Tsunamis in 1899

January 15, 1899 Tsunami: East Coast, New Ireland, Papua New Guinea

January 15, 1899 · Probable tsunami

A tsunami caused by an earthquake began at East Coast, New Ireland, Papua New Guinea on January 15, 1899. Its effects were recorded at 13 places in at least 7 countries.

Where the waves reached

The source (white) and every runup with a place, colored by the water height recorded there. A ring is a runup NCEI marks doubtful.

  • Under 1 m
  • 1 to 3 m
  • 3 to 10 m
  • 10 to 30 m
  • 30 m and more
  • Height not recorded

Tsunami warnings in force

Travel times

How long the first wave took to reach each part of the ocean, one line for each hour up to 24, estimated from the source and the depth of the sea.

The travel times are computed in your browser, which needs JavaScript.

  • 1 to 4 hours
  • 5 to 6 hours
  • 7 to 14 hours
  • 15 hours and more

Computed in your browser the way NOAA’s own travel time maps are: the wave travels at the square root of gravity times the depth, over NOAA’s ETOPO1 depths averaged to a 10 arc-minute grid. Checked against NOAA NCEI’s maps for 21 tsunamis over the first 24 hours, these lines fall within 10 minutes of NCEI’s at half the points compared and within 52 minutes at 9 in 10. They give when the first wave could arrive, not how high it is; bays, harbors and island chains finer than the grid can see it later. Not for use in a warning: see tsunami.gov.

The tsunami

Date
January 15, 1899
Source
East Coast, New Ireland, Papua New Guinea
Cause
Earthquake
Earthquake
The earthquake
Runups recorded
13
Tsunami intensity (Soloviev-Imamura)
1.5
Waters
Ocean
How certain
Probable tsunami
Source location
3.000° S, 152.000° E

The toll

Damage
Moderate (about $1 to $5 million)
Houses destroyed
Many (101 to 1,000)

Where the literature gives no number, NCEI records a description on a scale of 1 to 4, printed here in its words. Damage is in millions of US dollars of the year of the event, not adjusted for inflation.

What the record says

NCEI’s account, from the sources it cites.

In 1899 on the eastern coast of New Ireland, there was an earthquake and a destructive tsunami which destroyed many huts on the coast. Waves were also observed in Albatros Strait between New Ireland and Bandissin Island. [It is possible that these data relate to the earthquake of Oct. 19, 1899 at 0916 UTC, which was registered by seismic stations in the region of New Britain.] (ref #414)

In 1899 an earthquake on the East Coast of New Ireland generated a tsunami that was observed on the East coast of New Ireland, Bismarck Archipelago, several houses were wrecked. (ref #79)

The steamer Archer, from the Islands, flying the flag of the Circular Saw Line, yesterday came alongside the wharf at Barbary's... Her cruise extended to New Britain, New Ireland, and many islands to the east of New Ireland... The Archer reports that a tidal wave visited the Marshall Islands on January 15 last, doing a great deal of damage to several islands. In the Caroline one small island was completely washed away. The same wave reached as far as New Ireland, but did not do much damage. (ref #5865)

The captain reports that a tidal wave swept over several of the islands, causing a considerable amount of damage. The tidal wave was also felt at the Gilbert and Ellice groups, New Ireland, and Fead Island. At Nukufatan the tidal wave was very destructive, and at Fead Island it devastated the native settlements. While the Archer was a Jaluit, in the Marshall Islands, a German trading schooner came into port from the Carolines, and reported that the tidal wave had extended there, causing great loss of life. Captain Hitchfield, of the German schooner, informed Captain Henry, of the Archer, that one of the Caroline group had been entirely swept away by the wave, and that several hundred lives must have been lost. Captain Hitchfield was in the vicinity at the time, and succeeded in rescuing some of the natives. The same wave reached as far as New Ireland, but did not do much damage there. (ref #6146)

The Archer brings some sensational island news. From the Marshall Islands the captain reports that a tidal wave had swept over several of the islands, causing a considerable amount of damage. The tidal wave was also felt at the Gilbert and Ellice Groups, New Ireland, and Fead Island. At Nukufatau considerable damage was done, and also at Fead Island the wave played havoc with the native settlements there. While at Jaluit, in the Marshall Islands, the German trading schooner Queen of the Isles came into port from the Carolines, and reported that the tidal wave had extended there, and caused great loss of life. Captain Hitchfield of the German schooner, told Captain Henry, of the Archer, that one of the islands of the Caroline group had been entirely swept by the wave, and that there must have at least several hundred lives lost. Captain Hitchfield was in the vicinity at the time, and succeeded in rescuing some of the natives. The island, he stated, had been completely washed away. The same wave reached as far as New Ireland, but did not do much damage there. (ref #7438)

Ref #12836 states 200 lives saved not lost, and these lives were in Gilbert Islands not Caroline Islands

Great damage was done at the Marshall Islands by a tidal wave in January last; and in the Carolines one small island was completely washed away. (ref #7437)

The officers report that a tidal wave visited a number of the islands, and caused frightful damage to property and suffering to people. (ref #7436)

A tidal wave at Siota, the headquarters of the Melanesian Mission in the Solomon Islands, completely destroyed the native village, it is feared with loss of life. (ref #7439)

Every runup

Nearest the source first. Heights are above sea level at the time; a tide gauge reads half the wave’s full height.

WhereCountryKm from sourceWater height, mInland, mMeasured byFirst wave, UTCDeaths
New IrelandPapua New Guinea36Eyewitness observation of water height
Nguria (Fead) IslandPapua New Guinea308Eyewitness observation of water height
North Coasts of Florida IslandsSolomon Islands1,119Eyewitness observation of water height
SiotaSolomon Islands1,139Eyewitness observation of water height
Atta Bay, Malaita IslandSolomon Islands1,163Eyewitness observation of water height
North Coast of Malaita IslandSolomon Islands1,176Eyewitness observation of water height
Caroline IslandsMicronesia1,268Eyewitness observation of water height
North Coast of San Cristobal IslandSolomon Islands1,322Eyewitness observation of water height
Marshall Islands, MHMarshall Islands2,170Eyewitness observation of water height
Nukufatan (Nukufetau)Tuvalu2,987Eyewitness observation of water height
Gilbert IslandsKiribati4,036Eyewitness observation of water height
Rakahanga IslandCook Islands5,242Eyewitness observation of water height
Manihiki IslandCook Islands5,255Eyewitness observation of water height

More

Every tsunami in 1899The 1800sTsunamis of Papua New GuineaThe earthquakeThis day in weather historyAlerts in force

Sources

Tsunami events and runups from NOAA’s National Centers for Environmental Information, Global Historical Hazard Database, cited as NCEI/WDS, doi:10.7289/V5PN93H7. Public domain. Read 2026-09-24. NCEI tsunami event 1255.