Cerro Negro

April 10, 1992 Eruption of Cerro Negro

April 10, 1992 · VEI 3 · 11 deaths · $3 million

Cerro Negro in Nicaragua erupted on April 10, 1992 with a Volcanic Explosivity Index of 3. The eruption killed 11 people.

Where it erupted

Cerro Negro, Nicaragua, with its other significant eruptions.

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The eruption

Date
April 10, 1992
Volcano
Cerro Negro, cinder cone
Country
Nicaragua
Volcanic Explosivity Index
3, moderate to large (eruption column 3 to 15 km)
Killed by
Tephra (ash, bombs, lapilli, steam blasts); Indirect deaths (disease, starvation, exposure)
Location
12.506° N, 86.702° W

The toll

Deaths
11
Injuries
50
Damage
$3 million
Houses destroyed
Few (about 1 to 50)

Where the literature gives no number, NCEI records a description on a scale of 1 to 4, printed here in its words. Damage is in millions of US dollars of the year of the event, not adjusted for inflation.

What the record says

NCEI’s account, from the sources it cites.

1 or 2 persons dies from falls while shoveling tephra from roofs. (reference #9675)

9 persons died from building collapse due to

heavy ashfall (reference #9675)

Between 6,000 and 9,000 people were evacuated (corrected from BGVN 17:03), and numerous houses and buildings collapsed under the weight of the accumulated ash.During the first three days of the eruption, government officials reported severe damage from ashfall over an area of about 186 km2, of which about 116 km2 are corn, cotton, sesame, beans, and other grain cultivation, and 70 km2 are sugar cane. In addition, numerous cattle were affected. The most severe damage extended from the volcano to the city of León. Primary damage to home, commercial, and industrial infrastructure, estimated at $3,000,000, was mostly caused by roof collapse on the first day of the eruption. As of 15 April, there were no reports of injuries directly related to the eruption. The 50 indirectly related injuries occurred predominantly during evacuations, and from falls as people cleaned their roofs; 1-2 people died from falls. The primary medical complaints were eye and respiratory problems. Refugees were evacuated to 4 centers distant from the most affected area. (reference #2432)

Photos

From the NCEI/WDS Natural Hazards Image Database (doi:10.7289/V5154F01). Only photos by the USGS and NOAA, which are public domain, are shown.

Cerro Negro, Nicaragua
Cerro Negro, Nicaragua This view was taken on February 10, 1971, on the eighth day of an eleven-day eruption cycle. The eruption has produced an enlargement of the summit crater and a broadening of the cone due to ashfalls. Photo: R.E. Wilcox, U.S. Geological Survey.

More

Every eruption in 1992The 1900sCerro NegroEarthquakes near Cerro NegroThis day in weather history

Sources

Volcanoes and significant eruptions from NOAA’s National Centers for Environmental Information, Global Historical Hazard Database, cited as NCEI/WDS, doi:10.7289/V5PN93H7. Public domain. Read 2026-09-24. Volcano numbers are the Smithsonian Institution’s Global Volcanism Program’s. NCEI event 3726.