September 27, 1650 Eruption of Kolumbo

On September 27, in the area where the discoloration of the seawater had been observed, a small, elliptical-shaped white islet (a few tens of meters in size) appeared, and later, terrestrial volcanic activity began. On September 27 and 28, numerous explosive episodes (6–7 per day) were reported, featuring a small explosive plume (a few tens of meters) and a loud, sharp crack, which produced cinder and foulsmelling volcanic gases. (reference #4497)

A particularly strong earthquake occurred on September 27 and resulted in shaking of houses. “Smoke” and “flames” coming out of the sea were reported from the islet that emerged on September 26 and are interpreted as explosive activity. The tremor continued all day, and noxious odours were reported on Thera and other islands. The sea was covered with pumice and about ten explosive events are reported. Τhe associated eruptive columns were described as having both white and black parts, interpreted as diagnostic of hydrovolcanism, typically observed in many submarine eruptions. A small tsunami occurred on September 27 with the descriptions of initial retreat of the sea followed by inundation of the land. On the morning of September 28, explosive activity resumed but ceased 1 h later. In the afternoon, observations indicated further explosive eruptions. Volcanic gas emissions caused respiratory and ocular problems on Santorini. (reference #14508)

Note: this is a submarine eruption of Kolumbo crate; impacts combined in the 1650 Sept 29 event.