVERE.

.SPOTTER INFORMATION STATEMENT...

SPOTTERS ARE ENCOURAGED TO REPORT SEVERE WEATHER TO THE SHERIFFS
OFFICE WHO WILL THEN RELAY TO THE NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE.

&&

FOR MORE INFORMATION VISIT OUR WEBPAGE AT HTTP://WEATHER.GOV/DDC

WAH

PRELIMINARY LOCAL STORM REPORT
NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE DODGE CITY KS
854 PM CDT THU JUN 16 2011

..TIME...   ...EVENT...      ...CITY LOCATION...     ...LAT.LON...
..DATE...   ....MAG....      ..COUNTY LOCATION..ST.. ...SOURCE....
            ..REMARKS..

0851 PM     TSTM WND GST     1 SW PRESTON            37.75N 98.57W
06/16/2011  E60.00 MPH       PRATT              KS   EMERGENCY MNGR

&&

GERARD

PRELIMINARY LOCAL STORM REPORT
NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE DODGE CITY KS
901 PM CDT THU JUN 16 2011

..TIME...   ...EVENT...      ...CITY LOCATION...     ...LAT.LON...
..DATE...   ....MAG....      ..COUNTY LOCATION..ST.. ...SOURCE....
            ..REMARKS..

0852 PM     TSTM WND GST     3 NW COLDWATER          37.29N 99.38W
06/16/2011  M54 MPH          COMANCHE           KS   LAW ENFORCEMENT

&&

MB

PRELIMINARY LOCAL STORM REPORT
NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE DODGE CITY KS
909 PM CDT THU JUN 16 2011

..TIME...   ...EVENT...      ...CITY LOCATION...     ...LAT.LON...
..DATE...   ....MAG....      ..COUNTY LOCATION..ST.. ...SOURCE....
            ..REMARKS..

0902 PM     HAIL             PRESTON                 37.76N 98.56W
06/16/2011  E1.75 INCH       PRATT              KS   TRAINED SPOTTER

0902 PM     TSTM WND GST     PRESTON                 37.76N 98.56W
06/16/2011  E70.00 MPH       PRATT              KS   TRAINED SPOTTER

&&

RBURG

PRELIMINARY LOCAL STORM REPORT
NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE DODGE CITY KS
910 PM CDT THU JUN 16 2011

..TIME...   ...EVENT...      ...CITY LOCATION...     ...LAT.LON...
..DATE...   ....MAG....      ..COUNTY LOCATION..ST.. ...SOURCE....
            ..REMARKS..

0909 PM     HAIL             HAVILAND                37.62N 99.11W
06/16/2011  E1.00 INCH       KIOWA              KS   TRAINED SPOTTER

&&

MB

PRELIMINARY LOCAL STORM REPORT
NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE DODGE CITY KS
913 PM CDT THU JUN 16 2011

..TIME...   ...EVENT...      ...CITY LOCATION...     ...LAT.LON...
..DATE...   ....MAG....      ..COUNTY LOCATION..ST.. ...SOURCE....
            ..REMARKS..

0903 PM     TSTM WND DMG     PRATT                   37.65N 98.74W
06/16/2011                   PRATT              KS   EMERGENCY MNGR

            A TEN TO TWELVE INCH DIAMETER TREE WAS BLOWN DOWN. FOUR
            TO FIVE INCH DIAMETER TREE LIMBS WERE BLOWN DOWN. A HOTEL
            SIGN WAS BLOWN DOWN. THIS DAMAGE OCCURRED IN THE WEST
            PART OF THE CITY OF PRATT.

0904 PM     HAIL             3 SSW HAVILAND          37.58N 99.12W
06/16/2011  E1.00 INCH       KIOWA              KS   TRAINED SPOTTER

0904 PM     TSTM WND GST     3 SSW HAVILAND          37.58N 99.12W
06/16/2011  E70.00 MPH       KIOWA              KS   TRAINED SPOTTER

&&

GERARD

PRELIMINARY LOCAL STORM REPORT
NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE DODGE CITY KS
920 PM CDT THU JUN 16 2011

..TIME...   ...EVENT...      ...CITY LOCATION...     ...LAT.LON...
..DATE...   ....MAG....      ..COUNTY LOCATION..ST.. ...SOURCE....
            ..REMARKS..

0913 PM     TSTM WND GST     3 ENE CROFT             37.51N 98.94W
06/16/2011  E70.00 MPH       PRATT              KS   EMERGENCY MNGR

&&

GERARD