Alert archive / Illinois / Severe Thunderstorm Warnings in 2008

Severe Thunderstorm Warning 75, NWS Lincoln, IL

May 30, 2008Sangamon County, Illinois

NWS Lincoln, IL issued this severe thunderstorm warning at May 30, 2008, 8:35 PM CDT for Sangamon County, Illinois. It was in force for 28 min. No storm report in the archive falls inside the area while it was in force.

The area

The outline as issued.

The facts

Issued: May 30, 2008, 8:35 PM CDT (01:35 UTC)
Expired: May 30, 2008, 9:03 PM CDT
In force: 28 min
Issued by: NWS Lincoln, IL
Area: Storm-based polygon

County Sangamon County, IL

The radar

The Lincoln radar (KILX), 62 km from the middle of the area, began a volume at 01:36 UTC, the scan nearest the moment this went out.

Open the radar archive at this moment

The archived warnings, watches and discussions in force at that minute are drawn over the scan, this one among them.

Did it verify

Not verified. The Iowa Environmental Mesonet's Cow found no qualifying storm report inside this severe thunderstorm warning while it was in force. That is not proof nothing happened: reports are thin where few people live.

Cow counts a report within 15 km of the polygon while the warning was in force: a tornado for a tornado warning; hail of 1 inch or more, a gust of 58 mph or more or wind damage for a severe thunderstorm warning; a flash flood report for a flash flood warning.

The watch it was issued in

The SPC watch in force over the same counties when this warning went out.

Issued	Product	Office	Lasted
Jan 7, 1:52 PM CST	Tornado Watch	SPC	146 days
May 30, 1:56 PM CDT	Tornado Watch	SPC	8 hr

The nearest sounding before it

Lincoln, IL (KILX), launched 00:00Z, 1.6 hours before the alert went out and 104 km from the middle of its area. This is the routine balloon launch nearest before it, the air the forecaster had in hand, not a measurement taken for the alert.

Skew-T log-p

Temperature in red, dew point in green, the mixed-layer parcel dashed.

Hodograph

The wind turning with height, colored by layer: ground to 1 km, 1 to 3 km, 3 to 6 km, 6 to 10 km.

Mixed-layer CAPE: 1830 J/kg
Mixed-layer CIN: -43 J/kg
Mixed-layer LCL: 984 m above ground
0-6 km bulk shear: 0 kt
0-1 km storm-relative helicity: 0 m²/s²
0-3 km storm-relative helicity: 0 m²/s²
Significant tornado parameter: 0.0
Supercell composite: 0.0

Open this sounding in Storm Lab

The text

As transmitted, in the capitals the NWS used until 2016.

000 
WUUS53 KILX 310135
SVRILX
ILC167-310215-
/O.NEW.KILX.SV.W.0075.080531T0135Z-080531T0215Z/

BULLETIN - EAS ACTIVATION REQUESTED
SEVERE THUNDERSTORM WARNING
NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE LINCOLN IL
835 PM CDT FRI MAY 30 2008

THE NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE IN LINCOLN HAS ISSUED A

* SEVERE THUNDERSTORM WARNING FOR...
  SOUTHERN SANGAMON COUNTY IN CENTRAL ILLINOIS...

* UNTIL 915 PM CDT.

* AT 835 PM CDT...NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE METEOROLOGISTS DETECTED A
  SEVERE THUNDERSTORM CAPABLE OF PRODUCING QUARTER SIZE HAIL...AND
  DAMAGING WINDS IN EXCESS OF 60 MPH.  THIS STORM WAS LOCATED 3 MILES
  SOUTH OF LOAMI...OR ABOUT 10 MILES NORTHWEST OF VIRDEN...AND WAS
  MOVING EAST AT 47 MPH.

* LOCATIONS IMPACTED INCLUDE...
  CHATHAM...
  DIVERNON...
  PAWNEE...
  ROCHESTER...

ANOTHER LOCATION IN THIS WARNING IS...AUBURN.

A TORNADO WATCH REMAINS IN EFFECT FOR THE WARNED AREA. IF A TORNADO
IS SPOTTED...ACT QUICKLY AND MOVE TO A PLACE OF SAFETY IN A STURDY
STRUCTURE...SUCH AS A BASEMENT OR SMALL INTERIOR ROOM.

REPORT ANY SEVERE WEATHER OR DAMAGE TO YOUR LOCAL EMERGENCY
MANAGER...OR THE NEAREST LAW ENFORCEMENT AGENCY...FOR RELAY TO THE
NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE.

LAT...LON 3965 8951 3964 8954 3959 8954 3954 8955
      3954 8993 3970 8995 3978 8945
TIME...MOT...LOC 0135Z 265DEG 41KT 3963 8980

$$

CHURCHILL

2 follow-up statements

000 
WWUS53 KILX 310151
SVSILX

SEVERE WEATHER STATEMENT
NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE LINCOLN IL
851 PM CDT FRI MAY 30 2008

ILC167-310215-
/O.CON.KILX.SV.W.0075.000000T0000Z-080531T0215Z/
SANGAMON-
851 PM CDT FRI MAY 30 2008

...A SEVERE THUNDERSTORM WARNING REMAINS IN EFFECT UNTIL 915 PM CDT
FOR SOUTHERN SANGAMON COUNTY...

AT 845 PM CDT...NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE METEOROLOGISTS CONTINUED TO
DETECT A SEVERE THUNDERSTORM CAPABLE OF PRODUCING QUARTER SIZE HAIL. 
THIS STORM WAS LOCATED 3 MILES NORTHWEST OF PAWNEE...OR ABOUT 11
MILES SOUTH OF SPRINGFIELD...MOVING EAST AT 53 MPH.

A TORNADO WATCH REMAINS IN EFFECT FOR THE WARNED AREA. IF A TORNADO
IS SPOTTED... ACT QUICKLY AND MOVE TO A PLACE OF SAFETY IN A STURDY
STRUCTURE...SUCH AS A BASEMENT OR SMALL INTERIOR ROOM.

LAT...LON 3965 8951 3964 8954 3959 8954 3954 8955
      3954 8982 3970 8973 3973 8948
TIME...MOT...LOC 0151Z 269DEG 46KT 3962 8951

$$

CHURCHILL

000 
WWUS53 KILX 310203
SVSILX

SEVERE WEATHER STATEMENT
NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE LINCOLN IL
903 PM CDT FRI MAY 30 2008

ILC167-310213-
/O.CAN.KILX.SV.W.0075.000000T0000Z-080531T0215Z/
SANGAMON-
903 PM CDT FRI MAY 30 2008

...THE SEVERE THUNDERSTORM WARNING FOR SOUTHERN SANGAMON COUNTY IS
CANCELLED...

AT 859 PM CDT...NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE DOPPLER RADAR INDICATED THAT
THE THUNDERSTORM THAT HAD PROMPTED THE WARNING HAD MOVED OUT OF THE
AREA...THUS THE WARNING HAS BEEN CANCELLED.

A TORNADO WARNING CONTINUES UNTIL 10 PM.

LAT...LON 3965 8951 3964 8954 3959 8954 3954 8955
      3954 8982 3970 8973 3973 8948
TIME...MOT...LOC 0203Z 269DEG 46KT 3962 8931

$$

CHURCHILL

What forecasters said that day

The local office's own words before this severe thunderstorm warning went out, as it sent them, from the Iowa Environmental Mesonet's archive of National Weather Service text.

NWS Lincoln, IL wrote its last area forecast discussion before this severe thunderstorm warning went out at May 30, 6:45 PM CDT, 1 hour 50 minutes earlier.

Area forecast discussion, May 30, 6:45 PM CDT, 1 hour 50 minutes before

AREA FORECAST DISCUSSION
NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE LINCOLN IL
645 PM CDT FRI MAY 30 2008

.DISCUSSION...
ISSUED 157 PM CDT FRI MAY 30 2008
SEVERE WEATHER DEVELOPING OVER CENTRAL ILLINOIS THIS AFTERNOON
ALONG OUTFLOW BOUNDARY LEFT OVER FROM OVERNIGHTS CONVECTION. HOW
LONG THIS LASTS IS THE FIRST ISSUE FOR THE FORECAST...NEXT WILL BE
A SHORTWAVE MOVING OUT OF THE WEST MONDAY NIGHT ALONG QUASI ZONAL
FLOW THAT SETS UP ACROSS THE MIDSECTION OF THE CONUS THROUGH THE
FIRST HALF OF NEXT WEEK. WENT WITH THE MORE CONSERVATIVE ECMWF
FOR MUCH OF THE FORECAST...THOUGH THE MODELS ARE IN DECENT
AGREEMENT THROUGH DAY 5. BEYOND THAT...WAS VERY CONSERVATIVE IN
PUTTING TOO MUCH WEATHER IN...WHICH CORRESPONDED TO THE
ECMWF...WHEN THERE IS A MASSIVE PARTING OF SOLUTIONS IN THE
EXTENDED.

SHORT TERM...TONIGHT THROUGH SUNDAY...
THUNDERSTORMS WILL CONTINUE THROUGH THE EVENING AS THE STORMS FIRE
ALONG THE OUTFLOW BOUNDARY MAKING ITS WAY SWD THROUGH THE CWA.
WINDS AND HAIL ARE THE MAIN THREAT...BUT THE STORMS WILL BE FIRING
OFF OF DESTABILIZED AIR FROM DIURNAL HEATING. BTWN THE FORWARD
MOTION AND THE WARM AIR... STORMS SHOULD BE SOUTH OF INTERSTATE 72
BY MIDNIGHT. INCREASED THE WIND GUSTS A BIT BEHIND THE SYSTEM AS
TODAYS CONVECTION HAS BEEN LEAVING SOME TIGHT GRADIENT WINDS WITH
THE RESULTING WAKE LOW. FRONT MOVES THROUGH IN THE OVERNIGHT AND EARLY
MORNING HOURS...THOUGH THE TEMPERATURES FOR SATURDAY WILL NOT BE
COLD. HIGHS INTO THE LOWER 80S. TIME HEIGHTS HAVE VERY NARROW
RIBBON OF RH IN THE LOW LEVELS. OTHERWISE...A RATHER DRY COLUMN
SHOULD WARM QUICKLY AND HELP MIX OUT. AS A RESULT...WENT A LITTLE
LIGHT ON THE CLOUDS FOR THE FORECAST. SATURDAY AND SUNDAY DRY AND
RATHER WARM.

LONG TERM...MONDAY THROUGH FRIDAY...
A BIT OF A DIFFERENCE BETWEEN THE MODELS IN THE ONSET OF MONDAY.
THE ECMWF ACTUALLY MAINTAINS TWO DIFFERENT SYSTEMS
COLLIDING...WAA SHOWERS OUT OF THE SOUTH...AND A WAVE MOVING IN
FROM THE WEST...AND IS SOMEWHAT SLOWER TO MERGE THEM...WITH THE
NORTHERN WAVE HITTING FIRST. FOR PERSISTENCE SAKE...AM GOING WITH
THE ECMWF. CHANCES INCREASING MONDAY NIGHT...AND CONTINUING FOR
TUESDAY AND TUESDAY NIGHT AS WAA CONTINUES OVER THE AREA. DRYING
OUT WEDNESDAY. AT THIS POINT KEEPING THURSDAY AND FRIDAY DRY AS
GFS IS A COMPLETELY DIFFERENT PATTERN THIS FAR OUT...AND THE ECMWF
IS HINTING AT AN ATTEMPT AT A PATTERN CHANGE...GOING INTO A FAR
MORE AMPLIFIED FLOW.

&&

.AVIATION...
ISSUED 637 PM CDT FRI MAY 30 2008
SEVERE WEATHER IN CWA AT THE MOMENT. WILL BE BRIEF. SUPERCELL
THUNDERSTORMS FIRING ALONG OLD BOUNDARY FROM LAST NIGHTS
CONVECTION. ROTATING THUNDERSTORMS ARE PRODUCING WINDS IN EXCESS
OF 50 KTS... AND LARGE HAIL. THUNDERSTORMS ARE LIKELY TO CONTINUE
THROUGH THE EVENING...BUT SHOULD EVENTUALLY TRANSITION TO THE
SOUTH. LIFR CONDITIONS WITH... SCATTERING OUT BEHIND THE FRONT
AFTER MIDNIGHT. EVENTUALLY GOING TO VFR CONDITIONS BTWN 08Z AND 12Z.

HJS
&&

.ILX WATCHES/WARNINGS/ADVISORIES...
NONE.
&&

Hazardous weather outlook, May 30, 3:01 PM CDT, 5 hours 34 minutes before

HAZARDOUS WEATHER OUTLOOK
NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE LINCOLN IL
301 PM CDT FRI MAY 30 2008

ILZ037-038-041>057-061>063-066-311100-
CASS-CHAMPAIGN-CHRISTIAN-CLARK-COLES-CUMBERLAND-DE WITT-DOUGLAS-
EDGAR-EFFINGHAM-LOGAN-MACON-MASON-MCLEAN-MENARD-MORGAN-MOULTRIE-
PIATT-SANGAMON-SCOTT-SHELBY-TAZEWELL-VERMILION-
301 PM CDT FRI MAY 30 2008

THIS HAZARDOUS WEATHER OUTLOOK IS FOR PORTIONS OF CENTRAL
ILLINOIS...EAST CENTRAL ILLINOIS AND SOUTHEAST ILLINOIS.

.DAY ONE...THIS AFTERNOON AND TONIGHT

THERE IS A MODERATE RISK OF SEVERE THUNDERSTORMS THROUGH THIS
EVENING.

THUNDERSTORMS WILL CONTINUE FROM NORTHERN MISSOURI THROUGH CENTRAL
ILLINOIS THIS AFTERNOON. THE PRIMARY TORNADO THREAT WILL BE IN THE
AREA FROM WINCHESTER THROUGH SPRINGFIELD AND LINCOLN TO THE
BLOOMINGTON AND CHAMPAIGN AREAS FROM 4 PM TO 8 PM. OTHER AREAS
WILL LIKELY SEE STORMS WITH LARGE HAIL...DAMAGING WINDS AND
PERHAPS AN ISOLATED TORNADO. ALL OF THE SEVERE WEATHER SHOULD MOVE
EAST AND SOUTHEAST OF THE AREA AFTER 9 PM.

.DAYS TWO THROUGH SEVEN...SATURDAY THROUGH THURSDAY

THUNDERSTORMS WILL AGAIN BE POSSIBLE FROM MONDAY NIGHT THROUGH
TUESDAY NIGHT. THE POTENTIAL WILL EXIST FOR SEVERE WEATHER ON
TUESDAY...SO KEEP ABREAST OF LATER FORECASTS AS THE THREAT BECOMES
BETTER DEFINED.

.SPOTTER INFORMATION STATEMENT...

SPOTTER ACTIVATION WILL BE NEEDED THROUGH THIS EVENING.

ILZ067-068-071>073-311100-
CLAY-CRAWFORD-JASPER-LAWRENCE-RICHLAND-
301 PM CDT FRI MAY 30 2008

THIS HAZARDOUS WEATHER OUTLOOK IS FOR PORTIONS OF SOUTHEAST
ILLINOIS.

.DAY ONE...THIS AFTERNOON AND TONIGHT

THERE IS A MODERATE RISK OF SEVERE THUNDERSTORMS THIS EVENING.

THUNDERSTORMS OVER CENTRAL ILLINOIS WILL BECOME SEVERE AND MOVE
INTO SOUTHEASTERN ILLINOIS EARLY THIS EVENING. THE PRIMARY SEVERE
WEATHER THREATS WILL BE LARGE HAIL AND DAMAGING WINDS. AN ISOLATED
TORNADO WILL BE POSSIBLE BEFORE SUNSET. THE SEVERE WEATHER THREAT
SHOULD MOVE PAST THE AREA BY MIDNIGHT.

.DAYS TWO THROUGH SEVEN...SATURDAY THROUGH THURSDAY

THUNDERSTORMS WILL AGAIN BE POSSIBLE FROM MONDAY NIGHT THROUGH
TUESDAY NIGHT. THE POTENTIAL WILL EXIST FOR SEVERE WEATHER ON
TUESDAY...SO KEEP ABREAST OF LATER FORECASTS AS THE THREAT BECOMES
BETTER DEFINED.

.SPOTTER INFORMATION STATEMENT...

SPOTTER ACTIVATION MAY BE NEEDED LATE THIS AFTERNOON THROUGH THIS
EVENING.

ILZ027>031-036-040-311100-
FULTON-KNOX-MARSHALL-PEORIA-SCHUYLER-STARK-WOODFORD-
301 PM CDT FRI MAY 30 2008

THIS HAZARDOUS WEATHER OUTLOOK IS FOR PORTIONS OF CENTRAL
ILLINOIS.

.DAY ONE...THIS AFTERNOON AND TONIGHT

THERE IS A SLIGHT RISK OF SEVERE THUNDERSTORMS LATE THIS AFTERNOON
AND EARLY THIS EVENING.

AN ISOLATED SEVERE STORM MAY PRODUCE LARGE HAIL THROUGH EARLY
EVENING...WITH THE HIGHER SEVERE WEATHER THREAT BEING JUST TO THE
SOUTHEAST OF THE AREA. THE OVERALL CHANCES FOR SEVERE
THUNDERSTORMS WILL END TOWARD SUNSET.

.DAYS TWO THROUGH SEVEN...SATURDAY THROUGH THURSDAY

THUNDERSTORMS WILL AGAIN BE POSSIBLE FROM MONDAY NIGHT THROUGH
TUESDAY NIGHT. THE POTENTIAL WILL EXIST FOR SEVERE WEATHER ON
TUESDAY...SO KEEP ABREAST OF LATER FORECASTS AS THE THREAT BECOMES
BETTER DEFINED.

.SPOTTER INFORMATION STATEMENT...

SPOTTER ACTIVATION MAY BE NEEDED THROUGH EARLY EVENING.

In the hours before

Local storm report, May 30, 8:07 PM CDT, 28 minutes before

PRELIMINARY LOCAL STORM REPORT
NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE LINCOLN IL
807 PM CDT FRI MAY 30 2008

..TIME...   ...EVENT...      ...CITY LOCATION...     ...LAT.LON...
..DATE...   ....MAG....      ..COUNTY LOCATION..ST.. ...SOURCE....
            ..REMARKS..

0801 PM     FUNNEL CLOUD     1 S TAYLORVILLE         39.51N 89.26W
05/30/2008                   CHRISTIAN          IL   FIRE DEPT/RESCUE

            FUNNEL CLOUD REPORTED IN HEWITTSVILLE

&&

SMITH

Local storm report, May 30, 8:23 PM CDT, 12 minutes before

PRELIMINARY LOCAL STORM REPORT
NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE LINCOLN IL
823 PM CDT FRI MAY 30 2008

..TIME...   ...EVENT...      ...CITY LOCATION...     ...LAT.LON...
..DATE...   ....MAG....      ..COUNTY LOCATION..ST.. ...SOURCE....
            ..REMARKS..

0815 PM     TSTM WND GST     3 N TAYLORVILLE         39.56N 89.26W
05/30/2008  E0 MPH           CHRISTIAN          IL   MESONET

            60 MPH WINDS WITH POWER OUTAGE...DIME SIZE HAIL.

&&

SMITH

Local storm report, May 30, 8:23 PM CDT, 12 minutes before

PRELIMINARY LOCAL STORM REPORT
NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE LINCOLN IL
823 PM CDT FRI MAY 30 2008

..TIME...   ...EVENT...      ...CITY LOCATION...     ...LAT.LON...
..DATE...   ....MAG....      ..COUNTY LOCATION..ST.. ...SOURCE....
            ..REMARKS..

0815 PM     TSTM WND GST     3 N TAYLORVILLE         39.56N 89.26W
05/30/2008  E60 MPH          CHRISTIAN          IL   MESONET

            60 MPH WINDS WITH POWER OUTAGE...DIME SIZE HAIL.

&&

SMITH

Local storm report, May 30, 8:25 PM CDT, 10 minutes before

PRELIMINARY LOCAL STORM REPORT
NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE LINCOLN IL
825 PM CDT FRI MAY 30 2008

..TIME...   ...EVENT...      ...CITY LOCATION...     ...LAT.LON...
..DATE...   ....MAG....      ..COUNTY LOCATION..ST.. ...SOURCE....
            ..REMARKS..

0820 PM     TORNADO          1 S TAYLORVILLE         39.51N 89.26W
05/30/2008                   CHRISTIAN          IL   LAW ENFORCEMENT

            TORNADO AT CHEROKEE STREET AND ROUTE 48...DUE SOUTH OF
            TAYLORVILLE.

&&

SMITH

Local storm report, May 30, 8:31 PM CDT, 4 minutes before

PRELIMINARY LOCAL STORM REPORT
NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE LINCOLN IL
831 PM CDT FRI MAY 30 2008

..TIME...   ...EVENT...      ...CITY LOCATION...     ...LAT.LON...
..DATE...   ....MAG....      ..COUNTY LOCATION..ST.. ...SOURCE....
            ..REMARKS..

0718 PM     TORNADO          1 SW WAVERLY            39.58N 89.97W
05/30/2008                   MORGAN             IL   EMERGENCY MNGR

            DAMAGE TO 3 HOUSES...SEVERAL OUTBUILDINGS AND GRAIN BINS.
            TREES UPROOTED.

&&

SMITH

Local storm report, May 30, 8:32 PM CDT, 3 minutes before

PRELIMINARY LOCAL STORM REPORT
NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE LINCOLN IL
832 PM CDT FRI MAY 30 2008

..TIME...   ...EVENT...      ...CITY LOCATION...     ...LAT.LON...
..DATE...   ....MAG....      ..COUNTY LOCATION..ST.. ...SOURCE....
            ..REMARKS..

0830 PM     FLASH FLOOD      TAYLORVILLE             39.52N 89.26W
05/30/2008                   CHRISTIAN          IL   TRAINED SPOTTER

            4 TO 6 INCHES OF WATER OVER ROADS.

&&

SMITH

The office that day

Everything else NWS Lincoln, IL issued on the same UTC day.

Issued	Product	Office	Counties	Lasted
May 30, 7:01 PM CDT	Flash Flood Warning	ILX	Morgan, Scott	3 hr
May 30, 7:07 PM CDT	Severe Thunderstorm Warning	ILX	Champaign, Vermilion	38 min
May 30, 7:10 PM CDT	Tornado Warning	ILX	Edgar, Vermilion	33 min
May 30, 7:11 PM CDT	Severe Thunderstorm Warning	ILX	Macon, Moultrie, Piatt	34 min
May 30, 7:15 PM CDT	Severe Thunderstorm Warning	ILX	Scott	30 min
May 30, 7:16 PM CDT	Flash Flood Warning	ILX	Sangamon	3 hr
May 30, 7:16 PM CDT	Flash Flood Warning	ILX	Sangamon	3 hr
May 30, 7:30 PM CDT	Tornado Warning	ILX	Christian, Sangamon	45 min
May 30, 7:37 PM CDT	Flash Flood Warning	ILX	Champaign, Vermilion	3 hr
May 30, 7:40 PM CDT	Tornado Warning	ILX	Douglas, Moultrie, Piatt	35 min
May 30, 7:52 PM CDT	Tornado Warning	ILX	Christian	38 min
May 30, 8:06 PM CDT	Severe Thunderstorm Warning	ILX	Douglas, Edgar	39 min
May 30, 8:09 PM CDT	Severe Thunderstorm Warning	ILX	Vermilion	39 min
May 30, 8:13 PM CDT	Tornado Warning	ILX	Christian, Shelby	47 min
May 30, 8:19 PM CDT	Flash Flood Warning	ILX	Christian	116 min
May 30, 8:37 PM CDT	Tornado Warning	ILX	Moultrie, Shelby	23 min
May 30, 8:42 PM CDT	Severe Thunderstorm Warning	ILX	Edgar	33 min
May 30, 8:48 PM CDT	Severe Thunderstorm Warning	ILX	Christian, Macon	42 min
May 30, 8:59 PM CDT	Severe Thunderstorm Warning	ILX	Coles, Douglas, Moultrie	46 min
May 30, 9:24 PM CDT	Severe Thunderstorm Warning	ILX	Clark, Edgar	42 min
May 31, 6:08 PM CDT	Severe Thunderstorm Warning	ILX	Clay	52 min

Nearby

Severe Thunderstorm Warnings in Illinois, 2008 Every severe thunderstorm warning in 2008

Sources

The product and its follow-ups from the Iowa Environmental Mesonet's archive of National Weather Service and Storm Prediction Center text; the sounding from the Mesonet's radiosonde archive; radar from the NEXRAD Level II archive.