Alert archive / Alabama / Tornado Warnings in 1991

Tornado Warning 18, NWS Birmingham, AL

May 5, 1991Shelby County, Alabama

NWS Birmingham, AL issued this tornado warning at May 5, 1991, 1:50 PM CDT for Shelby County, Alabama. It was in force for 25 min. 1 report came from inside the area while it was in force.

The area

The counties it named, with what was reported inside it.

The facts

Issued
May 5, 1991, 1:50 PM CDT (18:50 UTC)
Expired
May 5, 1991, 2:15 PM CDT
In force
25 min
Issued by
NWS Birmingham, AL
Area
Whole counties

County Shelby County, AL

What was reported inside it

TimeReportWhereRemark
May 5, 1:55 PM CDTThunderstorm Wind 52Shelby, AL

NCEI Storm Data entries that began inside the alert's area while it was in force. Before 2003 the local storm report archive is thin, so this is the record of what happened rather than what was phoned in. Storm Data before 1996 records only tornadoes, thunderstorm wind and hail.

The nearest sounding before it

Centreville/Bibb, AL (KCKL), launched 12:00Z, 6.8 hours before the alert went out and 64 km from the middle of its area. This is the routine balloon launch nearest before it, the air the forecaster had in hand, not a measurement taken for the alert.

Skew-T log-pSkew-T log-p diagram, Centreville/Bibb, AL at 12:00Z on 1991-05-05Temperature and dew point through the depth of the atmosphere, with the mixed-layer parcel. CAPE 538 joules per kilogram.LCLLFCEL10008507005003002001001 km2 km3 km6 km9 km12 km15 km-30°-20°-10°0°10°20°30°40°
Temperature in red, dew point in green, the mixed-layer parcel dashed.
HodographHodograph, Centreville/Bibb, AL at 12:00Z on 1991-05-05The wind through the lowest 10 kilometers. Zero to 1 km storm-relative helicity 157 square meters per square second.19395878Sfc1 km3 km6 km9 kmRMLM
The wind turning with height, colored by layer: ground to 1 km, 1 to 3 km, 3 to 6 km, 6 to 10 km.
Mixed-layer CAPE
538 J/kg
Mixed-layer CIN
-96 J/kg
Mixed-layer LCL
846 m above ground
0-6 km bulk shear
37 kt
0-1 km storm-relative helicity
157 m²/s²
0-3 km storm-relative helicity
162 m²/s²
Significant tornado parameter
0.0
Supercell composite
1.2

Open this sounding in Storm Lab

The text

As transmitted, in the capitals the NWS used until 2016.

000 
TTAA00 KBHM 051852
TORBHM
ALC117-051915-
 
BULLETIN - EBS ACTIVATION REQUESTED
TORNADO WARNING
NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE BIRMINGHAM AL
150 PM CDT SUN MAY 5 1991
 
THE NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE IN BIRMINGHAM HAS ISSUED A
TORNADO WARNING EFFECTIVE UNTIL  215 PM CDT
FOR PEOPLE IN THE FOLLOWING LOCATION...
 
IN NORTH ALABAMA
 
   ...SHELBY COUNTY
 
RADAR INDICATED THE POSSIBLE EXISTENCE OF A TORNADO IN NORTHERN SHELBY
COUNTY IN THE VICINITY OF US 280 NEAR OAK MOUNTAIN. THE THUNDERSTORM WAS
MOVING EAST NORTHEAST AROUND 35 MPH.
 
DO NOT USE YOUR CAR TO TRY TO OUTRUN A TORNADO.  CARS ARE EASILY
TOSSED AROUND BY TORNADO WINDS.  IF YOU ARE CAUGHT IN THE PATH OF
A TORNADO...LEAVE THE CAR AND GO TO A STRONG BUILDING.  IF NO
STRUCTURE IS NEARBY...SEEK SHELTER IN A DITCH OR LOW SPOT.

What forecasters said that day

The local office's own words before this tornado warning went out, as it sent them, from the Iowa Environmental Mesonet's archive of National Weather Service text.

In the hours before

Special weather statement, May 5, 12:35 PM CDT, 1 hour 15 minutes before
ALZ004-005-006-007-008-009-051930-

SPECIAL WEATHER STATEMENT
NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE BIRMINGHAM AL
1233 PM CDT SUN MAY 5 1991

NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE RADAR CONTINUED TO SHOW A LINE OF STRONG
THUNDERSTORMS GENERALLY IN A LINE STRETCHING FROM CENTRAL WALKER COUNTY
ACROSS TUSCALOOSA COUNTY IN THE VICINITY OF THE CITY OF TUSCALOOSA AND
THEN ACROSS GREENE AND SUMTER COUNTIES. THE THUNDERSTORMS WERE MOVING
EAST NORTHEAST AROUND 40 MILES AN HOUR.

THESE THUNDERSTORMS ARE CAPABLE OF PRODUCING STRONG GUSTY WIND...HAIL...
HEAVY RAIN...AND LIGHTNING.  WITH THE ATMOSPHERE OVER ALABAMA RELATIVELY
UNSTABLE...THUNDERSTORMS COULD POSSIBLY DEVELOP SEVERE WEATHER RAPIDLY
FOR A SHORT PERIOD OF TIME.  FOR THIS REASON...PEOPLE IN CENTRAL ALABAMA
SHOULD REMAIN ALERT TO RAPIDLY CHANGING WEATHER AND BE PREPARED TO SEEK
SHELTER IF THE WEATHER BECOMES UNUSALLY THREATENING.

ELSEWHERE IN CENTRAL ALABAMA...THUNDERSTORMS WERE OCCURRING OVER
SHELBY...ST. CLAIR...BLOUNT...CULLMAN...ETOWA AND EASTERN JEFFERSON
COUNTIES.  THESE THUNDERSTORMS WERE GENERALLY PRODUCING MODERATE TO
HEAVY RAIN WITH SOME LIGHTNING.

THE THUNDERSTORMS IN EASTERN SHELBY COUNTY ARE EXPECTED TO MOVE INTO
TALLADEGA COUNTY AND COULD BE AFFECTING THE RACES AT TALLADEGA RACEWAY
WITHIN THE NEXT 45 MINUTES TO ONE HOUR.
Special weather statement, May 5, 12:40 PM CDT, 1 hour 10 minutes before
ALZ004>009-051810-

SPECIAL WEATHER STATEMENT
NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE BIRMINGHAM AL
1239 PM CDT SUN MAY 05 1991

...SEVERE THUNDERSTORM WATCH CANCELLED FOR THREE NORTHWEST ALABAMA
   COUNTIES...

THE NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE HAS CANCELLED THE SEVERE THUNDERSTORM
WATCH FOR MARION...LAMAR AND FAYETTE COUNTIES IN NORTHWEST ALABAMA.
THE LINE OF STRONG THUNDERSTORMS HAS MOVED SOUTHEAST OF THESE
COUNTIES.

A SEVERE THUNDERSTORM WATCH REMAINS IN EFFECT UNTIL 4 PM CDT...OR
UNTIL CANCELLED...FOR COUNTIES TO THE EAST AND SOUTH OF THE CLEARED
AREA.
Special weather statement, May 5, 1:02 PM CDT, 48 minutes before
ALZ004-005-006-007-008-009-051930-

SPECIAL WEATHER STATEMENT
NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE BIRMINGHAM AL
100 PM CDT SUN MAY 5 1991

NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE RADAR CONTINUED TO SHOW A LINE OF STRONG
THUNDERSTORMS GENERALLY IN A LINE STRETCHING FROM EASTERN WALKER COUNTY
ACROSS TUSCALOOSA COUNTY JUST EAST OF THE CITY OF TUSCALOOSA AND
THEN ACROSS GREENE AND SUMTER COUNTIES. THE THUNDERSTORMS WERE MOVING
EAST NORTHEAST AROUND 40 MILES AN HOUR.

THESE THUNDERSTORMS ARE CAPABLE OF PRODUCING STRONG GUSTY WIND...HAIL...
HEAVY RAIN...AND LIGHTNING.  WITH THE ATMOSPHERE OVER ALABAMA RELATIVELY
UNSTABLE...THUNDERSTORMS COULD POSSIBLY DEVELOP SEVERE WEATHER RAPIDLY
FOR A SHORT PERIOD OF TIME.  FOR THIS REASON...PEOPLE IN CENTRAL ALABAMA
SHOULD REMAIN ALERT TO RAPIDLY CHANGING WEATHER AND BE PREPARED TO SEEK
SHELTER IF THE WEATHER BECOMES UNUSALLY THREATENING.

THIS LINE OF THUNDERSTORMS WILL BE MOVING INTO THE BIRMINGHAM METROPOL-
ITAN AREA IN THE NEXT 45 MINTUES TO ONE HOUR.

ELSEWHERE IN CENTRAL ALABAMA...THUNDERSTORMS WERE OCCURRING OVER
ST. CLAIR...BLOUNT...CULLMAN...AND ETOWAH COUNTIES AND JUST ENTERING
TALLADEGA COUNTY.  THESE THUNDERSTORMS WERE GENERALLY PRODUCING MODERATE
TO HEAVY RAIN WITH SOME LIGHTNING.

THE THUNDERSTORMS ENTERING TALLADEGA COUNTY ARE EXPECTED AFFECT THE RACES
TALLADEGA RACEWAY WITHIN THE NEXT 30 MINUTES.

BEHIND THE MAIN LINE OF THUNDERSTORMS...A LARGE AREA OF LIGHT TO MODERATE
RAIN EXTENDED WELL BACK INTO MISSISSIPPI. MOTORISTS ARE ADVISED TO SLOW
DOWN WHEN ENCOUNTERING ANY RAIN AREAS...AS HYDOPLANING CAN CAUSE LOSS OF
CONTROL.
Special weather statement, May 5, 1:18 PM CDT, 32 minutes before
TTAA00 KMGM0518188-009_010-013-014-052000-

SPECIAL WEATHER STATEMENT
NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE MONTGOMERY AL
110 PM CDT SUN MAY 05 1991

...A SEVERE THUNDERSTORM WATCH CONTINUES IN EFFECT FOR DALLAS AND
WILCOX COUNTIES UNTIL 4PM...

RADAR SHOWER A LINE OF STRONG THUNDERTORMS MOVING INTO WEST ALABAMA
AT 1PM. THE LINE EXTENDED FROM JUST NORTHEAST OF TUSCALOOSA TO THE
MISSISSIPPI BORDER ABOUT 50 MILES SOUTH OF MERIDIAN AND WAS MOVING
SOUTHEAST AT 45 TO 50 MPH.

THE MOST INTENSE STORMS WERE JUST MOVING INTO WEST ALABAMA.

SOME OF THE STORMS WILL BE MOVING INTO DALLAS AND WILCOX COUNTIES BY
230 PM.

PLEASE REMAIN ALERT AND READY TO GO TO A SAFE PLACE  IF ONE OF THE
STORMS APPROACHES.

DEVAUGHN
Special weather statement, May 5, 1:25 PM CDT, 25 minutes before
ALZ008-009-010-013-014-052000-

SPECIAL WEATHER STATEMENT COR
NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE MONTGOMERY AL
110 PM CDT SUN MAY 05 1991

...A SEVERE THUNDERSTORM WATCH CONTINUES IN EFFECT FOR DALLAS AND
WILCOX COUNTIES UNTIL 4PM...

RADAR SHOWED A LINE OF STRONG THUNDERTORMS MOVING INTO WEST ALABAMA
AT 1PM. THE LINE EXTENDED FROM JUST NORTHEAST OF TUSCALOOSA TO THE
MISSISSIPPI BORDER ABOUT 50 MILES SOUTH OF MERIDIAN AND WAS MOVING
SOUTHEAST AT 45 TO 50 MPH.

THE MOST INTENSE STORMS WERE JUST MOVING INTO WEST ALABAMA.

SOME OF THE STORMS WILL BE MOVING INTO DALLAS AND WILCOX COUNTIES BY
230 PM.

PLEASE REMAIN ALERT AND READY TO GO TO A SAFE PLACE  IF ONE OF THE
STORMS APPROACHES.

DEVAUGHN
Special weather statement, May 5, 1:32 PM CDT, 18 minutes before
ALZ004-005-006-007-008-009-051930-

SPECIAL WEATHER STATEMENT
NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE BIRMINGHAM AL
135 PM CDT SUN MAY 5 1991

NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE RADAR CONTINUED TO SHOW A LINE OF STRONG
THUNDERSTORMS GENERALLY IN A LINE STRETCHING FROM SOUTHERN CULLMAN COUNTY
THROUGH JEFFERSON COUNTY...SOUTH AND WESTWARD INTO BIBB...PERRY...
MARENGO AND CHOCTAW COUNTIES. THE STRONGEST STORMS WERE INDICATED IN
JEFFERSON COUNTY APPROACHING THE BIRMINGHAM METROPOLITAN AREA...AND IN
SOUTHERN HALE AND NORTHERN MARENGO COUNTIES SOUTH AND EAST OF DEMOPOLIS.

THESE THUNDERSTORMS ARE CAPABLE OF PRODUCING STRONG GUSTY WIND...HAIL...
HEAVY RAIN...AND LIGHTNING.  WITH THE ATMOSPHERE OVER ALABAMA RELATIVELY
UNSTABLE...THUNDERSTORMS COULD POSSIBLY DEVELOP SEVERE WEATHER RAPIDLY
FOR A SHORT PERIOD OF TIME.  FOR THIS REASON...PEOPLE IN CENTRAL ALABAMA
SHOULD REMAIN ALERT TO RAPIDLY CHANGING WEATHER AND BE PREPARED TO SEEK
SHELTER IF THE WEATHER BECOMES UNUSALLY THREATENING.

The office that day

Everything else NWS Birmingham, AL issued on the same UTC day.

IssuedProductOfficeCountiesLasted
May 5, 5:01 AM CDTSevere Thunderstorm WarningBMXColbert, Franklin59 min
May 5, 10:49 AM CDTSevere Thunderstorm WarningBMXLamar41 min
May 5, 1:31 PM CDTTornado WarningBMXJefferson29 min
May 5, 1:37 PM CDTSevere Thunderstorm WarningBMXShelby53 min
May 5, 1:57 PM CDTSevere Thunderstorm WarningBMXBlount, St. Clair63 min
May 5, 2:03 PM CDTSevere Thunderstorm WarningBMXTalladega57 min
May 5, 2:08 PM CDTSevere Thunderstorm WarningBMXChilton52 min
May 5, 2:42 PM CDTSevere Thunderstorm WarningBMXCalhoun48 min

Nearby

Tornado Warnings in Alabama, 1991Every tornado warning in 1991Tornadoes in 1991

Sources

The product and its follow-ups from the Iowa Environmental Mesonet's archive of National Weather Service and Storm Prediction Center text; verification from NCEI's Storm Data; the sounding from the Mesonet's radiosonde archive.