Alert archive / Alabama / Tornado Warnings in 1991
Tornado Warning 17, NWS Birmingham, AL
NWS Birmingham, AL issued this tornado warning at May 5, 1991, 1:31 PM CDT for Jefferson County, Alabama. It was in force for 29 min. 2 reports came from inside the area while it was in force.
The area
The counties it named, with what was reported inside it.
The facts
- Issued
- May 5, 1991, 1:31 PM CDT (18:31 UTC)
- Expired
- May 5, 1991, 2:00 PM CDT
- In force
- 29 min
- Issued by
- NWS Birmingham, AL
- Area
- Whole counties
County Jefferson County, AL
What was reported inside it
| Time | Report | Where | Remark |
|---|---|---|---|
| May 5, 1:35 PM CDT | Thunderstorm Wind 0 | Jefferson, AL | |
| May 5, 1:45 PM CDT | Thunderstorm Wind 0 | Jefferson, AL |
NCEI Storm Data entries that began inside the alert's area while it was in force. Before 2003 the local storm report archive is thin, so this is the record of what happened rather than what was phoned in. Storm Data before 1996 records only tornadoes, thunderstorm wind and hail.
The nearest sounding before it
Centreville/Bibb, AL (KCKL), launched 12:00Z, 6.5 hours before the alert went out and 78 km from the middle of its area. This is the routine balloon launch nearest before it, the air the forecaster had in hand, not a measurement taken for the alert.
- Mixed-layer CAPE
- 538 J/kg
- Mixed-layer CIN
- -96 J/kg
- Mixed-layer LCL
- 846 m above ground
- 0-6 km bulk shear
- 37 kt
- 0-1 km storm-relative helicity
- 157 m²/s²
- 0-3 km storm-relative helicity
- 162 m²/s²
- Significant tornado parameter
- 0.0
- Supercell composite
- 1.2
The text
As transmitted, in the capitals the NWS used until 2016.
000 TTAA00 KBHM 051832 TORBHM ALC073-051900- BULLETIN - EBS ACTIVATION REQUESTED TORNADO WARNING NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE BIRMINGHAM AL 131 PM CDT SUN MAY 5 1991 THE NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE IN BIRMINGHAM HAS ISSUED A TORNADO WARNING EFFECTIVE UNTIL 200 PM CDT FOR PEOPLE IN THE FOLLOWING LOCATION... IN NORTH ALABAMA ...JEFFERSON COUNTY STORM REPORTS INDICATED A POSSIBLE TORNADO IN BESSEMER WHICH HAS PRODUCED DAMAGE TO SOME APARTMENTS. THIS TORNADO IS LIKELY TO AFFECT THE SOUTHERN PORTION OF JEFFERSON COUNTY AS IT MOVES EAST NORTHEAST AT 35 MPH. IF YOU ARE CAUGHT OUTSIDE...SEEK SHELTER IN A NEARBY REINFORCED BUILDING. AS A LAST RESORT...SEEK SHELTER IN A CULVERT...DITCH OR LOW SPOT AND COVER YOUR HEAD WITH YOUR HANDS.
What forecasters said that day
The local office's own words before this tornado warning went out, as it sent them, from the Iowa Environmental Mesonet's archive of National Weather Service text.
In the hours before
Special weather statement, May 5, 12:12 PM CDT, 1 hour 19 minutes before
ALZ004>009-051815- SPECIAL WEATHER STATEMENT NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE BIRMINGHAM AL 1211 PM CDT SUN MAY 05 1991 ...SEVERE THUNDERSTORM WATCH CONTINUES FOR A LARGE PART OF WEST AND NORTH ALABAMA UNTIL 4 PM. AT 1211 PM WEATHER SERVICE RADAR INDICATED A LINE OF THUNDERSTORMS... SOME VERY STRONG...STRETCHED FROM HALEYVILLE SOUTH TO CARBON HILL TO BERRY AND THEN SOUTHWESTWARD TOWARDS ELROD IN TUSCALOOSA COUNTY AND THEN TO ALICEVILLE IN PICKENS COUNTY. THE STRONGEST THUNDERSTORM WAS LOCATED IN SOUTHERN PICKENS COUNTY CLOSE TO ALICEVILLE. OTHER SHOWERS AND THUNDERSTORMS WERE OVER PORTIONS OF CENTRAL ALABAMA IN NORTHERN JEFFERSON AND BLOUNT COUNTIES. THE RAIN ACTIVITY WAS MOVING TO THE EAST-NORTHEAST AT 35 TO 40 MILES AN HOUR. THESE THUNDERSTORMS ARE CAPABLE OF PRODUCING STRONG GUSTY WINDS...VERY HEAVY DOWNPOURS...FREQUENT LIGHTNING AND POSSIBLY SOME HAIL. STAY INFORMED OF THE LATEST WEATHER INFORMATION BY LISTENING TO NOAA WEATHiER RADIO AS WEATHER CONDITIONS CAN CHANGE VERY RAPIDLY THIS AFTERNOON AND EVENING.
Special weather statement, May 5, 12:35 PM CDT, 56 minutes before
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
Special weather statement, May 5, 12:40 PM CDT, 51 minutes before
ALZ004>009-051810- SPECIAL WEATHER STATEMENT NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE BIRMINGHAM AL 1239 PM CDT SUN MAY 05 1991 ...SEVERE THUNDERSTORM WATCH CANCELLED FOR THREE NORTHWEST ALABAMA COUNTIES... THE NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE HAS CANCELLED THE SEVERE THUNDERSTORM WATCH FOR MARION...LAMAR AND FAYETTE COUNTIES IN NORTHWEST ALABAMA. THE LINE OF STRONG THUNDERSTORMS HAS MOVED SOUTHEAST OF THESE COUNTIES. A SEVERE THUNDERSTORM WATCH REMAINS IN EFFECT UNTIL 4 PM CDT...OR UNTIL CANCELLED...FOR COUNTIES TO THE EAST AND SOUTH OF THE CLEARED AREA.
Special weather statement, May 5, 1:02 PM CDT, 29 minutes before
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
Special weather statement, May 5, 1:18 PM CDT, 13 minutes before
TTAA00 KMGM0518188-009_010-013-014-052000- SPECIAL WEATHER STATEMENT NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE MONTGOMERY AL 110 PM CDT SUN MAY 05 1991 ...A SEVERE THUNDERSTORM WATCH CONTINUES IN EFFECT FOR DALLAS AND WILCOX COUNTIES UNTIL 4PM... RADAR SHOWER A LINE OF STRONG THUNDERTORMS MOVING INTO WEST ALABAMA AT 1PM. THE LINE EXTENDED FROM JUST NORTHEAST OF TUSCALOOSA TO THE MISSISSIPPI BORDER ABOUT 50 MILES SOUTH OF MERIDIAN AND WAS MOVING SOUTHEAST AT 45 TO 50 MPH. THE MOST INTENSE STORMS WERE JUST MOVING INTO WEST ALABAMA. SOME OF THE STORMS WILL BE MOVING INTO DALLAS AND WILCOX COUNTIES BY 230 PM. PLEASE REMAIN ALERT AND READY TO GO TO A SAFE PLACE IF ONE OF THE STORMS APPROACHES. DEVAUGHN
Special weather statement, May 5, 1:25 PM CDT, 6 minutes before
ALZ008-009-010-013-014-052000- SPECIAL WEATHER STATEMENT COR NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE MONTGOMERY AL 110 PM CDT SUN MAY 05 1991 ...A SEVERE THUNDERSTORM WATCH CONTINUES IN EFFECT FOR DALLAS AND WILCOX COUNTIES UNTIL 4PM... RADAR SHOWED A LINE OF STRONG THUNDERTORMS MOVING INTO WEST ALABAMA AT 1PM. THE LINE EXTENDED FROM JUST NORTHEAST OF TUSCALOOSA TO THE MISSISSIPPI BORDER ABOUT 50 MILES SOUTH OF MERIDIAN AND WAS MOVING SOUTHEAST AT 45 TO 50 MPH. THE MOST INTENSE STORMS WERE JUST MOVING INTO WEST ALABAMA. SOME OF THE STORMS WILL BE MOVING INTO DALLAS AND WILCOX COUNTIES BY 230 PM. PLEASE REMAIN ALERT AND READY TO GO TO A SAFE PLACE IF ONE OF THE STORMS APPROACHES. DEVAUGHN
The office that day
Everything else NWS Birmingham, AL issued on the same UTC day.
| Issued | Product | Office | Counties | Lasted |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| May 5, 5:01 AM CDT | Severe Thunderstorm Warning | BMX | Colbert, Franklin | 59 min |
| May 5, 10:49 AM CDT | Severe Thunderstorm Warning | BMX | Lamar | 41 min |
| May 5, 1:37 PM CDT | Severe Thunderstorm Warning | BMX | Shelby | 53 min |
| May 5, 1:50 PM CDT | Tornado Warning | BMX | Shelby | 25 min |
| May 5, 1:57 PM CDT | Severe Thunderstorm Warning | BMX | Blount, St. Clair | 63 min |
| May 5, 2:03 PM CDT | Severe Thunderstorm Warning | BMX | Talladega | 57 min |
| May 5, 2:08 PM CDT | Severe Thunderstorm Warning | BMX | Chilton | 52 min |
| May 5, 2:42 PM CDT | Severe Thunderstorm Warning | BMX | Calhoun | 48 min |
Nearby
Tornado Warnings in Alabama, 1991Every tornado warning in 1991Tornadoes in 1991
Sources
The product and its follow-ups from the Iowa Environmental Mesonet's archive of National Weather Service and Storm Prediction Center text; verification from NCEI's Storm Data; the sounding from the Mesonet's radiosonde archive.