Alert archive / Tennessee / Tornado Watches in 1998

Tornado Watch 232

April 16, 1998Calloway County, Kentucky; 12 counties in North Carolina; 84 counties in Tennessee

The Storm Prediction Center issued this tornado watch at Apr 16, 1998, 4:00 PM CDT for Calloway County, Kentucky; 12 counties in North Carolina; 84 counties in Tennessee. It was in force for 6 hr.

The area

The outline as issued.

The facts

Issued
Apr 16, 1998, 4:00 PM CDT (21:00 UTC)
Expired
Apr 16, 1998, 10:00 PM CDT
In force
6 hr
Issued by
the Storm Prediction Center
All 97 counties

Calloway County, KY, Buncombe County, NC, Cherokee County, NC, Clay County, NC, Graham County, NC, Haywood County, NC, Henderson County, NC, Jackson County, NC, Macon County, NC, Madison County, NC, Swain County, NC, Transylvania County, NC, Yancey County, NC, Anderson County, TN, Bedford County, TN, Benton County, TN, Bledsoe County, TN, Blount County, TN, Bradley County, TN, Campbell County, TN, Cannon County, TN, Carroll County, TN, Cheatham County, TN, Chester County, TN, Claiborne County, TN, Clay County, TN, Cocke County, TN, Coffee County, TN, Cumberland County, TN, Davidson County, TN, Decatur County, TN, DeKalb County, TN, Dickson County, TN, Fentress County, TN, Franklin County, TN, Gibson County, TN, Giles County, TN, Grainger County, TN, Greene County, TN, Grundy County, TN, Hamblen County, TN, Hamilton County, TN, Hancock County, TN, Hardeman County, TN, Hardin County, TN, Hawkins County, TN, Henderson County, TN, Henry County, TN, Hickman County, TN, Houston County, TN, Humphreys County, TN, Jackson County, TN, Jefferson County, TN, Knox County, TN, Lawrence County, TN, Lewis County, TN, Lincoln County, TN, Loudon County, TN, Macon County, TN, Madison County, TN, Marion County, TN, Marshall County, TN, Maury County, TN, McMinn County, TN, McNairy County, TN, Meigs County, TN, Monroe County, TN, Montgomery County, TN, Moore County, TN, Morgan County, TN, Overton County, TN, Perry County, TN, Pickett County, TN, Polk County, TN, Putnam County, TN, Rhea County, TN, Roane County, TN, Robertson County, TN, Rutherford County, TN, Scott County, TN, Sequatchie County, TN, Sevier County, TN, Smith County, TN, Stewart County, TN, Sullivan County, TN, Sumner County, TN, Trousdale County, TN, Unicoi County, TN, Union County, TN, Van Buren County, TN, Warren County, TN, Washington County, TN, Wayne County, TN, Weakley County, TN, White County, TN, Williamson County, TN, Wilson County, TN

The radar

The Nashville radar (KOHX), 38 km from the middle of the area, began a volume at 20:59 UTC, the scan nearest the moment this went out.

Open the radar archive at this moment

The archived warnings, watches and discussions in force at that minute are drawn over the scan, this one among them.

Warnings issued inside it

118 tornado, severe thunderstorm and flash flood warnings for its counties while it was in force.

IssuedProductOfficeCountiesLasted
Apr 16, 4:04 PM CDTTornado WarningOHXDavidson46 min
Apr 16, 4:08 PM CDTTornado WarningOHXCheatham32 min
Apr 16, 4:10 PM CDTTornado WarningOHXDecatur50 min
Apr 16, 4:11 PM CDTSevere Thunderstorm WarningMEGHardin, McNairy49 min
Apr 16, 4:17 PM CDTSevere Thunderstorm WarningMRXBradley, McMinn, Meigs63 min
Apr 16, 4:17 PM CDTSevere Thunderstorm WarningMRXRhea63 min
Apr 16, 4:20 PM CDTTornado WarningOHXSmith65 min
Apr 16, 4:22 PM CDTTornado WarningMRXMeigs, Rhea33 min
Apr 16, 4:23 PM CDTTornado WarningOHXMacon62 min
Apr 16, 4:24 PM CDTSevere Thunderstorm WarningMRXSullivan46 min
Apr 16, 4:30 PM CDTSevere Thunderstorm WarningMEGChester35 min
Apr 16, 4:35 PM CDTTornado WarningMEGChester35 min
Apr 16, 4:36 PM CDTTornado WarningMEGHardin34 min
Apr 16, 4:36 PM CDTSevere Thunderstorm WarningMRXLoudon, Roane64 min
Apr 16, 4:39 PM CDTSevere Thunderstorm WarningMRXMcMinn, Polk61 min
Apr 16, 4:40 PM CDTTornado WarningOHXDickson65 min
Apr 16, 4:41 PM CDTSevere Thunderstorm WarningMEGHenderson34 min
Apr 16, 4:43 PM CDTTornado WarningOHXWayne47 min
Apr 16, 4:47 PM CDTTornado WarningMRXPolk63 min
Apr 16, 4:48 PM CDTTornado WarningOHXHumphreys32 min
Apr 16, 4:52 PM CDTTornado WarningOHXClay, Jackson33 min
Apr 16, 4:56 PM CDTTornado WarningOHXLawrence, Lewis34 min
Apr 16, 4:57 PM CDTTornado WarningOHXCheatham, Robertson63 min
Apr 16, 5:00 PM CDTSevere Thunderstorm WarningMRXAnderson, Knox65 min
Apr 16, 5:00 PM CDTTornado WarningMRXMonroe45 min
Apr 16, 5:04 PM CDTSevere Thunderstorm WarningMEGHardeman31 min
Apr 16, 5:07 PM CDTTornado WarningOHXTrousdale48 min
Apr 16, 5:12 PM CDTTornado WarningOHXDavidson33 min
Apr 16, 5:13 PM CDTTornado WarningOHXWilson32 min
Apr 16, 5:18 PM CDTTornado WarningOHXRobertson47 min
Apr 16, 5:19 PM CDTSevere Thunderstorm WarningMRXCumberland1 min
Apr 16, 5:20 PM CDTTornado WarningOHXSumner65 min
Apr 16, 5:23 PM CDTSevere Thunderstorm WarningMRXCumberland57 min
Apr 16, 5:27 PM CDTSevere Thunderstorm WarningMRXGrainger, Union58 min
Apr 16, 5:28 PM CDTTornado WarningOHXLawrence, Lewis47 min
Apr 16, 5:31 PM CDTSevere Thunderstorm WarningMEGHardin34 min
Apr 16, 5:34 PM CDTFlash Flood WarningOHXCheatham, Dickson, Hickman, Williamson3 hr
Apr 16, 5:34 PM CDTFlash Flood WarningOHXDavidson, Robertson, Sumner, Wilson3 hr
Apr 16, 5:34 PM CDTFlash Flood WarningOHXMacon, Trousdale3 hr
Apr 16, 5:34 PM CDTTornado WarningOHXPickett31 min
Apr 16, 5:37 PM CDTTornado WarningGSPGraham58 min
Apr 16, 5:37 PM CDTSevere Thunderstorm WarningMEGMcNairy33 min
Apr 16, 5:37 PM CDTSevere Thunderstorm WarningMRXFentress, Morgan63 min
Apr 16, 5:38 PM CDTTornado WarningMRXCumberland62 min
Apr 16, 5:38 PM CDTTornado WarningOHXGiles, Maury62 min
Apr 16, 5:42 PM CDTTornado WarningOHXMacon, Smith48 min
Apr 16, 5:42 PM CDTTornado WarningOHXWilson48 min
Apr 16, 5:44 PM CDTSevere Thunderstorm WarningMRXMonroe31 min
Apr 16, 5:46 PM CDTTornado WarningOHXWayne49 min
Apr 16, 5:46 PM CDTTornado WarningOHXJackson64 min
Apr 16, 5:48 PM CDTTornado WarningOHXClay62 min
Apr 16, 5:49 PM CDTTornado WarningMRXMorgan66 min
Apr 16, 5:53 PM CDTTornado WarningMRXClaiborne67 min
Apr 16, 6:04 PM CDTTornado WarningOHXDavidson31 min
Apr 16, 6:07 PM CDTTornado WarningMRXHancock48 min
Apr 16, 6:08 PM CDTTornado WarningGSPSwain62 min
Apr 16, 6:09 PM CDTSevere Thunderstorm WarningMEGHardin31 min
Apr 16, 6:12 PM CDTTornado WarningMRXCampbell33 min
Apr 16, 6:13 PM CDTSevere Thunderstorm WarningMRXBradley, Hamilton62 min
Apr 16, 6:13 PM CDTTornado WarningMRXUnion37 min
Apr 16, 6:14 PM CDTTornado WarningOHXMarshall61 min
Apr 16, 6:15 PM CDTTornado WarningMRXAnderson35 min
Apr 16, 6:17 PM CDTFlash Flood WarningOHXLawrence, Lewis, Maury, Wayne3 hr
Apr 16, 6:19 PM CDTTornado WarningOHXPickett31 min
Apr 16, 6:21 PM CDTTornado WarningMRXGrainger34 min
Apr 16, 6:23 PM CDTTornado WarningMRXScott32 min
Apr 16, 6:28 PM CDTSevere Thunderstorm WarningOHXSumner47 min
Apr 16, 6:29 PM CDTTornado WarningOHXMacon51 min
Apr 16, 6:30 PM CDTTornado WarningGSPJackson45 min
Apr 16, 6:39 PM CDTSevere Thunderstorm WarningOHXWayne46 min
Apr 16, 6:43 PM CDTSevere Thunderstorm WarningOHXWarren62 min
Apr 16, 6:43 PM CDTSevere Thunderstorm WarningOHXFranklin, Lincoln, Moore62 min
Apr 16, 6:43 PM CDTSevere Thunderstorm WarningOHXGiles, Lawrence62 min
Apr 16, 6:43 PM CDTSevere Thunderstorm WarningOHXMarion62 min
Apr 16, 6:45 PM CDTSevere Thunderstorm WarningMRXCampbell65 min
Apr 16, 6:48 PM CDTTornado WarningMRXAnderson, Union47 min
Apr 16, 6:50 PM CDTTornado WarningGSPHaywood45 min
Apr 16, 6:53 PM CDTTornado WarningMRXGrainger47 min
Apr 16, 6:54 PM CDTTornado WarningOHXRutherford46 min
Apr 16, 6:58 PM CDTTornado WarningMRXClaiborne47 min
Apr 16, 6:59 PM CDTFlash Flood WarningOHXGiles, Lawrence, Lewis, Marshall, Maury2 hr
Apr 16, 6:59 PM CDTFlash Flood WarningOHXWayne2 hr
Apr 16, 6:59 PM CDTFlash Flood WarningOHXFranklin, Grundy, Marion2 hr
Apr 16, 6:59 PM CDTFlash Flood WarningOHXBedford, Coffee, Lincoln, Moore2 hr
Apr 16, 7:02 PM CDTTornado WarningMRXHancock63 min
Apr 16, 7:03 PM CDTTornado WarningOHXRobertson, Sumner32 min
Apr 16, 7:06 PM CDTSevere Thunderstorm WarningMRXLoudon, Roane59 min
Apr 16, 7:11 PM CDTTornado WarningOHXGiles49 min
Apr 16, 7:14 PM CDTTornado WarningGSPBuncombe, Henderson61 min
Apr 16, 7:16 PM CDTTornado WarningOHXCoffee, Franklin49 min
Apr 16, 7:19 PM CDTTornado WarningOHXLincoln51 min
Apr 16, 7:20 PM CDTSevere Thunderstorm WarningMRXKnox65 min
Apr 16, 7:24 PM CDTTornado WarningOHXMaury46 min
Apr 16, 7:27 PM CDTTornado WarningOHXBedford, Moore48 min
Apr 16, 7:34 PM CDTTornado WarningOHXGrundy46 min
Apr 16, 7:37 PM CDTSevere Thunderstorm WarningMRXCumberland63 min
Apr 16, 7:45 PM CDTTornado WarningOHXWarren35 min
Apr 16, 7:47 PM CDTTornado WarningOHXMarshall48 min
Apr 16, 7:50 PM CDTSevere Thunderstorm WarningMRXJefferson, Sevier65 min
Apr 16, 7:53 PM CDTTornado WarningOHXSequatchie47 min
Apr 16, 7:59 PM CDTTornado WarningOHXFranklin46 min
Apr 16, 8:00 PM CDTTornado WarningOHXLincoln50 min
Apr 16, 8:01 PM CDTTornado WarningMRXHamblen, Jefferson64 min
Apr 16, 8:08 PM CDTTornado WarningOHXMoore32 min
Apr 16, 8:09 PM CDTTornado WarningOHXVan Buren46 min
Apr 16, 8:18 PM CDTTornado WarningOHXBledsoe47 min
Apr 16, 8:27 PM CDTSevere Thunderstorm WarningMRXCocke, Greene63 min
Apr 16, 8:27 PM CDTTornado WarningOHXBedford, Coffee48 min
Apr 16, 8:29 PM CDTTornado WarningOHXMarion66 min
Apr 16, 8:32 PM CDTSevere Thunderstorm WarningMRXMorgan48 min
Apr 16, 8:33 PM CDTTornado WarningOHXGrundy47 min
Apr 16, 8:38 PM CDTTornado WarningMRXMeigs, Rhea62 min
Apr 16, 8:40 PM CDTTornado WarningOHXGrundy40 min
Apr 16, 8:44 PM CDTTornado WarningOHXFranklin21 min
Apr 16, 8:53 PM CDTFlash Flood WarningMRXAnderson, Campbell, Claiborne, Union6 hr
Apr 16, 8:55 PM CDTSevere Thunderstorm WarningMRXCampbell50 min
Apr 16, 9:40 PM CDTTornado WarningOHXMarion, Sequatchie35 min
Apr 16, 9:51 PM CDTSevere Thunderstorm WarningMRXHamilton64 min

The nearest sounding before it

Nashville Metro, TN (KBNA), launched 12:00Z, 9.0 hours before the alert went out and 32 km from the middle of its area. This is the routine balloon launch nearest before it, the air the forecaster had in hand, not a measurement taken for the alert.

Skew-T log-pSkew-T log-p diagram, Nashville Metro, TN at 12:00Z on 1998-04-16Temperature and dew point through the depth of the atmosphere, with the mixed-layer parcel. CAPE 76 joules per kilogram.LCLLFCEL10008507005003002001001 km2 km3 km6 km9 km12 km15 km-30°-20°-10°0°10°20°30°40°
Temperature in red, dew point in green, the mixed-layer parcel dashed.
HodographHodograph, Nashville Metro, TN at 12:00Z on 1998-04-16The wind through the lowest 10 kilometers. Zero to 1 km storm-relative helicity 13 square meters per square second.19395878Sfc1 km3 km6 km9 kmRMLM
The wind turning with height, colored by layer: ground to 1 km, 1 to 3 km, 3 to 6 km, 6 to 10 km.
Mixed-layer CAPE
76 J/kg
Mixed-layer CIN
-20 J/kg
Mixed-layer LCL
585 m above ground
0-6 km bulk shear
48 kt
0-1 km storm-relative helicity
13 m²/s²
0-3 km storm-relative helicity
180 m²/s²
Significant tornado parameter
0.0
Supercell composite
-0.0

Open this sounding in Storm Lab

The text

As transmitted, in the capitals the NWS used until 2016.

900 
WWUS9 KMKC 162021
SEL2  
MKC WW 162021
TNZ000-NCZ000-170300-

BULLETIN - IMMEDIATE BROADCAST REQUESTED
TORNADO WATCH NUMBER 232
STORM PREDICTION CENTER NORMAN OK
321 PM CDT THU APR 16 1998

THE STORM PREDICTION CENTER HAS ISSUED A
TORNADO WATCH FOR PORTIONS OF

   TENNESSEE                          
   WESTERN NORTH CAROLINA                     

EFFECTIVE THIS THURSDAY AFTERNOON AND EVENING FROM 400 PM UNTIL
1000 PM CDT.

THIS IS A PARTICULARLY DANGEROUS SITUATION WITH THE POSSIBILITY OF
VERY DAMAGING TORNADOES.  ALSO...LARGE HAIL TO 3 INCHES IN
DIAMETER...THUNDERSTORM WIND GUSTS TO 80 MPH...AND DANGEROUS
LIGHTNING ARE POSSIBLE IN THESE AREAS.

THE TORNADO WATCH AREA IS ALONG AND 55 STATUTE MILES NORTH AND
SOUTH OF A LINE FROM 20 MILES NORTH NORTHWEST OF JACKSON TENNESSEE
TO 30 MILES NORTHEAST OF ASHEVILLE NORTH CAROLINA.

REMEMBER...A TORNADO WATCH MEANS CONDITIONS ARE FAVORABLE FOR
TORNADOES AND SEVERE THUNDERSTORMS IN AND CLOSE TO THE WATCH AREA. 
PERSONS IN THESE AREAS SHOULD BE ON THE LOOKOUT FOR THREATENING
WEATHER CONDITIONS AND LISTEN FOR LATER STATEMENTS AND POSSIBLE
WARNINGS.

OTHER WATCH INFORMATION...THIS TORNADO WATCH REPLACES TORNADO WATCH
NUMBER 228...TORNADO WATCH NUMBER 230.  WATCH NUMBER 228...230 WILL
NOT BE IN EFFECT AFTER 400 PM CDT.  CONTINUE...WW 231...

DISCUSSION...SUPERCELL THREAT WILL CONTINUE IN VICINITY OF EXISTING 
OUTFLOW BOUNDARY STALLED ROUGHLY E/W ACROSS WATCH REGION....WHERE
STRONGEST LOW-LEVEL INFLOW WILL FOCUS BENEATH EXIT REGION OF HIGH
LEVEL JET STREAK NOW ENTERING ERN AR.  

AVIATION...TORNADOES AND A FEW SEVERE THUNDERSTORMS WITH HAIL
SURFACE AND ALOFT TO 3 INCHES.  EXTREME TURBULENCE AND SURFACE WIND
GUSTS TO 70 KNOTS.  A FEW CUMULONIMBI WITH MAXIMUM TOPS TO 480. 
MEAN STORM MOTION VECTOR 25040.


...CORFIDI

363,0890 363,0821 345,0821 350,0890

SPC that day

Everything else SPC issued on the same UTC day.

IssuedProductOfficeCountiesLasted
Apr 15, 8:45 PM CDTTornado WatchSPCBreckinridge, Bullitt, Carroll, Crittenden, Daviess, Grayson and 17 more5 hr
Apr 15, 10:15 PM CDTTornado WatchSPCAnderson, Bath, Boone, Bourbon, Boyd, Bracken and 36 more6 hr
Apr 15, 11:00 PM CDTTornado WatchSPCBallard, Carlisle, Graves, Hickman, Livingston, McCracken5 hr
Apr 16, 1:45 AM CDTTornado WatchSPCAdair, Allen, Anderson, Barren, Boone, Bourbon and 68 more5 hr
Apr 16, 7:00 AM CDTTornado WatchSPCAdair, Bell, Boyle, Breathitt, Casey, Clay and 21 more6 hr
Apr 16, 1:45 PM CDTTornado WatchSPCAllen, Anderson, Barren, Boone, Breckinridge, Bullitt and 45 more6 hr
Apr 16, 4:30 PM CDTTornado WatchSPCAdair, Allen, Anderson, Barren, Bath, Bourbon and 47 more7 hr
Apr 16, 1:00 PM CDTTornado WatchSPCBuncombe, Cherokee, Clay, Graham, Haywood, Henderson and 6 more6 hr
Apr 16, 12:00 AM CDTTornado WatchSPCCrockett, Dyer, Gibson, Haywood, Henry, Lake and 5 more5 hr
Apr 16, 4:30 AM CDTTornado WatchSPCBedford, Benton, Carroll, Cheatham, Chester, Crockett and 34 more6 hr
Apr 16, 7:30 AM CDTSevere Thunderstorm WatchSPCLake, Lauderdale, Shelby, Tipton6 hr
Apr 16, 10:00 AM CDTTornado WatchSPCBedford, Benton, Cannon, Carroll, Cheatham, Chester and 39 more6 hr

Nearby

Tornado Watches in Tennessee, 1998Tornado Watches in North Carolina, 1998Tornado Watches in Kentucky, 1998Every tornado watch in 1998

Sources

The product and its follow-ups from the Iowa Environmental Mesonet's archive of National Weather Service and Storm Prediction Center text; the sounding from the Mesonet's radiosonde archive; radar from the NEXRAD Level II archive.