Alert archive / Arkansas / Severe Thunderstorm Warnings in 2008

Severe Thunderstorm Warning 147, NWS Tulsa, OK

April 3, 2008Franklin County, Arkansas

NWS Tulsa, OK issued this severe thunderstorm warning at Apr 3, 2008, 7:41 PM CDT for Franklin County, Arkansas. It was in force for 64 min. 2 reports came from inside the area while it was in force.

The area

The outline as issued, with what was reported inside it.

The facts

Issued: Apr 3, 2008, 7:41 PM CDT (00:41 UTC)
Expired: Apr 3, 2008, 8:45 PM CDT
In force: 64 min
Issued by: NWS Tulsa, OK
Area: Storm-based polygon

County Franklin County, AR

What was reported inside it

Time	Report	Where	Remark
Apr 3, 8:20 PM CDT	HAIL 0.75	7 N Ozark, AR
Apr 3, 8:21 PM CDT	HAIL 0.75	7 N Ozark, AR

Local storm reports filed while the alert was in force, from inside its polygon or its counties.

Did it verify

Not verified. The Iowa Environmental Mesonet's Cow found no qualifying storm report inside this severe thunderstorm warning while it was in force. That is not proof nothing happened: reports are thin where few people live.

Cow counts a report within 15 km of the polygon while the warning was in force: a tornado for a tornado warning; hail of 1 inch or more, a gust of 58 mph or more or wind damage for a severe thunderstorm warning; a flash flood report for a flash flood warning.

The watch it was issued in

The SPC watch in force over the same counties when this warning went out.

Issued	Product	Office	Lasted
Apr 3, 3:50 PM CDT	Tornado Watch	SPC	5 hr

The nearest sounding before it

Springfield, MO (KSGF), launched 00:00Z, 0.7 hours before the alert went out and 161 km from the middle of its area. This is the routine balloon launch nearest before it, the air the forecaster had in hand, not a measurement taken for the alert.

Skew-T log-p

Temperature in red, dew point in green, the mixed-layer parcel dashed.

Hodograph

The wind turning with height, colored by layer: ground to 1 km, 1 to 3 km, 3 to 6 km, 6 to 10 km.

Mixed-layer CAPE: 525 J/kg
Mixed-layer CIN: -16 J/kg
Mixed-layer LCL: 633 m above ground
0-6 km bulk shear: 72 kt
0-1 km storm-relative helicity: 135 m²/s²
0-3 km storm-relative helicity: 224 m²/s²
Significant tornado parameter: 0.5
Supercell composite: 2.5

Open this sounding in Storm Lab

The text

As transmitted, in the capitals the NWS used until 2016.

000 
WUUS54 KTSA 040041
SVRTSA
ARC047-040145-
/O.NEW.KTSA.SV.W.0147.080404T0041Z-080404T0145Z/

BULLETIN - EAS ACTIVATION REQUESTED
SEVERE THUNDERSTORM WARNING
NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE TULSA OK
741 PM CDT THU APR 3 2008

THE NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE IN TULSA HAS ISSUED A

* SEVERE THUNDERSTORM WARNING FOR...
  FRANKLIN COUNTY IN WEST CENTRAL ARKANSAS

* UNTIL 845 PM CDT

* AT 737 PM CDT...NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE DOPPLER RADAR INDICATED A
  SEVERE THUNDERSTORM CAPABLE OF PRODUCING NICKEL SIZE HAIL AND WINDS
  TO 60 MPH. THIS STORM WAS LOCATED 24 MILES WEST OF OZARK...MOVING
  NORTHEAST AT 50 MPH.

* SOME LOCATIONS NEAR THE PATH OF THIS STORM INCLUDE...OZARK...
  DENNING...ALTUS...WIEDERKEHR VILLAGE AND CASS.

A TORNADO WATCH IS IN EFFECT FOR THE WARNED AREA. TORNADOES CAN
DEVELOP SUDDENLY FROM SEVERE THUNDERSTORMS. IF YOU ARE NEAR THE PATH
OF THIS STORM...BE ALERT FOR RAPIDLY CHANGING WEATHER CONDITIONS.
TAKE COVER ON THE LOWEST FLOOR IN AN INTERIOR ROOM AND STAY AWAY FROM
WINDOWS.

STAY INDOORS AND AWAY FROM WINDOWS UNTIL THE STORM HAS PASSED.

LAT...LON 3539 9369 3537 9371 3536 9377 3538 9378
      3536 9378 3532 9408 3545 9408 3548 9404
      3557 9402 3559 9408 3575 9368
TIME...MOT...LOC 0041Z 246DEG 43KT 3541 9418

$$

2 follow-up statements

000 
WWUS54 KTSA 040103 RRA
SVSTSA

SEVERE WEATHER STATEMENT
NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE TULSA OK
804 PM CDT THU APR 3 2008

ARC047-040145-
/O.CON.KTSA.SV.W.0147.000000T0000Z-080404T0145Z/
FRANKLIN AR-
804 PM CDT THU APR 3 2008

...A SEVERE THUNDERSTORM WARNING REMAINS IN EFFECT UNTIL 845 PM CDT
FOR FRANKLIN COUNTY...

AT 802 PM CDT...NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE DOPPLER RADAR CONTINUED TO
INDICATE A SEVERE THUNDERSTORM CAPABLE OF PRODUCING NICKEL SIZE HAIL
AND WINDS TO 60 MPH. THIS STORM WAS LOCATED NEAR CRAVENS...MOVING
NORTHEAST AT 45 MPH.

SOME LOCATIONS NEAR THE PATH OF THIS STORM INCLUDE...OZARK...
JETHRO...DENNING...ALTUS...WATALULA...WIEDERKEHR VILLAGE...ALIX...
PARADISE...BARNES...TURNERS BEND...CASS...REDDING...MOUNTAIN TOP AND
TAFT.

STAY INDOORS AND AWAY FROM WINDOWS UNTIL THE STORM HAS PASSED.

THIS IS A DANGEROUS STORM THAT HAS A HISTORY OF PRODUCING LARGE HAIL.
SEEK SHELTER IMMEDIATELY INSIDE A STURDY STRUCTURE AND STAY AWAY FROM
WINDOWS.

LAT...LON 3539 9369 3537 9371 3536 9377 3538 9378
      3536 9378 3532 9408 3545 9408 3548 9404
      3557 9402 3559 9408 3575 9368
TIME...MOT...LOC 0104Z 246DEG 43KT 3554 9388

$$

000 
WWUS54 KTSA 040138
SVSTSA

SEVERE WEATHER STATEMENT
NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE TULSA OK
838 PM CDT THU APR 3 2008

ARC047-040148-
/O.EXP.KTSA.SV.W.0147.000000T0000Z-080404T0145Z/
FRANKLIN AR-
838 PM CDT THU APR 3 2008

...THE SEVERE THUNDERSTORM WARNING FOR FRANKLIN COUNTY EXPIRES AT 845
PM CDT...

THE THUNDERSTORM HAS MOVED OUT OF THE WARNED AREA...THEREFORE THE
SEVERE THUNDERSTORM WARNING WILL BE ALLOWED TO EXPIRE.

GUSTY WINDS AND HEAVY RAIN WILL STILL BE POSSIBLE WITH THIS STORM.

A SEVERE THUNDERSTORM WATCH REMAINS IN EFFECT UNTIL 4 AM.

LAT...LON 3539 9369 3537 9371 3536 9377 3538 9378
      3536 9378 3532 9408 3545 9408 3548 9404
      3557 9402 3559 9408 3575 9368
TIME...MOT...LOC 0138Z 246DEG 43KT 3570 9342

$$

What forecasters said that day

The local office's own words before this severe thunderstorm warning went out, as it sent them, from the Iowa Environmental Mesonet's archive of National Weather Service text.

NWS Tulsa, OK wrote its last area forecast discussion before this severe thunderstorm warning went out at Apr 3, 6:44 PM CDT, 57 minutes earlier.

Area forecast discussion, Apr 3, 6:44 PM CDT, 57 minutes before

AREA FORECAST DISCUSSION
NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE TULSA OK
644 PM CDT THU APR 3 2008

.MESOSCALE UPDATE...
THE CELL MOVING THROUGH NORTHERN ROGERS
COUNTY HAS A MOTION CURRENTLY NEAR THE
HODOGRAPH.  SO ANY DEVIATION IN MOTION
WILL RESULT IN POSITIVE TO NEGATIVE SWINGS
IN STORM-RELATIVE HELICITY.  THE CELL IS
MOVING TOWARD A POCKET OF ENHANCED CAPE
TO 700 MB...SO IT WILL LIKELY CONTINUE
TO HAVE SEVERE POTENTIAL INTO THE ADAIR
AND BIG CABIN AREA.

THUNDERSTORMS CONTINUE TO INCREASE
ACROSS SOUTHEAST OKLAHOMA AND NOW
INTO WEST-CENTRAL ARKANSAS.  THESE
CELLS ARE IN AN ENVIRONMENT OF SURFACE-BASED
CAPE OF 1500 J/KG AND SHEAR TO 6 KM OF
50 TO 60 KNOTS.  THIS WILL SUPPORT
A CONTINUED SEVERE THREAT.  THE CURRENT
STORM MOTIONS WILL ALSO SUPPORT TRAINING
CELLS AND A FLASH FLOOD THREAT.

THE TORNADO THREAT IS BEING LIMITED BY
A LESS THAN FAVORABLE LOW-LEVEL WIND
STRUCTURE AND LIMITED LOW-LEVEL CAPE.

&&

.TSA WATCHES/WARNINGS/ADVISORIES...
OK...FLASH FLOOD WATCH UNTIL 7 AM FRIDAY FOR OKZ049-OKZ053-OKZ062-
     OKZ063-OKZ065-OKZ066-OKZ067-OKZ068-OKZ069-OKZ070-OKZ071-
     OKZ072-OKZ073-OKZ074-OKZ075-OKZ076.

AR...FLASH FLOOD WATCH UNTIL 7 AM FRIDAY FOR ARZ001-ARZ002-ARZ010-
     ARZ011-ARZ019-ARZ020-ARZ029.

&&

SHORT TERM...08
LONG TERM....99

Hazardous weather outlook, Apr 3, 2:20 PM CDT, 5 hours 21 minutes before

HAZARDOUS WEATHER OUTLOOK
NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE TULSA OK
220 PM CDT THU APR 3 2008

ARZ001-002-010-011-019-020-029-OKZ049-053>076-041000-
ADAIR OK-BENTON AR-CARROLL AR-CHEROKEE OK-CHOCTAW OK-CRAIG OK-
CRAWFORD AR-CREEK OK-DELAWARE OK-FRANKLIN AR-HASKELL OK-LATIMER OK-
LE FLORE OK-MADISON AR-MAYES OK-MCINTOSH OK-MUSKOGEE OK-NOWATA OK-
OKFUSKEE OK-OKMULGEE OK-OSAGE OK-OTTAWA OK-PAWNEE OK-PITTSBURG OK-
PUSHMATAHA OK-ROGERS OK-SEBASTIAN AR-SEQUOYAH OK-TULSA OK-WAGONER OK-
WASHINGTON OK-WASHINGTON AR-
220 PM CDT THU APR 3 2008

...SEVERE WEATHER AND HEAVY RAINFALL LIKELY FROM LATE AFTERNOON
   THROUGH TONIGHT....

THIS OUTLOOK IS FOR NORTHWEST AND WEST CENTRAL ARKANSAS AS WELL AS
MUCH OF EASTERN OKLAHOMA.

.DAY ONE...TODAY AND TONIGHT.
TORNADO.
	RISK...LIMITED.
	AREA...MOST OF EASTERN OKLAHOMA AND NORTHWEST ARKANSAS.
	ONSET...LATE AFTERNOON.

SEVERE THUNDERSTORM.
	RISK...ELEVATED.
	AREA... EASTERN OKLAHOMA AND NORTHWEST ARKANSAS.
	ONSET...LATE AFTERNOON.

	AREA AT GREATEST RISK... SOUTHEAST OKLAHOMA AND NORTHWEST ARKANSAS.

FLASH FLOOD.
	RISK...SIGNIFICANT.
	AREA...MOST OF EASTERN OKLAHOMA AND NORTHWEST ARKANSAS.
	ONSET...LATE AFTERNOON.

	AREA AT GREATEST RISK...SOUTHEAST OKLAHOMA AND NORTHWEST ARKANSAS.

HEAVY RAIN.
	RISK...SIGNIFICANT.
	AREA...MOST OF EASTERN OKLAHOMA AND NORTHWEST ARKANSAS.
	ONSET...LATE AFTERNOON.

	AREA AT GREATEST RISK...SOUTHEAST OKLAHOMA AND NORTHWEST ARKANSAS.

DISCUSSION...
A POTENT UPPER TROUGH APPROACHING THE FOUR CORNERS REGION
WILL AFFECT THE AREA BY LATE AFTERNOON. A SURFACE BOUNDARY HAD
LIFTED NORTH OF THE AREA THIS MORNING...AND WAS STRETCHED
ACROSS EASTERN KANSAS THROUGH NORTHWEST OKLAHOMA AS OF EARLY
AFTERNOON. THIS BOUNDARY WILL REORGANIZE AND BEGIN TO MOVE
SOUTHEAST AS A COLD FRONT. OUT AHEAD OF THE FRONT...MOIST AND
INCREASINGLY UNSTABLE AIR WILL CONTINUE TO OVERSPREAD THE REGION IN
ADVANCE OF THE APPROACHING UPPER TROUGH...WHICH WILL TRAVERSE THE
REGION TONIGHT. AIDED BY AFTERNOON HEATING...THE ATMOSPHERE WILL
BECOME VERY UNSTABLE...ESPECIALLY ACROSS SOUTHEAST OKLAHOMA AND WEST
CENTRAL ARKANSAS AS THIS AREA WILL LIKELY REMAIN IN THE WARM SECTOR
AS FAVORABLE UPPER SUPPORT INCREASES. SUPERCELL THUNDERSTORMS ARE
EXPECTED ACROSS A WIDE AREA BEGINNING LATE THIS AFTERNOON. ALL
SEVERE MODES...INCLUDING TORNADOES...HIGH WINDS...AND LARGE HAIL
WILL BE POSSIBLE IN ADDITION TO HEAVY FLOODING RAINFALL. THE
HEAVIEST RAINFALL AND CHANCES FOR SEVERE WILL BE EAST OF THE AREA
TOWARDS SUNRISE FRIDAY MORNING AS THE FRONT CLEARS THE AREA.

SPOTTER AND EMERGENCY MANAGEMENT ACTION STATEMENT...
SPOTTER ACTIVATION WILL LIKELY BE NEEDED.

.DAYS TWO THROUGH SEVEN...FRIDAY THROUGH WEDNESDAY.
FRIDAY...THUNDERSTORM POTENTIAL.
SATURDAY...NO HAZARDS.
SUNDAY...THUNDERSTORM POTENTIAL.
MONDAY...THUNDERSTORM POTENTIAL.
TUESDAY...THUNDERSTORM POTENTIAL.
WEDNESDAY...THUNDERSTORM POTENTIAL.

AFTER A SHORT BREAK...AND A FEW DAYS OF SLIGHT THUNDERSTORM
CHANCES... THE SEVERE WEATHER PATTERN IS EXPECTED TO TAKE SHAPE
ONCE AGAIN. BY MID WEEK ANOTHER IN A SERIES OF UPPER SYSTEMS IS
EXPECTED TO TRAVERSE THE PLAINS... ENCOUNTERING AN UNSTABLE AND
VOLATILE AIR MASS IN PLACE ACROSS THE AREA.

EMERGENCY MANAGEMENT PLANNING STATEMENT...
EMERGENCY MANAGERS SHOULD CONTINUE TO MONITOR THE LATEST FORECASTS
AS THIS VOLATILE SPRINGTIME WEATHER PATTERN CONTINUES TO
PERIODICALLY ENHANCE CHANCES FOR DAMAGING AND DANGEROUS WEATHER.

WWW.SRH.NOAA.GOV/TULSA CONTAINS ADDITIONAL TABULAR AND GRAPHICAL
INFORMATION.

In the hours before

Special weather statement, Apr 3, 6:07 PM CDT, 1 hour 34 minutes before

SPECIAL WEATHER STATEMENT
NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE TULSA OK
607 PM CDT THU APR 3 2008

OKZ049-053-032345-
CHOCTAW OK-PUSHMATAHA OK-
607 PM CDT THU APR 3 2008

...SIGNIFICANT WEATHER ALERT...

THE NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE IN TULSA HAS ISSUED A
SIGNIFICANT WEATHER ALERT EFFECTIVE UNTIL 645 PM CDT
FOR THE FOLLOWING COUNTIES...

IN SOUTHEAST OKLAHOMA
     NORTHWESTERN CHOCTAW AND SOUTHWESTERN PUSHMATAHA

AT 607 PM CDT...DOPPLER RADAR INDICATED A STRONG THUNDERSTORM 13
MILES WEST OF BOSWELL...MOVING NORTHEAST AT 55 MPH. SOME LOCATIONS
THAT WILL BE AFFECTED BY THIS STORM INCLUDE...BOSWELL...UNGER...
SOPER...KENT...SPEER...ANTLERS...MOYERS...DARWIN AND KELLOND.

THIS STORM WILL BE CAPABLE OF PRODUCING SMALL HAIL AND WIND GUSTS TO
50 MPH. RESIDENTS IN THESE AREAS SHOULD REMAIN ALERT IN CASE THE
SIGNIFICANT WEATHER ALERT IS UPGRADED TO A WARNING.

LAT...LON 3394 9596 3413 9596 3414 9597 3417 9597
      3418 9581 3432 9580 3440 9569 3410 9547
      3392 9594
TIME...MOT...LOC 2307Z 236DEG 48KT 3399 9605

Special weather statement, Apr 3, 6:11 PM CDT, 1 hour 30 minutes before

SPECIAL WEATHER STATEMENT
NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE TULSA OK
611 PM CDT THU APR 3 2008

OKZ075-040000-
LATIMER OK-
611 PM CDT THU APR 3 2008

...SIGNIFICANT WEATHER ALERT...

THE NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE IN TULSA HAS ISSUED A
SIGNIFICANT WEATHER ALERT EFFECTIVE UNTIL 700 PM CDT
FOR THE FOLLOWING COUNTY...

IN SOUTHEAST OKLAHOMA
     LATIMER

AT 611 PM CDT...DOPPLER RADAR INDICATED A STRONG THUNDERSTORM 3 MILES
SOUTHWEST OF HIGGINS...MOVING NORTHEAST AT 50 MPH. SOME LOCATIONS
THAT WILL BE AFFECTED BY THIS STORM INCLUDE...WILBURTON...HIGGINS...
BENGAL...DAMON...GOWEN...PANOLA AND RED OAK.

THIS STORM WILL BE CAPABLE OF PRODUCING SMALL HAIL AND WIND GUSTS TO
50 MPH. RESIDENTS IN THESE AREAS SHOULD REMAIN ALERT IN CASE THE
SIGNIFICANT WEATHER ALERT IS UPGRADED TO A WARNING.

LAT...LON 3475 9553 3486 9552 3506 9529 3506 9493
      3486 9502 3486 9506 3479 9507 3468 9540
      3469 9547
TIME...MOT...LOC 2311Z 232DEG 44KT 3479 9542

Special weather statement, Apr 3, 6:32 PM CDT, 1 hour 9 minutes before

SPECIAL WEATHER STATEMENT
NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE TULSA OK
632 PM CDT THU APR 3 2008

OKZ065-040015-
OKFUSKEE OK-
632 PM CDT THU APR 3 2008

...SIGNIFICANT WEATHER ALERT...

THE NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE IN TULSA HAS ISSUED A
SIGNIFICANT WEATHER ALERT EFFECTIVE UNTIL 715 PM CDT
FOR THE FOLLOWING COUNTY...

IN EAST CENTRAL OKLAHOMA
     NORTHERN OKFUSKEE

AT 632 PM CDT...DOPPLER RADAR INDICATED A STRONG THUNDERSTORM 8 MILES
SOUTHWEST OF PADEN...MOVING NORTHEAST AT 40 MPH. SOME LOCATIONS THAT
WILL BE AFFECTED BY THIS STORM INCLUDE...CASTLE...PADEN...BOLEY...
MASON...OKFUSKEE AND WELTY.

THIS STORM WILL BE CAPABLE OF PRODUCING SMALL HAIL AND WIND GUSTS TO
50 MPH. RESIDENTS IN THESE AREAS SHOULD REMAIN ALERT IN CASE THE
SIGNIFICANT WEATHER ALERT IS UPGRADED TO A WARNING.

LAT...LON 3564 9621 3559 9617 3556 9618 3555 9613
      3551 9609 3541 9644 3545 9646 3538 9656
      3540 9664 3565 9661
TIME...MOT...LOC 2332Z 243DEG 35KT 3546 9666

Special weather statement, Apr 3, 6:41 PM CDT, 1 hour before

SPECIAL WEATHER STATEMENT
NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE TULSA OK
641 PM CDT THU APR 3 2008

OKZ064>066-040045-
CREEK OK-OKFUSKEE OK-OKMULGEE OK-
641 PM CDT THU APR 3 2008

...SIGNIFICANT WEATHER ALERT...

THE NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE IN TULSA HAS ISSUED A
SIGNIFICANT WEATHER ALERT EFFECTIVE UNTIL 745 PM CDT
FOR THE FOLLOWING COUNTIES...

IN NORTHEAST OKLAHOMA
     NORTHWESTERN OKMULGEE AND SOUTHERN CREEK

IN EAST CENTRAL OKLAHOMA
     NORTHWESTERN OKFUSKEE

AT 641 PM CDT...DOPPLER RADAR INDICATED A STRONG THUNDERSTORM 5 MILES
SOUTHWEST OF PADEN...MOVING NORTHEAST AT 35 MPH. SOME LOCATIONS THAT
WILL BE AFFECTED BY THIS STORM INCLUDE...PADEN...BOLEY...MASON...
OKFUSKEE...WELTY...PRESTON...BEGGS...SLICK AND MOUNDS.

THIS STORM WILL BE CAPABLE OF PRODUCING SMALL HAIL AND WIND GUSTS TO
40 MPH. RESIDENTS IN THESE AREAS SHOULD REMAIN ALERT IN CASE THE
SIGNIFICANT WEATHER ALERT IS UPGRADED TO A WARNING.

LAT...LON 3592 9609 3571 9590 3543 9655 3539 9661
      3540 9664 3544 9664 3545 9663 3561 9663
TIME...MOT...LOC 2341Z 235DEG 32KT 3550 9661

Local storm report, Apr 3, 7:02 PM CDT, 39 minutes before

PRELIMINARY LOCAL STORM REPORT
NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE TULSA OK
702 PM CDT THU APR 03 2008

..TIME...   ...EVENT...      ...CITY LOCATION...     ...LAT.LON...
..DATE...   ....MAG....      ..COUNTY LOCATION..ST.. ...SOURCE....
            ..REMARKS..

0656 PM     HAIL             19 WSW CLAYTON          34.48N 95.66W
04/03/2008  E0.88 INCH       PUSHMATAHA         OK   BROADCAST MEDIA

&&

SFP

Local storm report, Apr 3, 7:35 PM CDT, 6 minutes before

PRELIMINARY LOCAL STORM REPORT
NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE TULSA OK
735 PM CDT THU APR 03 2008

..TIME...   ...EVENT...      ...CITY LOCATION...     ...LAT.LON...
..DATE...   ....MAG....      ..COUNTY LOCATION..ST.. ...SOURCE....
            ..REMARKS..

0635 PM     HAIL             2 S ARKOMA              35.33N 94.44W
04/03/2008  E0.75 INCH       LE FLORE           OK   LAW ENFORCEMENT

&&

CAS

The office that day

Everything else NWS Tulsa, OK issued on the same UTC day.

Issued	Product	Office	Counties	Lasted
Apr 3, 7:31 PM CDT	Severe Thunderstorm Warning	TSA	Crawford, Sebastian	59 min
Apr 3, 9:29 PM CDT	Flash Flood Warning	TSA	Crawford, Franklin	4 hr
Apr 4, 3:49 PM CDT	Frost Advisory	TSA	Benton, Carroll, Madison, Washington	17 hr

Nearby

Severe Thunderstorm Warnings in Arkansas, 2008 Every severe thunderstorm warning in 2008

Sources

The product and its follow-ups from the Iowa Environmental Mesonet's archive of National Weather Service and Storm Prediction Center text; local storm reports from the same archive; the sounding from the Mesonet's radiosonde archive.