Alert archive / Texas / Tornado Warnings in 1991

Tornado Warning 12, NWS Austin/San Antonio, TX

April 28, 1991Burleson County, Texas

NWS Austin/San Antonio, TX issued this tornado warning at Apr 28, 1991, 4:05 PM CDT for Burleson County, Texas. It was in force for 40 min.

The area

The counties it named.

The facts

Issued
Apr 28, 1991, 4:05 PM CDT (21:05 UTC)
Expired
Apr 28, 1991, 4:45 PM CDT
In force
40 min
Issued by
NWS Austin/San Antonio, TX
Area
Whole counties

County Burleson County, TX

The nearest sounding before it

Stephenville/Cla, TX (KSEP), launched 12:00Z, 9.1 hours before the alert went out and 238 km from the middle of its area. This is the routine balloon launch nearest before it, the air the forecaster had in hand, not a measurement taken for the alert.

Skew-T log-pSkew-T log-p diagram, Stephenville/Cla, TX at 12:00Z on 1991-04-28Temperature and dew point through the depth of the atmosphere, with the mixed-layer parcel. CAPE 822 joules per kilogram.LCLLFCEL10008507005003002001001 km2 km3 km6 km9 km12 km15 km-30°-20°-10°0°10°20°30°40°
Temperature in red, dew point in green, the mixed-layer parcel dashed.
HodographHodograph, Stephenville/Cla, TX at 12:00Z on 1991-04-28The wind through the lowest 10 kilometers. Zero to 1 km storm-relative helicity 183 square meters per square second.1939587897Sfc1 km3 km6 km9 kmRMLM
The wind turning with height, colored by layer: ground to 1 km, 1 to 3 km, 3 to 6 km, 6 to 10 km.
Mixed-layer CAPE
822 J/kg
Mixed-layer CIN
-199 J/kg
Mixed-layer LCL
921 m above ground
0-6 km bulk shear
46 kt
0-1 km storm-relative helicity
183 m²/s²
0-3 km storm-relative helicity
108 m²/s²
Significant tornado parameter
0.0
Supercell composite
0.9

Open this sounding in Storm Lab

The text

As transmitted, in the capitals the NWS used until 2016.

000 
TTAA00 KAUS 282104
TORAUS
TXC051-282145-
 
BULLETIN - EBS ACTIVATION REQUESTED
TORNADO WARNING
NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE AUSTIN TX
405 PM CDT SUN APR 28 1991
 
THE NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE IN AUSTIN HAS ISSUED A
TORNADO WARNING EFFECTIVE UNTIL  445 PM CDT
FOR PEOPLE IN THE FOLLOWING LOCATIONS...
 
IN SOUTH CENTRAL TEXAS
 
   ...BURLESON COUNTY
 
AT 400 PM RADAR SHOWED A POSSIBLE TORNADO NEAR CALDWELL MOVING
NORTHEAST AT 40 MPH. KBTX-TV REPORTED NUMEROUS FUNNELS NEAR CALDWELL.
 
 
 
IF YOU ARE IN THE PATH OF A TORNADO...THE SAFEST PLACE IS A
BASEMENT.  GET UNDER A WORKBENCH OR PIECE OF STURDY FURNITURE.
IF NO BASEMENT IS AVAILABLE...SEEK SHELTER IN AN INTERIOR ROOM
SUCH AS A CLOSET ON THE LOWEST FLOOR.  USE BLA3NKETS...PILLOWS...
OR CUSHIONS TO COVER YOUR BODY.  AVOID WINDOWS.

What forecasters said that day

The local office's own words before this tornado warning went out, as it sent them, from the Iowa Environmental Mesonet's archive of National Weather Service text.

In the hours before

Special weather statement, Apr 28, 1:25 PM CDT, 2 hours 40 minutes before
TXZ039-282000-

SPECIAL WEATHER STATEMENT
NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE SAN ANTONIO TX
123 PM CDT SUN APR 28 1991

A LINE OF THUNDERSTORMS HAS MOVED INTO THE FAR NORTHWEST PORTION
OF BEXAR COUNTY.  THESE THUNDERSTORMS ARE MOVING TO THE EAST AT AROUND
35 MILES AN HOUR.  AT THIS RATE OF SPEED...THE THUNDERSTORMS WILL BE
MOVING ACROSS THE CITY OF SAN ANTONIO WITHIN THE HOUR.

STORNG GUSTY WINDS...FREQUENT LIGHTNING...BRIEF HEAVY RAIN AND MARBLE
TO GOLF BALL SIZE HAIL HAVE BEEN REPORTED AS THESE THUNDERSTORMS MOVED
ACROSS MEDINA AND BANDERA COUNTIES DURING THE PAST HOUR.

THE CITY OF SAN ANTONIO IS IN A SEVERE THUNDERSTORM WATCH UNTIL 6
PM THIS EVENING.

PERSONS IN AND AROUND BEXAR COUNTY AND THE SAN ANTONIO METROPOLITAN
AREA SHOULD REMAIN ALERT AND BE READY TO TAKE ACTION SHOULD SEVERE
THUNDERSTORMS BE ENCOUNTERED OR A WARNING IS ISSUED.

The office that day

Everything else NWS Austin/San Antonio, TX issued on the same UTC day.

IssuedProductOfficeCountiesLasted
Apr 28, 11:03 AM CDTSevere Thunderstorm WarningEWXMills42 min
Apr 28, 11:29 AM CDTSevere Thunderstorm WarningEWXBandera, Medina46 min
Apr 28, 12:00 PM CDTSevere Thunderstorm WarningEWXLlano45 min
Apr 28, 12:21 PM CDTSevere Thunderstorm WarningEWXBandera69 min
Apr 28, 12:36 PM CDTSevere Thunderstorm WarningEWXBurnet54 min
Apr 28, 12:48 PM CDTSevere Thunderstorm WarningEWXKendall57 min
Apr 28, 1:22 PM CDTSevere Thunderstorm WarningEWXBlanco53 min
Apr 28, 1:56 PM CDTSevere Thunderstorm WarningEWXHays49 min
Apr 28, 2:41 PM CDTTornado WarningEWXWilliamson49 min
Apr 28, 2:50 PM CDTSevere Thunderstorm WarningEWXGuadalupe55 min
Apr 28, 3:02 PM CDTSevere Thunderstorm WarningEWXLee43 min
Apr 28, 3:06 PM CDTSevere Thunderstorm WarningEWXTravis54 min
Apr 28, 3:09 PM CDTTornado WarningEWXBurleson51 min
Apr 28, 3:33 PM CDTSevere Thunderstorm WarningEWXWilliamson42 min
Apr 28, 3:44 PM CDTTornado WarningEWXBastrop46 min

Nearby

Tornado Warnings in Texas, 1991Every tornado warning in 1991Tornadoes in 1991

Sources

The product and its follow-ups from the Iowa Environmental Mesonet's archive of National Weather Service and Storm Prediction Center text; the sounding from the Mesonet's radiosonde archive.