Alert archive / Pennsylvania / Severe Thunderstorm Watches in 2010

Severe Thunderstorm Watch 521

July 23, 201023 counties in New York; 6 counties in Ohio; 40 counties in Pennsylvania

The Storm Prediction Center issued this severe thunderstorm watch at Jul 23, 2010, 12:46 PM EDT for 23 counties in New York; 6 counties in Ohio; 40 counties in Pennsylvania. It was in force for 7 hr.

The area

The outline as issued.

The facts

Issued
Jul 23, 2010, 12:46 PM EDT (16:46 UTC)
Expired
Jul 23, 2010, 8:00 PM EDT
In force
7 hr
Issued by
the Storm Prediction Center
Largest hail expected
1 in
Strongest gust expected
60 kt
All 69 counties

Allegany County, NY, Broome County, NY, Cattaraugus County, NY, Cayuga County, NY, Chautauqua County, NY, Chemung County, NY, Delaware County, NY, Erie County, NY, Genesee County, NY, Livingston County, NY, Monroe County, NY, Niagara County, NY, Ontario County, NY, Orleans County, NY, Schuyler County, NY, Seneca County, NY, Steuben County, NY, Sullivan County, NY, Tioga County, NY, Tompkins County, NY, Wayne County, NY, Wyoming County, NY, Yates County, NY, Ashtabula County, OH, Geauga County, OH, Lake County, OH, Mahoning County, OH, Portage County, OH, Trumbull County, OH, Blair County, PA, Bradford County, PA, Cambria County, PA, Cameron County, PA, Centre County, PA, Clarion County, PA, Clearfield County, PA, Clinton County, PA, Columbia County, PA, Crawford County, PA, Dauphin County, PA, Elk County, PA, Erie County, PA, Forest County, PA, Huntingdon County, PA, Jefferson County, PA, Juniata County, PA, Lackawanna County, PA, Lawrence County, PA, Lebanon County, PA, Luzerne County, PA, Lycoming County, PA, McKean County, PA, Mercer County, PA, Mifflin County, PA, Montour County, PA, Northumberland County, PA, Perry County, PA, Pike County, PA, Potter County, PA, Schuylkill County, PA, Snyder County, PA, Sullivan County, PA, Susquehanna County, PA, Tioga County, PA, Union County, PA, Venango County, PA, Warren County, PA, Wayne County, PA, Wyoming County, PA

The radar

The Buffalo radar (KBUF), 64 km from the middle of the area, began a volume at 16:47 UTC, the scan nearest the moment this went out.

Open the radar archive at this moment

The archived warnings, watches and discussions in force at that minute are drawn over the scan, this one among them.

What SPC expected

The probabilities SPC published with the watch, for the watch area over its life.

Two or more tornadoes
10%
One or more EF2 to EF5 tornadoes
5%
Ten or more severe wind reports
40%
One or more gusts of 65 knots or more
20%
Ten or more severe hail reports
10%
One or more hailstones of 2 inches or more
5%
Six or more combined severe hail and wind reports
70%

Warnings issued inside it

13 tornado, severe thunderstorm and flash flood warnings for its counties while it was in force.

IssuedProductOfficeCountiesLasted
Jul 23, 3:27 PM EDTSevere Thunderstorm WarningCTPClearfield, Elk63 min
Jul 23, 4:03 PM EDTSevere Thunderstorm WarningCTPCameron, Centre, Clearfield, Clinton, Elk57 min
Jul 23, 4:49 PM EDTSevere Thunderstorm WarningBGMBroome, Delaware, Sullivan56 min
Jul 23, 5:18 PM EDTSevere Thunderstorm WarningCTPClearfield57 min
Jul 23, 5:22 PM EDTSevere Thunderstorm WarningCTPCentre, Clinton38 min
Jul 23, 5:23 PM EDTSevere Thunderstorm WarningBGMLackawanna, Susquehanna, Wayne67 min
Jul 23, 5:40 PM EDTTornado WarningBGMLackawanna, Susquehanna, Wayne35 min
Jul 23, 5:51 PM EDTSevere Thunderstorm WarningPBZClarion, Forest, Indiana, Jefferson39 min
Jul 23, 5:59 PM EDTSevere Thunderstorm WarningCTPCentre, Mifflin, Snyder37 min
Jul 23, 6:07 PM EDTTornado WarningBGMSullivan38 min
Jul 23, 6:15 PM EDTSevere Thunderstorm WarningCTPCentre, Clearfield30 min
Jul 23, 6:37 PM EDTTornado WarningBGMSullivan38 min
Jul 23, 7:12 PM EDTSevere Thunderstorm WarningBGMSullivan35 min

Discussions around it

SPC mesoscale discussions over the same counties from four hours before the watch to its end.

The nearest sounding before it

Buffalo Intl Airport, NY (KBUF), launched 12:00Z, 4.8 hours before the alert went out and 61 km from the middle of its area. This is the routine balloon launch nearest before it, the air the forecaster had in hand, not a measurement taken for the alert.

Skew-T log-pSkew-T log-p diagram, Buffalo Intl Airport, NY at 12:00Z on 2010-07-23Temperature and dew point through the depth of the atmosphere, with the mixed-layer parcel. CAPE 497 joules per kilogram.LCLLFCEL10008507005003002001001 km2 km3 km6 km9 km12 km15 km-30°-20°-10°0°10°20°30°40°
Temperature in red, dew point in green, the mixed-layer parcel dashed.
HodographHodograph, Buffalo Intl Airport, NY at 12:00Z on 2010-07-23The wind through the lowest 10 kilometers. Zero to 1 km storm-relative helicity 352 square meters per square second.193958Sfc1 km3 km6 km9 kmRMLM
The wind turning with height, colored by layer: ground to 1 km, 1 to 3 km, 3 to 6 km, 6 to 10 km.
Mixed-layer CAPE
497 J/kg
Mixed-layer CIN
-34 J/kg
Mixed-layer LCL
509 m above ground
0-6 km bulk shear
43 kt
0-1 km storm-relative helicity
352 m²/s²
0-3 km storm-relative helicity
401 m²/s²
Significant tornado parameter
0.0
Supercell composite
6.1

Open this sounding in Storm Lab

The text

As transmitted, in the capitals the NWS used until 2016.

964 
WWUS20 KWNS 231646
SEL1
SPC WW 231646
NYZ000-OHZ000-PAZ000-LEZ000-240000-

URGENT - IMMEDIATE BROADCAST REQUESTED
SEVERE THUNDERSTORM WATCH NUMBER 521
NWS STORM PREDICTION CENTER NORMAN OK
1250 PM EDT FRI JUL 23 2010

THE NWS STORM PREDICTION CENTER HAS ISSUED A
SEVERE THUNDERSTORM WATCH FOR PORTIONS OF

       WESTERN NEW YORK
       PARTS OF NORTHEAST OHIO
       PARTS OF NORTHERN PENNSYLVANIA
       LAKE ERIE

EFFECTIVE THIS FRIDAY AFTERNOON AND EVENING FROM 1250 PM UNTIL
800 PM EDT.

HAIL TO 1 INCH IN DIAMETER...THUNDERSTORM WIND GUSTS TO 70
MPH...AND DANGEROUS LIGHTNING ARE POSSIBLE IN THESE AREAS.

THE SEVERE THUNDERSTORM WATCH AREA IS APPROXIMATELY ALONG AND 65
STATUTE MILES NORTH AND SOUTH OF A LINE FROM 15 MILES NORTHEAST
OF ITHACA NEW YORK TO 50 MILES NORTHWEST OF YOUNGSTOWN OHIO.  FOR
A COMPLETE DEPICTION OF THE WATCH SEE THE ASSOCIATED WATCH
OUTLINE UPDATE (WOUS64 KWNS WOU1).

REMEMBER...A SEVERE THUNDERSTORM WATCH MEANS CONDITIONS ARE
FAVORABLE FOR SEVERE THUNDERSTORMS IN AND CLOSE TO THE WATCH
AREA. PERSONS IN THESE AREAS SHOULD BE ON THE LOOKOUT FOR
THREATENING WEATHER CONDITIONS AND LISTEN FOR LATER STATEMENTS
AND POSSIBLE WARNINGS. SEVERE THUNDERSTORMS CAN AND OCCASIONALLY
DO PRODUCE TORNADOES.

DISCUSSION...THUNDERSTORMS WILL INCREASE IN NUMBER AND INTENSITY
ACROSS THE WATCH AREA WHERE THE AIR MASS IS VERY MOIST...UNSTABLE
AND WITH LITTLE REMAINING CINH.  WITH 30-40 KT OF WLY FLOW WIND
DAMAGE WILL BECOME AN INCREASING THREAT AS THE STORMS DEVELOP.

AVIATION...A FEW SEVERE THUNDERSTORMS WITH HAIL SURFACE AND ALOFT
TO 1 INCH. EXTREME TURBULENCE AND SURFACE WIND GUSTS TO 60 KNOTS.
A FEW CUMULONIMBI WITH MAXIMUM TOPS TO 500. MEAN STORM MOTION
VECTOR 26030.


...HALES

SPC that day

Everything else SPC issued on the same UTC day.

IssuedProductOfficeCountiesLasted
Jul 23, 12:14 PM EDTMesoscale DiscussionSPCAllegany, Broome, Cattaraugus, Cayuga, Chautauqua, Chemung and 21 more91 min
Jul 23, 5:36 PM EDTMesoscale DiscussionSPCBronx, Dutchess, Kings, Nassau, New York, Orange and 6 more54 min
Jul 23, 5:55 PM EDTTornado WatchSPCBronx, Kings, Nassau, New York, Orange, Putnam and 5 more4 hr
Jul 23, 12:00 AM EDTMesoscale DiscussionSPCCrawford, Defiance, Fulton, Hancock, Henry, Huron and 9 more90 min
Jul 23, 12:35 AM EDTTornado WatchSPCDefiance, Erie, Fulton, Henry, Huron, Lorain and 6 more3 hr
Jul 23, 4:58 PM EDTMesoscale DiscussionSPCLucas92 min
Jul 23, 5:23 PM EDTSevere Thunderstorm WatchSPCDefiance, Fulton, Henry, Williams7 hr
Jul 23, 7:00 PM EDTMesoscale DiscussionSPCAshtabula, Columbiana, Cuyahoga, Geauga, Lake, Lorain and 6 more60 min
Jul 23, 7:19 PM EDTSevere Thunderstorm WatchSPCAshland, Ashtabula, Columbiana, Crawford, Cuyahoga, Erie and 23 more6 hr
Jul 23, 7:47 PM EDTMesoscale DiscussionSPCFulton118 min
Jul 23, 6:23 PM EDTMesoscale DiscussionSPCArmstrong, Berks, Blair, Bucks, Centre, Chester and 23 more67 min

Nearby

Severe Thunderstorm Watches in Pennsylvania, 2010Severe Thunderstorm Watches in New York, 2010Severe Thunderstorm Watches in Ohio, 2010Every severe thunderstorm watch in 2010

Sources

The product and its follow-ups from the Iowa Environmental Mesonet's archive of National Weather Service and Storm Prediction Center text; the sounding from the Mesonet's radiosonde archive; radar from the NEXRAD Level II archive.