Alert archive / Arkansas / Severe Thunderstorm Warnings in 2008

Severe Thunderstorm Warning 137, NWS Tulsa, OK

April 3, 2008Madison County, Arkansas

NWS Tulsa, OK issued this severe thunderstorm warning at Apr 3, 2008, 4:14 PM CDT for Madison County, Arkansas. It was in force for 39 min. 1 report came from inside the area while it was in force.

The area

The outline as issued, with what was reported inside it.

The facts

Issued: Apr 3, 2008, 4:14 PM CDT (21:14 UTC)
Expired: Apr 3, 2008, 4:53 PM CDT
In force: 39 min
Issued by: NWS Tulsa, OK
Area: Storm-based polygon

County Madison County, AR

The radar

The Western Arkansas radar (KSRX), 104 km from the middle of the area, began a volume at 21:15 UTC, the scan nearest the moment this went out.

Open the radar archive at this moment

The archived warnings, watches and discussions in force at that minute are drawn over the scan, this one among them.

What was reported inside it

Time	Report	Where	Remark
Apr 3, 4:20 PM CDT	HAIL 0.75	Wesley, AR

Local storm reports filed while the alert was in force, from inside its polygon or its counties.

Did it verify

Not verified. The Iowa Environmental Mesonet's Cow found no qualifying storm report inside this severe thunderstorm warning while it was in force. That is not proof nothing happened: reports are thin where few people live.

Cow counts a report within 15 km of the polygon while the warning was in force: a tornado for a tornado warning; hail of 1 inch or more, a gust of 58 mph or more or wind damage for a severe thunderstorm warning; a flash flood report for a flash flood warning.

The watch it was issued in

The SPC watch in force over the same counties when this warning went out.

Issued	Product	Office	Lasted
Apr 3, 3:50 PM CDT	Tornado Watch	SPC	5 hr

The nearest sounding before it

Springfield, MO (KSGF), launched 12:00Z, 9.2 hours before the alert went out and 102 km from the middle of its area. This is the routine balloon launch nearest before it, the air the forecaster had in hand, not a measurement taken for the alert.

Skew-T log-p

Temperature in red, dew point in green, the mixed-layer parcel dashed.

Hodograph

The wind turning with height, colored by layer: ground to 1 km, 1 to 3 km, 3 to 6 km, 6 to 10 km.

Mixed-layer CAPE: 0 J/kg
Mixed-layer CIN: No buoyant parcel
Mixed-layer LCL: 492 m above ground
0-6 km bulk shear: 60 kt
0-1 km storm-relative helicity: 264 m²/s²
0-3 km storm-relative helicity: 245 m²/s²
Significant tornado parameter: 0.0
Supercell composite: 0.0

Open this sounding in Storm Lab

The text

As transmitted, in the capitals the NWS used until 2016.

000 
WUUS54 KTSA 032114
SVRTSA
ARC087-032215-
/O.NEW.KTSA.SV.W.0137.080403T2114Z-080403T2215Z/

BULLETIN - EAS ACTIVATION REQUESTED
SEVERE THUNDERSTORM WARNING
NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE TULSA OK
414 PM CDT THU APR 3 2008

THE NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE IN TULSA HAS ISSUED A

* SEVERE THUNDERSTORM WARNING FOR...
  MADISON COUNTY IN NORTHWEST ARKANSAS

* UNTIL 515 PM CDT

* AT 410 PM CDT...NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE DOPPLER RADAR INDICATED A
  SEVERE THUNDERSTORM CAPABLE OF PRODUCING PENNY SIZE HAIL AND WINDS
  TO 60 MPH. THIS STORM WAS LOCATED 23 MILES SOUTHWEST OF WESLEY...
  MOVING EAST AT 55 MPH.

* SOME LOCATIONS NEAR THE PATH OF THIS STORM INCLUDE...WESLEY...SAINT
  PAUL...JAPTON...PETTIGREW...WITTER...AURORA...HUNTSVILLE...
  BOSTON...MARBLE AND KINGSTON.

A TORNADO WATCH IS IN EFFECT FOR THE WARNED AREA. TORNADOES CAN
DEVELOP SUDDENLY FROM SEVERE THUNDERSTORMS. IF YOU ARE NEAR THE PATH
OF THIS STORM...BE ALERT FOR RAPIDLY CHANGING WEATHER CONDITIONS.
TAKE COVER ON THE LOWEST FLOOR IN AN INTERIOR ROOM AND STAY AWAY FROM
WINDOWS.

STAY INDOORS AND AWAY FROM WINDOWS UNTIL THE STORM HAS PASSED.

LAT...LON 3613 9354 3612 9345 3607 9342 3597 9342
      3592 9349 3584 9350 3576 9385 3577 9395
      3604 9395 3616 9356
TIME...MOT...LOC 2114Z 248DEG 50KT 3581 9415

$$

1 follow-up statement

000 
WWUS54 KTSA 032153
SVSTSA

SEVERE WEATHER STATEMENT
NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE TULSA OK
453 PM CDT THU APR 3 2008

ARC087-032203-
/O.CAN.KTSA.SV.W.0137.000000T0000Z-080403T2215Z/
MADISON AR-
453 PM CDT THU APR 3 2008

...THE SEVERE THUNDERSTORM WARNING FOR MADISON COUNTY IS CANCELLED...

THE THUNDERSTORM HAS MOVED OUT OF THE WARNED AREA...THEREFORE THE
SEVERE THUNDERSTORM WARNING HAS BEEN CANCELLED.

ADDITIONAL THUNDERSTORMS WILL CONTINUE TO MOVE ACROSS MADISON COUNTY 
PRODUCING GUSTY WINDS...SMALL HAIL AND VERY HEAVY RAIN.

A TORNADO WATCH REMAINS IN EFFECT UNTIL 10 PM.

LAT...LON 3613 9354 3612 9345 3607 9342 3597 9342
      3592 9349 3584 9350 3576 9385 3577 9395
      3604 9395 3616 9356
TIME...MOT...LOC 2153Z 248DEG 50KT 3561 9335

$$

What forecasters said that day

The local office's own words before this severe thunderstorm warning went out, as it sent them, from the Iowa Environmental Mesonet's archive of National Weather Service text.

NWS Tulsa, OK wrote its last area forecast discussion before this severe thunderstorm warning went out at Apr 3, 3:59 PM CDT, 15 minutes earlier.

Area forecast discussion, Apr 3, 3:59 PM CDT, 15 minutes before

AREA FORECAST DISCUSSION
NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE TULSA OK
359 PM CDT THU APR 3 2008

.DISCUSSION...
COLD FRONT ENTERING THE NORTHWEST PART OF OUR FORECAST AREA WILL
SWEEP ACROSS THE AREA OVERNIGHT. THE MAIN CONVECTIVE BAND APPEARS
TO BE DEVELOPING WELL AHEAD OF THE FRONT ALONG THE WESTERN EDGE OF
THE DEEPER MOISTURE. LOW LEVEL WINDS HAVE VEERED TO THE NORTH OF
THIS CONVECTIVE BAND WITH JUST SOME WEAKER CONVECTION WITHIN THIS
AREA OF VEERED WINDS ALONG THE I-44 CORRIDOR.

EXPECT STORMS TO GRADUALLY BECOME MORE ORGANIZED OVER THE NEXT FEW
HOURS WITH A HIGH SEVERE WEATHER POTENTIAL. THE TORNADO THREAT IS
MORE UNCERTAIN BUT PARAMETERS SUGGEST SOME THREAT IN AT LEAST
SOUTHEAST OKLAHOMA. NEW TORNADO WATCH HAS JUST BEEN ISSUED FOR THE
CENTRAL AND SOUTHERN PARTS OF OUR FORECAST AREA.

BACK TO THE NORTHWEST...ANY LINGERING CONVECTION WILL BE ENDING
THIS EVENING. HOWEVER WITH THE UPPER TROF STILL BACK TO THE
WEST...A FEW SHOWERS MAY STILL BE POSSIBLE OVERNIGHT SO WILL KEEP
POPS GOING EVERYWHERE. WILL CANCEL THE FLASH FLOOD WATCH ALONG THE
I-44 CORRIDOR WHERE SIGNIFICANT RAINFALL NO LONGER APPEARS LIKELY.

A FEW SHOWERS OR STORMS MAY LINGER EARLY FRIDAY FROM NORTHWEST
ARKANSAS INTO SOUTHEAST OKLAHOMA BEFORE CLEARING SKIES TAKE OVER.
AFTER A CHILLY NIGHT FRIDAY NIGHT...INCLUDING THE POTENTIAL FOR
FROST IN SOME PLACES...A VERY NICE SATURDAY IS ON TAP UNDER SUNNY
SKIES.

QUITE A BIT OF UNCERTAINTY EXISTS IN THE EXTENDED WITH A LARGE
SPREAD IN THE MODELS BY THE MIDDLE OF NEXT WEEK. THE GENERAL
CONSENSUS IS FOR AN INITIAL SYSTEM NEXT MONDAY INTO EARLY TUESDAY
BEING THE DOMINANT ONE AND THIS APPEARS TO BE THE MOST LIKELY
TIMEFRAME FOR SEVERE WEATHER IN THE EXTENDED. ANOTHER SYSTEM IS
LIKELY TO AFFECT THE AREA BY LATE WEDNESDAY AND THURSDAY. FOLLOWED
A BLEND OF THE MUCH WEAKER SUPPRESSED ECMWF AND THE MUCH STRONGER
NORTHERLY GFS FOR NOW. THIS MEANS THE SEVERE WEATHER CHANCES WILL
BE LOWER THAN WITH THE EARLY WEEK SYSTEM.

STAYED CLOSE TO GUIDANCE TEMPERATURES THE NEXT COUPLE DAYS AND
FOLLOWED A BLEND OF THE GFS MOS AND THE ECMWF FOR TEMPERATURES IN
THE EXTENDED.

&&

.PRELIMINARY POINT TEMPS/POPS...
TUL   44  60  38  70 /  50  10   0   0
FSM   50  61  39  72 /  90  30   0   0
MLC   48  60  38  71 /  70  20   0   0
BVO   42  61  34  71 /  30  10   0   0
FYV   45  56  32  68 /  80  30   0   0
BYV   44  55  35  68 /  80  30   0   0
MKO   46  60  37  70 /  60  20   0   0
MIO   42  58  35  70 /  40  10   0   0
F10   46  60  38  70 /  50  10   0   0
HHW   52  62  40  71 /  90  40   0   0

&&

.TSA WATCHES/WARNINGS/ADVISORIES...
OK...FLASH FLOOD WATCH UNTIL 7 AM FRIDAY FOR OKZ049-OKZ053-OKZ062-
     OKZ063-OKZ065-OKZ066-OKZ067-OKZ068-OKZ069-OKZ070-OKZ071-
     OKZ072-OKZ073-OKZ074-OKZ075-OKZ076.

AR...FLASH FLOOD WATCH UNTIL 7 AM FRIDAY FOR ARZ001-ARZ002-ARZ010-
     ARZ011-ARZ019-ARZ020-ARZ029.

&&

SHORT TERM...23
LONG TERM....05

PLATE

Hazardous weather outlook, Apr 3, 2:20 PM CDT, 1 hour 54 minutes before

HAZARDOUS WEATHER OUTLOOK
NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE TULSA OK
220 PM CDT THU APR 3 2008

ARZ001-002-010-011-019-020-029-OKZ049-053>076-041000-
ADAIR OK-BENTON AR-CARROLL AR-CHEROKEE OK-CHOCTAW OK-CRAIG OK-
CRAWFORD AR-CREEK OK-DELAWARE OK-FRANKLIN AR-HASKELL OK-LATIMER OK-
LE FLORE OK-MADISON AR-MAYES OK-MCINTOSH OK-MUSKOGEE OK-NOWATA OK-
OKFUSKEE OK-OKMULGEE OK-OSAGE OK-OTTAWA OK-PAWNEE OK-PITTSBURG OK-
PUSHMATAHA OK-ROGERS OK-SEBASTIAN AR-SEQUOYAH OK-TULSA OK-WAGONER OK-
WASHINGTON OK-WASHINGTON AR-
220 PM CDT THU APR 3 2008

...SEVERE WEATHER AND HEAVY RAINFALL LIKELY FROM LATE AFTERNOON
   THROUGH TONIGHT....

THIS OUTLOOK IS FOR NORTHWEST AND WEST CENTRAL ARKANSAS AS WELL AS
MUCH OF EASTERN OKLAHOMA.

.DAY ONE...TODAY AND TONIGHT.
TORNADO.
	RISK...LIMITED.
	AREA...MOST OF EASTERN OKLAHOMA AND NORTHWEST ARKANSAS.
	ONSET...LATE AFTERNOON.

SEVERE THUNDERSTORM.
	RISK...ELEVATED.
	AREA... EASTERN OKLAHOMA AND NORTHWEST ARKANSAS.
	ONSET...LATE AFTERNOON.

	AREA AT GREATEST RISK... SOUTHEAST OKLAHOMA AND NORTHWEST ARKANSAS.

FLASH FLOOD.
	RISK...SIGNIFICANT.
	AREA...MOST OF EASTERN OKLAHOMA AND NORTHWEST ARKANSAS.
	ONSET...LATE AFTERNOON.

	AREA AT GREATEST RISK...SOUTHEAST OKLAHOMA AND NORTHWEST ARKANSAS.

HEAVY RAIN.
	RISK...SIGNIFICANT.
	AREA...MOST OF EASTERN OKLAHOMA AND NORTHWEST ARKANSAS.
	ONSET...LATE AFTERNOON.

	AREA AT GREATEST RISK...SOUTHEAST OKLAHOMA AND NORTHWEST ARKANSAS.

DISCUSSION...
A POTENT UPPER TROUGH APPROACHING THE FOUR CORNERS REGION
WILL AFFECT THE AREA BY LATE AFTERNOON. A SURFACE BOUNDARY HAD
LIFTED NORTH OF THE AREA THIS MORNING...AND WAS STRETCHED
ACROSS EASTERN KANSAS THROUGH NORTHWEST OKLAHOMA AS OF EARLY
AFTERNOON. THIS BOUNDARY WILL REORGANIZE AND BEGIN TO MOVE
SOUTHEAST AS A COLD FRONT. OUT AHEAD OF THE FRONT...MOIST AND
INCREASINGLY UNSTABLE AIR WILL CONTINUE TO OVERSPREAD THE REGION IN
ADVANCE OF THE APPROACHING UPPER TROUGH...WHICH WILL TRAVERSE THE
REGION TONIGHT. AIDED BY AFTERNOON HEATING...THE ATMOSPHERE WILL
BECOME VERY UNSTABLE...ESPECIALLY ACROSS SOUTHEAST OKLAHOMA AND WEST
CENTRAL ARKANSAS AS THIS AREA WILL LIKELY REMAIN IN THE WARM SECTOR
AS FAVORABLE UPPER SUPPORT INCREASES. SUPERCELL THUNDERSTORMS ARE
EXPECTED ACROSS A WIDE AREA BEGINNING LATE THIS AFTERNOON. ALL
SEVERE MODES...INCLUDING TORNADOES...HIGH WINDS...AND LARGE HAIL
WILL BE POSSIBLE IN ADDITION TO HEAVY FLOODING RAINFALL. THE
HEAVIEST RAINFALL AND CHANCES FOR SEVERE WILL BE EAST OF THE AREA
TOWARDS SUNRISE FRIDAY MORNING AS THE FRONT CLEARS THE AREA.

SPOTTER AND EMERGENCY MANAGEMENT ACTION STATEMENT...
SPOTTER ACTIVATION WILL LIKELY BE NEEDED.

.DAYS TWO THROUGH SEVEN...FRIDAY THROUGH WEDNESDAY.
FRIDAY...THUNDERSTORM POTENTIAL.
SATURDAY...NO HAZARDS.
SUNDAY...THUNDERSTORM POTENTIAL.
MONDAY...THUNDERSTORM POTENTIAL.
TUESDAY...THUNDERSTORM POTENTIAL.
WEDNESDAY...THUNDERSTORM POTENTIAL.

AFTER A SHORT BREAK...AND A FEW DAYS OF SLIGHT THUNDERSTORM
CHANCES... THE SEVERE WEATHER PATTERN IS EXPECTED TO TAKE SHAPE
ONCE AGAIN. BY MID WEEK ANOTHER IN A SERIES OF UPPER SYSTEMS IS
EXPECTED TO TRAVERSE THE PLAINS... ENCOUNTERING AN UNSTABLE AND
VOLATILE AIR MASS IN PLACE ACROSS THE AREA.

EMERGENCY MANAGEMENT PLANNING STATEMENT...
EMERGENCY MANAGERS SHOULD CONTINUE TO MONITOR THE LATEST FORECASTS
AS THIS VOLATILE SPRINGTIME WEATHER PATTERN CONTINUES TO
PERIODICALLY ENHANCE CHANCES FOR DAMAGING AND DANGEROUS WEATHER.

WWW.SRH.NOAA.GOV/TULSA CONTAINS ADDITIONAL TABULAR AND GRAPHICAL
INFORMATION.

In the hours before

Special weather statement, Apr 3, 2:36 PM CDT, 1 hour 38 minutes before

SPECIAL WEATHER STATEMENT
NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE TULSA OK
236 PM CDT THU APR 3 2008

OKZ070-073-074-032015-
HASKELL OK-MUSKOGEE OK-PITTSBURG OK-
236 PM CDT THU APR 3 2008

...SIGNIFICANT WEATHER ALERT...

THE NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE IN TULSA HAS ISSUED A
SIGNIFICANT WEATHER ALERT EFFECTIVE UNTIL 315 PM CDT
FOR THE FOLLOWING COUNTIES...

IN EAST CENTRAL OKLAHOMA
     SOUTHEASTERN MUSKOGEE

IN SOUTHEAST OKLAHOMA
     NORTHERN HASKELL AND NORTHEASTERN PITTSBURG

AT 236 PM CDT...DOPPLER RADAR INDICATED A STRONG THUNDERSTORM 9 MILES
WEST OF ENTERPRISE...MOVING NORTHEAST AT 55 MPH. SOME LOCATIONS THAT
WILL BE AFFECTED BY THIS STORM INCLUDE...STIGLER...ENTERPRISE...
WHITEFIELD...KEOTA...KANIMA...TAMAHA...BRIARTOWN AND PORUM.

THIS STORM WILL BE CAPABLE OF PRODUCING SMALL HAIL AND WIND GUSTS TO
40 MPH. RESIDENTS IN THESE AREAS SHOULD REMAIN ALERT IN CASE THE
SIGNIFICANT WEATHER ALERT IS UPGRADED TO A WARNING.

LAT...LON 3547 9507 3544 9499 3539 9490 3523 9482
      3511 9556 3523 9559 3531 9534 3552 9512
TIME...MOT...LOC 1936Z 243DEG 48KT 3521 9547

Local storm report, Apr 3, 3:03 PM CDT, 1 hour 11 minutes before

PRELIMINARY LOCAL STORM REPORT
NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE TULSA OK
303 PM CDT THU APR 03 2008

..TIME...   ...EVENT...      ...CITY LOCATION...     ...LAT.LON...
..DATE...   ....MAG....      ..COUNTY LOCATION..ST.. ...SOURCE....
            ..REMARKS..

0249 PM     HAIL             6 N EUFAULA             35.37N 95.58W
04/03/2008  E0.75 INCH       MCINTOSH           OK   PUBLIC

0255 PM     TSTM WND GST     5 E CHECOTAH            35.47N 95.43W
04/03/2008  E60.00 MPH       MCINTOSH           OK   BROADCAST MEDIA

            KOTV STORM CHASER REPORTED WIND GUSTS TO 60 MPH

0300 PM     HAIL             5 E CHECOTAH            35.47N 95.43W
04/03/2008  E0.88 INCH       MCINTOSH           OK   BROADCAST MEDIA

            KOTV STORM CHASER REPORT

&&

EJC

Local storm report, Apr 3, 3:41 PM CDT, 33 minutes before

PRELIMINARY LOCAL STORM REPORT
NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE TULSA OK
341 PM CDT THU APR 03 2008

..TIME...   ...EVENT...      ...CITY LOCATION...     ...LAT.LON...
..DATE...   ....MAG....      ..COUNTY LOCATION..ST.. ...SOURCE....
            ..REMARKS..

0335 PM     HAIL             BUNCH                   35.68N 94.76W
04/03/2008  E1.00 INCH       ADAIR              OK   POST OFFICE

&&

EJC

Local storm report, Apr 3, 3:47 PM CDT, 27 minutes before

PRELIMINARY LOCAL STORM REPORT
NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE TULSA OK
347 PM CDT THU APR 03 2008

..TIME...   ...EVENT...      ...CITY LOCATION...     ...LAT.LON...
..DATE...   ....MAG....      ..COUNTY LOCATION..ST.. ...SOURCE....
            ..REMARKS..

0325 PM     HAIL             2 W VIAN                35.50N 95.00W
04/03/2008  E0.75 INCH       SEQUOYAH           OK   LAW ENFORCEMENT

&&

EJC

Local storm report, Apr 3, 4:00 PM CDT, 14 minutes before

PRELIMINARY LOCAL STORM REPORT
NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE TULSA OK
400 PM CDT THU APR 03 2008

..TIME...   ...EVENT...      ...CITY LOCATION...     ...LAT.LON...
..DATE...   ....MAG....      ..COUNTY LOCATION..ST.. ...SOURCE....
            ..REMARKS..

0336 PM     HAIL             6 NE SCIPIO             35.12N 95.88W
04/03/2008  E0.88 INCH       PITTSBURG          OK   EMERGENCY MNGR

&&

EJC

Special weather statement, Apr 3, 4:14 PM CDT, 0 minutes before

SPECIAL WEATHER STATEMENT
NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE TULSA OK
414 PM CDT THU APR 3 2008

OKZ068>070-072-074-032145-
ADAIR OK-CHEROKEE OK-HASKELL OK-MUSKOGEE OK-SEQUOYAH OK-
414 PM CDT THU APR 3 2008

...SIGNIFICANT WEATHER ALERT...

THE NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE IN TULSA HAS ISSUED A
SIGNIFICANT WEATHER ALERT EFFECTIVE UNTIL 445 PM CDT
FOR THE FOLLOWING COUNTIES...

IN EAST CENTRAL OKLAHOMA
     SOUTHEASTERN MUSKOGEE...SOUTHEASTERN CHEROKEE AND SEQUOYAH

IN NORTHEAST OKLAHOMA
     ADAIR

IN SOUTHEAST OKLAHOMA
     NORTHERN HASKELL

AT 414 PM CDT...DOPPLER RADAR INDICATED STRONG THUNDERSTORMS ALONG A
LINE EXTENDING FROM 6 MILES NORTH OF COOKSON TO BOX TO 4 MILES NORTH
OF PORUM...MOVING NORTHEAST AT 65 MPH.

SOME LOCATIONS THAT WILL BE AFFECTED BY THESE STORMS INCLUDE...
STILWELL...BUNCH...PROCTOR...WESTVILLE...BALLARD...WATTS...
TAMAHA...SALLISAW...VIAN...GORE...BRUSHY...WEBBERS FALLS AND
MARIETTA.

THESE STORMS WILL BE CAPABLE OF PRODUCING SMALL HAIL AND WIND GUSTS
TO 50 MPH. RESIDENTS IN THESE AREAS SHOULD REMAIN ALERT IN CASE THE
SIGNIFICANT WEATHER ALERT IS UPGRADED TO A WARNING.

LAT...LON 3612 9456 3549 9447 3530 9532 3548 9533
      3562 9513 3588 9502
TIME...MOT...LOC 2114Z 241DEG 60KT 3584 9484 3562 9492
          3545 9520

The office that day

Everything else NWS Tulsa, OK issued on the same UTC day.

Issued	Product	Office	Counties	Lasted
Apr 3, 10:39 AM CDT	Special Weather Statement	TSA	Carroll	66 min
Apr 3, 3:44 PM CDT	Severe Thunderstorm Warning	TSA	Crawford, Washington	45 min
Apr 3, 5:40 PM CDT	Flash Flood Warning	TSA	Madison, Washington	8 hr
Apr 3, 6:41 PM CDT	Severe Thunderstorm Warning	TSA	Crawford, Franklin, Sebastian	49 min

Nearby

Severe Thunderstorm Warnings in Arkansas, 2008 Every severe thunderstorm warning in 2008

Sources

The product and its follow-ups from the Iowa Environmental Mesonet's archive of National Weather Service and Storm Prediction Center text; local storm reports from the same archive; the sounding from the Mesonet's radiosonde archive; radar from the NEXRAD Level II archive.