October 18, 1751 Tsunami: Azua DE Compostela, Dominican Republic
A tsunami caused by a magnitude 7.3 earthquake began at Azua DE Compostela, Dominican Republic on October 18, 1751 at 19:00 UTC. Its effects were recorded at 3 places.
Where the waves reached
The source (white) and every runup with a place, colored by the water height recorded there. A ring is a runup NCEI marks doubtful.
- Under 1 m
- 1 to 3 m
- 3 to 10 m
- 10 to 30 m
- 30 m and more
- Height not recorded
Travel times
How long the first wave took to reach each part of the ocean, one line for each hour up to 24, estimated from the source and the depth of the sea.
The travel times are computed in your browser, which needs JavaScript.
- 1 to 4 hours
- 5 to 6 hours
- 7 to 14 hours
- 15 hours and more
Computed in your browser the way NOAA’s own travel time maps are: the wave travels at the square root of gravity times the depth, over NOAA’s ETOPO1 depths averaged to a 10 arc-minute grid. Checked against NOAA NCEI’s maps for 21 tsunamis over the first 24 hours, these lines fall within 10 minutes of NCEI’s at half the points compared and within 52 minutes at 9 in 10. They give when the first wave could arrive, not how high it is; bays, harbors and island chains finer than the grid can see it later. Not for use in a warning: see tsunami.gov.
The tsunami
- Date
- October 18, 1751, 19:00 UTC
- Source
- Azua DE Compostela, Dominican Republic
- Cause
- Earthquake
- Earthquake
- Magnitude 7.3
- Runups recorded
- 3
- Waters
- Ocean
- How certain
- Probable tsunami
- Source location
- 18.500° N, 70.700° W
The toll
- Damage
- Severe (about $5 to $25 million); Moderate (about $1 to $5 million) with the earthquake or eruption that caused it
- Houses destroyed
- Many (101 to 1,000)
Where the literature gives no number, NCEI records a description on a scale of 1 to 4, printed here in its words. Damage is in millions of US dollars of the year of the event, not adjusted for inflation.
What the record says
NCEI’s account, from the sources it cites.
The city of Azua de Compostela, Dominican Republic (at that time, Hispaniola), was destroyed by an earthquake and resulting tsunami. Damaging waves were also reported at Santo Domingo and Santa Cruze El Seybo.
Every runup
Nearest the source first. Heights are above sea level at the time; a tide gauge reads half the wave’s full height.
| Where | Country | Km from source | Water height, m | Inland, m | Measured by | First wave, UTC | Deaths |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Azua DE Compostela | Dominican Republic | 4 | Eyewitness observation of water height | ||||
| Santo Domingo | Dominican Republic | 79 | Eyewitness observation of water height | ||||
| Santa Cruz DE El Seibo | Dominican Republic | 178 | Eyewitness observation of water height |
More
Every tsunami in 1751The 1700sTsunamis of Dominican RepublicThe earthquakeThis day in weather historyAlerts in force
Sources
Tsunami events and runups from NOAA’s National Centers for Environmental Information, Global Historical Hazard Database, cited as NCEI/WDS, doi:10.7289/V5PN93H7. Public domain. Read 2026-09-24. NCEI tsunami event 443.