Alert archive / Kentucky / Tornado Warnings in 2006
Tornado Warning 33, NWS Louisville, KY
NWS Louisville, KY issued this tornado warning at Apr 2, 2006, 10:07 PM CDT for Green County, Taylor County, Kentucky. It was in force for 23 min. 2 reports came from inside the area while it was in force.
The area
The outline as issued, with what was reported inside it.
The facts
- Issued
- Apr 2, 2006, 10:07 PM CDT (03:07 UTC)
- Expired
- Apr 2, 2006, 10:30 PM CDT
- In force
- 23 min
- Issued by
- NWS Louisville, KY
- Area
- Counties, with a storm outline in the text
Counties Green County, KY, Taylor County, KY
The radar
The Louisville radar (KLVX), 80 km from the middle of the area, began a volume at 03:08 UTC, the scan nearest the moment this went out.
Open the radar archive at this moment
The archived warnings, watches and discussions in force at that minute are drawn over the scan, this one among them.
What was reported inside it
| Time | Report | Where | Remark |
|---|---|---|---|
| Apr 2, 10:08 PM CDT | TSTM WND GST 60 | 5 W Saloma, KY | |
| Apr 2, 10:10 PM CDT | TSTM WND DMG | Allendale, KY | SEVERAL REPORTS OF POWER OUTAGES NEAR ALLENDALE FROM MOST RECENT STORM. |
Local storm reports filed while the alert was in force, from inside its polygon or its counties.
Did it verify
Not verified. The Iowa Environmental Mesonet's Cow found no qualifying storm report inside this tornado warning while it was in force. That is not proof nothing happened: reports are thin where few people live.
Cow counts a report within 15 km of the polygon while the warning was in force: a tornado for a tornado warning; hail of 1 inch or more, a gust of 58 mph or more or wind damage for a severe thunderstorm warning; a flash flood report for a flash flood warning.
The watch it was issued in
The SPC watch in force over the same counties when this warning went out.
| Issued | Product | Office | Lasted |
|---|---|---|---|
| Apr 2, 8:40 PM CDT | Tornado Watch | SPC | 6 hr |
The nearest sounding before it
Nashville Metro, TN (KBNA), launched 00:00Z, 3.1 hours before the alert went out and 171 km from the middle of its area. This is the routine balloon launch nearest before it, the air the forecaster had in hand, not a measurement taken for the alert.
- Mixed-layer CAPE
- 80 J/kg
- Mixed-layer CIN
- -308 J/kg
- Mixed-layer LCL
- 1096 m above ground
- 0-6 km bulk shear
- 42 kt
- 0-1 km storm-relative helicity
- 324 m²/s²
- 0-3 km storm-relative helicity
- 318 m²/s²
- Significant tornado parameter
- 0.0
- Supercell composite
- 0.0
The text
As transmitted, in the capitals the NWS used until 2016.
000 WFUS53 KLMK 030307 TORLMK KYC087-217-030330- /O.NEW.KLMK.TO.W.0033.060403T0307Z-060403T0330Z/ BULLETIN - EAS ACTIVATION REQUESTED TORNADO WARNING NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE LOUISVILLE KY 1107 PM EDT SUN APR 2 2006 THE NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE IN LOUISVILLE HAS ISSUED A * TORNADO WARNING FOR... GREEN COUNTY IN SOUTH CENTRAL KENTUCKY TAYLOR COUNTY IN SOUTH CENTRAL KENTUCKY * UNTIL 1130 PM EDT(1030 PM CDT) * AT 1003 PM CDT...NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE DOPPLER RADAR INDICATED A SEVERE THUNDERSTORM CAPABLE OF PRODUCING A TORNADO 13 MILES WEST OF CAMPBELLSVILLE...OR ABOUT 55 MILES NORTHEAST OF BOWLING GREEN... MOVING EAST AT 60 MPH. * THE TORNADO IS WILL BE NEAR... CAMPBELLSVILLE BY 1115 PM EDT THIS REPLACES THE PREVIOUSLY ISSUED SEVERE THUNDERSTORM WARNING. IN ADDITION TO THE TORNADO...THIS STORM IS CAPABLE OF PRODUCING GOLFBALL SIZE HAIL AND DESTRUCTIVE STRAIGHT LINE WINDS TO NEAR 75 MPH. THE SAFEST PLACE TO BE DURING A TORNADO IS IN A BASEMENT. GET UNDER A WORKBENCH OR OTHER PIECE OF STURDY FURNITURE. IF NO BASEMENT IS AVAILABLE...SEEK SHELTER ON THE LOWEST FLOOR OF THE BUILDING IN AN INTERIOR HALLWAY OR ROOM SUCH AS A CLOSET. USE BLANKETS OR PILLOWS TO COVER YOUR BODY AND ALWAYS STAY AWAY FROM WINDOWS. IF IN MOBILE HOMES OR VEHICLES...EVACUATE THEM AND GET INSIDE A SUBSTANTIAL SHELTER. IF NO SHELTER IS AVAILABLE...LIE FLAT IN THE NEAREST DITCH OR OTHER LOW SPOT AND COVER YOUR HEAD WITH YOUR HANDS. LAT...LON 3744 8565 3725 8568 3727 8522 3742 8512 $$ CS
1 follow-up statement
000 WWUS53 KLMK 030330 SVSLMK SEVERE WEATHER STATEMENT NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE LOUISVILLE KY 1130 PM EDT SUN APR 2 2006 KYC087-217-030340- /O.EXP.KLMK.TO.W.0033.000000T0000Z-060403T0330Z/ TAYLOR KY-GREEN KY- 1130 PM EDT SUN APR 2 2006 ...THE TORNADO WARNING FOR NORTHERN GREEN AND TAYLOR COUNTIES EXPIRES AT 1130 PM EDT (1030 PM CDT)... A TORNADO WATCH REMAINS IN EFFECT UNTIL 400 AM EDT MONDAY MORNING (300 AM CDT MONDAY MORNING) FOR SOUTH CENTRAL INDIANA AND EASTERN KENTUCKY. LAT...LON 3744 8565 3725 8568 3727 8522 3742 8512 $$ AL
What forecasters said that day
The local office's own words before this tornado warning went out, as it sent them, from the Iowa Environmental Mesonet's archive of National Weather Service text.
NWS Louisville, KY wrote its last area forecast discussion before this tornado warning went out at Apr 2, 8:45 PM CDT, 1 hour 22 minutes earlier.
Area forecast discussion, Apr 2, 8:45 PM CDT, 1 hour 22 minutes before
AREA FORECAST DISCUSSION NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE LOUISVILLE KY 945 PM EDT SUN APR 2 2006 .EVENING UPDATE:... WILL UPDATE TO ADD TORNADO WATCH FOR ECENTRL KY. PREVIOUS DISCUSSION BELOW: .SHORT TERM (TONIGHT AND MONDAY)... SCATTERED SHOWERS AND A FEW THUNDERSTORMS DEVELOPING ACROSS PARTS OF FORECAST AREA AT MID AFTERNOON WITH CONSIDERABLY MORE DEVELOPMENT ACROSS THE TENNESSEE. EXPECT THESE STORMS TO CONTINUE TO MOVE TO THE NORTHEAST AND REACH SOUTH CENTRAL KENTUCKY BY LATE AFTERNOON. WARM FRONT HAS MOVED NORTH ACROSS MOST OF THE AREA AND WILL TRACK NORTH INTO CENTRAL INDIANA BY LATE AFTERNOON. COMPLEX FORECAST FOR TONIGHT WITH POTENTIAL FOR SEVERE WEATHER AND STRONGER STORMS ALONG AND AHEAD OF COLD FRONT. AIR HAS DESTABILIZED IN THE WARM SECTOR WITH SURFACE BASED LIS -9 ACROSS PARTS OF MISSOURI AND ARKANSAS. EXPECT TWO SHOTS AT SEVERE WEATHER. FIRST THIS EVENING AS THE STORMS IN TENNESSEE MOVE NORTHEAST FROM TENNESSEE. SECOND WILL BE LATER THIS EVENING INTO EARLY OVERNIGHT AS UNSTABLE AIR FROM MISSOURI WORKS EAST AND COLD FRONT PUSHES INTO CENTRAL KENTUCKY. UPPER LEVEL JET WILL MOVE INTO CENTRAL KENTUCKY BY 06Z WITH A STRONGER JET STREAK BEHIND IT. 40 TO 50 KT WINDS AT 850 MB WILL ALSO AID IN STRONG WINDS GUSTS AS THUNDERSTORMS DEVELOP INTO LINES TONIGHT. ON MONDAY AS THE COLD FRONT MOVES TO THE EAST...WRAP AROUND MOISTURE WILL KEEP CLOUDS OVER THE AREA. COLDER AIR ALOFT ASSOCIATED WITH COLD CORE LOW TO OUR NORTH WILL KEEP AIR UNSTABLE ENOUGH FOR SCATTERED SHOWERS TO DEVELOP...ESPECIALLY ACROSS THE NORTHERN HALF OF THE FORECAST AREA. TEMPERATURES WILL NOT RISE MUCH DURING THE DAY MONDAY WITH READINGS REMAINING NEARLY STEADY THROUGH THE DAY. WILL GO A LITTLE COOLER THAN GFS MOS BUT BELIEVE NAM MOS IS TOO COOL...ESPECIALLY AT LEX. WILL GO WITH A BLEND. SCHOLZ .LONG TERM (MONDAY NIGHT THROUGH SUNDAY)... MONDAY NIGHT THROUGH WEDNESDAY... FAIRLY BENIGN WEATHER PATTERN FOR THIS PERIOD. AN UPPER LEVEL RIDGE WILL MOVE ACROSS THE OHIO VALLEY IN THE WAKE OF A DEPARTING TROUGH. AT THE SURFACE COOL HIGH PRESSURE WILL BUILD INTO THE REGION FROM THE NORTHERN PLAINS. SKIES WILL CLEAR BETWEEN 00Z AND 12Z TUESDAY AND REMAIN CLEAR UNTIL HIGH CLOUDS INCREASE LATE WEDNESDAY AFTERNOON. ONLY CONCERN WILL BE TEMPERATURES TUESDAY MORNING. MODEL GUIDANCE NUMBERS ARE CONSISTENT WITH LOWS IN THE LOWER 30S. THIS COMBINED WITH DIMINISHING WINDS WILL MAKE FROST A DISTINCT POSSIBILITY ESPECIALLY ACROSS EAST CENTRAL KENTUCKY AND SOUTHERN INDIANA. READINGS WILL REBOUND TUESDAY AFTERNOON AS HIGHS TOP OUT IN THE UPPER 50S AND LOWER 60S. TEMPERATURES WEDNESDAY WILL BE A FEW DEGREES WARMER. WEDNESDAY NIGHT THROUGH SUNDAY... MID RANGE MODELS ARE HAVING SOME DIFFICULTY RESOLVING THE UPPER LEVEL PATTERN FOR THIS FORECAST PERIOD. THE MAIN CONCERN WILL BE ADDITIONAL ENERGY DROPPING INTO THE EASTERN UNITED STATES TROUGH AT THE BEGINNING OF THE PERIOD AND AN ADDITIONAL TROUGH DEVELOPING OFF THE WEST COAST. THIS WILL AFFECT THE TIMING AND STRENGTH OF A TROUGH OVER THE INTERIOR WEST AT 00Z THURSDAY. FOR CONSISTENCY WE WILL USE THE GFS ENSEMBLE FOR THIS FORECAST. SHOWERS AND SCATTERED THUNDERSTORMS WILL MOVE INTO THE LOWER OHIO VALLEY THURSDAY AS A WARM FRONT TRAVELS NORTH THROUGH THE REGION. THUNDERSTORMS WILL REMAIN POSSIBLE FRIDAY IN THE WARM MOIST AIRMASS AHEAD OF A COLD FRONT. PRECIPITATION SHOULD END FRIDAY NIGHT. FOR NOW WE WILL KEEP MOST OF SATURDAY AND SUNDAY DRY. AS MENTIONED THIS IS A LOW CONFIDENCE FORECAST AND WE MAY NEED TO ADD PRECIPITATION TO NEXT WEEKENDS FORECAST IF THE EUROPEAN AND CANADIAN MODELS VERIFY. --JA && .LMK WATCHES/WARNINGS/ADVISORIES... KY...NONE. IN...NONE. &&
Hazardous weather outlook, Apr 2, 2:40 PM CDT, 7 hours 27 minutes before
HAZARDOUS WEATHER OUTLOOK NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE LOUISVILLE KY 340 PM EDT SUN APR 2 2006 INZ076>079-083-084-089>092-KYZ023>043-045>049-053>057-061>067- 070>078-081-082-030830- ORANGE IN-WASHINGTON IN-SCOTT IN-JEFFERSON IN-DUBOIS IN- CRAWFORD IN-PERRY IN-HARRISON IN-FLOYD IN-CLARK IN-HANCOCK KY- BRECKINRIDGE KY-MEADE KY-OHIO KY-GRAYSON KY-HARDIN KY-BULLITT KY- JEFFERSON KY-OLDHAM KY-TRIMBLE KY-HENRY KY-SHELBY KY-FRANKLIN KY- SCOTT KY-HARRISON KY-SPENCER KY-ANDERSON KY-WOODFORD KY- FAYETTE KY-BOURBON KY-NICHOLAS KY-NELSON KY-WASHINGTON KY- MERCER KY-JESSAMINE KY-CLARK KY-LARUE KY-MARION KY-BOYLE KY- GARRARD KY-MADISON KY-BUTLER KY-EDMONSON KY-HART KY-GREEN KY- TAYLOR KY-CASEY KY-LINCOLN KY-LOGAN KY-WARREN KY-SIMPSON KY- ALLEN KY-BARREN KY-MONROE KY-METCALFE KY-ADAIR KY-RUSSELL KY- CUMBERLAND KY-CLINTON KY- 340 PM EDT SUN APR 2 2006 THIS HAZARDOUS WEATHER OUTLOOK IS FOR PORTIONS OF SOUTH CENTRAL INDIANA AND CENTRAL KENTUCKY. .DAY ONE...THIS EVENING AND TONIGHT. A WARM FRONT WILL CONTINUE TO LIFT NORTHWARD ACROSS THE OUTLOOK AREA THIS AFTERNOON...HELPING GENERATE SCATTERED SHOWERS AND THUNDERSTORMS. SOME OF THESE STORMS WILL BE CAPABLE OF PRODUCING HAIL... GUSTY WINDS... DANGEROUS CLOUD TO GROUND LIGHTNING... AND LOCALLY HEAVY RAINS. TONIGHT...AS LOW PRESSURE MOVES INTO THE GREAT LAKES REGION...A COLD FRONT IS FORECAST TO PUSH EASTWARD ACROSS THE LOWER OHIO VALLEY. SCATTERED TO NUMEROUS THUNDERSTORMS ARE EXPECTED TO DEVELOP OVER MISSOURI AND ILLINOIS THIS EVENING ...AND TRAVEL EASTWARD INTO THE OUTLOOK AREA AHEAD OF THE FRONT...LIKELY FORMING INTO A SQUALL LINE WITH SEVERE THUNDERSTORMS. BASED ON CURRENT DATA...THE BEST CHANCES FOR WIDESPREAD SEVERE WEATHER IN THE OUTLOOK AREA ARE BETWEEN 11 PM AND 4 AM EDT. THE STORMS TONIGHT WILL LIKELY BE FAST MOVING...WITH DAMAGING WINDS THE MAIN THREAT...ALONG WITH LARGE HAIL. ISOLATED TORNADOES CANNOT BE RULED OUT. LOCATIONS WEST OF I-65 HAVE THE BEST CHANCES OF SEVERE WEATHER. .DAYS TWO THROUGH SEVEN...MONDAY THROUGH SATURDAY. A WEATHER SYSTEM IS FORECAST TO MOVE INTO THE REGION LATE THURSDAY INTO FRIDAY...BRINGING ANOTHER CHANCE OF THUNDERSTORMS TO THE AREA. .SPOTTER INFORMATION STATEMENT... SPOTTERS AND EMERGENCY MANAGERS SHOULD MONITOR WEATHER CONDITIONS THIS EVENING AND TONIGHT. SPOTTER ACTIVATION IS LIKELY...MAINLY TONIGHT. LISTEN TO NOAA WEATHER RADIO...LOCAL MEDIA... OR VISIT OUR WEBSITE AT WEATHER.GOV/LOUISVILLE FOR UPDATES AND MORE INFORMATION. JA
In the hours before
Local storm report, Apr 2, 9:45 PM CDT, 22 minutes before
PRELIMINARY LOCAL STORM REPORT
NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE LOUISVILLE KY
1045 PM EDT SUN APR 02 2006
..TIME... ...EVENT... ...CITY LOCATION... ...LAT.LON...
..DATE... ....MAG.... ..COUNTY LOCATION..ST.. ...SOURCE....
..REMARKS..
1035 PM TSTM WND DMG LEWISBURG 36.99N 86.95W
04/02/2006 LOGAN KY EMERGENCY MNGR
STRUCTURE DAMAGE AT KINGPORT AVE.
&&
CALLAHANLocal storm report, Apr 2, 9:52 PM CDT, 15 minutes before
PRELIMINARY LOCAL STORM REPORT
NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE LOUISVILLE KY
1052 PM EDT SUN APR 02 2006
..TIME... ...EVENT... ...CITY LOCATION... ...LAT.LON...
..DATE... ....MAG.... ..COUNTY LOCATION..ST.. ...SOURCE....
..REMARKS..
0920 PM TSTM WND DMG CORYDON 38.21N 86.13W
04/02/2006 HARRISON IN TRAINED SPOTTER
TREES AND POWER LINES DOWN. I-64 CLOSED DUE TO POWER
LINES BETWEEN LEAVENWORTH AND CORYDON. IN 62 CLOSED 1/2
MILE EAST OF CORYDON DUE TO TREES. WAL-MART ROOF DAMAGE
IN TOWN.
&&
CALLAHANLocal storm report, Apr 2, 9:54 PM CDT, 13 minutes before
PRELIMINARY LOCAL STORM REPORT
NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE LOUISVILLE KY
1054 PM EDT SUN APR 02 2006
..TIME... ...EVENT... ...CITY LOCATION... ...LAT.LON...
..DATE... ....MAG.... ..COUNTY LOCATION..ST.. ...SOURCE....
..REMARKS..
1054 PM TSTM WND GST GEORGETOWN 38.21N 84.55W
04/02/2006 E70 MPH SCOTT KY TRAINED SPOTTER
&&
CALLAHANLocal storm report, Apr 2, 9:55 PM CDT, 12 minutes before
PRELIMINARY LOCAL STORM REPORT
NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE LOUISVILLE KY
1055 PM EDT SUN APR 02 2006
..TIME... ...EVENT... ...CITY LOCATION... ...LAT.LON...
..DATE... ....MAG.... ..COUNTY LOCATION..ST.. ...SOURCE....
..REMARKS..
1007 PM TSTM WND DMG BEDFORD 38.59N 85.32W
04/02/2006 TRIMBLE KY EMERGENCY MNGR
SECOND HAND REPORT OF POWER OUT ACROSS MUCH OF TRIMBLE
COUNTY.
&&
JDENMALocal storm report, Apr 2, 9:58 PM CDT, 9 minutes before
PRELIMINARY LOCAL STORM REPORT
NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE LOUISVILLE KY
1058 PM EDT SUN APR 02 2006
..TIME... ...EVENT... ...CITY LOCATION... ...LAT.LON...
..DATE... ....MAG.... ..COUNTY LOCATION..ST.. ...SOURCE....
..REMARKS..
0953 PM HAIL LOUISVILLE 38.22N 85.74W
04/02/2006 U1.00 INCH JEFFERSON KY TRAINED SPOTTER
HAIL BROKE WINDOWS ALONG BARDSTOWN ROAD IN BUECHEL AREA.
&&
CALLAHANLocal storm report, Apr 2, 10:00 PM CDT, 7 minutes before
PRELIMINARY LOCAL STORM REPORT
NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE LOUISVILLE KY
1100 PM EDT SUN APR 02 2006
..TIME... ...EVENT... ...CITY LOCATION... ...LAT.LON...
..DATE... ....MAG.... ..COUNTY LOCATION..ST.. ...SOURCE....
..REMARKS..
1050 PM TSTM WND GST OXFORD 38.27N 84.53W
04/02/2006 M53 MPH SCOTT KY TRAINED SPOTTER
53 MPH WIND GUST MEASURED AT EXIT 53 OFF INTERSTATE 75
&&
JDENMAThe office that day
Everything else NWS Louisville, KY issued on the same UTC day.
| Issued | Product | Office | Counties | Lasted |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Apr 2, 7:47 PM CDT | Severe Thunderstorm Warning | LMK | Hancock | 28 min |
| Apr 2, 7:58 PM CDT | Tornado Warning | LMK | Butler, Ohio | 47 min |
| Apr 2, 8:02 PM CDT | Severe Thunderstorm Warning | LMK | Logan | 28 min |
| Apr 2, 8:12 PM CDT | Severe Thunderstorm Warning | LMK | Breckinridge, Hancock, Meade | 48 min |
| Apr 2, 8:29 PM CDT | Tornado Warning | LMK | Grayson | 46 min |
| Apr 2, 8:32 PM CDT | Severe Thunderstorm Warning | LMK | Jefferson | 43 min |
| Apr 2, 8:43 PM CDT | Tornado Warning | LMK | Ohio | 17 min |
| Apr 2, 8:45 PM CDT | Severe Thunderstorm Warning | LMK | Oldham, Trimble | 45 min |
| Apr 2, 8:57 PM CDT | Severe Thunderstorm Warning | LMK | Breckinridge, Bullitt, Hardin, Meade | 33 min |
| Apr 2, 9:01 PM CDT | Severe Thunderstorm Warning | LMK | Ohio | 14 min |
| Apr 2, 9:04 PM CDT | Tornado Warning | LMK | Logan | 41 min |
| Apr 2, 9:06 PM CDT | Severe Thunderstorm Warning | LMK | Henry, Shelby, Spencer | 24 min |
| Apr 2, 9:10 PM CDT | Tornado Warning | LMK | Jefferson, Shelby | 35 min |
| Apr 2, 9:12 PM CDT | Severe Thunderstorm Warning | LMK | Butler | 33 min |
| Apr 2, 9:25 PM CDT | Severe Thunderstorm Warning | LMK | Bullitt, Jefferson, Spencer | 35 min |
| Apr 2, 9:27 PM CDT | Severe Thunderstorm Warning | LMK | Franklin | 33 min |
| Apr 2, 9:28 PM CDT | Severe Thunderstorm Warning | LMK | Casey | 21 min |
| Apr 2, 9:39 PM CDT | Severe Thunderstorm Warning | LMK | Lincoln | 36 min |
| Apr 2, 9:41 PM CDT | Severe Thunderstorm Warning | LMK | Scott, Woodford | 34 min |
| Apr 2, 9:44 PM CDT | Tornado Warning | LMK | Logan | 16 min |
| Apr 2, 9:49 PM CDT | Severe Thunderstorm Warning | LMK | Anderson | 26 min |
| Apr 2, 9:53 PM CDT | Severe Thunderstorm Warning | LMK | Butler | 37 min |
| Apr 2, 9:53 PM CDT | Severe Thunderstorm Warning | LMK | Bourbon, Harrison, Nicholas | 37 min |
| Apr 2, 9:56 PM CDT | Severe Thunderstorm Warning | LMK | Green, Hart, Taylor | 34 min |
| Apr 2, 9:58 PM CDT | Severe Thunderstorm Warning | LMK | Fayette | 32 min |
| Apr 2, 9:58 PM CDT | Tornado Warning | LMK | Logan | 31 min |
| Apr 2, 10:11 PM CDT | Severe Thunderstorm Warning | LMK | Marion | 20 min |
| Apr 2, 10:17 PM CDT | Severe Thunderstorm Warning | LMK | Clinton, Cumberland, Monroe | 43 min |
| Apr 2, 10:19 PM CDT | Severe Thunderstorm Warning | LMK | Casey | 26 min |
| Apr 2, 10:21 PM CDT | Tornado Warning | LMK | Warren | 24 min |
| Apr 2, 10:32 PM CDT | Severe Thunderstorm Warning | LMK | Lincoln | 28 min |
| Apr 3, 12:32 AM CDT | Severe Thunderstorm Warning | LMK | Warren | 13 min |
Nearby
Tornado Warnings in Kentucky, 2006Every tornado warning in 2006Tornadoes in 2006
Sources
The product and its follow-ups from the Iowa Environmental Mesonet's archive of National Weather Service and Storm Prediction Center text; local storm reports from the same archive; the sounding from the Mesonet's radiosonde archive; radar from the NEXRAD Level II archive.