Gamalama

December 27, 2011 Eruption of Gamalama

December 27, 2011 · VEI 2 · 4 deaths

Gamalama in Indonesia erupted on December 27, 2011 with a Volcanic Explosivity Index of 2. The eruption killed 4 people.

Where it erupted

Gamalama, Indonesia, with its other significant eruptions.

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The eruption

Date
December 27, 2011
Volcano
Gamalama, stratovolcano
Country
Indonesia
Volcanic Explosivity Index
2, moderate (eruption column 1 to 5 km)
Killed by
Secondary (post-eruption) mudflows
Location
0.810° N, 127.332° E

The toll

Deaths
4
Injuries
Few (about 1 to 50)

Where the literature gives no number, NCEI records a description on a scale of 1 to 4, printed here in its words. Damage is in millions of US dollars of the year of the event, not adjusted for inflation.

What the record says

NCEI’s account, from the sources it cites.

Based on information from CVGHM, the Darwin VAAC reported that during 7-10 December ash plumes from Gamalama rose to altitudes of 2.1-6.1 km (7,000-20,000 ft) a.s.l. and drifted E and SE. The Alert Level for Gamalama remains at 3 (on a scale from 1-4). Based on a SIGMET and information from the Ujung Pandang City MWO, the Darwin VAAC reported that on 14 December an ash plume from Gamalama rose to an altitude of 3 km (10,000 ft) a.s.l. and drifted 140 km S. (reference #2432)

Officials say mudflows streaming from a volcano in eastern Indonesia have killed four villagers and about 1,000 others have fled their homes. Mount Gamalama in the Molucca Islands sprang to life this month with a powerful, non-fatal eruption. Government spokesman Yusuf Sunnya said Wednesday that days of heavy rains triggered flows of cold lava, rocks and other debris that slammed into villages near the volcano base Tuesday night. He said four people were killed and more than a dozen others were hospitalized with injuries ranging from broken bones to head wounds. (reference #9666)

Other significant eruptions of Gamalama

More

Every eruption in 2011The 2000sGamalamaEarthquakes near GamalamaThis day in weather history

Sources

Volcanoes and significant eruptions from NOAA’s National Centers for Environmental Information, Global Historical Hazard Database, cited as NCEI/WDS, doi:10.7289/V5PN93H7. Public domain. Read 2026-09-24. Volcano numbers are the Smithsonian Institution’s Global Volcanism Program’s. NCEI event 5445.