Alert archive / Pennsylvania / Severe Thunderstorm Warnings in 1998
Severe Thunderstorm Warning 79, NWS State College, PA
NWS State College, PA issued this severe thunderstorm warning at May 31, 1998, 9:46 PM EDT for Fulton County, Pennsylvania. It was in force for 29 min. 1 report came from inside the area while it was in force.
The area
The outline the Iowa Environmental Mesonet reconstructed for it; the warning itself named whole counties, with what was reported inside it.
The facts
- Issued
- May 31, 1998, 9:46 PM EDT (01:46 UTC)
- Expired
- May 31, 1998, 10:15 PM EDT
- In force
- 29 min
- Issued by
- NWS State College, PA
- Area
- Whole counties; the outline is the Mesonet’s reconstruction
County Fulton County, PA
The radar
The Sterling radar (KLWX), 112 km from the middle of the area, began a volume at 01:48 UTC, the scan nearest the moment this went out.
Open the radar archive at this moment
The archived warnings, watches and discussions in force at that minute are drawn over the scan, this one among them.
What was reported inside it
| Time | Report | Where | Remark |
|---|---|---|---|
| May 31, 10:00 PM EDT | Thunderstorm Wind 51 | Warfordsburg, PA | Trees and limbs down 1S of Warfordsburg. |
NCEI Storm Data entries that began inside the alert's area while it was in force. Before 2003 the local storm report archive is thin, so this is the record of what happened rather than what was phoned in.
The watch it was issued in
The SPC watch in force over the same counties when this warning went out.
| Issued | Product | Office | Lasted |
|---|---|---|---|
| May 31, 6:30 PM EDT | Tornado Watch | SPC | 7 hr |
The nearest sounding before it
Washington/Dulle, VA (KIAD), launched 00:00Z, 1.8 hours before the alert went out and 119 km from the middle of its area. This is the routine balloon launch nearest before it, the air the forecaster had in hand, not a measurement taken for the alert.
- Mixed-layer CAPE
- 3110 J/kg
- Mixed-layer CIN
- -29 J/kg
- Mixed-layer LCL
- 1063 m above ground
- 0-6 km bulk shear
- 30 kt
- 0-1 km storm-relative helicity
- 203 m²/s²
- 0-3 km storm-relative helicity
- 277 m²/s²
- Significant tornado parameter
- 3.0
- Supercell composite
- 18.2
The text
As transmitted, in the capitals the NWS used until 2016.
238
WUUS01 KCTP 010148 RRA
SVRCTP
PAC057-010215-
BULLETIN - EAS ACTIVATION REQUESTED
SEVERE THUNDERSTORM WARNING
NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE STATE COLLEGE PA
946 PM EDT SUN MAY 31 1998
THE NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE IN STATE COLLEGE PA HAS ISSUED A
* SEVERE THUNDERSTORM WARNING FOR...
SOUTHERN FULTON COUNTY IN PENNSYLVANIA
* UNTIL 1015 PM EDT
* AT 942 PM EDT NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE DOPPLER RADAR INDICATED A
SEVERE THUNDERSTORM OVER EXTREME SOUTH CENTRAL BEDFORD COUNTY...
OR ABOUT 20 MILES SOUTH OF BEDFORD...MOVING EAST AT 40 MILES PER
HOUR.
* SEVERE THUNDERSTORM WILL BE...
NEAR WARFORDSBURG BY AROUND 10 PM
A TORNADO WATCH REMAINS IN EFFECT UNTIL 1000 PM EDT FOR THE
AREA.
REPORT SEVERE WEATHER TO THE NEAREST LAW ENFORCEMENT AGENCY. THEY
WILL RELAY YOUR REPORT TO THE NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE FORECAST
OFFICE IN STATE COLLEGE PA.
LA CORTE
LAT...LON 3986 7829 3971 7841 3973 7809 3990 7799What forecasters said that day
The local office's own words before this severe thunderstorm warning went out, as it sent them, from the Iowa Environmental Mesonet's archive of National Weather Service text.
NWS State College, PA wrote its last area forecast discussion before this severe thunderstorm warning went out at May 31, 3:00 PM EDT, 6 hours 46 minutes earlier.
Area forecast discussion, May 31, 3:00 PM EDT, 6 hours 46 minutes before
CENTRAL PENNSYLVANIA FORECAST DISCUSSION NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE STATE COLLEGE PA 3 PM EDT SUN MAY 31 1998 ...MESOSCALE AND CONVECTIVE DISCUSSION... STRONG CELLS HAVE AT LEAST TEMPORARILY EXITED NRN PART OF STATE WITH SOME REPORTED HAIL AROUND 3/4 DIAMETER. MESO ANAL SHOWS OUTFLOW BOUNDARY SLIDING SE THRU NRN PA...AS A QUIET FEATURE SO FAR. OF CONCERN IS STRONG CONFLUENT ZONE AND AXIS OF HIGH MOISTURE SETTING UP OVER SUSQ VALLEY. SFC WINDS ARE GUSTING OUT OF THE SOUTH HELPING POOL DEWPOINTS NEAR 70 RESULTING IN SFC BASED CAPES NEARING 3000 J/KG. MODEL OUTPUT AND MESO ANAL FROM PSU SUGGEST CAP IS WEAKEST IN THIS AREA. SATELLITE TIMING SUGGESTS WE ARE ABOUT AN HOUR AWAY FROM NRN OUTFLOW BOUNDARY SWEEPING INTO THIS CONFLUENT ZONE. HARD TO SAY IF THIS WILL TRIGGER ACTIVITY OR IF CELLS JUST DECIDE TO FORM IN WHAT APPEARS TO BE A FAVORABLE ENVIRONMENT. OTHERWISE IT APPEARS AS IF MAIN ACTION WILL BE LATER IN THE AFTERNOON AND EVENING AS OHIO VALLEY CONVECTION SWINGS EAST INTO THE REGION. 18Z SFC ANAL SHOWS STARK WIND SHIFT ASSOC WITH COLD FRONT/SQUALL LINE. MODELS SHOW STRONG UPPER SUPPORT IN THE FORM OF A POTENT LOBE OF HIGH PV AIR SLIDING EAST ACCOMPANYING A COUPLED UPPER JET FEATURE. THE RETREATING RIGHT ENTRANCE REGION OF THE NRN BRANCH IS MADE TO CREATE A BULLS EYE OF STRONG DIVERGENCE OVER MUCH OF PA BY 00Z. MODEL SEEMS TO BE USING GENERATED CONVECTIVE PRECIP TO TIGHTEN UPPER HGHT FIELD WHICH IN TURN RESULTS IN SIGNIFICANT INTENSIFICATION OF THE JET STREAK AND ITS DIVERGENCE FIELD. BOTTOM LINE IS STAGE IS BEING SET FOR LATE DAY ROUND OF SEVERE CONVECTION. RIGHT NOW SHEAR IN LOW LEVELS SUPPORTS POSSIBLE ROTATING THUNDERSTORMS...BUT MODEL OUTPUT FROM MESO ETA AND BUFKIT SOUNDINGS SUGGEST WE LOSE HELICITY RAPIDLY LATER IN THE DAY AND EVENING. THIS LEANS TWD THREAT CHANGING FROM SUPERCELLS TO BOW ECHOES AND MAINLY STRAIGHT LINE WINDS. LA CORTE
In the hours before
Local storm report, May 31, 6:30 PM EDT, 3 hours 16 minutes before
PRELIMINARY LOCAL STORM REPORT
NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE STATE COLLEGE PENNSYLVANIA
630 PM EDT SUN MAY 31 1998
TIME(EDT) .....CITY LOCATION..... STATE ...EVENT/REMARKS...
....COUNTY LOCATION....
0115 PM LOTTSVILLE PA .88 INCH HAIL
05/31/98 WARREN
0510 PM BUTTONWOOD PA .75 INCH HAIL
05/31/98 LYCOMING
0513 PM CEDAR RUN PA 1 INCH HAIL
05/31/98 LYCOMING
0520 PM MARSH HILL PA TORNADO
05/31/98 LYCOMING SPOTTER REPORTED TORNADO
ON GROUND.
0530 PM BUTTONWOOD PA 1 INCH HAIL
05/31/98 LYCOMING REPORTS OF HAIL RANGED
FROM DIME TO QUATER SIZE
0530 PM BUTTONWOOD PA WIND DAMAGE
05/31/98 LYCOMING TREES DOWN. ROOF OF SHED
BLOWN OFF.
WINTHER/OSTUNOLocal storm report, May 31, 6:58 PM EDT, 2 hours 48 minutes before
PRELIMINARY LOCAL STORM REPORT...CORRECTED
NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE STATE COLLEGE PENNSYLVANIA
658 PM EDT SUN MAY 31 1998
TIME(EDT) .....CITY LOCATION..... STATE ...EVENT/REMARKS...
....COUNTY LOCATION....
0115 PM LOTTSVILLE PA .88 INCH HAIL
05/31/98 WARREN
0510 PM BUTTONWOOD PA .75 INCH HAIL
05/31/98 LYCOMING
0513 PM CEDAR RUN PA 1 INCH HAIL
05/31/98 LYCOMING
0520 PM 1W BUTTONWOOD PA TORNADO
05/31/98 LYCOMING SPOTTER REPORTED TORNADO
ON SUGAR HILL.
0530 PM BUTTONWOOD PA 1 INCH HAIL
05/31/98 LYCOMING REPORTS OF HAIL RANGED
FROM DIME TO QUARTER SIZE
0530 PM BUTTONWOOD PA WIND DAMAGE
05/31/98 LYCOMING TREES DOWN. ROOF OF SHED
BLOWN OFF.
CORRECTED FOR LOCATION OF TORNADO SIGHTING.
WINTHER/OSTUNOLocal storm report, May 31, 6:58 PM EDT, 2 hours 48 minutes before
PRELIMINARY LOCAL STORM REPORT...CORRECTED
NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE STATE COLLEGE PENNSYLVANIA
658 PM EDT SUN MAY 31 1998
TIME(EDT) .....CITY LOCATION..... STATE ...EVENT/REMARKS...
....COUNTY LOCATION....
0115 PM LOTTSVILLE PA .88 INCH HAIL
05/31/98 WARREN
0510 PM BUTTONWOOD PA .75 INCH HAIL
05/31/98 LYCOMING
0513 PM CEDAR RUN PA 1 INCH HAIL
05/31/98 LYCOMING
0520 PM 1W BUTTONWOOD PA TORNADO
05/31/98 LYCOMING SPOTTER REPORTED TORNADO
ON SUGAR HILL.
0530 PM BUTTONWOOD PA 1 INCH HAIL
05/31/98 LYCOMING REPORTS OF HAIL RANGED
FROM DIME TO QUARTER SIZE
0530 PM BUTTONWOOD PA WIND DAMAGE
05/31/98 LYCOMING TREES DOWN. ROOF OF SHED
BLOWN OFF.
CORRECTED FOR LOCATION OF TORNADO SIGHTING.
WINTHER/OSTUNOLocal storm report, May 31, 7:45 PM EDT, 2 hours 1 minute before
PRELIMINARY LOCAL STORM REPORT
NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE STATE COLLEGE PENNSYLVANIA
745 PM EDT SUN MAY 31 1998
TIME(EDT) .....CITY LOCATION..... STATE ...EVENT/REMARKS...
....COUNTY LOCATION.d...
0630 PM 3S BRADFORD PA TORNADO
05/31/98 MCKEAN REPORTED BY EMA
0730 PM PA WIND DAMAGE
05/31/98 ELK TREES DOWN COUNTYWIDE
OSTUNOSpecial weather statement, May 31, 9:27 PM EDT, 19 minutes before
PAZ004>006-010>012-017-018-010140- SPECIAL WEATHER STATEMENT- TORNADO WATCH CANCELLATION NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE STATE COLLEGE PA 927 PM EDT SUN MAY 31 1998 THE TORNADO WATCH IS NO LONGER IN EFFECT FOR WARREN...MCKEAN... POTTER...ELK...CAMERON...CLEARFIELD...CENTRE... AND NORTHERN CLINTON COUNTY. THE COLD FRONT IS USHERING COOLER...DRIER AIR INTO THE REGION ENDING THE SEVERE WEATHER THREAT. NO MORE SEVERE WEATHER IS EXPECTED TONIGHT IN THE ABOVE NAMED COUNTIES. HEAD
Special weather statement, May 31, 9:27 PM EDT, 19 minutes before
PAZ004>006-010>012-017-018-010140- SPECIAL WEATHER STATEMENT- TORNADO WATCH CANCELLATION NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE STATE COLLEGE PA 927 PM EDT SUN MAY 31 1998 THE TORNADO WATCH IS NO LONGER IN EFFECT FOR WARREN...MCKEAN... POTTER...ELK...CAMERON...CLEARFIELD...CENTRE... AND NORTHERN CLINTON COUNTY. THE COLD FRONT IS USHERING COOLER...DRIER AIR INTO THE REGION ENDING THE SEVERE WEATHER THREAT. NO MORE SEVERE WEATHER IS EXPECTED TONIGHT IN THE ABOVE NAMED COUNTIES. HEAD
The office that day
Everything else NWS State College, PA issued on the same UTC day.
| Issued | Product | Office | Counties | Lasted |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| May 31, 8:10 PM EDT | Tornado Warning | CTP | Lebanon | 35 min |
| May 31, 8:12 PM EDT | Tornado Warning | CTP | Clinton, Potter | 78 min |
| May 31, 8:22 PM EDT | Tornado Warning | CTP | Somerset | 38 min |
| May 31, 8:24 PM EDT | Severe Thunderstorm Warning | CTP | Centre | 91 min |
| May 31, 8:24 PM EDT | Severe Thunderstorm Warning | CTP | Lycoming | 91 min |
| May 31, 8:45 PM EDT | Tornado Warning | CTP | Bedford, Somerset | 60 min |
| May 31, 8:56 PM EDT | Severe Thunderstorm Warning | CTP | Lancaster, York | 34 min |
| May 31, 9:01 PM EDT | Severe Thunderstorm Warning | CTP | Columbia, Montour, Northumberland, Union | 89 min |
| May 31, 9:01 PM EDT | Severe Thunderstorm Warning | CTP | Sullivan | 89 min |
| May 31, 9:32 PM EDT | Tornado Warning | CTP | Bedford | 28 min |
| May 31, 9:45 PM EDT | Severe Thunderstorm Warning | CTP | Cambria, Somerset | 60 min |
| May 31, 9:45 PM EDT | Severe Thunderstorm Warning | CTP | Blair | 60 min |
| May 31, 10:19 PM EDT | Severe Thunderstorm Warning | CTP | Franklin | 56 min |
| May 31, 10:24 PM EDT | Severe Thunderstorm Warning | CTP | Bedford | 66 min |
| May 31, 10:39 PM EDT | Tornado Warning | CTP | Bedford | 66 min |
| May 31, 10:48 PM EDT | Severe Thunderstorm Warning | CTP | Huntingdon | 62 min |
| May 31, 10:52 PM EDT | Severe Thunderstorm Warning | CTP | Fulton | 38 min |
| May 31, 11:32 PM EDT | Severe Thunderstorm Warning | CTP | Franklin | 48 min |
| May 31, 11:36 PM EDT | Severe Thunderstorm Warning | CTP | Adams, Cumberland | 64 min |
| May 31, 11:47 PM EDT | Severe Thunderstorm Warning | CTP | Dauphin, York | 93 min |
| Jun 1, 12:09 AM EDT | Severe Thunderstorm Warning | CTP | Lancaster | 76 min |
Nearby
Severe Thunderstorm Warnings in Pennsylvania, 1998Every severe thunderstorm warning in 1998
Sources
The product and its follow-ups from the Iowa Environmental Mesonet's archive of National Weather Service and Storm Prediction Center text; verification from NCEI's Storm Data; the sounding from the Mesonet's radiosonde archive; radar from the NEXRAD Level II archive.