Alert archive / South Carolina / Tornado Warnings in 1998

Tornado Warning 25, NWS Columbia, SC

September 3, 1998Orangeburg County, South Carolina

NWS Columbia, SC issued this tornado warning at Sep 3, 1998, 2:11 PM EDT for Orangeburg County, South Carolina. It was in force for 34 min. 2 reports came from inside the area while it was in force.

The area

The counties it named, with what was reported inside it.

The facts

Issued
Sep 3, 1998, 2:11 PM EDT (18:11 UTC)
Expired
Sep 3, 1998, 2:45 PM EDT
In force
34 min
Issued by
NWS Columbia, SC
Area
Whole counties

County Orangeburg County, SC

The radar

The Columbia radar (KCAE), 64 km from the middle of the area, began a volume at 18:11 UTC, the scan nearest the moment this went out.

Open the radar archive at this moment

The archived warnings, watches and discussions in force at that minute are drawn over the scan, this one among them.

What was reported inside it

TimeReportWhereRemark
Sep 3, 2:20 PM EDTTornado F0Holly Hill, SCEPD reported two small tornadoes rotating around each other in the swamp east of highway 453.
Sep 3, 2:25 PM EDTHail 0.88Holly Hill, SCPostal carrier reported nickel size hail in north Holly Hill.

NCEI Storm Data entries that began inside the alert's area while it was in force. Before 2003 the local storm report archive is thin, so this is the record of what happened rather than what was phoned in.

The watch it was issued in

The SPC watch in force over the same counties when this warning went out.

IssuedProductOfficeLasted
Sep 3, 9:45 AM EDTTornado WatchSPC7 hr

The nearest sounding before it

Charleston AFB, SC (KCHS), launched 12:00Z, 6.2 hours before the alert went out and 96 km from the middle of its area. This is the routine balloon launch nearest before it, the air the forecaster had in hand, not a measurement taken for the alert.

Skew-T log-pSkew-T log-p diagram, Charleston AFB, SC at 12:00Z on 1998-09-03Temperature and dew point through the depth of the atmosphere, with the mixed-layer parcel. CAPE 182 joules per kilogram.LCLLFCEL10008507005003002001001 km2 km3 km6 km-30°-20°-10°10°20°30°40°
Temperature in red, dew point in green, the mixed-layer parcel dashed.
HodographHodograph, Charleston AFB, SC at 12:00Z on 1998-09-03The wind through the lowest 10 kilometers. Zero to 1 km storm-relative helicity 288 square meters per square second.19395878Sfc1 km3 km6 kmRMLM
The wind turning with height, colored by layer: ground to 1 km, 1 to 3 km, 3 to 6 km, 6 to 10 km.
Mixed-layer CAPE
182 J/kg
Mixed-layer CIN
-31 J/kg
Mixed-layer LCL
528 m above ground
0-6 km bulk shear
54 kt
0-1 km storm-relative helicity
288 m²/s²
0-3 km storm-relative helicity
433 m²/s²
Significant tornado parameter
0.0
Supercell composite
0.1

Open this sounding in Storm Lab

The text

As transmitted, in the capitals the NWS used until 2016.

550 
WFUS1 KCAE 031816 RRA
TORCAE
SCC075-031845-

BULLETIN - EAS ACTIVATION REQUESTED
TORNADO WARNING
NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE COLUMBIA SC
211 PM EDT THU SEP 3 1998

THE NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE IN COLUMBIA SC HAS ISSUED A

* TORNADO WARNING FOR...
  EASTERN ORANGEBURG COUNTY IN SOUTH CAROLINA

* UNTIL 245 PM EDT 

* AT 215 PM NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE DOPPLER RADAR INDICATED 
  A POSSIBLE TORNADO NEAR HARLEYVILLE. MOVEMENT WAS TO THE NORTH 
  AT 45 MPH.

* THE TORNADO WILL BE NEAR...
  HOLLYHILL AT 230
  EUTAWVILLE AT 240

THIS IS A DANGEROUS STORM...TAKE COVER IMMEDIATELY IF YOU ARE IN 
ITS PATH. 

IF YOU ARE IN THE PATH OF THIS TORNADO AND AT SCHOOL OR IN AN 
OFFICE BUILDING...GO QUICKLY TO A BASEMENT...INTERIOR HALL OR 
BATHROOM. STAY OUT OF AUDITORIUMS OR GYMNASIUMS. 

SJN

What forecasters said that day

The local office's own words before this tornado warning went out, as it sent them, from the Iowa Environmental Mesonet's archive of National Weather Service text.

In the hours before

Special weather statement, Sep 3, 10:35 AM EDT, 3 hours 36 minutes before
SCZ015-016-018-020-021-022-025-026-027-028-029-030-031-035-
036-037-038-041-GAZ040-063-064-065-077-032235-

SEVERE WEATHER OUTLOOK
NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE COLUMBIA SC
1035 AM EDT THU SEP 3 1998

THE OUTLOOK PERTAINS TO THE FOLLOWING COUNTIES IN SOUTH CAROLINA:

AIKEN        BAMBERG      BARNWELL     CALHOUN      CHESTERFIELD
CLARENDON    EDGEFIELD    FAIRFIELD    KERSHAW      LANCASTER
LEE          LEXINGTON    MCCORMICK    NEWBERRY     ORANGEBURG
RICHLAND     SALUDA       SUMTER

THE OUTLOOK PERTAINS TO THE FOLLOWING COUNTIES IN GEORGIA:

BURKE        COLUMBIA     LINCOLN      MCDUFFIE     RICHMOND

THE REMNANTS OF TROPICAL STORM EARL WERE LOCATED OVER SOUTH CENTRAL
GEORGIA THIS MORNING. THE REMNANTS OF EARL WILL MOVE ACROSS THE EASTERN
PORTIONS OF SOUTH CAROLINA THIS AFTERNOON THROUGH THIS EVENING. THIS
WILL PRODUCE A VERY MOIST AND UNSTABLE AIRMASS OVER THE AREA THROUGH
THIS EVENING. AS THE AREA OF RAIN MOVES OVER THE AREA...EMBEDDED
THUNDERSTORMS WILL DEVELOP THROUGH THIS EVENING. SOME OF THESE
THUNDERSTORMS MAY PRODUCE TORNADOES. THE GREATEST THREAT OF TORNADOES
WILL BE EAST OF A LINE FROM LANCASTER SOUTHWEST TO NEWBERRY THEN TO THE
AUGUSTA METROPOLITAN AREA. TROPICAL STORMS OR THEIR REMNANTS HAVE A
HISTORY OF PRODUCING TORNADOES ACROSS SOUTH CAROLINA AND GEORGIA.

ALL INTERESTS SHOULD BE AWARE OF THIS POTENTIAL FOR SEVERE
WEATHER AND KEEP POSTED ON WEATHER STATEMENTS...WATCHES...
OR WARNINGS WHICH MAY BE ISSUED BY THE NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE.
BE PREPARED TO TAKE QUICK ACTION IF THREATENING WEATHER IS
SIGHTED OR A WARNING IS ISSUED FOR YOUR AREA.

EMERGENCY PREPAREDNESS OFFICIALS ARE REQUESTED TO REMAIN ALERT AND
MAKE PRELIMINARY PLANS TO DEAL WITH SEVERE WEATHER SHOULD IT OCCUR.
SEVERE WEATHER SPOTTERS...INCLUDING AMATEUR RADIO OPERATORS...
SHOULD MONITOR THIS WEATHER SITUATION AND RELAY REPORTS PROMPTLY
TO THE NEAREST NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE OFFICE. IN ADDITION...ALL
LOCAL AND STATE SLED TERMINAL OPERATORS ARE STRONGLY ENCOURAGED TO
UTILIZE THEIR PRELIMINARY STORM REPORTING SYSTEM TO RELAY WEATHER
REPORTS TO THE NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE. PROMPT RELAY OF REAL-TIME
REPORTS COULD SUBSTANTIALLY AID THE WARNING PROCESS AND SENSITIZE
OTHERS TO THE POTENTIAL FOR ADDITIONAL SEVERE WEATHER.

VAUGHAN
Special weather statement, Sep 3, 10:35 AM EDT, 3 hours 36 minutes before
SCZ015-016-018-020-021-022-025-026-027-028-029-030-031-035-
036-037-038-041-GAZ040-063-064-065-077-032235-

SEVERE WEATHER OUTLOOK
NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE COLUMBIA SC
1035 AM EDT THU SEP 3 1998

THE OUTLOOK PERTAINS TO THE FOLLOWING COUNTIES IN SOUTH CAROLINA:

AIKEN        BAMBERG      BARNWELL     CALHOUN      CHESTERFIELD
CLARENDON    EDGEFIELD    FAIRFIELD    KERSHAW      LANCASTER
LEE          LEXINGTON    MCCORMICK    NEWBERRY     ORANGEBURG
RICHLAND     SALUDA       SUMTER

THE OUTLOOK PERTAINS TO THE FOLLOWING COUNTIES IN GEORGIA:

BURKE        COLUMBIA     LINCOLN      MCDUFFIE     RICHMOND

THE REMNANTS OF TROPICAL STORM EARL WERE LOCATED OVER SOUTH CENTRAL
GEORGIA THIS MORNING. THE REMNANTS OF EARL WILL MOVE ACROSS THE EASTERN
PORTIONS OF SOUTH CAROLINA THIS AFTERNOON THROUGH THIS EVENING. THIS
WILL PRODUCE A VERY MOIST AND UNSTABLE AIRMASS OVER THE AREA THROUGH
THIS EVENING. AS THE AREA OF RAIN MOVES OVER THE AREA...EMBEDDED
THUNDERSTORMS WILL DEVELOP THROUGH THIS EVENING. SOME OF THESE
THUNDERSTORMS MAY PRODUCE TORNADOES. THE GREATEST THREAT OF TORNADOES
WILL BE EAST OF A LINE FROM LANCASTER SOUTHWEST TO NEWBERRY THEN TO THE
AUGUSTA METROPOLITAN AREA. TROPICAL STORMS OR THEIR REMNANTS HAVE A
HISTORY OF PRODUCING TORNADOES ACROSS SOUTH CAROLINA AND GEORGIA.

ALL INTERESTS SHOULD BE AWARE OF THIS POTENTIAL FOR SEVERE
WEATHER AND KEEP POSTED ON WEATHER STATEMENTS...WATCHES...
OR WARNINGS WHICH MAY BE ISSUED BY THE NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE.
BE PREPARED TO TAKE QUICK ACTION IF THREATENING WEATHER IS
SIGHTED OR A WARNING IS ISSUED FOR YOUR AREA.

EMERGENCY PREPAREDNESS OFFICIALS ARE REQUESTED TO REMAIN ALERT AND
MAKE PRELIMINARY PLANS TO DEAL WITH SEVERE WEATHER SHOULD IT OCCUR.
SEVERE WEATHER SPOTTERS...INCLUDING AMATEUR RADIO OPERATORS...
SHOULD MONITOR THIS WEATHER SITUATION AND RELAY REPORTS PROMPTLY
TO THE NEAREST NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE OFFICE. IN ADDITION...ALL
LOCAL AND STATE SLED TERMINAL OPERATORS ARE STRONGLY ENCOURAGED TO
UTILIZE THEIR PRELIMINARY STORM REPORTING SYSTEM TO RELAY WEATHER
REPORTS TO THE NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE. PROMPT RELAY OF REAL-TIME
REPORTS COULD SUBSTANTIALLY AID THE WARNING PROCESS AND SENSITIZE
OTHERS TO THE POTENTIAL FOR ADDITIONAL SEVERE WEATHER.

VAUGHAN

The office that day

Everything else NWS Columbia, SC issued on the same UTC day.

IssuedProductOfficeCountiesLasted
Sep 3, 1:36 PM EDTTornado WarningCAEOrangeburg24 min
Sep 3, 4:35 PM EDTFlash Flood WarningCAELexington6 hr

Nearby

Tornado Warnings in South Carolina, 1998Every tornado warning in 1998Tornadoes in 1998

Sources

The product and its follow-ups from the Iowa Environmental Mesonet's archive of National Weather Service and Storm Prediction Center text; verification from NCEI's Storm Data; the sounding from the Mesonet's radiosonde archive; radar from the NEXRAD Level II archive.